Areas Of Curriculum Research Articles

A systematic review of empirical research on learning with3Dprinting technology

AbstractAlthough 3D printing (3DP) technology has become an increasingly popular educational tool in recent years, very little is known about the learning benefits of this technology. This systematic literature review synthesized empirical research on learning with 3DP in various educational settings, focusing on publication and study participants' characteristics, curriculum areas, research methodologies, instructional approaches, educational outcomes and benefits. A comprehensive survey of published and unpublished studies identified 78 empirical studies that met the inclusion criteria. In addition to positive effects on learning, 3DP facilitated innovative curriculum development and created opportunities for cross‐disciplinary research. The findings revealed five major trends in 3DP learning: (1) prepare a new generation of engineers, (2) democratize additive manufacturing technology and production, (3) support learning using low‐cost 3D printed learning aids, (4) produce assistive technologies, and (5) promote creativity and innovation. The review identifies critical gaps in the literature and offers suggestions for future research.

Civil engineer for urban livability, sustainability and resilience

ABSTRACT Urban infrastructures, to fully take advantage of future investments, must first be recognized as interconnected complex systems of systems. This forum paper describes research and education needs that, if properly addressed, could prepare the civil engineering profession to meet the new challenges of urban infrastructure renovation. Among the needs, the objective documentation of the life-cycle performance of constructed systems could leverage novel sensing systems and advances in computer science, tools often untapped by civil engineering programs. Other needs and opportunities involve the design process, perhaps the most important milestone in the development of civil engineers. The topics and needs discussed in this paper could becomecore curriculum areas in newly developed postgraduate and eventually in undergraduate programs. The authors hypothesize that, if the integration of such topics is successful, civil engineers could become true protagonists of the rejuvenation of the US urban infrastructures and future stewards of cities and megacities.

Subject-specific literacy in Physical Education and Health – the case of Sweden

ABSTRACT The overall aim of this paper is to introduce a new way of analysing and understanding the framing and potential of Physical Education and Health (PEH) practice. Focusing on subject-specific literacy, which is defined as an abstract and generalising language, containing words and concepts typical for a specific subject [Nestlog, B. E. (2019). Ämnesspråk – en fråga om innehåll, röster och strukturer i ämnestexter [subject-specific literacy – a question about content, voices and structures in subject specific texts]. HumaNetten Nr, 42, 9–30], we, in this paper, particularly stress and reiterate the need for a verbalised subject-specific literacy of PEH [Larsson, H., & Nyberg, G. (2017). ‘It doesn’t matter how they move really, as long as they move.’ Physical education teachers on developing their students’ movement capabilities. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(2), 137–149; Wright, J. (2000). Bodies, meanings and movement: A comparison of the language of a physical education lesson and a feldenkrais movement class. Sport, Education and Society, 5(1), 35–49]. Since the subject-specific literacy of a subject constitutes a framework for the subject regarding content, pedagogy and assessment, we argue that linguistic analysis is crucial when it comes to better our understanding of PEH practice. Drawing on a linguistic analysis framework, the four most common textbooks used in Swedish PEH practice are analysed. The analysis of the PEH textbooks involves: defining the characteristics of the core concepts, identifying the semantic relations between the concepts, creating hierarchical systems of concepts and exploring what appears as the core content of the PEH subject. The results highlight how explicit ways of talking about all areas of the PEH curriculum are missing [Wright, 2000]. In particular, the results show that concepts primarily relating to ‘sports’ dominate in comparison to ‘health’, and that health content is permeated by a biomedical perspective, which is mirrored in the subject-specific literacy related to it. In addition, the concepts related to sports are specific, often physically palpable and denote dynamic activities, such as interval training, reps [repetitions], sets, HRmax, and static strength, whereas concepts related to health are instead abstract and static.

Enablers and Barriers to Successful Implementation of Cooperative Learning through Professional Development

Literature shows cooperative learning has positive benefits for students’ learning and social outcomes. Even though cooperative learning studies have been conducted in all areas of the curriculum, few studies have investigated whether there are similar effects for students across several curriculum areas or age groups. Moreover, less attention has been given to how professional learning and development (PLD) opportunities can contribute to changes in instructional practice. We illustrate how research on cooperative learning can be translated into practice, through a one-year University-School partnership. The current study is focused on our PLD work in one large private school based in New Zealand. Analysis of school data (quantitative student data and qualitative teacher data) indicated that, by the end of the school year, students reported experiencing more cooperative learning opportunities in their classes. Teachers believed that the PLD supported change in their practice and noted positive changes in student engagement. Analysis of student data also revealed differential outcomes by subject and age group. Overall, our study showed that PLD opportunities can contribute to the successful implementation of cooperative learning.

