Intelligent System Architecture Research Articles

Оценка качества интеллектуальных систем с гибкой программируемой архитектурой

The purpose of this work is to assess the quality of functioning intelligent systems. Tasks to be solved: synthesis of an intelligent system based on unified modules, system quality assessment, system reconfiguration at a quality decrease. The research method is system analysis. A new flexible programmable architecture of intelligent systems has been developed. The flexible architecture of an intelligent system allows you to change the mutual relationships between subsystems, components and modules. The intelligent system is implemented on the basis of the unified modules that contain programmable switches. Switches are connected to the system inputs and outputs and are networked to transmit information.

Interest flooding attack mitigation in a vehicular named data network

Vehicular named data network (VNDN) is the next-generation network architecture for intelligent transportation system. Contrary to the conventional transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) communication model, VNDN follows a data-centric approach where the user is interested in ‘WHAT’ instead of ‘WHERE’. Interest flooding attack (IFA) is one of the prominent security concerns in VNDNs. In IFA, attackers request for non-existent content to exhaust network resources and cause Interest packet flooding across the network. A novel attack mitigation scheme to counter IFA in VNDN has been proposed in this study. The proposed priority-based per-flow Interest rate monitoring (PP-FIRM) scheme determines the suspicious flow of malicious incoming Interest packets in attacked vehicles. A priority flag is assigned to the incoming flow of Interest packets that detects the occurrence of an attack. The priority of incoming Interest packet flow is calculated using a collaborative or neighbour-assisted approach. A comparison with another attack mitigation scheme validates that the proposed scheme performs better in terms of an improved cache hit ratio and Interest satisfaction ratio during the attack window. Besides this, pending Interest table utilisation, packet collisions rate, Interest packets retransmission count, end-to-end delay, and the ratio of timed out Interest packets have also been reduced. Furthermore, the scalability of the proposed research strategy is also evaluated by changing the density of attackers in real time. Moreover, in the proposed attack mitigation model, the rate of incoming legitimate Interest packets increases by reducing the drop rate of valid Interest packets.

Interpretability in neural networks towards universal consistency

In the challenge of Artificial Intelligence in processing semantically evaluable information, the application of deep learning techniques depends not only on the algorithms, but also on the principles that explain how they work. The malfunction of a machine learning system, ML, can occur due lack of knowledge of the algorithm intended behavior. The difficulty in debugging ML can be overcome by using strategies based on the universal structure of language that overlaps in the cognitive architecture of biological and intelligent systems. The appropriate choice of an algorithm inspired by the functioning of human language offers the computational scientist methodological strategies to clarify its performance analysis to optimize the interpretative activity under the good instrumentation of the system and to reach the performance level of an application considered safe. Neurolinguistic principles that link interpretation to language and cognition; the semantic dimension that arises not only from the linguistic system, but also from the context in which the information is produced; and the theoretical bases for understanding language as a 'form' (process) and not as a substance (set of signs) provide the groundwork for the intelligent systems’ improvement so that they have universal consistency and lessen the effects of the ‘curse of dimensionality’ or of the bias in the interpretation by the system. Semantics and statistics are considered to understand universal consistency as opposed to ideal consistency when evaluating a data set, since training alone is not sufficient to avoid data manipulation. We conclude that the 'key' for a good information classifier to achieve an acceptable performance of neural networks is in the dynamic aspect of language (language as a form / process) that: Guides the apprehension of how neural networks have access to weights (values); replicates this for intelligent systems making them invariant to many input transformations and guarantees an infinite amount of finite sample information, avoiding semantic distortion.

Transport telematic architecture of an electronic payment system for traditional merchant shipping

Wooden boats operating throughout an archipelagic country play an important role in connecting in particular remote areas and small islands. Those boats are deployed by traditional merchant shipping, also known as Pelra, abbreviated from Pelayaran Rakyat meaning Pelople’s Shipping. They carry nearly all types of cargoes, and usually a family business. Efforts to alleviate its role are necessary, from various aspects. The duration of shipments of cargo by using Pelra ships is long, the impacts on the cashflow of many parties are immediately afected. The growth of internet usage open a window of opportunity to improve this situation, by introducing e-Payment system. This paper outlines this effort by applying the Intelligent Transpotation System (ITS) architecture. A Pelra route Surabaya-Bima serves a case study to investigate the viability of the e-payment. The study concludes that introduction of an e-payment system is promising.

