Archival Literature Research Articles

From the Franco-Russian Alliance (1894) to the Franco-Soviet Treaty on Mutual Assistance (1935): Two Rounds of Acquaintance with the Fine Art of the Ally

This article considers the emergence of mutual interest in the art of France and the Russian Empire in the period from the conclusion of the Franco-Russian Alliance in 1894 to the Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance in 1935. The author of the article singles out two stages in the appeal to the fine arts of a friendly state: the turn of the twentieth century and the period following 1924 after the recognition of the USSR by France. Describing the first period of interest in the fine arts, the author refers to events that took place in the Russian Empire and in France, organised with the cooperation of French and Russian cultural and art figures. It is concluded that the organisation of numerous art exhibitions in both countries testified to the mutual desire of the parties to get acquainted with the novelties of the art genre of the other, as well as comprehend the episodes of common history (in particular, the war of 1812). Describing the new round of acquaintance with the culture of France and the USSR after 1924 and drawing on sources from the funds of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, the author proves that both in France and in the USSR, interest in the fine arts of each other remained and was fueled by the desire of the People’s Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR to cooperate with France. The work focuses on the fact that it was the smaller exhibitions through which the complementarity and commonality of cultures of both countries were recognised and which were the main place of cultural interaction. The author concludes that despite the different political systems in France and the Russian Empire / USSR, cultural ties between the two countries played a significant role, both at the turn of the century and in the 1920s–1930s, when cultural ties between them became a new impulse due to their respective revolutionary past.

Книги из библиотеки М.А. и Т.Г. Цявловских в собрании Государственного музея А.С. Пушкина

The paper is devoted to the review of books from the library of outstanding Pushkin scholar Mstislav Alexandrovich Tsiavlovskii (1883‒1947) and his wife Tatiana Grigorievna (1897‒1978), and provides information about the history of the library, its role in the scholar and cultural life of Moscow, based on the memoirs of contemporaries, archival materials stored in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, and other printed sources. The article describes a small but significant part of the collection of books belonging to the Tsiavlovskys, with ownership and donation inscriptions, and analyzes the inscriptions and the relationship of their authors with the owners of the library. After T.G. Tsiavlovskaya’s death a significant part of the archive, books and personal belongings were transferred by a longtime friend of the family K.P. Bogaevskaya to the Alexander Pushkin State Museum on Prechistenka. A review of the collection of books in the museum collection includes information on the sources of Tsiavlovsky’s books to the museum. “With hope for his future works on Pushkin,” Tatiana Grigorievna addressed one of the books to the historian Nathan Yakovlevich Eidelman, who later became a famous Pushkin scholar and a close friend of the museum. Among the editions that belonged to him, two copies with stamped exlibris of M.A. Tsiavlovsky were purchased. The article also provides information about some books, reprints of articles from printed editions, abstracts of dissertations — with grateful inscriptions to Tatiana Grigorievna by folklorist A.V. Gurevich, artist N.V. Kuzmin, literary critic, textual critic, and Pushkin scholar N.V. Izmailov, literary critic and Pushkin scholar L.S. Sidyakov and others. Except for the inscript addressed by T.G. Tsiavlovskaya to A.Z. Krein, included in the catalog “Autograph Books in the A.Z. Krein Library,” all the autographs are published for the first time.

“Ferdinand I” Military High School In Chișinău – “National Energy Pool”

After the Union of Bessarabia with Romania (1918), the necessary premises were created for the connection of the education from the province to the national values. The subjects of study were taught in Romanian. In Chișinău, a military high school was set up to form the military and patriotic elite. Based on archival sources, memoirs, period press and literature, it will be presented the process of establishing this educational institution in the second city, by population, in greater Romania, as well as its evolution. Thus, in the historical context, the human resources (teachers, pupils) and the activity framework of “Ferdinand I” Military High School in Chișinău will be highlighted.