Problem and project-based learning through an investigation lesson: Significant gains in creative thinking behaviour within the Australian foundation (preparatory) classroom

Creativity is identified as the 21st Century Skills needed for the new economy. Diverse positive developmental outcomes are associated with young children's creativity. Creativity is well documented as not limited to any particular discipline or activity, but most research in the Australian context relates to art, dance and music education. Very little is known to what extent creativity is integrated and implemented outside the expressive arts. Research that links curricular areas and creativity is scarce both in the international arena and within the Australian contexts. In this case-study, I explore how Foundation-preparatory stage children express their creative thinking behaviour across the curriculum within the strategies used by teachers in school classrooms environment. Thirty-five hours of observations, semi-structured interviews, and artefacts data were gathered over five months. Purposive sampling through a local school was selected because the school's motto and mission promulgates partnership that fosters inspiration, innovation, and creativity. Findings reveal that problem-and-project-based learning strategies used in the Investigation lesson immensely aroused children's creative processes. Exploratory thinking, risk-taking, experimentation and being resilient were exhibited in the creative endeavour. Creativity in varying level of occurrence was found exhibited across curriculum but all elements of creativity which is both cognitive and affective were manifested intensely in Investigation lessons. Such engagement is applicable to all educational research, learning and teaching by enabling people to grow ideas together. This offers more informed perspectives around developing creative capabilities across curriculum for researchers, teacher educators and curriculum developers.

What styles of reasoning are important in primary English?

AbstractThe importance of teaching reasoning in schools is widely recognised. Yet this has presented teachers with difficulties, particularly in primary education. Difficulties partially stem from a lack of cohesive theory about reasoning for education and a lack of specificity about it in the English National Curriculum. One route to improved teaching of reasoning is through recognition of the importance and prevalence of discipline‐specific practices. This paper draws on socio‐cultural theory and disciplinary literacy research to argue that some reasoning practices are discipline specific. The theoretical lens of reasoning styles is adopted. A cognitive history approach has been used to create a framework of reasoning styles important in primary English. English represents a curriculum area that is currently poorly understood in terms of its prevalent reasoning practices. This paper, therefore, makes important theoretical and pedagogical contributions to existing research. Examples of student engagement with identified reasoning styles are provided. The framework and accompanying examples will help teachers to support the development of student reasoning, particularly in the subject of English. Developing students’ meta‐awareness of patterns of language use is beneficial. Development may also support students to become fuller members of the English academic community.

A Novel Curriculum Assessment Tool, Based on AAMC Competencies, to Improve Medical Education About Sexual and Gender Minority Populations.

Medical education aspires to mitigate bias in future professionals by providing robust curricula that include perspectives of and practices for caring for sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations; however, implementation of these ideals remains challenging. Medical school leaders motivated to improve curricula on caring for SGM populations must survey their school's current curricula to identify strengths and opportunities for improvement. In 2014, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) published 30 SGM competencies that curricula should address. Here the authors describe the development of a tool to efficiently assess whether an undergraduate medical education (UME) curriculum adequately incorporates the AAMC-recommended SGM competencies. In 2018, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) convened a group of faculty and students with experience and expertise regarding SGM health. The group distilled the 30 AAMC competencies into 12 SGM topic areas that should be addressed in any UME curriculum, and they developed a curriculum assessment tool to evaluate the presence and timing of these topic areas in the BUSM curriculum. This tool was distributed to all course and clerkship directors responsible for the required UME curriculum at BUSM to investigate where these topic areas are addressed (May-June 2019). The curriculum assessment tool identified several strengths in the preclerkship and clerkship curricula, including faculty willingness and enthusiasm to include SGM content. The assessment tool also revealed that some SGM topic areas are underrepresented in the BUSM curriculum, particularly during clerkships. The curriculum assessment tool described here is a straightforward, standardized instrument to map SGM topic areas within any UME curriculum. It is designed to be comprehensible by individuals who are not familiar with SGM health. The tool minimizes barriers to medical curricular change by providing a mechanism to assess and understand how SGM health is incorporated into existing curricula.