Intelligent Agent-Based Predict System With Cloud Computing for Enterprise Service Platform in IoT Environment

If the product supply shortage occurs during the sales period, customers will turn to other companies, so the enterprise lose the sales opportunity. If the enterprise can predict product demands, and manages the product sales by using the supply chain management prediction system to improve the bottleneck of the inventory, the hot sales product can have more critical time utilization, and the inventory status can be reflected quickly by Internet of Things (IoT). To overcome the problem that the replenishment model cannot show the actual quantity of products on the store shelves, in the paper, we propose an intelligent agent-based prediction system, which serves as a framework to construct an integrated prediction system through the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to design the intelligent product prediction shelf to extract product messages, and the service oriented architecture to develop prediction information to recommend products to the customer. The result of the paper proposes an agent-based cloud computing service platform in IoT and intelligent agents with SOA as backend cloud services. To build a prototype prediction system with performance analysis, it can be proved that the prediction system architecture for intelligent agent-based prediction system could improve operation performance and effectively enhance customer service quality for hot sale products.

User Aspiration and Design of Functional Architecture in Seafarer’s Certification Management

Maritime (kepelautan) is matters related to manning, education, certification, authority, rights and seafarer’s obligations. In marine transportation activities, there are several main instruments that must be in place, namely transportation facilities (ships), transportation facilities providers (shipping companies / government), ship operator service providers (seafarer), certified seafarers / producers of seafarers (training institutions) and infrastructure, such as ports, channels, warehouses, and so on. The relationship between seafarers and seafarer certification (education and training institutions / government) and shipping companies is a concern in this study, especially in relation to the impact of many falsification of seafarer certificates, despite the implementation of an online database certification system that is centralized in Directorate General of Sea Transportation (DJPL). There are 3 (three) major problems that are still popular at this time, for instance unoriginal of seafarer certificates, unpaid seafarers or late receiving wages for more than 1 (one) wage period, and seafarers have a difficult time to find jobs on board. One of the available instruments to solve this problem is the intelligent transport system (ITS) architecture which is liable to be adopted in mapping the aspirations of marine transportation stakeholders, blockchain technology, such as decentralizing (one of the pillars / characteristics of blockchain technology) seafarer certificate database. A cost benefit analysis will be used in this study to obtain how much does it cost to improve the system and to see the benefit of the product.

Semi-Double-loop machine learning based CPS approach for predictive maintenance in manufacturing system based on machine status indications

The paper presents two original and innovative contributions: 1) the model of machine learning (ML) based approach for predictive maintenance in manufacturing system based on machine status indications only, and 2) semi-Double-loop machine learning based intelligent Cyber-Physical System (I-CPS) architecture as a higher-level environment for ML based predictive maintenance execution. Considering only the machine status information provides rapid and very low investment-based implementation of an advanced predictive maintenance paradigm, especially important for SMEs. The model is validated in real-life situations, exploring different learning algorithms and strategies for learning maintenance predictive models. The findings show very high level of prediction accuracy.

Design of a Public Vehicle Tracking Service Using Long-Range (LoRa) and Intelligent Transportation System Architecture

Public transport vehicles are involved in a high percentage of traffic accidents in intermediate cities, mainly due to speeding and lack of control over their routing. In addition, many passengers of these vehicles report poor quality of service. To try to improve this, the authors propose a system to provide a public transport vehicle tracking service with high quality regarding accessibility, safety, and comfort. They developed an ITS architecture for this type of city following a methodology, they constructed a detailed service diagram using the ITS architecture and quality requirements, and finally, they selected the adequate wireless communication technology for the service. They determined that an IoT-based system, with LoRaWAN technology and considering the developed ITS architecture, provides the service with the required characteristics. They also analyzed the use of the proposed service design in the case of an intermediate Colombian city, determining the required components, network, and budget.

Implementation of an Intelligent System Architecture for Process Monitoring of Machine Tools

State of the art machine tool controllers offer several Internet-of-Things (IoT) interfaces for machine data acquisition using industrial or edge computers. However, the available data exchange rates for these communication platforms are limited to a few hundred Hertz. As the data is not available in high frequency resolution, such a network communication is not suitable for monitoring and optimizing highly dynamic machining processes. This paper describes an efficient system architecture, which enables the acquisition of internal machine data as well as the high frequency sampling of external sensors. Based on this data, an Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) approach can be used to determine the tool tip dynamics during the machining process. Identification of tool tip frequency response requires the reconstruction of the excitation of the machine tool structure, i.e. the occurring machining forces. For this purpose, an approach relying on monitoring the commanded motor currents is applied.

