Accidents In Areas Research Articles

TRAFFIC ACCIDENT PROBLEM AREA RANTAU BERANGIN- UJUNG BATU ROKAN HULU DISTRICT, RIAU PROVINCE

A traffic accident is an event that occurs in a traffic flow due to an error in the traffic shaping system that involves humans as drivers, vehicles, roads, and the surrounding environment. In this study, the road that was studied was Rantau Berangin - Ujung Batu which was a class III collector road with a length of ± 66.5 km. This study aims to determine the level of traffic accidents in the area to obtain the Accident Rate value on the Black Spot and Black site . The method in this research is a qualitative method to get the value of the Black Spot and Black Site based on the accident rate. The data used are primary and secondary data obtained from the Kampar Police from 2014 - 2018, as well as those related to traffic accidents. The results of analysis of the received data show that the rate of traffic accidents on roads Rantau Berangin - Ujung Batu is relatively high with 24 scenes of the accident, which roads rantau Berangin - Silam be the point most vulnerable areas of traffic accidents with Accident Rate of the Black Spot by 9,767 and the Accident Rate of the Black Site is 1,205. Meanwhile, the factors that cause traffic accidents on the Rantau Berangin - Ujung Batu road section are dominated by human factors themselves, such as driving at high speed in crowds and using other drivers' lanes.

The Mathematical Model of Marine Engine Room Equipment Based on Machine Learning

This study is aimed at reducing the occurrence of oil spill accidents in the engine room of ships and carries out risk prevention for the equipment of the port ships, thereby reducing pollution to the marine ecological environment. Firstly, the concepts and principles of cluster analysis and ship automatic identification system are expounded. Secondly, the data information collected by the ship’s automatic identification system (AIS) is combined with density-based cluster analysis. The accident area and extent at different stages of the ship’s engine room equipment are classified. Finally, cluster analysis is used to evaluate the risk of equipment of the port ship engine room. The results show that there are 43000 ship operation information points in port a, the average operating speed of ships is 9 kilometers, and the fastest operation speed is 16.9 kilometers. In addition, many ship routes in port a need to take risk prevention measures to minimize the impact between ships and reduce the risk of oil leakage in the engine room. The proposed cabin model can easily and quickly analyze the orientation information of the ship and classify all the data into different types according to the surrounding information points. AIS can realize the information transfer between ships and between ship and shore. Information such as the position, speed, and direction of the ship needs to be accurately known to ensure safety at sea. These data need to relate to some terminals and networks to form a maritime monitoring network. The ship AIS based on cluster analysis can cluster the areas where the ship’s speed and direction change significantly in the port area, effectively preventing accidents. Scientific risk prevention measures can effectively reduce the oil leakage risk of ship engine room equipment, improve the working efficiency of marine engines, and provide a strong foundation for the entire marine ecological environment protection.

Effective Safety Message Dissemination with Vehicle Trajectory Predictions in V2X Networks.

Exploring data connection information from vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications using advanced machine learning approaches, an intelligent transportation system (ITS) can provide better safety services to mitigate the risk of road accidents and improve traffic efficiency. In this work, we propose an end-edge-cloud architecture to deploy machine learning-driven approaches at network edges to predict vehicles’ future trajectories, which is further utilized to provide an effective safety message dissemination scheme. With our approach, the traffic safety message will only be disseminated to relevant vehicles that are predicted to pass by accident areas, which can significantly reduce the network data transmission overhead and avoid unnecessary interference. Depending on the vehicle connectivity, our system adaptively chooses vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications to disseminate safety messages. We evaluate the system by using a real-world VANET mobility dataset, and experimental results show that our system outperforms other mechanisms without considering any predicted vehicle trajectory density information.

The impact of heavy object on an underground structure when falling onto the ground surface

At the objects of space infrastructure and at nuclear power facilities there are industrial structures, the main task of which is to protect a person, equipment or machinery from emergencies such as, for example, explosions, falling of various objects, fragments. In accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law On the Protection of the Population and Territories from Natural and Technogenic Emergencies, when calculating such structures, all types of loads corresponding to their functional purpose must be taken into account. So, for structures located in the area of a possible accident and the fall of space rockets, it is necessary to calculate for the fall of the destroyed parts of the rocket engine. For nuclear power plant facilities, such accidents occur when containers and other heavy objects fall on the ground, affecting underground structures located in the ground, and for civil defense protective structures built into the basement floors of buildings, it is necessary to consider situations in which the overlying floors of a building collapse when exposed to there is an air shock wave on them. Therefore, this problem is relevant, and in this study, a finite-element method for calculating an underground structure in a non-linear dynamic setting has been developed when a large overall object collides with the ground.

