Traditional Architecture Research Articles

Chinese architecture inspired smart roof tile integrating radiation cooling, water harvesting, and energy recycling

The development of new materials for resource and energy recycling has emerged as a primary focus in addressing global energy and environmental sustainability challenges. Inspired by traditional Chinese architecture, a smart roof tile (SRT) is scientifically designed, which incorporates hierarchical micro-nanostructured polyethylene/silica/barium sulfate composites (IH-PSB), semiconductor power generation modules, and LED chips. Leveraging the combined effects of surface and interface functionalities, the IH-PSB demonstrates exceptional sub-ambient cooling capabilities, resulting in its surface and bottom temperature being 5.4 °C and 12.1 °C lower than the ambient temperature, respectively. Additionally, the precisely controlled heterogeneous wettability, with a contact angle of approximately 151° and a roll-off angle of around 32°, allows the IH-PSB to efficiently condense moisture and transport droplets. Benefiting from the excellent radiation cooling performance and precisely controlled heterogeneous wettability, the IH-PSB exhibits remarkable passive sub-dewpoint cooling efficiency coupled with efficient water harvesting performance. During a one-month outdoor experiment, the IH-PSB operated stably and continuously without any electrical input, maintaining a mass flux ranging from ∼23.2–50.0 g m−2 h−1. Interestingly, the SRT system efficiently harnesses waste heat generated by the LEDs while simultaneously regulating their temperature effectively. The development and utilization of the SRT offer a sustainable, energy-efficient, and forward-thinking solution that addresses global water scarcity and energy crises.

Cascaded framework for earthquake building damage detection combining spatial and frequency domain feature integration

Abstract. Building collapse is a major cause of casualties after an earthquake, so accurately extracting building damage information is critical for post-earthquake assessment and rescue. Currently, most deep learning methods focus on the end-to-end detection of building collapse. However, in real-world earthquake scenarios, the end-to-end computational process often lacks flexibility and struggles to meet the requirements of rapid emergency response. To address this issue, this paper proposes a cascaded framework that combines pre-earthquake building extraction and post-earthquake building damage classification. The proposed framework includes two sections: (1) Progressive building semantic segmentation model in the joint frequency domain. This model is designed to accurately extract buildings prior to an earthquake, with the goal of minimizing error propagation throughout the cascading process. The model addresses the spatial similarity of buildings under complicated backgrounds, as well as the high internal heterogeneity of buildings, by utilizing frequency domain techniques. It compensates for the shortcomings of traditional models in terms of incomplete information extraction through the effective integration of global and local information. Finally, the model employs edge priors for edge regularization. (2) Rapid building damage classification process. Based on the accurate building extraction results, a fast and efficient classification process is developed. This process uses a simple and lightweight classification network to effectively extract building damage information caused by the earthquake. The superiority of the proposed framework is validated through comparison with traditional cascading architectures and end-to-end models. The results show that the cascading framework not only provides accurate pre-earthquake building extraction, but also enables efficient and accurate post-earthquake damage classification, which meets the requirements of rapid post-earthquake emergency response. This balance of accuracy and speed is essential for effective disaster management and recovery.

From pixels to pathology: A novel dual-pathway multi-scale hierarchical upsampling network for MRI-based prostate zonal segmentation

Prostate cancer is a prevalent and life-threatening disease characterized by abnormal cell growth within the prostate gland. Early and accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer is crucial for effective treatment planning. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is valuable for diagnosing and assessing prostate cancer. Medical professionals use MRI to create segmentation for detecting prostate cancer. However, existing segmentation methods are limited in accurately delineating anatomical structures and tumor regions within the prostate. This research proposes an innovative methodology for advancing MRI-based prostate segmentation. The objective is to encompass anatomical and tumor zones within the prostate, facilitating precise diagnosis and treatment planning. The proposed dual-pathway multi-scale hierarchical upsampling network introduces significant modifications compared to the traditional UNet-based architecture. It outperforms previous studies, demonstrating superior performance in anatomical segmentation on both the ProstateX and Prostate158 datasets. It achieves an intersection over union of 0.8449 and a dice similarity coefficient of 0.9872 on ProstateX, as well as an intersection over union of 0.8065 and a dice similarity coefficient of 0.9831 on Prostate158, suppressing previous research by a significant margin. These results highlight the potential of this approach to advance the utility of MRI in diagnosing and planning the treatment of prostate-related pathologies, benefiting both patients and healthcare practitioners.

