The article is devoted to the analysis of the activity of leading research institutions in the field of library science in Ukraine at the present stage. Using the methodological basis of the systematic approach and the content analysis method of scientific publications and open access resources, the author investigates the achievements of Ukrainian librarianship. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main directions of activity of the scientific institutions of the librarian branch in 2010s; the problems of the dissertation researches aimed at improving the activity of the library social institute; the development of professional communication through scientific events and periodicals. Among the main objects of research are the Institute of Library Science, Institute of Information Technologies and the Center for Social Communication Research of the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine; Lviv National Scientific Library of Ukraine named after V. Stefanyk; State Scientific and Pedagogical Library of Ukraine named after V.O. Sukhomlinsky; National Scientific Agricultural Library of NAAS of Ukraine. The article also analyzes the achievements of scientific schools of Kharkiv State Academy of Culture, Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, National University «Lviv Polytechnic». The conclusion is that the main tendencies of library investigations carried out in research centers - leading libraries and institutions of higher education of Ukraine include: the development of interdisciplinary research, in which the library as a social institute becomes an active component of public communications, global information influences; development of researches devoted to scientific and informational support of branch science (educational, agrarian) in the context of European integration and globalization processes; the librarianship investigation from the media space point of view, in particular in the system of public use of social media, or as an equal partner in its creation; increasing attention to interaction and coordinated formation of consolidated information resources of libraries, archives and museums. The study may be followed up as the study of the experience and prospects of international cooperation in the field of scientific activities, especially library science, as well as librarianship issues, which are covered in scientific communication - in professional journals, scientific forums, etc.