System Dynamics Modelling for Dynamic Emergency Response to Accidents Involving Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road

For improving the emergency capacities during road transportation accidents of dangerous goods, this paper divides the accident emergency procedure into four subsystems: accident information processing, personnel rescue and evacuation, vehicle evacuation, and rescue materials delivery. On this basis, the causal mechanism and the loop diagrams of the emergency process are established by using the System Dynamics Method and Vensim software. First, six factors including transportation distance, the degree of mechanical modernization, delay time of personnel control, delay time of traffic information release, command level coefficient, and delay time of department arrival are selected as parameters to test the model’s sensitivity analysis. Then, the influences of the abovementioned factors on the observed value, such as the demand gap of on-site materials, number of people in safe area, number of vehicles in safe area, amount of disposal information, and the dynamic evolution behavior of the system, are analyzed. The results show that the transportation distance is shortened by half, and the time to fill the demand gap is reduced by 39%. The level of mechanical modernization is doubled, the peak inventory of materials in transit will increase by 9.2%, and the time to reach the peak will be shortened by 6.8%. If the delay time of personnel control is shortened by 480 s, the number of people to be evacuated in accident area will be reduced by 56. The delay time of traffic information release is shortened by 480 s, the number of vehicles to be evacuated is reduced by 74, and the time when the vehicle stops entering accident area is 1646 s in advance. The command level coefficient increases by 9.5%, and the speed of action execution increases by 9.6%.

Risk Prediction for Winter Road Accidents on Expressways

Road accidents caused by weather conditions in winter lead to higher mortality rates than in other seasons. The main causes of road accidents include human carelessness, vehicle defects, road conditions, and weather factors. If the risk of road accidents with changes in road weather conditions can be quantitatively evaluated, it will contribute to reducing the road accident fatalities. The road accident data used in this study were obtained for the period 2017 to 2019. Spatial interpolation estimated the weather information; geographic information system (GIS) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data identified road geometry and accident area altitude; synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) addressed the data imbalance problem between road accidents due to weather conditions and from other causes, and finally, machine learning was performed on the data using various models such as random forest, XGBoost, neural network, and logistic regression. The training- to test data ratio was 7:3. Random forest model exhibited the best classification performance for road accident status according to weather risks. Thus, by applying weather data and road geometry to machine learning models, the risk of road accidents due to weather conditions in the winter season can be predicted and provided as a service.

Congestion Control for Medical Emergency with Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Using IoT

Traffic is a huge trouble which takes place after an accident. Vehicles in the accident area get congested, moreover without knowing about the accident, vehicles coming from the other roads make the situation difficult for the ambulance to travel and reach the nearest hospital on time. So keeping those problems in mind, an approach that will be able to avoid series of collision and also can control traffic jam using vehicle to vehicle communication.

ANALYSIS OF CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF ACCIDENTS AT OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION FACILITIES FOR 2003-2019

Background The oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation is one of the strategic spheres of the economy, on the sustainable development and functioning of which the welfare of the country as a whole depends. In turn, the harmonious development of oil and gas production is impossible without ensuring trouble-free and safe operation of facilities. The solution to the problem of ensuring industrial safety begins with the collection of reliable initial data on the state of facilities, accidents, injuries, their prerequisites and consequences. Without in-depth analysis, identification of patterns, reliance on scientific knowledge, it is impossible to offer high-quality solutions to improve safety. Aims and Objectives The purpose of the article is to analyze statistical data on accidents at oil and gas production facilities in the Russian Federation and study patterns. Research Objectives: formation of an array of data on accidents and identification of the presence or absence of dependencies between various factors and accidents; determination of the presence of a causal relationship between the results of the work of the production control service of enterprises, Rostekhnadzor and the causes of accidents. Methods To achieve the aim and solve the set tasks, research methods were used: generalization, classification, search for patterns. Methods of mathematical analysis were used to process and evaluate statistical data. Results The general positive dynamics of reduction of accidents and fatal injuries was revealed. The presence of links between accidents and incidents, fatal injuries, damage, the level of oil production, the number of oil and gas producing organizations, administrative fines of Rostekhnadzor, measures proposed by the production control services has been established. The main groups of causes of accidents identified by Rostekhnadzor and production control services for violations have been identified. A connection has been established between them. Conclusions To reduce accidents and fatal injuries, it is necessary to manage violations at the level of production control of enterprises and Rostekhnadzor, not allowing to move into the area of incidents and accidents. In this case the results obtained should be applied with certain assumptions, due to the small amount of data in the samples. Full analysis requires the availability of publicly available expanded information on accidents, their causes, consequences and results of Rostechnadzor's control and supervisory work, as well as time to update statistics.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF OIL PRODUCT SPILLS ON NATURAL OBJECTS BASED ON SENTINEL-2 REMOTE SENSING DATA IN EASTERN SIBERIA