Political Islam and Secularism (Turkey as a Model)


 
 
 
 The study explores the intersection of "political Islam" and secularism, with a particular focus on Turkey as a model. Influenced by its historical legacy and cultural diversity, Turkey's social and political landscape provides a compelling case study for understanding the complex dynamics between political Islam and secularism. This introduction highlights the importance of studying this topic, defines the problem of the study, summarizes the purpose of the study, describes the approach taken, and gives an overview of the structure of the study.
 The study adopts an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating elements from political science, history, sociology, and cultural studies. Uses qualitative study methods such as archival analysis, in-depth interviews, and literature review to collect and analyze data. By combining these approaches, the study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between political Islam and secularism in Turkey.
 The study is divided into sections covering the concept of political Islam, the meaning of secularism, Turkey’s unique position between secularism and political Islam, and a synthesis of the main findings and ideas. Through its analysis, the study contributes to broader discussions about the compatibility of religious and secular ideologies in diverse societies, offering implications for both Turkey and other societies grappling with the challenges posed by political Islam and secularism.
 
 
 

Liceul Militar „Regele Ferdinand I” din Chișinău – „uzină de energie națională” –

After the Union of Bessarabia with Romania (1918), the necessary premises were created for the connection of the education from the province to the national values. The subjects of study were taught in Romanian. In Chișinău, a military high school was set up to form the military and patriotic elite. Based on archival sources, memoirs, period press and literature, it will be presented the process of establishing this educational institution in the second city, by population, in greater Romania, as well as its evolution. Thus, in the historical context, the human resources (teachers, pupils) and the activity framework of “Ferdinand I” Military High School in Chișinău will be highlighted.

Записные книжки В.В. Маяковского в академическом прочтении

The paper reviews the results of the project ‘Poetics and Textology of Vladimir Mayakovsky’s Notebooks (1917–1930)’. In the course of the research, we studied manuscripts of the Mayakovsky State Museum (68), the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (4), and private collections (2). On this basis, and with account of Varvara Arutcheva’s work Mayakovsky’s Notebooks (1958), theoretical and practical experience of preparing ego-documents of other writers, the author developed principles relevant to Mayakovsky’s notebooks. In previous complete collections of Mayakovsky’s works, the notebooks were only partially used in the sections ‘Variations and Discrepancies’ and ‘Unused Lines and Rhymes’. The study noted the genre diversity of creative writings. The notes reveal about 500 names from Mayakovsky’s social circle. The author crea­ted a unified digital archive of Mayakovsky’s notebooks. The methodology of their transcribing, copying and commenting validated during the study of notebooks was put to practical use in the Vladimir Mayakovsky’s Complete Works in 20 volumes, where the notebooks have been first published in their entirety as an independent section.

Sejarah Asal-Usul Penamaan dan Perkembangan Kawasan “Okura” di Pekanbaru pada Abad ke-20

This research explores the History, Origin, and Development of the Okura Area, which originated from Okura Estate (plantation) in Pekanbaru in the 20th Century. The study employs a historical method, relying on toponymic analysis. The method includes heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography steps. the techniques for collection the data are archival study, literature review, and interview. Okura Estate is one of the relatively large rubber plantations established by Baron K. Okura during the Dutch Colonial period. The existence of Okura Estate in Pekanbaru during the Dutch colonial period (in the 20th century) reflects life on plantations during that time, the role of the Japanese in the region, the involvement of external labor and the local community, and how these elements intertwined in the past, contributing to the cultural heritage in the Okura area that persists to this day. The research reveals the complexity behind historical, toponymic, environmental, and cultural aspects to uncover the evolution of Okura Estate over time.

‘Pour constituer une “Bibliothèque de Littérature Nègre”’

