Stations In Area Research Articles

Simplified decoupling simulation study of non‐contact voltage measurement in distribution station area

AbstractThe coupling capacitance between the line and the transducer cannot be ignored when making non‐contact voltage measurements on low‐voltage three‐phase power lines. This leads to an increase in the number of unknown capacitances, and the number of correlatable response voltage equations is less than the number of unknown coupling capacitances. In this paper, a simplified decoupling method is proposed based on the characteristics of triangular three‐phase lines erected in distribution areas. Firstly, the equivalent circuit measured by the voltage sensing mechanism during three‐phase operation is established, and the three‐phase line response voltage equation is derived. Secondly, this paper proposes a three‐phase line response voltage decoupling algorithm after designing the decoupling matrix. Then, this paper uses the least squares method to solve the coefficients in the equations. Finally, the three‐phase voltage fluctuations of the actual low‐voltage stations are simulated by simulation. The measured sensor voltage values are substituted into the algorithm to invert and calculate the three‐phase line voltage. The three‐phase phase error is less than 2°. The amplitude error is less than 1.77%. The experiment verifies the stability and accuracy of the proposed decoupling method.

Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Analysis of Ecological Environmental Quality along the Qinghai–Tibet Railway Using Google Earth Engine—A Case Study Covering Xining to Jianghe Stations

The Qinghai–Tibet Railway is located in the most fragile and sensitive terrestrial ecosystem of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in China, and once the ecological environment is damaged, it is difficult to restore. This study, based on the Google Earth Engine platform, focuses on the section of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway from Xining to Jianghe. It utilizes Landsat series satellite imagery data from 1986 to 2020 to calculate the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI). This approach enables large-scale and long-term dynamic monitoring, analysis, and assessment of the ecological changes along the Qinghai–Tibet Railway corridor. The results indicate that (1) the average RSEI of the study area increased from 0.37 in 1986 to 0.53 in 2020, showing an overall trend of improvement. The ecological environment quality is mainly categorized as medium and good. (2) The quality of the ecological environment in the areas along the railway experienced fluctuations during different periods of railway construction and operation. From 1986 to 1994, after the first phase of the railway opened, the overall ecological environment showed a relative decline in quality. From 1994 to 2002, the ecological quality of 60% of the region saw slight improvements. During the extension construction of the second phase of the railway from 2002 to 2007, the regional ecology fluctuated again. However, from 2013 to 2020, during the operational period, a stable recovery trend was observed in the ecological environment. (3) The ecological environment in the study area is influenced by multiple factors. Different railway station areas exhibit strong spatial heterogeneity. The impact of single factors is significant, with the existence of spatial stratification and enhanced interactions among multiple factors. The strongest interactive effects are observed between land use types, the intensity of human activities, and temperature.

Deep fault sliding rates for Ka-Ping block of Xinjiang based on repeating earthquakes

Abstract The seismically active Ka-Ping Block within Xinjiang, China, represents a zone of potential earthquake hazards, and existing surface measurements cannot fully reflect the area’s sub-surface slip rates. To determine these slip rates and characterize the level of hazard that the study area may face in future years, using a cross-correlation of waveforms, we identified 432 repeat sequences along large faults (F1–F5) in the Ka-Ping Block between September 2009 and April 2022 and computed the annual slip rate for every sequence with the empirical relationship of the moment and the seismic magnitude. Spatial distribution images and temporal evolution characteristics of deep deformation in fault zones were constructed. We obtained five asperities in the Ka-Ping Block, the western portion of the PiQiang fault (F4) had a larger yearly slide rate than its eastern portion, and the southwest and eastern areas of the KEP station show an elevated risk of seismic activity within the next two years.