The article analyzes the impact of oil spills on natural objects according to the remote sensing system Sentinel-2 in Eastern Siberia. Remote sensing data analysis is used to detect traces of oil products in the accident area. Conclusions about the usage of Sentinel-2 data for detecting traces of oil products were made.

Analysis Traffic Accident Prone Areas Using Cluster Analysis in Bogor City Based on WebGIS

Traffic accidents are a problem that occurs in various regions in Indonesia, especially in the city of Bogor. Based on traffic accident data obtained from the Laka Unit, the Bogor City Police experienced fluctuating movements. The use of accident data is also not optimal. This makes it difficult to see areas that have a level of vulnerability. To solve this problem, in this study an analysis was made to determine the areas prone to traffic accidents by utilizing the Geographical Information System to map the distribution of locations. The method used to analyze the accident area is using the K-Means Cluster Algorithm. The results of the research conducted showed that the highest level of vulnerability from 2014 to 2019 was in the sub-district of Tanah Sareal on Jalan K.H. Sholeh Iskandar. Several incidents of laka occurred on curves, bypasses, and in and out of vehicles. The result of this research is in a beautiful traffic accident prone area in the form of WebGIS.

Mapping of Blackspots Accident Area at North South Expressway to Produce Expressway Advisory System

The study was carried out to produce an advisory system based on the blackspot accidents mapping at the North-South Expressway (NSE). Blackspots are location where the road traffic crashes have historically concentrated by type of accident in which the accident caused fatalities, severe injuries, minor injuries and damage. This research aims to identify accident blackspot and plotting accident data into a digital map of the study area to produce advisory systems for highway users. The software used in this study namely Google Earth Pro, ArcMap and ArcGIS online. Results showed that blackspot location are known in the form of mapping where it can be performed online. In addition, the path with high number of accident points weightage location were identified and prioritized. By applying Google Earth Pro and ArcGIS software, the advisory system was created, and these blackspot locations can also be easily accessed by highway users. Therefore, the advisory system helps in facilitate the users for trip planning base on the accident status locations as a precautionary measure and initiative to reduce the rate of road accident in expressway.

Investigation on Accident Hotspot Area Using Social Media Data

Fatalities about road accidents become one of the main issues in this country. The precaution step should be taken to create a map of the accident area to create awareness among road users. The problem is data about the accident cases get by a local authority does not provide the specific location of the accident cases. It only shows the number of accident cases in every section in Shah Alam. To solve this problem, data from social media will be used to get the specific location of accident cases around Shah Alam. This research aims to investigate the capability to extract data from twitter for the use of analytic purposes. There are 2 objectives used which is first, to analyse data from social media among the road user about the accident road on the hotspot area for analytic purpose. The second is to produce a map of the accident hotspot area in Shah Alam by using Twitter data. Methods use is divided by two which is one method in terms of coding by using Rstudio and another method is using ArcGIS software. There are 4 analysis was used which is data extraction analysis, data mining analysis, data usage analysis and data achieving analysis were done to produce the 2 types of result which are the location of accident cases that contain specific coordinate and a map of accident hotspot area in Shah Alam. As a conclusion, the objective of the research is successful by producing the 2 types of result and at the same time, the aim of the research was achieved by showed data that extract from Twitter can be used in creating a map of accident hotspot which is one of analytic purpose.

