Developments In Area Research Articles

Logistics Structure Analysis for Selayar Tangerine Supply Chain Mapping

Citrus fruits are in demand not only for their freshness, but also for their fiber content as nutrients and vitamins, especially vitamin C and vitamin A, which are beneficial for health. Selayar Islands Regency is a citrus development area in South Sulawesi Province. The citrus crop developed in Selayar Islands Regency is the tangerine variety. Along with the development of the citrus plant area, the population of citrus plants in Selayar Islands Regency increases every year. This study aims to describe the mapping of the Selayar tangerine supply chain structure through logistics cost analysis to map the distribution of income between supply chains. The number of respondents in this study was 45 people. This research uses descriptive analysis with convenience and snowball sampling methods to get an objective picture. This research uses logistics cost analysis using the Activity Based Costing method. The results showed that the levels involved in the supply chain are farmers, collectors, wholesalers, small traders, and consumers. The results of the logistics cost calculation show material handling costs as the highest cost of the entire Selayar tangerine supply chain cost.

Photo-Induced Three-Component Reaction for the Construction Of α-Tertiary Amino Acid Derivatives.

The synthesis of α-tertiary amino acids (ATAAs), which are pivotal components in natural metabolism and pharmaceutical innovation, continues to attract significant research interest. Despite substantial advancements, the pursuit of a facile, versatile, and resource-efficient methodology remains an area of active development. In this work, we introduce a visible light-triggered three-component reaction involving readily available nitrosoarenes, N-acyl pyrazoles, and allyl or (bromomethyl)benzenes under mild conditions. This approach enables the straightforward assembly of a wide array of ATAA derivatives (42 examples) in commendably high yields (up to 89 %). Mechanistic investigations elucidate that the reaction proceeds through a dehydration condensation between nitrosoarenes and N-acyl pyrazoles to generate ketimine intermediates. This is followed by a light-driven halogen atom transfer (XAT) process and a radical addition, culminating in the formation of the desired products. The approach showcases excellent functional group compatibility and late-stage derivatization potential, offering new insights and avenues for the synthesis of ATAA analogs.

Exploring the Landscape of Standards and Guidelines in AgeTech Design and Development: Scoping Review and Thematic Analysis.

AgeTech (technology for older people) offers digital solutions for older adults supporting aging in place, including digital health, assistive technology, Internet of Things, medical devices, robotics, wearables, and sensors. This study underscores the critical role of standards and guidelines in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of these technologies for the health of older adults. As the aging demographic expands, the focus on robust standards becomes vital, reflecting a collective commitment to improving the overall quality of life for older individuals through thoughtful and secure technology integration. This scoping review aims to investigate the current state of standards and guidelines applied in AgeTech design and development as reported in academic literature. We explore the existing knowledge of these standards and guidelines and identify key gaps in the design and development of AgeTech guidelines and standards in scholarly publications. The literature review adhered to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Searches were carried out across multiple databases, including Scopus, IEEE, PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, using a search string incorporating concepts such as "older people," "technology," and "standards or guidelines." Alternative terms, Boolean operators, and truncation were used for comprehensive coverage in each database. The synthesis of results and data analysis involved both quantitative and qualitative methods. Initially, 736 documents were identified across various databases. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and a screening process, 58 documents were selected for full-text review. The findings highlight that the most frequently addressed aspect of AgeTech standards or guidelines is related to "design and development," constituting 36% (21/58) of the literature; "usability and user experience" was the second most prevalent aspect, accounting for 19% (11/58) of the documents. In contrast, "privacy and security" (1/58, 2%) and "data quality" (1/58, 2%) were the least addressed aspects. Similarly, "ethics," "integration and interoperability," "accessibility," and "acceptance or adoption" each accounted for 3% (2/58) of the documents. In addition, a thematic analysis identified qualitative themes that warrant further exploration of variables. This study investigated the available knowledge regarding standards and guidelines in AgeTech design and development to evaluate their current status in academic literature. The substantial focus on assistive technologies and ambient assisted living technologies confirmed their vital role in AgeTech. The findings provide valuable insights for interested parties and point to prioritized areas for further development and research in the AgeTech domain.