Developing a SmartRail Security System with YOLO and OpenCV

SmartRail Security System is an innovative research designed to significantly enhance security and safety measures within the station. The primary objective of this research is to implement advanced surveillance technology, revolutionizing the security infrastructure of the railway station and ultimately creating a smarter and more efficient approach to protecting the station environment completely. The SmartRail security system prioritizes key features aimed at enhancing rail station security System. It incorporates state-of-the-art missing person tracking capabilities that allow rapid identification and monitoring of individuals with previous missing records within the station premises. The system's goal is to provide real-time tracking and analysis, ensuring proactive measures are taken to prevent and respond swiftly to security threats. The purpose of the SmartRail security system is to combat illegal intrusion inside the restricted area of the railway station. The aim of this system is to create a strong monitoring system by introducing smart monitoring tools. This will strengthen the defenses against unauthorized access and bolster the overall security situation of the station comprehensively. SmartRail security systems go beyond mere surveillance; they promise to redefine safety standards within the station. This smart and efficient approach is deemed essential to ensure the security of staff and the entire station environment.

STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF JAVANESE ORNAMENTS TO INDONESIA RAILWAY STATION (CASE STUDY OF TAWANG SEMARANG STATION, SEMARANG PONCOL STATION, YOGYAKARTA STATION)

Station is a facility and infrastructure used to support train passengers. Development in the station area is expected to be a solution and can optimize the added value of management and can be an alternative to public transportation. Each region has its own characteristics and characteristics. Java is an area that still holds customs and culture. Javanese buildings are synonymous with ethical values and aesthetic values. Variety of Javanese building ornaments in the form of ornaments that have a philosophy as a clue to the level of degrees. But now the value of Javanese culture began to fade along with the times. The application of Javanese architectural ornaments to station buildings in Indonesia is one form of way to maintain and introduce the local culture of an area through building facilities. This research aims to examine the application of Javanese Architectural ornaments to railway station buildings in Indonesia. The method used is qualitative descriptive using a qualitative rationalistic analysis approach. With secondary data collection techniques and utilizing library study data, media analysis, and observation. The results showed that many train stations still use heritage architecture, however, elements of Javanese langgam in the form of ornaments appeared in buildings which are a form of cultural acculturation between countries.

개발 호재가 아파트 분양 프리미엄에 미치는 영향

1. CONTENTS
 (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
 The purpose of this study is to examine how significant the construction of Samsung Electronics' Pyeongtaek Campus and the SRT Pyeongtaek-Jije Station, which are favorable developments in the Pyeongtaek area, affect the premium of apartment sales rights.
 (2) RESEARCH METHOD
 Hedonic price model was used for the factors affecting the actual transaction price, and multiple regression analysis was applied to find out the factors affecting the premium of the actual transaction right.
 (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS
 Model 1 (related to SRT Pyeongtaek Jije Station) empirical analysis showed that variables such as the number of floors, 2021 contract rankings, household parking, interest rates, exchange rates, and Pyeongtaek apartment sales price index had a positive (+) effect. The distance from the SRT Pyeongtaekji Station, a characteristic of favorable development, was found to have the second-largest influence on the dependent variable among the variables.
 Model 2 (related to Samsung Electronics' Pyeongtaek Campus) empirical analysis showed that the number of floors, 2021 contract ranking, exclusive area, number of parking lots by generation, interest rate, exchange rate, Pyeongtaek apartment sales price index had a positive (+) effect. Whether it was completed in 2018, the distance to Samsung Electronics' Pyeongtaek campus, the distance to the school, distance to commercial facilities, and the overall stock index were significant and had a negative (-) effect. The distance from Samsung Electronics' Pyeongtaek campus, a characteristic of favorable development, was found to have the greatest influence on the dependent variable among the variables.
 2. RESULTS
 The results of the study provide basic data that can be used to predict the real estate market when developing station areas around high-speed railway stations by grasping the impact of the opening of SRT Pyeongtaek Jije Station on the premium of the apartments around the area. This is expected to be useful data in grasping the degree of change in the value of local real estate assets and analyzing the development effect when constructing additional transportation facilities in the future

Measuring metro station area's TODness: An exploratory study of Shenyang based on multi‐source urban data