Bridging the gap between engineering properties and grouting reinforcement mechanisms for loess in eastern China: taking Jinan loess as an example

Currently, there is a strong need for urban tunnels to relieve traffic. Hence, the possibility of tunnels crossing complicated geological conditions is also increasing. The study proposes a new grouting reinforcement countermeasure for loess stratum by means of data investigation, experimental study, and field application. The Yuhan Road underground tunnel is a typical shallow buried loess tunnel with small spacing, with large areas of collapse and leakage accidents during excavation. To reinforce the stratum by grouting, geological research on Jinan loess is performed and a close association of Jinan loess genesis and water is observed. A significant distinguish is observed between Jinan loess and northwestern Chinese loess in terms of origin, structure, particle size composition, and collapsibility. By collecting and comparing the engineering properties of loess, it is found that the regional characteristic of loess is distinct and the engineering particularity, especially severe water sensitivity, of Jinan loess is thus clarified. Because of the caused inapplicability of existing grouting theories and countermeasures, the grouting reinforcement mechanism of Jinan loess is thus studied to clarify the comprehensive impact of water during grouting process. A dynamic grouting control theory is proposed to determine the optimal water-cement ratio (W/C) based on specific stratum water content. On this basis, a multibag hierarchical and sequential grouting countermeasure is proposed to treat a collapsed section on this basis. By means of bags and compacted soil, barriers are formed at the boundaries of the treatment area to make the slurry reinforce the target area on purpose. This countermeasure achieves considerable success in controlling the deformation of the surface and vault, ensuring the completion of construction.

Design of risk assessment and decision support system for transportation of hazardous chemicals

According to the needs of risk assessment, path planning and emergency rescue of hazardous chemicals transportation, a risk assessment and decision support system of hazardous chemicals transportation was designed, including system structure, implementation process and main functions. The feasibility analysis of key technologies was carried out. This system took Geographic Information System (GIS) as the support platform, and integrated multi-source information such as hazardous chemicals, global positioning system (GPS), geographic environment, Meteorological information, etc. Based on classical pollution diffusion models and relevant domestic and foreign standards, the index system of transportation risk assessment was built. Then the quantitative index of risk assessment and the early warning sign could be given, and the hazard area of the chemical accident was determined. At last, this risk assessment and decision support system provided suggestions on route optimization for hazardous chemicals transport, which could be severed as scientific basis for emergency rescue and command decision.

Search and rescue station location selection and conceptual design: a case study of western region of Indonesia

The existence of marine Search and Rescue Units (SRU) to support the search and rescue operations currently are not supported by sufficient infrastructures and facilities. The infrastructures and facilities operated by the National Search and Rescue Agency (NSARA) have not been able to cover all working areas. One example is the location of NSARA dock facilities which is in remote area and has a narrow access channel causes duration to get to the area of accident is quite long. In that condition, the coordination among the SAR vessels and crew cannot perform efficiently and effectively. On the other hand, the National SAR Agency regulation No. 14, the year 2015, describes the necessary infrastructures and facilities that must be provided to support the implementation of marine SAR operations. This paper uses Western Region of Indonesia as a case study aiming to determine the optimum location and conceptual design of SAR station. Set Covering Problem method used to determine SAR station location and SAR vessels required, whereas conceptual design of the infrastructures is established based on data of routes and location selected. From the set covering model, we found 10 locations of SAR station, namely Aceh, South Kalimantan, Bengkulu, South Sumatra Bangka Belitung, Riau, West Kalimantan, Central Java, Riau Islands, and Yogyakarta. There is a total of 20 units of ships deploy with the total operation cost of IDR 263 billion/year (USD 18.5 million/year). The minimum dimensions of the berth have a length of 15 m and a width 5 m, while the gangway has a length of 163 m and a width of 5 m. The total cost of SAR station is IDR 8 billion/year (USD 562,390/year).

