Cultural Heritage Areas Research Articles

Auralization: An Experimental Approach to Understand the Soundscape of the Past

The soundscape attempts to understand the perception of the acoustic environment in a context. However, the soundscape, especially in assessing the perception of the acoustic environment in the context of historic areas, has limitations. While a comprehensive understanding of the present and past acoustic environment is crucial, audial recordings of the past are not recorded properly. Therefore, this paper aims to explore auralization, as an approach to represent acoustic environments in the past. In this study, participants were stimulated with various historical literature and photographs to compose the acoustic environment of the past. Although there have been limitations to authenticating acoustic environmental compositions, auralization models can be used as a basis for soundscape research from the past. This approach opens new discussions in historic soundscapes and the preservation of cultural heritage areas. Keywords: Acoustic Environment, Auralization, Heritage Area, Historic Soundscape, Preservation

Cultural landscape management in context: Local communities' perceptions under Jadar mineral extraction project in Serbia

In 2004, a new lithium-rich mineral, 'jadarite', was discovered in Serbia. In 2020, the government of Serbia and mining giant Rio Tinto announced a plan to extract lithium, which sparked massive environmental protests across the country. In this paper, we study perceptions of local communities towards Jadar mineral extraction project, which is planned in the zone of the cultural landscape ‘Tršić Tronoša’.We employed a household-level face-to-face survey, conceptually following the sustainable livelihood approach. Results shows that local communities anticipate negative changes in environmental quality, lifestyle, and activities such as agriculture and tourism, which are seen as vital for future development compatible with the cultural landscape conservation goals. Local communities perceive a bias towards private companies by the government authorities, driven by economic interests that, as seen by locals, may also be influenced by international political pressures. Other factors, such as lack of participatory approaches and non-transparent communication were also negatively perceived. We argue that mineral extraction planning in high biodiversity and cultural heritage areas is sensitive because local communities are strongly tied through historical activities and traditions to the landscape and are not willing to trade off their environment for the economic benefits that the mineral industry could bring.

Innovative and Inclusive Spatial Development Model of World Cultural Heritage Site: A Case of Subak Jatiluwih-Bali

The development of world cultural heritage areas into tourist attractions often faces land conversion problems, social and environmental pressures. The phenomenon of migration, exclusivity and loss of local characteristics cannot be avoided. Therefore, studies are needed that are able to find better solutions for developing world cultural heritage areas in order to achieve sustainability. This research aims to examine Subak’s participation in preserving the world cultural heritage area in Bali and develop appropriate strategies for the sustainability of this site. Data was analyzed using the SWOT method. The research results show that farmer participation in preserving world heritage sites is at a high level. There are several weaknesses in developing cultural heritage areas in Jatiluwih, namely the lack of variety of tourist attractions and climate change which threatens rice planting patterns in rice fields. Even though farmers feel the impact of climate change, they have not yet made changes to planting patterns as an effort to adapt to climate change so that it will have an impact on the quality of crops in the future. Innovative and inclusive spatial models must be based on climate change, IoT developments and the image of the subak world cultural heritage site.

Implementation of TOD Concept on Gondangdia Station Area and the Influence on Menteng Heritage Area

The Gondangdia Station area is one of the areas where the TOD concept development has been implemented in Jakarta. This station is located in the Menteng area which is a cultural heritage area. This study aims to explain the application of the TOD concept in the Gondangdia Station area physically and see its impact on the Menteng cultural heritage area. Search data using a field survey method by observing the urban environment along a radius of 1 kilometer from Gondangdia Station. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of 8 aspects of TOD from ITDP and looks at the effect of the implementation of the TOD on the Menteng cultural heritage area. The results showed that of the eight aspects of TOD that were evaluated, most of them were available, but not all aspects met the existing provisions. Aspects that need to be completed and improved are transit facilities, bicycle lanes, and activity zoning integration (mixed land use). The existence of TOD-based development in the Menteng cultural heritage area generally has a positive impact on accessibility and environmental improvement. Unfortunately, the historical buildings there are less integrated with other TOD elements.