Active listening for effective student engagement

Active listening can play a key and positive role in our relationships with others (Wolvin and Coakley, 2000; Bodie, 2011; Ellis and Abbot, 2018). When we fail to listen, we risk a lack of trust, empathy and insight; all crucial in effective communication. Whilst a lot of literature focuses on how active listening benefits students who use it, there is less understanding of the role of learning developers and the value of their actively listening to students (Canpolat et al., 2015; Shernof, et al., 2017; Eggenburger, 2021). Active listening by learning developers is, I would argue, vital in order to properly engage with and understand students. Utilising active listening in for example, 1-2-1 situations, may give students more confidence to express themselves and improve their relationship with and perception of their educational experience (Locktie, 2018). True active listening requires the listener to tune into the words of another person and suspend their assumptions (Lipari, 2010); embracing ‘listening being’ in our learning development practice may create a more positive student experience by building a person-centred atmosphere (Lipari, 2010). With discussions around the importance of developing a ‘sense of belonging’ in students gaining traction even before the COVID-19 pandemic, active listening deserves more attention. Moreover, in the context of high workloads and the increasing pressures of our higher education system, active listening is a neglected area of personal and professional development (Wolvin and Coakley, 2012). In this workshop, participants discussed how active listening can enhance their interactions with students whether online or in person. We refined our skills through practical, reflective activities, with a focus on the issues that impede our ability to listen and how we can improve. We also considered how listening feels from different perspectives and what kinds of behaviours we expect from a listener.

Optimizing Swim Pose Estimation and Performance Analysis Using AI and Predictive Analytics

Swim position estimation and performance analysis are critical for improving training outcomes and minimizing injury rates among swimmers of all skill levels. Traditional approaches rely heavily on manual video processing, which is timeconsuming and prone to human error, as well as biomechanical evaluations. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and predictive analytics have created new prospects for automating and improving these operations. The goal of this project is to create an artificial intelligence-powered swim position evaluation system that utilizes machine learning and computer vision techniques. The device monitors swimmers' activities in real time and gives exact feedback on technique, posture, and stroke efficiency. Predictive analytics improves this technique by predicting future trends and potential areas for development based on performance indicators and historical data. To provide precise, non-invasive human movement tracking in water, the proposed system employs biomechanical studies, deep learning models, and 3D pose estimation techniques

Brief Overview on Pathology of Blood and Urine

Clinical pathology is recognized as an essential component of the preclinical safety evaluation of test articles (new chemical entities, exploratory novel medicines, and xenobiotics), particularly in short- and medium-term toxicity studies. Traditionally, this evaluation includes clinical chemistry, coagulation, hematology, and urinalysis assessments. The findings of these assessments include details on the general state of health of the animals as well as target organs and general metabolic, adaptive, or harmful processes linked to test material exposure. Consequently, in the preclinical safety assessment of a test article, clinical pathology evaluations aid in the establishment of toxicological dose-response correlations. These findings hold significance and relevance for dose selection in long-term research, as well as for risk assessment and management when applied to humans. Guidance on the fundamentals of clinical pathology testing and interpretation in the species utilized in toxicological investigations is the aim of this chapter. In order to increase testing capacity and enhance its ability to identify more sensitive, early signals of drug-induced target organ toxicity or pathophysiology, the application of clinical pathology testing in preclinical safety assessment as well as the areas of development for novel biomarker implementation within the laboratory are discussed. Lastly, the significance of interpreting clinical pathology and combining the results with data from other studies is emphasized when assessing overall safety or risk assessment

Dynamics of living income for coffee farming households in agricultural area development policy: Socio-spatial integration

A decent income is an important part of overcoming economic disparities in agricultural development, especially in developing countries where most of the population are small farmers. As a developing country, Indonesia has also established a decent standard of living by setting a minimum wage as a reference for a decent income at the national and regional levels. However, this benchmark is not relevant to be applied uniformly at all levels of workers. This research determines the national coffee development area as the study center. We developed the Anker living wage methodology as a simple concept for determining living income for certain worker communities, especially for small farmers in rural areas who dominate the type of work in Indonesia. a socio-spatial approach is used to visualize the distribution of the dynamics of a decent life in various conditions of farming households. We found that 96.6% of coffee farming households in the national coffee development area had an inadequate living income, and only 3.4% were at an adequate level. We conclude that the current state of agricultural land management does not guarantee a decent income, even though efforts have been made to maximize agricultural crop productivity. The spatial description also shows that this condition is evenly distributed throughout residential areas. It is hoped that this approach can become an essential reference in implementing agricultural development programs that focus on welfare and equitable development as benchmarks for sustainable development goals in the future.