SOCIAL EMOTIONAL LEARNING PROGRAM FOR BUILD RESPONSIBLE CHARACTER OF STUDENTS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

The aim of this research was describe Social Emotional Learning (SEL) Program for build responsible character of students in elementary school. The approach for this study was qualitative. The main method of this study was library research that supported with filed research. Library research that referred in this study was an activity to collected data, read, took notes, and processed the data that related with Social Emotional Program in Schools. It was obtained from books, journals, and articles. There are 5 main journals supported by 10 other. The researcher was collected the data from documents, research notes, and interviews. The interviewees are people who have direct contact with Social Emotional Program such as Head of Social Emotional Program Department, teachers, students and parents of Kharisma Bangsa Elementary School. This study used purposive sampling technique. The instruments of this research were document check list, notes, and interview guidelines. Data analysis was achieved through a content analysis technique. The result showed that Social Emotional Learning Program can build responsible character of students in elementary school. It can be obtained by growing social awareness, self-management, self-awareness, responsible decision making, and relationship skills after implementing Social Emotional Learning Program. The Social Emotional Learning Program was effective to build the responsibility by using some approaches there were Explicit SEL Instruction, Teacher Instructional, and Integrated with curriculum areas that supported by several strategies between PATH, RC, 4R’s, and RULER.

Does Education in Oral Health Competencies in Physician Assistant Education Programs Translate to Delivery of Oral Health Services in Clinical Practice?

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which physician assistants (PAs) are educated in oral health competencies and the relationship of education to providing oral health services to patients. The study was conducted in 2016 by administering an Internet-based survey to a nationwide sample of 2014 graduates of programs accredited by the Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant. The survey response rate was 12.7% (N = 304). More than half of the PAs who received education in oral health in their professional education programs indicated that oral health curricula were either integrated into one or several topical areas in the base curriculum or delivered in stand-alone lectures. The majority of PA respondents rated their educational preparation as good or excellent in helping them provide oral health education to their patients (54.8%), make appropriate referrals to oral health providers (53.7%), and provide preventive oral health services (51.2%), while more than 40% rated their preparation as good or excellent in helping them identify oral diseases, conditions, and intervention strategies. More than one-third (35.7%) of all PA respondents reported that they provided oral health services in their clinical practices. PAs who received instruction in oral health competencies through the PA education curriculum or from other sources were 2.82 times more likely to provide oral health assessment and screening services to their patients (95% confidence interval, 1.19-6.67). The PA respondents' provision of oral health services was also significantly associated with working in primary medicine or urgent care practice specialties but not with the work setting. PAs educated in oral health competencies are more likely to provide such services to patients, especially in primary medicine or urgent care settings.

Narrative and analytic literacy: Repurposing reading and writing across the middle years

Researchers have studied the shifts in literacy demands across the school years. In this paper we re-examine those shifts, particularly exploring what we see as some potentially disruptive implications of framing literacy transitions in terms of a ‘movement’ from one fixed ‘stage’ to the next. Specifically, we discuss some epistemological and pedagogical problems associated with taking the central transitional dynamic to be from ‘the narrative’ to ‘the analytical.’ These problems arise mainly, we argue, from an unnecessarily sharp contrast between narrative versus analytical ways of writing, reading, learning, and knowing. We suggest that notions of ‘reparative reading’ offer educators bases for recruiting features of this contrast, for more gradually constructing bridges over some of the literacy challenges that the various curriculum areas present.

Using Open Calais to Identify the Research Areas of Engineering Faculty

To meet the research, teaching, and learning needs of their users, academic librarians, particularly those functioning as subject liaisons, are expected to know the institution’s curriculum and research areas so that they can help shape library strategies to meet those needs and to connect users to the library’s resources and services. The present study investigated the use of Refinitiv’s free web demo, Open Calais, as a text mining tool to help learn about the research areas in the University of Tennessee’s Tickle College of Engineering. We investigated the following research questions: What interdisciplinary research areas in the College does Open Calais reveal? What are the differences in Open Calais’ tagging of Scopus and web pages? What terms were uncovered by Open Calais that were unexpected by the subject librarian? The results showed a mixed picture of the usefulness of Open Calais for learning the research areas of the College of Engineering.

Conhecimento declarado sobre as práticas em Expressão Plástica e Visual

Neste trabalho procura-se aceder ao conhecimento declarado sobre as práticas e desafios que se colocam aos professores e educadores nas atividades de expressão plástica e visual no Ensino Básico em Portugal. Estando hoje a formação de professores, organizada em dois ciclos de estudos superiores: um primeiro ciclo de formação inicial em educação básica e um segundo ciclo de formação especializada com ênfase nas práticas de ensino supervisionada, procurámos estudar alguns relatórios dessas práticas, realizados para obtenção do grau de mestre. Nestes relatórios, os futuros professores apresentam as atividades implementadas em contexto escolar bem como os procedimentos e as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem desenvolvidos com os alunos do ensino básico com a integração das diferentes áreas curriculares.