AbstractTransit‐oriented development (TOD) promotes sustainable urban growth by integrating land use and transportation systems around public transportation nodes. Many high‐density Chinese cities have effectively applied TOD. However, studies on TODness in cities with relatively less‐developed metro networks are still nascent. This study developed a new geographic information system‐based method to assess TODness utilizing data from official departments and open sources. We employed 15 sub‐indicators of “Transit (T),” “Oriented (O),” and “Development (D)” dimensions to assess the TODness of Shenyang metro station areas (MSAs). We tested the validity of this tool by examining the relationship between TODness and urban vitality using an ordinary least squares model. Each MSA was comprehensively quantified and organized by categorizing their TODness into five types. The results indicate that the TODness index was closely associated with urban vitality, thereby validating the reasonableness of the proposed tool. Furthermore, the TODness of Shenyang's MSAs presents a spatial distribution of “high, medium, and low” from the urban center to the periphery. The proposed method is expected to enhance the effectiveness of TOD planning by providing a comprehensive and data‐driven approach.

Built environment’s nonlinear effects on mode shares around BRT and rail stations

This study investigates nonlinear associations between built environment (BE) attributes and commuting mode share within rail and bus rapid transit (BRT) catchment areas. Data from approximately 2,790 fixed guideway transit station areas across 34 metropolitan statistical areas in the United States were analyzed using a random forest approach. Results show nonlinear associations of the BE with mode share in transit catchment areas with substantial differences between rail and BRT catchment areas. Rail catchment areas exhibit greater sensitivity to the BE to reduce car dependency as compared to BRT stations. Moreover, polycentricity and population density at regional level are effective at reducing car dependency. We suggest that policymakers consider BE threshold effects and station types when adjusting land-use policies, e.g., in transit-oriented development. Additionally, BRT systems could be a useful alternative to rail in sprawling areas that do not have the compactness needed to support rail.

Modeling of mixed traffic flow and safety evaluation in the upstream area of the bus station

The mixed traffic flow of various types of vehicles at bus station is severe, which has an impact on the overall safety of traffic. Especially upstream of bus station, since buses need to change lane in order to stop at the bus station, it interacts with social vehicles. Thus, in this paper, a two-lane CA model considering the mixed traffic flow composing of buses, cars and nonmotorized vehicles upstream of a bus station is proposed. Through several field surveys, the movement characteristics of the vehicles are obtained and the basic parameters are calibrated. For comparison, five cases about bus stops are studied. Several indexes (i.e. parallel time, blind area dwell time, time to collision, potential collision energy) are analyzed to assess the safety upstream of the bus station. Four safety indices are used to examine, based on simulation findings, the impact of bus station on vehicle safety and the significance of establishing exclusive nonmotorized vehicle lanes and exclusive bus lanes. Finally, several safety-related recommendations for drivers and management are provided. These findings offer a theoretical basis for driver management and optimal design of bus stations.

Mapping of Electromagnetic Field Radiation Intensity in the JL Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Area. Kenangan 05 and the Impact of Health in Society


 
 
 
 Electromagnetic waves are a type of wave phenomenon. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that arise due to changes in electric fields and magnetic fields that oscillate with each other. Electromagnetic waves can be generated, one of the ways, from BTS towers so that they can produce intense electromagnetic field radiation. Health problems resulting from exposure to electromagnetic wave radiation cannot be felt directly. However, the longer you are exposed to electromagnetic wave radiation, the more dangerous it will be to your body's health. The aim of this research is to carry out mapping from measuring the intensity of electromagnetic field radiation in the BTS area and to determine the health impact of large electromagnetic field radiation on the surrounding community. Data processing in this research was carried out using quantitative techniques and qualitative techniques, namely by measuring the intensity of the electric field and magnetic field of electromagnetic waves and evaluating the results of the intensity of electromagnetic field radiation as well as conducting interviews as a public health survey. The data obtained in this research was processed using ArcGis and Surfer software for mapping results. Based on the evaluation and mapping results, it shows that the intensity of electromagnetic field radiation is still below the threshold value according to the 2020 ICNIRP standards. Based on the results of this research, there are no significant health effects occurring in the surrounding community.
 