Intelligent switching control of hybrid electromagnetic active suspension based on road identification

The hybrid electromagnetic actuator integrates a magnetorheological damper, and a linear motor can effectively reduce the energy consumption of linear electromagnetic active suspension by switching the control parameters with the same dynamic performances. Thus, the intelligent switching control of hybrid electromagnetic active suspension (HEMAS) is investigated with a fast–slow switching method for full road conditions for the first time, which uses the road level and system state variables as the switching rules. First, the intelligent switching control system architecture of HEMAS is designed, and the switching logic is refined. Then, the modified skyhook control strategy is adopted, and the control parameters (including overfull and transient objective control parameters) are optimized for different driving conditions. Then, the simultaneous estimation method of road profile and system state variables and the identification method of road level are studied. The identification result is used as a prerequisite for intelligent switching of system control parameters. Last, a road adaptive intelligent switching control system is designed, and the stability of the switching system is analyzed. Furthermore, a hardware-in-the-loop bench test is performed. The test results verify the effectiveness of the intelligent switching control system in improving the comprehensive performances (dynamic and energy-saving performances) of HEMAS.

Low-cost computational systems applied to physical architectures in public transportation systems of intermediate cities

Public transportation systems in many cities of Latin America must employ physical architectures of intelligent transportation systems for the operation and control of passenger transportation vehicles. However, the high cost of specialized computational systems for this physical architectures in one of the higher impediments to the integration of this systems in the vehicle network. For the purpose of this work, is necessary to ask what are the currently low-cost computational systems used in vehicular applications. In this paper we made a documentary research to analyse the current computational systems associated with the physical architecture for public transportation in intermediate cities. We analysed collected information following the three points of methodological development for a documentary researches. Results shows that the use of low-cost computational systems for data capture in vehicles, the use of millimetre waves in the electromagnetic spectrum for data transmission by means of mobile communication networks, and the adoption of international standards, are viable alternatives for the integration of technologies into physical architectures of vehicle networks, in order to improve the operation of public passenger transportation systems in intermediate cities in Latin America.

Indoor Parking Method Based on Cooperation of Intelligent Vehicle and Parking Lot

This paper designs an intelligent vehicle-parking lot cooperative indoor parking system architecture and a multi-vision sensor-based indoor vehicle detection and localization method to solve parking problems in large parking lots. The system consists of a parking lot sensor group, a parking lot server, and an intelligent vehicle terminal. The communication between the intelligent vehicle terminal and the parking lot is established through V2X technology. Sensors and parking lot servers are deployed in the parking lot to complete indoor vehicle positioning and parking space management. The intelligent vehicle terminal initiates parking/leaving requests and positioning requests to the parking lot. The parking lot server provides the parking lot real-time map, parking space information and localization information to the intelligent vehicle terminal, so as to complete the parking navigation or automatic parking in the indoor parking scene through the cooperation of the intelligent vehicle terminal and the parking lot. This paper verifies the effectiveness of the method and system developed in this paper through real parking scene experiments.

Sustainable transit vehicle tracking service, using intelligent transportation system services and emerging communication technologies: A review

Abstract The most salient problems of transit vehicle service in Latin American intermediate cities include: the high number of passengers involved in traffic accidents; traffic congestion caused by transit vehicles, and pollution generated by these vehicles, which increases in high congestion scenarios. To improve upon this situation, a research was conducted on the transit vehicle tracking service, which is a basic service for implementing mobility solutions for the aforementioned problems, the most relevant characteristics of this service for the context of Latin American intermediate cities were identified, and an implementation was proposed. This paper presents the four stages of the study: (a) a review of the state-of-the-art of services or systems related to vehicle tracking, including wireless communications technologies, implemented sustainability approaches, usage of special algorithms for efficiency improvement, and the intelligent transportation system (ITS) architecture used as a basis; (b) the process of identifying relevant characteristics of the service for a given context; (c) proposal of an ITS architecture for this service in an intermediate city, its requirements and the suggested technologies; and (d) development of experiments for validating usage of the key suggested technologies. The review allowed to identify the main service characteristics, with regard to vehicle positioning technologies, the recommended wireless communication technology (long range, LoRa), energy consumption considerations, and use of artificial intelligence (AI) to calculate waiting time of users at bus stops. Finally, an ITS architecture for the city of Popayan (Colombian city) considering the aforementioned characteristics is proposed, and the experiments related to the use of these technologies are described in detail.