Art integration applications in middle school 5th class science lesson

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of the use of artistic practices in different curriculum areas on learning skills. For this reason, a plan for the art integration method has been created to be applied in the subjects determined in the science course. The research was conducted with fifth-grade students studying at a public secondary school in Samsun. Consisting of 40 students, the study group was divided into two halves as the experimental and the control group, each containing 20 persons. Research data was collected by a Science Achievement Test prepared by the researcher accompanied by an expert opinion. The findings show that using the art integration method in science course increases student success. Compared to the posttest of the experimental and control groups, it was found that the success rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The research findings indicate that; art integration have a potential to contribute to teaching other subjects. Besides some other suggestions were made in relation with curriculum design and policy making.

A Historical Review of Physical Education in China (1949-2020)

With the drastic changes in the historical context, political and social reconstructions played a significant role in the formation of the contemporary education system in China as well as other countries around the world. Based on the chronicled outline of past revolutions in the Chinese society, this paper aims to provide a broad historical overview of the history and development of physical education (PE) in China since the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. The process of PE reform in China occurred in four distinct stages, including the Initial Establishment Stage (1949 to 1956), the Exploration Period (1956 to 1966), the Regression Era (1966 to 1976), and the Era of Renaissance and Transformation (1979 to present). This historical review describes the development of PE as a curriculum area across these four critical periods and includes an analysis of historical contexts, policies, faculty training, curriculum settings, and pedagogical content in PE. This paper focuses mainly on PE within elementary and secondary schools in China, accompanied by a brief introduction to college PE in China. Through an examination of the four distinct stages of PE reform in China, a comprehensive understanding of the overall development of PE within these historical periods is presented. Inspired by the development of the educational system in China, a touch on the physical education concepts in countries around the world will also be included. The systematic review on international PE establishments serves to provide a general idea of how future improvements can be adapted to the trend of globalization and other potential public transformations.

Sustainability in the Australian Health and Physical Education Curriculum: an ecofeminist analysis

ABSTRACT Inspired by the activism of young people in response to growing calls for climate justice, this discussion examines the rich possibilities to more meaningfully engage with the interconnections between human and environmental health in the AC:HPE. We explore how the Sustainability cross-curriculum priority is articulated throughout the Health and Physical Education learning area of the Australian Curriculum (AC:HPE). Adopting an ecofeminist framework based on the work of Val Plumwood, we follow the current of Sustainability as it flows through the AC:HPE, to reveal the limited ways it manifests, as well as the points at which greater inclusion is possible. Given our analysis, we focus on expanding definitions and interconnections in the AC policy language to resituate Sustainability in more ecological and ethical terms, and thereby activate new pedagogical possibilities for teachers and students.

Self-confidence in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a cross-sectional study of undergraduate dental students at Kuwait University

BackgroundTo evaluate the self-confidence of undergraduate dental students in relation to oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) to assess the teaching curriculum at Kuwait University using a validated questionnaire originally developed by the Association of British Academic Oral Maxillofacial Surgeons (ABAOMS).MethodsA cross-sectional survey of sixth year (n = 20) and seventh year (n = 19) dentistry students was conducted by Kuwait University Faculty of Dentistry between the 1st and 15th of May 2020. The ABAOMS questionnaire is composed of 17 questions assessing various areas of the undergraduate OMFS curriculum. The response options to the questionnaire utilised a Likert scale. Independent sample t-tests were performed to assess the difference in responses between the 2 year groups. Spearman’s rho correlations were calculated to measure the strength of association between confidence in all aspects of surgical and forceps exodontia.ResultsA total of 39 questionnaires were completed by the students. The majority of students expressed feelings of confidence that they have enough knowledge to undertake independent practice (61%). General aspects of the questionnaire were answered favourably except for surgical extraction of teeth, in which both classes reported a lower level of self-confidence.ConclusionsThe ABAOMS survey revealed the students’ self-confidence in undertaking independent practice and preforming basic oral surgery procedures. Students felt comfortable with exodontia using forceps and elevators, root removal, managing acute pericoronitis, managing haemorrhage from a socket, assessing impacted teeth, and recognising the clinical features of potentially malignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity. They reported a lower level of confidence in performing surgical procedures.