 
 

Portraying passenger travel patterns for Beijing public transit system with user profiling method

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a guiding framework for studying the travel patterns of PT users. The combination of public transit (PT) users’ travel data and user profiling (UP) technology to draw a portrait of PT users can effectively understand users’ travel patterns, which is important to help optimize the scheduling of PT operations and planning of the network. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the purpose, the paper presents a three-level classification method to construct the labeling framework. A station area attribute mining method based on the term frequency-inverse document frequency weighting algorithm is proposed to determine the point of interest attributes of user travel stations, and the spatial correlation patterns of user travel stations are calculated by Moran’s Index. User travel feature labels are extracted from travel data containing Beijing PT data for one consecutive week. Findings In this paper, a universal PT user labeling system is obtained and some related methods are conducted including four categories of user-preferred travel area patterns mining and a station area attribute mining method. In the application of the Beijing case, a precise exploration of the spatiotemporal characteristics of PT users is conducted, resulting in the final Beijing PTUP system. Originality/value This paper combines UP technology with big data analysis techniques to study the travel patterns of PT users. A user profile label framework is constructed, and data visualization, statistical analysis and K-means clustering are applied to extract specific labels instructed by this system framework. Through these analytical processes, the user labeling system is improved, and its applicability is validated through the analysis of a Beijing PT case.

A Simple Method for Solving the Power Fluctuation Issue of a Base Station’s Surrounding Areas Based on Half Tyler Distribution

This paper proposes array antennas based on half Tyler (HT) distribution that can realize omnidirectional null-free (ONF) beams. Array 1 employs the usual edge feeding approach, working at 3.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 0.25 GHz, whereas array 2 operates at 26 GHz with a bandwidth of 3 GHz. We evaluated the far-field performance of linear arrays consisting of 6, 8, 12, and 16 elements. The simulation and measurement results show that the proposed HT approach can achieve a near-ONF pattern and cover a broad area of ±42° on an eight-element linear array. The ONF beam reduces community power fluctuations and increases power by 20 dBm in surrounding areas of the base station (BS). The fluctuation treatment effect can be influenced by adjusting the weighting of sidelobe depression (dp): compared to the uniformly excited one, for example, the maximum ONF gain of an eight-element linear operating at 3.5 GHz is only reduced by 0.5 dB when dp = −30 and by 1–2 dB when dp = −60.

Optimalisasi Media Below the Line pada LRT Palembang dalam Upaya Perlindungan Kaum Perempuan

Below the line media is promotional media that is active in nature, this media interacts directly with consumers because of its nature which makes it easier for consumers to immediately absorb the message conveyed. Transportation as a medium of communication is a form of change over time. This problem goes hand in hand with the emergence of new media, media with a smaller scope such as Below The Line Media which allows very specific target audience segmentation. Promotional media is divided into two types, namely Above The Line and Below The Line. Above the Line is promotional media which is carried out usually using television, radio, print media, billboards, etc. Below the line media is promotional media which is active in nature, this media interacts directly with consumers. The aim of this research is to find out how Below the Line media is implemented at the Palembang LRT (Light Rail Transit) Station. This research was conducted using qualitative with a descriptive approach, where qualitative research can be interpreted as research that uses data that is objective and appropriate to the existing problems. Bellow the Line media at the station for LRT users is actually effective for LRT service users, for example LRT service users see the existing promotional X-banners and are interested, but for people who have not used the LRT it is actually less effective. And for the protection of women on the LRT, I think it is safe and comfortable considering that at every station there are waiting seats specifically for mothers, pregnant women and the elderly, and in the carriages, there are also seats specifically for pregnant women, the elderly and disabled, and in The trains also have security on duty so that LRT service users feel safe. Below the line media is an important part in introducing a product or service to users and consumers. Optimizing below the line media in an effort to protect women on the Palembang LRT. The use of below the line media in the LRT station environment is optimal for Palembang LRT service users, however for a wider reach, other media are needed to help optimize Below The Line Media, and to ensure security in the LRT area, considering that at each station there are always officers ready to help, and security to maintain security around the LRT station area.