Public Space as Urban Cultural and Tourism Education Facility with Historical Atmosphere

The Old City area, which is a part of Jakarta City has become the symbol of Batavia's historical greatness. Batavia is also known as the Queen of The East due to its beauty (Brill, 1993). From its long historical record and the abundant number of historical heritages, Old City area revitalization efforts have become a priority in DKI Jakarta Governor’s work programs. Based on Law Number 26 Year 2007 regarding Landscapes, Jakarta should own 30% of green open spaces in its administrative area. However, Jakarta only provides 10% of green open (Hariyawan et al., n.d.). The small amount can also be seen in the Old City area with a small portion of green open space or public area. The Old City area of Jakarta is now filled with illegal dwellings and abandoned buildings which are often used by migrant communities as their residences. This situation creates irregularity and discomfort for the people. Old City area is a cultural heritage area, which is often utilized as a gathering area for artists with routine activities such as photographers, mural artists, and theatrical actors. However, these communities often face difficulties due to limited facilities in the area. Based on the policy analysis of historical cultural heritage preservation of the Old City area in Jakarta, we can conclude that revitalization efforts aim to provide public open spaces by optimizing their functions, and comforts, while also bringing back the historical heritage atmosphere. The goal of this design is to shape interaction space patterns that are in accordance with the local art communities so that they can have their own working spaces. The method utilized in this research was a qualitative descriptive and case study methods, which were implemented in the Old City area. The revitalization of the Old City area in Jakarta has the potential to improve it as urban tourism and art education, which is also integrated with green open space that functions as social space. The involvement of communities in the area is also important in assisting the organizing, driving, and supervising efforts of public areas.

The contribution of archaeoparks to cultural heritage awareness: The case of Bursa Hisar

The pressing need to protect archaeological sites amidst rapid urbanization is a global concern. These sites, vital to our cultural heritage, face threats from advancing urban development, especially in historically layered cities. Accurate understanding and contextualization of artifacts from various eras are crucial. Preservation efforts must extend beyond physical continuity and relics to include integration into urban socio-economic and socio-spatial contexts. This holistic approach aids in interpreting layered cities and promoting heritage awareness. This study focuses on the ArchaeoPark initiatives in the Hisar Region, a significant part of Bursa’s cultural landscape. It serves as an example highlighting the importance of preserving archaeological sites and their original artifacts within urban environments. This preservation and display within the city enhance the awareness and understanding of both residents and visitors regarding these valuable cultural assets. Public participation in heritage conservation fosters greater recognition of the importance of these sites, leading to more sustainable preservation efforts. Bursa and its surroundings are key archaeological sites in Anatolia, showcasing a layered urban history. The chosen Hisar region has the potential to unveil this history, becoming a vital cultural heritage area in Bursa. After stressing the importance of urban archaeological heritage conservation, the study delves into pertinent conservation methods. It introduces Bursa as a significant cultural landscape, emphasizing ArchaeoPark activities and excavated artifacts in the Hisar region. Lastly, it offers recommendations to boost the role of Hisar ArchaeoPark in cultural heritage awareness and preservation. This study aims to contribute to efforts focused on increasing cultural heritage awareness, which is a vital aspect of heritage conservation and management, despite being a time-consuming process. The conservation and presentation of archaeological sites within urban areas, exemplified by the ArchaeoPark in the Hisar Region, play a pivotal role in safeguarding our cultural heritage for future generations.

Peran Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Melestarikan Situs Budaya (Studi Kasus Petilasan Tribuana Tungga dewi di desa Klinterejo Kecamatan Sooko Kabupaten Mojokerto)

Mojokerto Regency is one of the areas in East Java which has historical heritage. It is not surprising that the district has many historical relics, such as the Petilasan Tribuana Tunggadewi in Klinterjo Village, Sooko District, Mojokerto Regency. This study uses a qualitative method. Technical analysis of this data using descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique uses the snowball method with four informants. Source of data obtained based on primary data and secondary data. To collect data researchers used observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data analysis model used is data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This study aims to determine the form of the role of local governments in preserving cultural sites up to their utilization and also to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors in preserving cultural sites. The results of this study indicate that there are several stakeholders who are responsible for preserving the Tribuana Tunggadewi ruins, where the Tribuana Tunggadewi ruins are included in the National Cultural Heritage Area (KCBN). This is what plays an important role in the preservation of the ministry, this has been regulated in the Cultural Heritage Law No. 10 of 2011. As is the case in excavations where this is carried out by the East Java Region XI Cultural Preservation Center (BPK) under the supervision of the ministry, this makes the Mojokerto district government in its utilization was hindered by regulations from the ministry, but the existence of this partition did not make the role of the Mojokerto district government hands off as a regulator such as outreach to the residents of Klinterjo village in collaboration with the local village government and also from BPK region XI East Java. While the facilitator is like in making roads leading to the petilasan area or supporting facilities such as building a prayer room in the petilasan area, toilets, and the pavilion. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the preservation of the Tribuana Tunggadewi ruins has stakeholders who oversee the preservation of cultural heritage, both from the central, district and village governments.