Regional development and communication networks: Case study of Western Ukraine

Motives: Communications are the basis of the existence of contemporary civilization. Today, innovation processes are carried out the most intensively, perhaps, in communications. The level of the formation of communication networks largely determines both the preconditions and the contemporary development of areas. Aim: The aim of our research is to analyze the interdependencies between the level of socio-economic development of areas and the formation of their communications on the example of local territorial units of Western Ukraine. Results: The correlation analysis demonstrates significant links between communication networks and the development of areas. It is not always possible to say unequivocally what cause and effect are in a particular case. According to the results of our study, socio-economic development in Western Ukraine has a more significant impact on the functioning of communication networks than communication networks on socio-economic development. Like other natural and socio-economic resources, communication networks are only prerequisites for the area's development. The emergence, perception by the population, and wide spread of new communications depend on some factors, among which an important place belongs to the area's socio-economic development level.

The Dawning Era of Anticancer Nanomedicines: From First Principles to Application of Silk Nanoparticles

AbstractThis review introduces nanomedicines and medical silks by addressing seminal and recent research within these fields. First, the successes of nanoparticles in improving the safety profiles and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic properties are explored but also the concepts of threshold dosing and targeting of tumor‐associated macrophages. Current barriers to systemic delivery of nanomedicines are detailed and methods to overcome these barriers and increase tumor targeting are evaluated, namely: tuning the nanomedicine size and surface charge for enhanced tumor accumulation and penetration; non‐spherical nanomedicine morphologies for macrophage evasion and targeted delivery to endothelial cells; and, surface functionalization for stealth coatings and targeting receptor‐mediated endocytosis. The advantages of using silk as a nanomedicine with reference to its structure, composition, biological performance, and formulation are discussed. While batch methods for silk processing enable the formation of nano to microparticles, continuous technology can overcome bottlenecks of the deployed engineering methods such as low throughput and poor reproducibility. Finally, the chemical modification of silk using homogeneous and heterogenous chemistries is assessed within the nanomedicine context. Overall, this review covers silk nanomedicines from first principles to carrier design and on to areas of future development.

Development and application of digital technology in craniomaxillofacial surgery

The treatment of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) defects and deformities is highly challenging due to the complex anatomical structures, significant individual variations and high demands for personalized reconstruction. In recent decades, the integration of cutting-edge technologies from fields such as computer science, mechanical engineering, and material science into medicine has greatly facilitated the transformation of CMF surgery from traditional, experience-based approaches to digitalized and intelligent methods. This review thoroughly analyzes the development and application areas of digital technology in CMF surgery including virtual surgical planning and facial prediction, three-dimensional printing, computer-assisted navigation and robotic surgery, virtual and mixed reality, as well as big data and artificial intelligence technologies. The aim is to offer comprehensive and in-depth reference information for the clinical practice in digital CMF surgery.

ROBOTIZATION OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE REGULATOR

Transformation of citizens' savings into investments is an important task set before the economic community back in the 2020s. To form internal sources of financing, it is necessary to ensure the safety of consumers of financial services. However, cases of fraud in the financial market indicate the presence of problems in the field of financial security. The speed of digitalization of the financial market exacerbates the problems. However, flexibility and an integrated approach to the use of artificial intelligence can solve the problem of risk management in this area. Therefore, studying the possibilities of introducing digitalization into the processes of interaction of financial market participants is an important area of development of scientific research.

Key Technology for Leak Prevention of Igneous Rocks in a Certain Oilfield in Bo Zhong

A certain oilfield in Bozhong has experienced multiple volcanic eruptions, with developed fractures in igneous rocks and frequent drilling leaks; In the early stage, 7 out of 8 exploration wells experienced 23 leaks, resulting in losses of over 24 million yuan. In response to the high risk of leaks in the igneous rock development area of this block, based on the concept of geological engineering integration, an innovative key technology for preventing leaks in igneous rocks in a certain oilfield in Bozhong was proposed, with "pre drilling prevention, monitoring while drilling, and rapid plugging" as the core. Through 30 on-site construction operations, a new operational approach was provided for the problem of leaks in igneous rock formations, effectively reducing drilling risks and costs.

The Potential of Graphene Electronics in Environment

The Earth’s environment has been severely damaged, necessitating urgent protection measures. In this context, graphene, a highly popular material, shows promising potential for application in environmental protection. Drawing from previous studies, this article will provide a concise overview of graphene’s remarkable characteristics, such as its high conductivity, large surface area, and exceptional strength. It will then explore how graphene and its derivatives can be utilized in the environmental field, focusing on its structure and surface area, which are key to its effectiveness.The difference between activated carbon (AC) and graphene is also discussed to highlight graphene’s unique advantages. New technology is able to apply graphene family in cleaning up water and soil by obsorbing ions through its chemical properties. the report also addresses the current limitations and challenges associated with the widespread utilization of graphene, highlighting areas for further research and development. Building upon these insights, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of graphene’s potential in environmental remediation.