Learning Transfer Exploration Model from Skill Institute to Workplace, PLS-SEM Approach

Skills and job mismatch issues have become common and recurring issues in Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET). This issue is associated with the transfer of learning that involves various factors such as the area of training, certification level, curriculum, instructors, facilities and resources and industry recognition. In line with the Baldwin & Ford model, learning transfer involves three major factors such as the trainee’s characteristics, the training design and working environment. Therefore, identify the factors which contribute to the effective transfer of learning is necessary. This study attempts to identify which factors are contributing to learning transfer based on National Occupational Skill Standard (NOSS) system in skill institutes in Malaysia to workplace. This is because the lack of relevant studies related to the learning transfer on the NOSS system and at once makes it difficult to emphasize the factors to be considered for effective transfer of learning. The design of the survey study through the distribution of questionnaires to 309 Malaysian Skills Certificate trainees was done to generalize the study findings. This study used the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) tool to validate the model. PLS-SEM is choose because it can predict and explain constructs target. Then it can explore the relationship between the construct. Besides that, PLS SEM is chosen because this method can be done on complex structure equation model that consists more constructs and indicators. PLS-SEM can also control both a reflective and formative constructs. Findings indicate that work environment and training design positively influences learning transfer be represented by generalization and retention construct. The findings provide useful insight and information regarding the learning transfer that correlate with mismatch issues that policy makers, training provider, employers and trainees need to consider to produce highly skill workers subsequently completed this skills mismatch issue.

Primary School Children's Interaction with Library Media: Information Literacy in Practice


 
 
 In the context of a study of professional development in relation to information literacy, children at four primary schools were observed as they worked with a variety of media in various curriculum areas. The challenges they encountered are discussed against the bund of the teachers' understanding of information skills and resource-based learning.1
 
 
 
 Educators and librarians have acknowledged that the skills that constitute information literacy are becoming crucial to everyday life. However, it is suggested by some that students in general are not being equipped to meet those demands in the 1 990s any better than they were in the 1980s. For example, since 1981, when Marland published Information skills in the secondary curriculum, there have been many initiatives to develop and promote the teaching of information skills in schools. Much of the widely disseminated research prompted by that report and reviewed by Rogers (1994), confirms that the original working party recommendations remain relevant today. Indeed, Rogers quotes extracts from British government reports which suggest the overall picture in schools has not changed significantly at all.
 The fact is that library and study skills have been taught in schools for nearly a hundred years, but many students still cannot easily find and critically use information. In some schools, information literacy is enhancing teaching and learning, but the information age has yet to reach others. Information technology and pressures on library resources and services can, in this context, be seen as a catalyst for critically examining teaching techniques necessary for fostering information literacy.
 Poor performance in finding and using information has in the past been attributed to a lack of explicit classroom attention to the cognitive aspects of the task (e.g. Irving, 1985; Kuhlthau, 1987). Yet the thinking underlying information literacy may be hidden from teachers and few studies illuminate process issues from the viewpoint of the students themselves. Further, whereas twenty years ago we focused on getting our most able students to think critically and do "research projects" at school, we now face the challenge of helping our least able students to solve information problems efficiently. Consequently three factors are of central concern in developing information literacy. One is the nature of information literacy itself, the second is teachers' understanding of that concept and the third relates to the conceptions of inexperienced information users.

Breve historia del diplomado de fotografía de Maracaibo

The Maracaibo Photography Diploma completed ten years of uninterrupted teaching activities last year, during which time it has carried out ten cohorts and graduated just over 300 people. In the curricular area, it is made up of three modules of ten classes each and 40 academic hours, giving a total of 30 study meetings and 120 classroom hours. The order in which the modules are taught is as follows: History, Equipment Management, as well as Composition and Aesthetics; promoting throughout all of them, in a transversal way, the values ??of ecological conservation, the search for social justice and the preservation and dissemination of Venezuelan culture. In the essay that we present below, we wanted to document both the most important achievements obtained, as well as the main vicissitudes faced.

Aspectos históricos del teorema fundamental del cálculo y posibles mediaciones tecnológicas

Este artículo presenta aspectos históricos del Teorema Fundamental del Cálculo (TFC) que podrían ser mediados por herramientas tecnológicas. Esta exploración pretende identificar en los argumentos de Newton y de Leibniz, un potencial heurístico para ser incorporados en ambientes de aprendizaje del cálculo en las universidades. Se presentan los resultados de una exploración de actualización de los argumentos de Newton y de Leibniz con la mediación del software matemático Geogebra. Los resultados de esta exploración articulan factores históricos y tecnológicos del TFC, que podrían usarse de manera curricular, por ejemplo, en el diseño de tareas para la formación universitaria.