Architecture Design of Intelligent Assembly System Based on Complex System

For complex system and product, the virtual and intelligent assembly system can short the designing and manufacturing time effectively, especially for administration of life cycle of product, it can provide the digital models for different period using. In this paper, the intelligent assembly system architecture was designed which includes three-layers, application layer, data layer, and output layer. By using this intelligent assembly system the virtual assembly of complex system products is realized. Then, the framework of intelligent assembly information modelling was designed further which includes geometric information, assembly constraint information, and assembly relationship information. This assembly information model can not only express the connection between assembly parts and assembly relationships, but also provide information sources and acquisition mechanisms for assembly process planning. At last, an example of product assembly is presented which includes 3D models analysis and attribute set for simulation, the intelligent assembly function is accomplished in the end.

Analysis and design of intelligent environmental protection IOT system architecture based on GIS

With the third great change of the world’s information industry, IOT will open an information age of interconnection of all things. The environmental protection Internet of things combines the traditional environmental protection industry with the Internet of things technology, realizes the practice of environmental protection informatization, is conducive to the construction of an all-round environmental protection governance system, speeds up the process of China’s environmental protection informatization, and promotes the rapid transition from “digital environmental protection” to “intelligent environmental protection”. With the continuous progress of cloud computing, big data and other cutting-edge technologies, environmental protection Internet of things has begun to integrate these technologies to better meet the needs of the public. In this paper, through the analysis and research of the application example of environmental protection Internet of things, summarizes the overall architecture of intelligent Internet of things system based on GIS for environmental protection. The overall architecture of the intelligent Internet of things system can be divided into four levels: field equipment, transmission network, IOT equipment management platform, environmental protection big data analysis and application platform. Using the IOT system architecture to design the IOT system platform can solve the repeated construction of infrastructure and software application system in the field of environmental protection, improve the traditional environmental governance mode and meet the public’s right to know the environmental conditions. People can understand the real-time environmental information through mobile terminals or environmental protection cloud platform, and enterprises that cause pollution can use the network Anonymous reporting is carried out so that the public can participate in the national cause of ecological environment governance.

Perspective on holonic manufacturing systems: PROSA becomes ARTI

Looking back at 30 years of research into holonic manufacturing systems, these explorations made a lasting scientific contribution to the overall architecture of intelligent manufacturing systems. Most notably, holonic architectures are defined in terms of their world-of-interest (Van Brussel et al., 1998). They do not have an information layer, a communication layer, etc. Instead, they have components that relate to real-world assets (e.g. machine tools) and activities (e.g. assembly). And, they mirror and track the structure of their world-of-interest, which allows them to scale and adapt accordingly.This research has wandered around, at times learning from its mistakes, and progressively carved out an invariant structure while it translated and applied scientific insights from complex-adaptive systems theory (e.g. autocatalytic sets) and from bounded rationality (e.g. holons). This paper presents and discusses the outcome of these research efforts.At the top level, the holonic structure distinguishes intelligent beings (or digital twins) from intelligent agents. These digital twins inherit the consistency from reality, which they mirror. They are intelligent beings when they reflect what exists in the world without imposing artificial limitations in this reality. Consequently, a conflict with a digital twin is a conflict with reality.In contrast, intelligent agents typically transform NP-hard challenges into computations with low-polynomial complexity. Unavoidably, this involves arbitrariness (e.g. don’t care choices). Likewise, relying on case-specific properties, to ensure an outcome in polynomial time, usually renders the validity of an agent’s choices both short-lived and situation-dependent. Here, intelligent agents create conflicts by imposing limitations of their own making in their world-of-interest.Real-world smart systems are aggregates comprising both intelligent beings and intelligent agents. They are performers. Inside these performers, digital twins may constitute the foundations, supporting walls, support beams and pillars because these intelligent beings are protected by their real-world counterpart. Further refining the top-level of this architecture, a holonic structure enables these digital twins to shadow their real-world counterpart whenever it changes, adapts and evolves.In contrast, the artificial limitations, imposed by the intelligent agents, cannot be allowed to build up inertia, which would hamper the undoing of arbitrary or case-specific limitations. To this end, performers explicitly manage the rights over their assets. Revoking such rights from a limitation-imposing agent will free the assets. This will be at the cost of reduced services from the agent. When other service providers rely on this agent, their services may be affected as well; that’s how the inertia builds up and how harmful legacy is created. Thus, the services of digital twins are to be preferred over the services of an intelligent agent by developers of holonic manufacturing systems.Finally, digital twins corresponding to the decision making in the world-of-interest (a non-physical asset) allow to mirror the world-of-interest in a predictive mode (in addition to track and trace). It allows to generate short-term forecasts while preserving the benefits of intelligent beings. These twins are the intentions of the decision-making intelligent agents. Evidently, when intentions change, the forecasts needs to be regenerated (i.e. tracking the corresponding reality by the twin). This advanced feature can be deployed in a number of configurations (cf. annex).