PV output estimation method of power distribution station area based on federated learning framework and improved transformer neural network

In contemporary distribution networks (DNs), characterized by extensive integration of distributed energy, the photovoltaic (PV) power output data from the distribution station areas become crucial for system planning and operational optimization. Since many PVs are installed behind-the-meter (BTM), it is difficult to directly obtain PV power data through measurement devices. Therefore, it is important to estimate the BTM PV power from the aggregating data that can be directly obtained. However, the existing estimation methods usually require centralized large-scale data training, which brings certain privacy leakage risks. In order to solve these problems, we propose a federated learning-based improved Transformer Neural Network strategy to estimate BTM PV generation at the community level with data privacy protection. Initially, enhanced Transformer neural networks, employing a fused-attention mechanism, are deployed to precisely delineate the solar power generation pattern. Subsequently, federated learning principles facilitate the sharing of specific parameters among multiple edge endpoints and a central server. This model bifurcates into two layers: an individual layer, where parameters are retained locally, and an exchange layer, where parameters are collectively shared and conveyed through momentum aggregation. This dual-layer structure effectively synchronizes the capture of both unique and common characteristics. The test on the Australian residential load dataset verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The research on power quality management technology of station area based on distributed photovoltaic scale access

The intermittency, randomness and fluctuation of low voltage distributed photovoltaic power generation bring problems such as overvoltage, harmonic overlimit and reverse overload to rural distribution network, which seriously affect the power supply quality of low voltage distribution network. This paper mainly analyzes the power quality problems caused by large-scale distributed photovoltaic connected to rural distribution network, such as terminal overvoltage, transformer reverse overload, harmonic overlimit, and three phase unbalance. The power quality management strategy of low voltage station area based on distributed energy storage system is proposed, and the power quality management business module of low voltage station area is built based on the power information acquisition system to verify the reliability of the power quality management strategy of low voltage station area. The application effect of distributed energy storage system in controlling overvoltage, reverse overload and harmonic overlimit in low voltage station is verified through pilot construction.

대규모 감염병 이후 회복탄력적 역세권 골목상권 구축을 위한 기계학습모형 기반 업종 다양화 전략

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the contraction of daily external activities has caused a direct economic impact on alley market districts, and it is necessary to build a resilient alley market to prevent the collapse of the local economy. This study aims to derive a market diversification system by analyzing the cluster classification and industry specialization of the market through the pre- and post-COVID-19 sales of alley markets in subway station areas. Based on the flow of sales, the study classified commercial districts into four types: active, recovering, maintaining, and declining. Through the analysis of the LQ index, we found that the more specialized the market, the more it declines and is disadvantaged by the post-COVID-19 agglomeration economy. Furthermore, the diversification index, a machine learning-based diversification system, was established in order to build a resilient market district by deriving the recommended industries for each market. The findings can be used as a basis for providing diversification strategies and as a method for constructing resilient alley markets to promote connectivity between industries in social disaster situations.

The Diversity of Mudskipper Fish Family Gobiidae in Mangrove Area, Seberang District, Tanjung Jabung Regency, West Jambi

Mudskipper fish (Periopthalmus spp) is a member of the order Periophthalmini, family Gobiidae and subfamily Oxudercinae. This fish is known by the names of gunshots, tempakul, timpakul and belacak. Mudskipper fish have a role as a bioindicator in mangrove ecosystems, so its existence and diversity needs to be known. This research is quantitative exploratory which aims to analyze the diversity of mudskipper fish in the mangrove area of ​​Seberang District, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency and determine environmental factors that affect their lives. The technique for determining the sampling station was purposive sampling. Sampling was carried out at 3 stations in two different villages, namely Kuala Baru Village and Seberang Village. The survey method was conducted at 2 different stations. Each sampling station area in Seberang Village is 50 x 20 m, while in Kuala Baru village it is carried out on 2 transect lines with a transect length of 35 meters and consists of 3 plots measuring 5 x 5 m and spaced 10 m between plots. The results showed that there were 2 species of 2 general of mudskipper fish, namely Periophthalmodon schlosseri and Boleophthalmus boddarti. The most abundant type of Boleophthalmus boddarti was obtained with 36 individuals out of a total of 45 individuals. The index of diversity of mudskipper fish species at the three stations was low ranging from 0.3-0.6 and the dominance index ranged from 0.6-0.8. Environmental conditions are water temperature 31-33°C, soil temperature 28-35°C, salinity 13-15 ppt, water pH 6.8 and soil pH 6.2-6.8. DO ranges from 5.9 to 6.8 mg/L, the soil texture is clay type, dusty loam, and clay. It can be concluded that the diversity of mudskipper fish in Seberang sub-district is low, with an abundant number found in the Boleophthalmus boddarti fish species.