Penta-Helix Collaboration Model in Community Development (Batik Making in Sangiran)

The Sangiran site is one of the largest Early Man sites in the world. The Sangiran site is located in Sragen and Karanganyar Regencies. Because of its content which has high historical and scientific value, the Sangiran Site is designated as a Cultural Heritage area. In addition, UNESCO has designated Sangiran as a World Cultural Heritage. However, the local community has not used it optimally, so community empowerment is needed. Cross-stakeholder collaboration is one of the keys to successful development, as well as in community development. This study aims to build a penta-helix collaboration model in the Batik community in Sangiran by highlighting the characteristics of the Sangiran site as a batik motif. Using the penta-helix concept consisting of government, academia, private sector, community, and media. Using qualitative research methods with participatory action. Batik is one of the potentials of local residents who work as batik makers but have not been maximized to produce batik characterized by the Sangiran site while at the same time increasing financial welfare. Through the penta-helix model, it is hoped that it can realize the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in achieving accelerated economic development for the Sangiran village community.

Geo-Environmental Analysis on Specifying Solar Energy Power Plant (SEPP) Fields by GIS and Different Fuzzy AHP Methods

The use of solar energy among renewable energy sources has started to turn out widespread due to its potential, practicality of use and environmental friendliness. In assessing the installation sites of solar energy power plants (SEPPs) economic, social and environmental elements should be taken into consideration, and cultural and paleontological heritage areas should not be damaged. In order for decision-makers to show own predilections in some ways, the subject of this investigate is to specify the convenient fields for SEPP installation in Yalova province with all its districts by using different methods of Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Processes (BAHP) together with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). According to the results obtained, it has been seen that Yalova province has convenient filelds for SEPP sites in the center and east, including the Central and Çiftlikköy districts.

Religious tourism scholarship: current state and future research directions

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the knowledge domain and development trends that appear in the scholarly corpus on religious tourism.Design/methodology/approachThe most common themes evolving in the religious tourism research field are figured out by conducting keyword and trend analyses using the bibliographic data collected from 988 research articles published in Social Science Citation-indexed journals listed in the Web of Science database between 1992 and 2022.FindingsIt has been found that the number of publications has increased exponentially. European countries are the major contributors to religious tourism research. Research has mainly clustered around the areas of spiritual experience, identity, cultural heritage, pilgrimage, tourist attitude, behavior and satisfaction. Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism are religions that have received relatively little research attention.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should focus on the sustainability of religious tourism sites, mitigating the adverse impact of the commercialization of religious tourism products and recovering religious tourism activities from the COVID-19 impact.Practical implicationsThe findings are useful for corporate practitioners, site managers and entrepreneurs to take advantage of the valuable opportunities this segment offers. These findings are useful for scholars and policymakers in acquiring the latest knowledge of developments in this field.Social implicationsThe insights obtained by using a holistic approach are valuable for religious tourists who want to understand the importance of visiting religious sites.Originality/valueThis study identifies key themes that have evolved in religious tourism. In so doing, it presents an agenda for pushing this research corpus forward.

Mitosis dan Ritual Mohon Air Hujan di Kawasan Pura Batukaru Kabupaten Tabanan-Bali: Perspektif Ekologi Budaya

Batukaru Temple Cultural Reserve is one of the Kahyangan Jagat (State Temple) in Bali, and its area has been designated by UNESCO (2012) as one of the World Cultural Heritage of Bali. This study aims to reveal the meaning of the ritual of asking for rainwater (pakelem ritual) for traditional farming communities (subak) in the Batukaru Cultural Heritage Area of Tabanan Regency. The study was conducted by collecting data through observation, interviews, and literature study. The collected data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively using the cultural ecology approach. Successively, sacrificial rituals and offerings (mapag/mendak toya rituals) are performed every year. In the pakelem/pangeleb ritual at Lake Tamblingan, the sacrificial means offered is sudamala buffalo (kebo ius merana). The implementation of the mendak toya and pakelem rituals every year in different places implicitly represents the knowledge of farming communities (subak) related to natural ecosystems that are interdependent, namely in particular water ecosystems related to climate (rainfall), mountain and forest ecosystems (wana-giri), watersheds and lake ecosystems. Implicitly these rituals reflect the awareness of the farming community (Subak) on the importance of water resources for agricultural life and other interests.