Assessing Tourism Resources: Inputs for Municipal Tourism Development Plan in Libona, Bukidnon

The COVID-19 pandemic presented a challenge to global tourism, prompting a shift towards local tourism. It presented an opportunity in Libona, Bukidnon as means for economic recovery. This study aims to establish a comprehensive tourism profile for the municipality of Libona, Bukidnon, to support sustainable tourism development planning. Utilizing a combination of primary and secondary data, including interviews, field visits, and stakeholder consultations, the study assesses the current state of tourism enterprises, infrastructure, market profile, and human resources in the region. Key areas for development and strategic interventions are identified through a SWOT analysis. The findings emphasize the need for accurate tourism data and informed planning to balance economic growth with the preservation of socio-cultural values and environmental sustainability. The study provides actionable recommendations to enhance the local tourism sector, ensuring long-term benefits for the community and stakeholders.

Research and Applications of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) technology has been developed in the field of underwater surveying over the past decades. Today as climate change and the energy crisis becoming increasingly urgent matters. Simultaneously, as technology is moving towards data-driven digitization, AUV technology is expanding into several other fields. This paper provides an overview of the current development of AUVs. It discusses the strength of AUV technology, such as high survey accuracy, large operational range and low operational costs compared to other surveying methods. It also addresses limitations, including battery technology constrains and wireless communication challenges. This paper will also introduce future areas of development based on the limitations, such as fuel cell, underwater scanning and mapping, underwater autonomous navigation, and bio-mimicry technology. Finally, based on the currently technology developments of AUVs, discuss the currently fields of application such as oceanography, underwater mapping and imaging and future fields of applications such as fisheries and use in underwater industrial inspections.

Realization of Integrated Regional Ecological Management Based on Ecosystem Service Supply and Demand Flow Networks: An Example from a Dominant Mineral Resources Development Area

Understanding the flow processes and pattern optimization of ecosystem services (ESs) supply and demand is crucial for integrated regional ecological management. However, the understanding of the flow process of ESs at the 1 km grid scale is still limited, especially in areas dominated by mineral resource development. The landscape in these areas has undergone significant changes due to mining activities. It is urgent to construct a regional management model that integrates the flow of ecosystem services and mine restoration. This study developed a framework that links ecosystem service flows (ESFs) and ecological security patterns (ESP) based on multi-source ecological monitoring data, constructed an ES supply-demand flow network through the flow properties, and determined the sequence and optimization strategies for mine rehabilitation to achieve integrated regional management. The results show that, except for food production (FP), other services were in surplus overall, mostly in synergistic relationships, but the spatial distribution of their supply and demand was not coordinated. Surplus areas were located mainly in the eastern woodlands, and deficit areas were located in the northwestern production agglomeration centers, suggesting that areas of supply-demand imbalance can be mitigated through ecological integration. Among these, water yield (WY) had a small number of sources and sinks and is limited in area range. Habitat quality (HQ) sources and sinks had the largest area coverage and the highest number. The distribution of ESF corridors, influenced by factors such as the number of sources and sinks, flow characteristics, and spatial resistance, varied significantly. HQ exhibited a more uniform distribution range, while WY had a longer average length of flow path. Overlaying ecological and mining factors, we identified ecological strategic spots, important supply areas, beneficiary areas, and mine priority restoration areas to further optimize the overall layout and rationally allocate the intrinsic structure of the patches based on ES supply and demand.

Chorionicity and Psychomotor Development From Infancy to Childhood: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Twins lag behind singletons in their early psychomotor development, but little is known about how chorionicity affects this difference. We compared early psychomotor development in singletons, monochorionic (MC) twins and dichorionic (DC) twins. Our longitudinal data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS; see Appendix) included 98,042 singletons, 577 MC twins and 1051 DC twins representing the general Japanese population. Chorionicity was evaluated by ultrasound images and complemented by postnatal pathological examinations. Five domains of psychomotor development were evaluated at 6 time points from 6 months to 3 years of age using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3). The data were analyzed using linear regression models. Twins lagged behind singletons in all areas of psychomotor development during infancy. This gap decreased over time but was still noticeable at 3 years of age. More than half of this difference was attributed to twins having lower birth weight and being born earlier in gestation. MC twins showed slightly delayed development compared to DC twins, but this difference was minor compared to the overall gap between twins and singletons. Twins delay singletons in their early psychomotor development, and this delay is not specific to MC twinning.