Research and Design of Intelligent Greenhouse Control System Based on AIoT Fusion Technology

This article designs the entire intelligent Greenhouse system architecture, collects a large amount of data such as temperature, humidity, light, and water through Multi-sensors, and implements an improved fuzzy neural network control algorithm. The advantage of this algorithm over traditional neural networks is that it can express fuzzy and qualitative the knowledge,which also improves the overall learning ability of the system. This intelligent system combines advanced technologies such as AIoT, NB-IoT, and 5G and uploads sensor data to the cloud platform. Through this improved learning algorithm, it provides optimized temperature, humidity and lighting conditions for plants in the greenhouse, and optimal growth conditions. In addition, this system design also optimizes NB-IoT power management, which can improve the overall system information transmission rate and decoding efficiency, and better achieve connection between the 5G and NB-IoT in order to link up each operations and for transmissions. That design and research of the intelligent greenhouse control system has improved the function and the value of the traditional greenhouse control system. Through the AIoT fusion technology, the entire intelligent greenhouse system is made more convenient, intelligent and integrated.

Research and design of intelligent parking system based on 5G technology

In order to solve the parking problem, such as difficult parking, low efficiency parking space sharing, incomplete parking management and high cost of traditionalparking, an intelligent parking system in city based on the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Networks (5G) is proposed in this paper. 5G mobile communication technology has two important advantages of high transmission rate and low transmission latency, so it can better satisfy the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT). The intelligent parking system architecture in city based on 5G has six layers, including Parking IoT layer, intelligent gateway layer, 5G mobile communication network layer, access point name (APN) enterprise private line access layer, cloud computing and big data layer, intelligent parking system management layer.

Construction of U2S communications system based on edge fog computing

With the rapid development of computer technology and Internet of things technology, the concept of intelligent city is becoming more and more clear, and the construction of information-based city has gradually become the focus of all countries. However, in the concept of smart city, Internet of things technology is one of its key core technologies. At the same time, the construction of information system in intelligent city system is also the key problem to be solved and optimized. In this paper, the core technologies of the Internet of things and the Internet are taken as the basis of the intelligent city information system architecture, and an innovative intelligent city information system platform based on edge fog computing is proposed. On this platform, we will make full use of the lightweight fog computing virtual technology among terminal equipment, cloud server and edge fog computing network layer to provide the whole information system. The functions of storage and calculation can solve the problems of the traditional intelligent city information system, such as the pressure of network bandwidth, time extension and so on. Finally, based on the intelligent city information system proposed in this paper, the intelligent city information system of typical cities is constructed. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has obvious advantages in the running speed and the convergence of the corresponding algorithm.

Design and Implementation of Embedded Network Intelligent Control System Based on Big Data Era

Embedded systems transform the Internet to the Internet of Things, and promote cloud computing and large data service applications. Big data is the complete data group of human data and physical data in the Internet of Things. This paper presents an embedded network intelligent control system based on ARM & Linux. The system uses the embedded Boa server as the network server of the embedded network intelligent control system. Firstly, the architecture of embedded network intelligent control system based on web server is given. Secondly, the software system is described. Finally, the detailed modification process of Linux kernel for embedded network enabling control of terminal hardware is given. The embedded network intelligent control system architecture based on TCP/IP protocol stack can simplify the system architecture to a certain extent and has higher practicability. The experimental results show that the system works stably when the network communication speed is 1 Gb/s and the communication frequency is 80 Hz/s.