Sustainable Aspects in the Peunayong Heritage Area

Peunayong is a trading area in Chinatown village. It has also been designated as a cultural heritage area in Banda Aceh City. The sustainable aspects of the Peunayong area need to be considered so that the area's historical value can still be enjoyed in the future. This study aims to discuss how the Banda Aceh City government has acted to preserve environmental functions and the sustainability of City development for a long time in terms of sustainability aspects. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods and field observations. The City Government has designated the Peunayong area as one of its strategic areas, and it needs preservation according to the Banda Aceh RTRW No. 4 of 2009-2029. strategic area of the City, where spatial planning is prioritized because it impacts economic, socio-cultural, and environmental sustainability. Article 69 RTRW Banda Aceh No. 4 of 2009-2029 mentions the City's strategic efforts with the development of a waterfront city.

Overview of the Law Number 5 Of 2017 About Cultural Advancement for Managing Cultural Heritage Kawal Darat Shells Hill (BKKD) Area in Bintan Island

This paper examines management policies in the cultural heritage area of the Bukit Kerang Kawal Darat (BKKD) Site based on Law No. 5 of 2017 concerning cultural promotion. The BKKD site is indicated not to have progressed in the region, even though it has been more than ten years of research and management studies. This law is considered to be in synergy with Law No. 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage for the realization of site management which leads to an increase in the economic and socio-cultural value of the surrounding community. This paper uses inductive reasoning that starts from the discussion of each observation, interview, and literature study. The data are analyzed and interpreted until a hypothesis is formulated that the two laws are not contradictory and mutually supportive, with some notes to be considered.

Content Analysis on Urban Heritage Resilience in The Covid-19 Era

Cities are currently facing many difficulties and challenges from the effects of climate change, population growth, infrastructure, cyber attacks, to disease outbreaks. The Malioboro area is a tourist, cultural, and economic center in Yogyakarta. The Malioboro area is also one of the cultural heritage areas in the Special Region of Yogyakarta based on the Governor's Decree No. 186/2011. The Covid-19 pandemic is a newly discovered type of coronavirus which is a new virus and disease that was previously unknown before the outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and did not take long to spread to all corners of the world (WH0,2020)., including in the cultural heritage area. This paper raises research on the resilience of cultural heritage to hazards in cultural heritage areas with the aim of research as an effort to preserve cultural heritage areas with the method used is Content Analysis by collecting literature studies related to the extent to which Urban Heritage Resilience has developed to date. especially in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Content Analysis; Covid-19; Malioboro; Urban Heritage Resilience

Daylight And Artificial Lighting Integration In Achieving Lighting Uniformity In Educational Building

Cities are currently facing many difficulties and challenges from the effects of climate change, population growth, infrastructure, cyber attacks, to disease outbreaks. The Malioboro area is a tourist, cultural, and economic center in Yogyakarta. The Malioboro area is also one of the cultural heritage areas in the Special Region of Yogyakarta based on the Governor's Decree No. 186/2011. The Covid-19 pandemic is a newly discovered type of coronavirus which is a new virus and disease that was previously unknown before the outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and did not take long to spread to all corners of the world (WH0,2020), including in the cultural heritage area. This paper raises research on the resilience of cultural heritage to hazards in cultural heritage areas with the aim of research as an effort to preserve cultural heritage areas with the method used is Content Analysis by collecting literature studies related to the extent to which Urban Heritage Resilience has developed to date. especially in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Content Analysis; Covid-19; Malioboro; Urban Heritage Resilience

A Review of Adaptive Reuse of Urban Heritage: Relevant Lesson from Semarang Old Town, Indonesia

Semarang Old Town is proof of the use of a prosperous cultural heritage area in Indonesia. The purpose of this study contains a study that explains the application of adaptive reuse in cultural heritage areas in Semarang Old Town. The data collection method was field observation and document review, while the analysis technique used descriptive qualitative analysis. The data analyzed in this study were in the form of spatial data and a-spatial data from Semarang Old Town. The study results show that Semarang Old Town is evidence of the successful use of cultural heritage areas. Within five years, the government and the community have succeeded in changing the area that was formerly slum, prone to crime, flooding, and various other social problems into one of the national and international tourist destinations, which also helps improve the socio-economic life of the community. The conservation of the area that has been carried out is in accordance with adaptive reuse theories, which change the function of the building from a residential area to a commercial and office area along with its management procedures which are realized by collaborating with the renovation and conservation method of the building while maintaining the original form of the building.