Arthur Barnett Spingarn (1878–1971) was a Jewish American lawyer who during the early twentieth century built an extensive personal library of books by authors of African descent. In 1937, Spingarn delivered a speech in Washington, DC entitled ‘Collecting a Library of Negro Literature’, which sought to expand his audience’s understanding of black literature beyond the United States. The following year, Spingarn’s address was published in anonymous French translation by the Haitian literary and political journal La Relève (1932–1939). This article is an enquiry into how this translation, entitled ‘Pour constituer une “Bibliothèque de Littérature Nègre”’, was used by editors Jacques Carméleau Antoine, Jean Fouchard, and Jules Blanchet to feed into the cultural debates taking place in Haiti during the 1930s. I focus on two key aspects of Spingarn’s text: firstly, his vision for a transnational and transhistorical ‘bibliothèque de littérature nègre’, the broad scope of which corresponded to two related, yet ultimately divergent, cultural ideologies prevalent in post-occupation Haiti, namely, the cultural syncretism of the Indigenists and the ethno-nationalism of the Noirists. Secondly, I assess Spingarn’s schema for the individuals involved in building an archive of black literature, revealing parallel ‘bourgeois public literary spheres’ (Stieber, 2020, p. 13) in Haiti and the United States. The inter-American trajectory of Spingarn’s address reveals a transatlantic interest in collecting practices associated with black literature. A close reading of its republication in La Rèleve offers new directions for French postcolonial studies by demonstrating the value of periodicals as literary sites which juxtapose competing cultural visions and raise important questions regarding the collection and commodification of Africana.

Reakcje dyplomacji polskiej na wybuch wojny w Chinach (lipiec–grudzień 1937 r.)

The article, based on archival materials, printed sources and literature, presents the question of the attitude of the Republic of Poland to the conflict that started The Second World War in Asia, which has been rather omitted so far in the analyses. The presented study concerns the initial phase of the Sino-Japanese war, since the so-called the Marco Polo Bridge incident, till the seizure of Shanghai and Nanjing by the Japanese army. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland was generally neutral towards the events at the eastern brink of Eurasia, although in practice that position was closer to Japan. This was due to the willingness to maintain good relations with a partner who for many years had a big value for Poland in its policy towards the Soviet Union.

A Comprehensive Investigation of Metals in the Circumgalactic Medium of Nearby Dwarf Galaxies

Dwarf galaxies are found to have lost most of their metals via feedback processes; however, there still lacks consistent assessment on the retention rate of metals in their circumgalactic medium (CGM). Here we investigate the metal content in the CGM of 45 isolated dwarf galaxies with M * = 106.5–9.5 M ⊙ (M 200m = 1010.0–11.5 M ⊙) using the Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph. While H i (Lyα) is ubiquitously detected (89%) within the CGM, we find low detection rates (≈5%–22%) in C ii, C iv, Si ii, Si iii, and Si iv, largely consistent with literature values. Assuming these ions form in the cool (T ≈ 104 K) CGM with photoionization equilibrium, the observed H i and metal column density profiles can be best explained by an empirical model with low gas density and high volume filling factor. For a typical galaxy with M 200m = 1010.9 M ⊙ (median of the sample), our model predicts a cool gas mass of M CGM,cool ∼ 108.4 M ⊙, corresponding to ∼2% of the galaxy’s baryonic budget. Assuming a metallicity of 0.3 Z ⊙, we estimate that the dwarf galaxy’s cool CGM likely harbors ∼10% of the metals ever produced, with the rest either in more ionized states in the CGM or transported to the intergalactic medium. We further examine the EAGLE simulation and show that H i and low ions may arise from a dense cool medium, while C iv arises from a diffuse warmer medium. Our work provides the community with a uniform data set on dwarf galaxies’ CGM that combines our recent observations, additional archival data and literature compilation, which can be used to test various theoretical models of dwarf galaxies.

“Forgive Bibliophilic Hobbies”: Letters From D.V. Ulyaninsky to Book Historians, Publishers, and Collectors

22 letters of 1900—1918 by D.V. Ulyaninsky (1861—1918) addressed to bibliophiles, publishers and collectors are published: B.S. Bodnarsky, L.E. Buchheim, N.P. Likhachev, M.Ya. Paradelov, P.K. Simoni, A.S. Suvorin, V.K. Trutovsky, V.G. Ulyaninsky. They are kept in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library, the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, the St. Petersburg branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and contain valuable information about the formation and fate of the library, as well as the collection of ex-libris D.V. Ulyaninsky, his publishing activities, cooperation with public organizations, personal ties, lifestyle and style of communication. These sources can be used to study the history of bibliophilia, bibliography, antique book trade and in general the intellectual life of Russia in the early XX century.