Training of students on civil protection and life safety in the system of out-of-school education in 1970–2020

The article considers the experience of organizing the training of students on civil protection and rules of conduct in emergencies in out-of-school education and during competitions on life safety in the historical retrospective of 1970–2020. The role of clubs and competitions in the direction of young rescuers as an important component of preparing students for activity in emergencies is updated. In the historical context the main approaches to the organization of competitions are determined. It was established that during 1970–1991 in the system of out-of-school activities, an obligatory event during the children's recreation in the summer camp was the conduct of campaigns and militarypatriotic games with the development of civil defense measures. The program of the game provided for the formation of children’s practical skills to perform actions in the use of weapons of mass destruction, actions on the signals of civil defense, radiation protection measures. Since the 90’s the program of group work and competitions is aimed mainly at practicing protection measures in peacetime, fire protection, skills in the use of personal protective equipment, home care. Chapters of preparation for action in emergencies are included in the curricula of group work in tourism, sports, military and patriotic areas. The list of stages that are most often held during the competition for the direction of a young rescuer has been clarified. These include putting on firefighter’s combat clothing, overcoming the obstacle course, extinguishing a conditional fire, rescuing the victim on the water with special means, wearing a gas mask and protective suit, transporting the victim in the area of man-made accident and the natural environment, providing home care. The author offers a variant of supplementing the program of competitions in the direction of the young rescuer – working off of actions at evacuation of the population.

Road traffic accidents: An overview of data sources, analysis techniques and contributing factors

Road traffic accidents are one among the world's leading causes of injuries and fatalities and hence represent an important field of research towards the use of traffic accident analysis and prediction techniques and the determination of the most key factors contributing to road traffic accidents. This paper aims to provide an overview of road accident data sources, data analysis techniques, various algorithms used to build road accident forecasts, and also their suitability to the types of data being examined with the ease of interpretation. The paper also summarizes the operational problems of road traffic, identifies the risk factors, the efficacy of road safety measures when they contribute to the statistical analysis of the severity of motor vehicle accidents and offers an assessment of future methodological approaches. In this review, different gaps in the road traffic accident area were found and further fields of research have been mentioned.

Quadcopter based emergency medikit delivery system for hill stations

Now-a-days UAV’s are more common for search, rescue and surveillance. A quad copter UAV system is proposed to be used for aerial transportation of medicine. A Quadcopter has a drive chassis having a propeller, ESC, motor, frames and battery. Quadcopter is supported with GPS to know the exact position. To know the exact location and delivering medicine to accident area, an audio and video system is used. The quad frame built from quality materials, which are reinforced and much more stronger, this reduces arm breakage. A set of two plastic propellers, one normal and one pusher (reverse) to rotate and lift up the quadcopter. The brushless out-runner will provide more power with its high efficiency, long run times. The ESC includes programmable motor braking, soft start for helicopters and planes, timing, throttle input range and low-voltage cutoff. Lithium-Polymer (Li-Po) battery for very light weight, small size and durability without losing charging capacity. The whole quadcopter process can be monitored and controlled by a remote control system, quadcopter will capture the live video and current status can be seen visualized and provides information about all the other exact condition in real time.

An analysis of movement patterns in mass casualty incident simulations

BackgroundMass casualty incidents (MCI) such as train or bus crashes, explosions, collapses of buildings, or terrorist attacks result in rescue teams facing many victims and in huge challenges for hospitals. Simulations are performed to optimize preparedness for MCI. To maximize the benefits of MCI simulations, it is important to collect large amounts of information. However, a clear concept and standardization of a data-driven post-exercise evaluation and debriefing are currently lacking.MethodsGPS data loggers were used to track the trajectories of patients, medics, and paramedics in two simulated MCI scenarios using real human actors. The distribution of patients over the treatment area and their time of arrival at the hospital were estimated to provide information on the quality of triage and for debriefing purposes.ResultsThe results show the order in which patients have been treated and the time for the individual arrivals as an indicator for the triage performance. The distribution of patients at the accident area suggested initial confusion and unclear orders for the placement of patients with different grades of injury that can be used for post-exercise debriefing. The dynamics of movement directions allowed to detect group behavior during different phases of the MCI.ConclusionsResults indicate that GPS data loggers can be used to collect precise information about the trajectories of patients and rescue teams at an MCI simulation without interfering with the realism of the simulation. The exact sequence of the deliverance of patients of different triage categories to their appropriate destinations can be used to evaluate team performance for post-exercise debriefing. Future MCI simulations are planned to validate the use of GPS loggers by providing “hot-debrief” immediately after the MCI simulation and to explore ways in which group detection can provide relevant information for post-exercise evaluationsTrial registrationNot applicable.

Parametric Model for Accident Prediction Along Ado Ekiti – Ikole Ekiti Road, Ekiti State, Nigeria

Parametric Model for Accident Prediction Along Ado Ekiti – Ikole Ekiti Road, Ekiti State, Nigeria