Water heritage values in the Eastern Black Sea region

AbstractThe Black Sea is a substantial inland sea and has a very fascinating border on the east and west. It reaches into the Mediterranean through the straits, into Europe via rivers, and toward Asia via the Caucasus. The human relations developed through this network has led to the emergence of cultural landscape elements in the region. The natural landscape elements that have developed inherently in the natural beauty of the region have also become one of the most important pieces of heritage in the region. In this region, many uncontrolled practices that have taken place in recent years have rapidly degraded the cultural and natural landscape. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the beauty of nature, which makes the Eastern Black Sea region one of the most significant cultural and natural heritage areas of the world, and to explore its impact on human life in the context of water heritage as well as to address the dynamic risks of losing this beauty. In this study, the recognition of water as a heritage component is conceptually discussed in the context of the inherent cultural heritage and natural heritage. The unifying and integrative power of the multicultural water heritage that the region possesses is explicated.

Analysis of Digitized 3D Models Published by Archaeological Museums

Nowadays, many museums publish virtual versions of the artifacts they keep in their collections in different 3D model viewers available on the Internet. However, despite the wide experience that some of them have in this field, it is still possible to find many virtual models that do not meet the desirable requirements for their publication on the Internet, especially regarding the optimization of the mesh and color textures needed for greater efficiency in the visualization and downloading of 3D objects. In this study, a sample of virtual models of objects belonging to multiple archaeological museums from different countries is analyzed. We considered multiple characteristics of the models, such as the number of polygons that compose them, the quality of the meshes, filter effects applied during post-processing, etc. The results of this research indicate that it is still necessary to make a greater effort to improve the training and digital skills of the professionals in charge of the digitization process in this area of cultural heritage.

Saving two fish with one wreck: Maximizing synergies in marine biodiversity conservation and underwater cultural heritage protection

The oceans harbor critical areas of marine biodiversity and underwater cultural heritage, both of which require active protection and preservation for the future. Here, we consider how the presence of underwater cultural heritage can be used to bolster the conservation of marine biodiversity, and vice versa. We perform spatial analyses showcasing where sea-space of high cultural and natural value overlaps. Subsequently, we identify three potential synergies that could lead to better outcomes for underwater cultural heritage and marine biodiversity: (1) overlap in the definitions of world heritage, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs); (2) synergies between shipwreck management and fisheries management; and (3) synergies around sustainable tourism and livelihoods. We then contextualize our argument using a case study in Indonesia involving the governance of the HMAS Perth (I) wreck and its Maritime Conservation Zone. Our discussions are relevant to marine managers and policy makers, as well as practitioners involved in economic activities that benefit from, and can impact, marine biodiversity and underwater cultural heritage, such as fishing and dive tourism.

Natural aspect of the megalithic cultural heritage area of the Bada Valley (Central Sulawesi): Vegetation composition and biodiversity analyses

The Bada Valley is one of the Lore Lindu Megalithic Cultural Heritage areas, which is one of the first four biosphere reserves in Indonesia. The Bada Valley area offers cultural attractions that combine with nature in the form of cultural landscapes such as handicrafts from bark, hilly landscapes that offer panoramic beauty, and preserve dozens of megalithic sites from prehistoric times as well as tourist cruising areas. The area is surrounded by densely forested mountains and forms one of the most important water catchment areas for the Watershed. However, there is a lack of studies on the vascular flora. No data on plant diversity has been reported, including plant inventory, plant identification, vegetation composition, and biodiversity analyses (diversity index, evenness index, and plant species richness index). The study aimed to determine the diversity index, evenness index, and plant species richness index in the Bada Valley cultural area, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi. This study used an exploring technique with purposive sampling. Additional information was recorded in the form of the collector’s name, collection number, collection date, location, and habitus, which were recorded in the observation sheet that had been prepared. Identification of plants was carried out using the procedure for observing plant morphological characters, which included special features in each class and family or genus down to the species level. The results of the study found the vegetation composition for herbaceous strata (555 individuals), trees (91 individuals), shrubs (64 individuals), and vines (57 individuals). The diversity index value of each stratum is different for trees (H’ = 1.20), herbs (H’ = 1.92), shrubs (H’ = 1.32), and vines (H’ = 0.62). The diversity of plants in the Bada Valley in the tree, herb, and shrub strata was moderate (1.0 < H’ < 3.0), and the encroaching plant stratum had low diversity (H’ < 1.0). The evenness index at the level of shrubs, vines, herbs, and trees has values of 0.95, 0.90, 0.83, 0.61, respectively. The species richness index of plants in the Bada Valley is in a low category (R < 3.5), with R values for herbaceous plants (1.42), trees (1.33), shrubs (0.72), and vines (0.24). Information on plant biodiversity is used as a database for ecotourism development in the Bada Valley Cultural Heritage area. Research data can be used to support the local government in regulating the utilization of the Bada Valley Cultural Heritage area.