Results of archival appraisal: a study of a Finnish City

The study investigates which information is chosen for long-term retention in a municipality in Finland. The municipal Records Management Plan of the City of Helsinki was analyzed quantitatively to provide the research data. The results show that information pertaining to permanent or long-standing objects and phenomena, as well as those with long-lasting consequences (such as high-level decision-making, environmental factors, constructions, land use, and people), are more likely to have extended retention periods and may even be preserved permanently. According to archival literature, archival appraisal is a process influenced by theoretical considerations. However, the findings suggest that practical factors tend to guide the appraisal process more significantly. This raises the question of how appraisal decisions are made. The perceived value of information may depend on the level of detail provided about the functions and processes, as well as the knowledge possessed by the appraisers. However, the role that archival theory and other factors play cannot be understood without additional research.

Material metaphors in Shalamov’s and Mandelstam’s poetic consciousness

The tradition of Acmeism, among others, was a defining aspect of V. Shalamov’s artistic origins. The article examines Shalamov’s artistic interaction with the prominent Acmeist poet O. Mandelstam, demonstrates the key trends in the interpretation of material imagery traceable in the poets’ works, and discusses their individual artistic approaches to developing this imagery. Mandelstam was famously revered by Shalamov the author: Not only did he produce a portrayal of Mandelstam in the short story ‘Cherry Brandy’ of the Kolyma Tales [Kolymskie rasskazy], but also drafted a speech to be delivered at a 1966 gathering dedicated to Mandelstam’s 75th anniversary (the notes are kept in Shalamov’s archive at RGALI [Russian State Archive of Literature and Art]). In his notes, Shalamov mentions that his artistic affinity with Mandelstam reveals itself in similar attention to the material world, or the world of objects; adherence to Acmeist values; and artistic and personal nonconformism. D. Krotova finds proof of this affinity in Shalamov’s poetry and prose, citing his published output as well as works preserved at RGALI.

Be Kind Rewind

Magnetic media, once democratizing documentary tools for marginalized communities, now face degralescence due to the physical degradation of magnetic tape and the obsolescence of playback equipment. However, these are not the only concerns when it comes to these media; while digitizing and providing online access have increasingly become requirements for major funding bodies and strategies adopted by archives, the contemporary neoliberal orientation toward open, online access poses additional risks for vulnerable communities. The impending magnetic media crisis presents a critical opportunity to contend with neoliberal archival impulses; re-envision approaches to preservation, digitization, and access; and acknowledge the affective values of magnetic media for communities who have produced and cared for them. Largely unexplored in archival literature, the unique promise and precarity of magnetic media created by vulnerable communities require ethical consideration of issues of privacy, exposure, and decontextualization and an understanding of the complexities of preserving magnetic media. This article explores these considerations and issues, advocates for the adoption of a feminist ethics of care, and introduces the VHS Archives Working Group as a generative model for caring for magnetic media from vulnerable communities.

“Books are Not a Сommodity”: Book Publishers and Booksellers in the Notebooks of the Dostoevskys 1875–1877

Based on the material of F. M. Dostoevsky’s 1875–1876 notebook, stored in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, fund 212.1.15, as well as on the material of A. G. Dostoevskaya’s 1876–1877 notebook and subscription books (preserved in the Manuscripts Department of the Russian State Library, fund 93.III.2.1 and in the Department of the Manuscripts of the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskiy Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, fund 100, no. 30729), the article examines certain names of book publishers and the booksellers with whom the Dostoevskys dealt in the mid-1870s. The commentary on these names is most often absent in the first academic Complete works of the writer (in 30 volumes) and in the publication of this notebook of Dostoevsky in volume 83 of the Literary Heritage series, or it is too brief. The purpose of the author is to supplement the existing commentary or to provide new one, as well as to clarify some of the names, based on the entries from A. G. Dostoevskaya’s notebook and signature books (which were written in a handwriting close to calligraphic) and literature on publishing and book trade in Russia in the second half of the 19th century. The article not only provides extended commentary on such famous names as F. A. Bitepage, M. O. Wolf, Ya. A. Isakov, but also reviews biographies and clarifies the readings of names from Dostoevsky’s notebook of the following book publishers and booksellers A. I. Bortnevsky, F. I. Kolesov, F. G. Mikhin, A. I. Manukhin, I. P. Semennikov.