Rent growth near rail stations after the Great Recession

This study provides an incisive analysis of U.S. rail station area rent trends from 2012 to 2016, post-Great Recession. Utilizing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Hierarchical Spatial Autoregressive (HSAR), and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models, it uncovers complex interplays between rent changes and socioeconomic, as well as built environment factors. Key findings reveal that increased rents are associated with walkability, higher housing density, and predominantly White neighborhoods. Conversely, rent decreases correlate with diverse land use, higher Black population percentages, and locations further from rail stations or business districts. These results are critical for understanding rent dynamics in transit-oriented development areas, impacting diverse housing market sectors, including workforce and affordable housing. The study’s regional analysis highlights the need for geographically tailored approaches. This research informs policy on housing development and affordability, aiming to mitigate displacement risks for low-income, transit-dependent communities in gentrifying urban areas.

Pedestrian movement with large-scale GPS records and transit-oriented development attributes

Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a widely accepted strategy for sustainable urban planning that encourages walking and transit ridership. Walking behavior in metro station areas is often quantified using pedestrian volumes. However, even in areas with similar pedestrian volumes, the walking distance and time spent within metro station areas may vary. Thus, a more comprehensive approach is required to evaluate pedestrian movement in a TOD context. Accordingly, we developed pedestrian movement indices (PMIs), which aggregate individual pedestrian movement as an area characteristic to capture pedestrian count, distance walked, and time spent based on large-scale GPS data. Furthermore, we illustrated the differences in the relationship between PMIs and TOD attributes according to each index using density, diversity, design, destination accessibility, and distance to transit (or the “5Ds”). A comparison of the three PMIs showed that pedestrian count, distance, and time spent provided different information for evaluating pedestrian movement. TOD attributes’ impact around metro stations varied, depending on the PMIs. These results indicate that policymakers should select appropriate measures to meet their policy aims when assessing pedestrian movement within metro station areas. This study contributes to monitoring pedestrian movement and incorporates pedestrian movement into spatial planning efforts considering TOD.

Numerical study on the airflow characteristics and smoke control condition in stair area of subway stations

As the key facility connecting different floors in subway stations, the smoke control in the stair area has been one of the most important goals of fire protection design. But the detailed airflow field and smoke spread process are rarely discussed. With numerical simulation, this work investigated the airflow velocity distribution and critical condition for smoke control in two critical openings of the stair area, which include the opening beneath the ceiling screen and the opening on the top of the stair. The results indicate that (1) In spatial dimension, the airflow velocity distribution shows a nonuniformity within each opening and a difference between two openings. (2) In the temporal dimension, the airflow velocity shows a normal distribution characteristic. The strong turbulence leads to a dynamic airflow field with an unstable smoke spread process. (3) For the critical opening beneath the ceiling screen, the airflow velocity is dominated by thermal buoyancy or inertia force in different areas. The practical smoke control criterion is to ensure the smoke layer is higher than the edge of the ceiling screen. (4) For the critical opening on the top of the stair, airflow velocity shows an exponential decay distribution. The critical condition could be predicted with a virtual fire source within the stair. This work hopes to present the necessity of dynamic and microscopic modeling of the airflow - smoke flow interaction for an accurate prediction of the smoke control condition in the stair area of subway stations.