Navigating the moral maze: a literature review of ethical values in business process management

PurposeBusiness process management (BPM), as a pillar of information systems (IS) research, has become more complex with the advent of new technologies, emphasizing the need for moral and ethical perspectives. To foster moral behavior and responsible action, including ethical values in IT systems and processes can be a solid option. By incorporating a socio-technical perspective, we are able to analyze the various aspects of BPM and organizational processes and the incorporated values. We find an overall acknowledgment of the importance of values and ethics in BPM.Design/methodology/approachThis publication explores ethical values within BPM through a systematic literature review (SLR). The study aims to identify the ethical dimensions inherent in BPM and their practical implications in process management and task execution. The methodological approach adopted is a SLR (Boell and Cecez-Kecmanovic, 2015), adapting the PRISMA guidelines (Page et al., 2021) to identify 82 articles from 21 top IS journals suggested by Lowry et al. (2013).FindingsA descriptive framework is developed to explain the use and application of ethical values within business processes. This framework enables practitioners and researchers to categorize and understand the various ethical considerations involved in BPM. It provides a structured approach highlighting the interrelation between process perspectives and ethical values, demonstrating how different BPM approaches may have varying ethical implications. We compare past and future research in business processes, identifying areas for further investigation and theoretical development. A historical analysis of values and literature also helps contextualize contemporary discussions on ethics in BPM, shedding light on the evolution of ethical considerations within this domain.Originality/valueOur study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of BPM, highlighting the importance of considering ethical values and socio-technical perspectives in designing and implementing business processes. These findings contribute to understanding the values associated with different types of processes and their employment and highlight potential areas for future research. Our study provides ethics-oriented research in IS with novel insights by examining BPM from an ethical value perspective. We contribute to the BPM literature by examining which values are applied in which process types from which perspective. In addition, our research suggestions provide food for thought for both research streams.

Innovative housing models to support shared use of space: the case study of Sonnwendviertel Ost in Vienna

Amidst the persistent urban expansion in European cities, the need for high-quality housing for growing populations remains a challenge. Integrating newly developed housing areas into the urban fabric and fostering a distinct local identity pose additional challenges. Despite extensive research in this realm, there exists a gap in the examination of the extent of shared space utilization in new housing developments. This study fills that gap by analyzing the quantity, quality, and diversity of space utilization in new housing projects, focusing on the development processes and maintenance methods. The research, conducted through site and case study analyses of Sonnwendviertel Ost development area in Vienna, underscores that the shared utilization of spaces is closely tied to distinct housing models with varied levels of financing and involvement of diverse actors. Consequently, it provides insights into the housing models and their configurations that best facilitate the development of shared use of spaces in housing construction. This, in turn, is perceived as instrumental in cultivating a more robust neighborhood identity and enhancing the livability of communities, thereby contributing to sustainable urban development.

Experience of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis In Remote Area of Southeast Bangladesh

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem that continues to increase in prevalence globally. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is increasing day by day in low to middle income countries (LMICs). People living in LMICs have the highest need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) despite they have lowest access to various modalities of treatment. As continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) does not require advanced technologies, very much infrastructure, dialysis staff support, it should be an ideal form of RRT in LMICs, particularly for those living in remote areas. To authors knowledge there was scarcity of data regarding CAPD performance in remote area of Bangladesh. This study was aimed to report the characteristics and outcomes of CAPD in ESRD patients lived in least developed area of Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Cox’sbazar Medical College Hospital, Cox’sbazar and Parkview hospital Ltd, Chattogram, Bangladesh. Data were collected by questionnaire from the patients of any age with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who underwent CAPD in 2018–2021. The baseline characteristics, PD-related complication as well as patient and technique survivals were analyzed. Results: Out of 31 patients who underwent CAPD, 18 (58%) were male on the age range of 15–79 years. The mean follow-up duration was 18 months. Mortality was inversely related with the EF of echocardiography. The peritonitis rate was 0.48 episodes per patient per year. The 1, 3 and 4-year patient survival rates were 64.34% (95% CI = 52.5–81.5), 23.79% (95% CI = 17.9 – 57.4) and 3.22% (95% CI = 31.2–77.5) respectively. Conclusions: In this study, CAPD performance was poorer than usual reference. Cardiac compromised patient and inappropriate dwell might be the main contributing factors behind this scenario. The peritonitis rate was nearly similar to that of developed countries. CAPD was cost effective than HD in remote area. Some accessible measures may be taken to make CAPD a more acceptable RRT modality with improved outcomes in poor socioeconomic backgrounds area. J Dhaka Med Coll. 2023; 32(1) : 24-31