Балтийские заимствования в Stratagema Oeconomicum С. Губерта и их лексические эквиваленты

The German-language guide Stratagema Oeconomicum, oder Acker-Student by Salomon Gubert contains numerous words from the spheres of agriculture, farming and housekeeping, including colloquial object names that were used by peasants of the Baltic region in the 17th century. In the Russian translation – Liflyandskaya ekonomiya (Economy of Livonia) – signed by Mikhail Lomonosov, fragments with Baltic borrowings are abridged. Using data from scientific, reference and archival literature, we can clarify the referential attribution of some Baltic borrowings and their synonyms in the German text, as well as draw conclusions about the relationship between them and their Russian equivalents. For instance, the combination Dwessel laike refers to the pagan peasant holiday in remembrance of the deceased relatives and their souls, mentioned in 16th-century texts; Zirzing ‘cricket’ is a synonym for Embten and Grylle, while Skudra ‘ant’ is a synonym for Ameise and Formica; the name Szuring, as well as its colloquial German equivalents Flöhe-Kraut Persikaria and Schmertzkern Persikaria, most likely refer to water pepper (Polygonum hydropyper L.), a medicinal plant. In the Russian translation of excerpts containing colloquial borrowed names, numerous errors can be found, as well as cases when these names are not translated at all, which most likely indicates that these words and phrases presented difficulties to the translator. In some cases, the omission of parts of the original text does not significantly change the meaning, while in others, it distorts the practical recommendations given in the book.

Proposing a Smart Performance Management System for Production Workshop Based on Virtual Organizational Deoxyribonucleic Acid Concept

This research aims to develop and validate a smart PMS. The PMS will create a foundation for PMSs that will be used by organizations in the digital era. A three-step methodology was used in the current research. First, the archival literature analysis was used to identify the features and elements of the robust PMSs. Second, a generic PMS was constructed based on the results of the first step. Third, the generic PMS was amended, implemented in the workshop, and validated by discussing the results with a focus group of experts. The academic and technical contribution can be seen in proposing a generic Virtual Organizational Deoxyribonucleic Acid (V-DNA) concept and smart PMS (Performance Management Dashboard (PMD) and Decision-Making Tool (DMT)) based on the features and elements of the robust PMSs. The generic V-DNA and PMS were amended and implemented in the stated workshop. Then, the validation process was done by presenting the implementation results to a focus group of academic experts and taking their feedback. Applying the PMD and the DMT to monitor, analyze, and manage workshop performance was successful. The PMD proved a useful tool that can provide a holistic view of the workshop performance areas instead of focusing on isolated business aspects such as workshop productivity or efficiency. The decision-makers directly identified the low-performing and highly performing KPIs/processes/sub-processes and identified the root causes of low and high performance. The DMT proved a useful tool. The decision-makers could evaluate all sub-processes and rank them based on the values and weights of the decision-making criteria, highlighting the areas that need improvement. The originality and novelty of the proposed PMS and the V-DNA were proved through a systematic literature review process. The implications of the research can be seen in the possibility of testing the generic V-DNA and the PMS templates in organizations of different sizes and sectors to check their applicability. Moreover, other layers of the organizational V-DNA can be proposed. The current research assists the practitioners and managers in constructing the PMSs they need for their workshops/factories/companies.

‘There’s been a whole campaign against you.’ Y. Zamyatin’s correspondence with I. Novikov

A publication of the correspondence between the political ‘heretic’ and Leningrad-based writer Y. Zamyatin and the ‘pessimist’ and Moscow-based author I. Novikov. Covering the years from 1922 to 1929 and gleaned from the annals of the Gorky Institute of World Literature (IMLI RAN) and Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI), it is supplied with an introduction and comments. The epistolary friendship of the two writers resulted from common interests and acquaintances in the literary world as well as the critic Zamyatin’s backing of Novikov in the 1924 article ‘On the current and the contemporary’ [‘O segodnyashnem i o sovremennom’]. In their letters, Novikov and Zamyatin bemoaned censorship and shared updates about new projects and upcoming productions of their plays, and discussed the life of literary organizations in Leningrad and Moscow as well as anthologies published in Leningrad. Stigmatized as a ‘fellow traveller’ (poputchik) during the 1929 persecution campaign, Zamyatin turned to Novikov in search for a like-minded supporter who would stand by him in print. The published correspondence offers a glimpse into the 1920s historical and ideological climate of Moscow and Petrograd-Leningrad, as well as the literary and theatrical process of the period.

Под охраной музейного отдела: судьба усадебных коллекций Подмосковья и их владельцев после революции 1917 года

В статье анализируется судьба дворянских имений Подмосковья и находившихся в них усадебных коллекций, национализированных после революции 1917 года. Использованы материалы Государственного архива Российской Федерации и Центральногогосударственного архива литературы и искусства, статьи музейных исследователей, воспоминания современников. Отмечена роль бывших владельцев усадеб как хранителей и руководителей музеев, впоследствии возникавших на основе имений. Характеризуются принадлежавшие бывшим владельцам произведения искусства и исторические артефакты, описывается последующая история коллекций, как правило, становившихся частью музейного фонда советской России. Выявлены и обобщены в виде таблицы разнообразные формы приспособления усадеб под общественные и государственные нужды, получившие распространение в послереволюционный период. Определен ряд тенденций, связанных с послереволюционной судьбой культурных ценностей, входивших в состав подмосковных усадебных коллекций. The study aims to systematize the processes that took place after the 1917 Revolution with collections of art, books and other cultural property located in the noble estates of Moscow Oblast. The materials were documents stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Central State Archive of Literature and Art, monographs and articles by researchers on the history of estates near Moscow in the 19th and 20th centuries. Historical-systemic, comparative and other methods applied in historical research were used. The study notes that estates near Moscow and collections of art works located in them during the events of the 1917 Revolution were rarely plundered by peasants. The author describes the role of former owners of estates as curators and managers of museums that subsequently arose on the basis of estates; analyzes the process of registering and describing property located in estates near Moscow; characterizes the works of art and historical artifacts that belonged to the former owners and the subsequent history of the collections, which, as a rule, became part of the museum fund of Soviet Russia. In some cases, the author comments on the fate of the former owners. The study focuses on the Moscow Oblast estates of the Uvarovs (Porechye), the Shcherbatovs (Brattsevo), the Sheremetevs (Vvedenskoye), the Olsufievs (Ershovo), and others. In total, the author briefly characterizes the post-revolutionary history of about one and a half dozen estates near Moscow and their collections. The forms of adaptation of estates for public and state needs, which became widespread in the post-revolutionary period, are diverse, and the author identifies and summarizes them in a table. The several important trends related to the subsequent fate of cultural values that were part of the Moscow Oblast estate collections the author identified are: (1) conflict-free relations between landlords and peasants had a positive impact on the preservation of the estate heritage of Moscow Oblast; (2) the so-called “museums of landlord life” (“museums of the nobility”), which existed in the first years of the Soviet power, became widespread in the region; however, this trend did not develop further: over the following ten years, most of these museums were closed due to ideological inconsistency; (3) the last owners of estates played a major role in preserving cultural values at the beginning of the Revolution. Thanks to their contribution, unique cultural values that were previously part of estate collections today adorn exhibitions of the best museums in the country.

By What Criteria Do We Evaluate Accounting? Some Thoughts on Economic Welfare and the Archival Literature

ABSTRACTThe economic role of an accounting regime is to increase welfare through its effects—in conjunction with complementary institutions—on firm and household behavior. I review three major streams of the archival literature (real effects; price effects, including value relevance; and costly contracting), in terms of what they can and cannot reveal as proxies for welfare effects. One conclusion is that the partial correlations and average effects that predominate in this literature have provided valuable insights into the role of accounting in the economy, but provide limited and misleading proxies for welfare effects. A major concern is that teachers, students, and researchers—indeed, regulators and standard setters—raised on this literature could lose sight of, and underestimate, the fundamental contribution of accounting to aggregate welfare.