Temple and Their Architectural Style in Himachal Pradesh: An Overview

The traditional architecture of Himachal Pradesh is developed and mostly present in the form of numerous temples constructed in different parts of the state. It is the outcome of the prevalent topography, available natural resources, extremes of the climate and other natural forces. These temples are the best-known example of successful experimentation with locally available building materials and indigenous construction techniques to produce architectural marvels. It is also best reaction to the harsh climate of hilly regions and other natural forces. The present study simply described the temple architecture distribution and its types in the state of Himachal Pradesh. The whole study is based on primary as well as secondary sources of data. Various kinds of temple architecture have been discussed in this study i.e., Shikhra Style, Pyramid style, Tower Style, Pent Roof Style and Dome Style. Himachal Pradesh has been a meeting place of various art and culture. Broadly Himachal art can be divided into three group each distinguished by the recurring theme of Hinduism and Buddhism. These are (1) Khasha Art (2) Indo Aryan Art (3) Indo-Tibetan Art. Therefore, Himachal Pradesh has been a meeting of varied art and cultures. But, the main focus of study is related to Hinduism as it has large number of architectures related to Hinduism than others.

Symbolism of Sacred Art in Water Conduits

Nepal is a country with abundance of traditional art, architecture and culture. Almost every monument comprises faith, belief, devotion and sacredness which are initiated to be expressed through symbolic representation. Historicity of water conduit of Kathmandu valley can be traced back to early Cristian Era. They were installed to fulfill basic need of water. Flowing water is compared to goddess Ganga. Thus, every water conduit is equated to goddess Ganga with depiction of a crocodile, her vehicle. Cent percent water conduits of the valley consists of sculptural art associated to Hindu or Buddhist deities and a few with architectural monuments. It also comprises sculptural art of several creatures as; serpent, fish, frog, chameleon, mongoose. These deities, monuments and creatures are found to be a symbolic expression of theme associated with religious belief and faith. In this context, finding out the theme of an art expressed in a water conduit, chief feature of sacred sculptural art of water conduits and symbolic representation of sculptural art of water conduits of Kathmandu valley have been focused as an objective of this research. This qualitative research is based upon historical fact. Thus, the facts are collected from historical monuments through survey, interview, collection of photographs and are analyzed in a descriptive way. Related literary sources have been consulted as a secondary source. From several references, it is to be considered that water conduits of the valley have been basically set up for social and religious utility with installation of several deities according to their faith. Art of each conduit as well as image portrays specific features belong to related historical age. Besides this, each sculptural art depicted on the conduit conveys symbolism of goddess Ganga and several pilgrimages composed within a precise pious abode.

The Way of the Detail in Japanese Design

When considering the growing interest in the ideas of internationalisation and globalisation, the phrase ‘Japanese Design’ has always captured the inspirational pulse of designers. This paradoxical world of Japan provides the impetus for vast and varied design outcomes. These outcomes range from the traditional design of tearooms, to the youth fashion phenomena in Harajuku. Design in Japan demonstrates a controlled approach to the subtle nuances that express the design spectrum between excess and austerity. This paper explores the idea of the intricacy of Japanese design as not only being a clear expression of their masterful handling of material and form, but also a demonstration of the amalgamation of cultural paradigms displayed in these various design outcomes. This is no more clearly expressed than in the examination of details used within Japanese design, in particular, the details in traditional Japanese architecture. The methodology involved with this research is mainly focussed on literature reviews of text and journal articles, as well as, review of appropriate exhibitions. But the original journey began years ago with my own education and exposure to the ideas of Japanese design and architecture. Numerous travel tours and design tours to Japan helped to reinforce the connection and unfold their paradoxical world.

Traditional archetypes of institutions for the socialization of orphans in the Arab world

The article identifies the traditional archetypes of social care institutions for orphans. Modern architectural solutions do not take into account the centuries-old traditions that have developed in Arabic architecture. Based on the method of historical and genetic analysis of objects of traditional architecture of children's educational institutions in the Islamic world, the article identifies stable elements of the system that allow maintaining the stability of development and determining genetically important features of architectural and planning solutions. For the formation of steadily developing architectural and planning solutions, the interrelations of the functional zones of educational complexes that do not contradict the traditions of Islam are determined. Rethinking these traditions in the light of new construction technologies will create an innovative product that can develop sustainably in today's dynamic world. In the context of the crisis of the 21st century, which is taking place in Syria and the Middle East today, a new interpretation of identity and cultural continuity will solve the problem of the demand for children's educational institutions for orphans in Syria during the period of reconstruction of the country. In the modern world, social protection of children is one of the priority areas for the development of a civilized society and state. The conditions in which a child's personality is formed have a great impact on the socialization and future of a citizen of the country.

Negative Differential Resistance in Conical Nanopore Iontronic Memristors.

Emerging ion transport dynamics with memory effects at nanoscale solution-substrate interfaces offers a unique opportunity to overcome the bottlenecks in traditional computational architectures, trade-offs in selectivity and throughput in separation, and electrochemical energy conversions. Negative differential resistance (NDR), a decrease in conductance with increasing potential, constitutes a new function from the perspective of time-dependent instead of steady-state nanoscale electrokinetic ion transport but remains unexplored in ionotronics to develop higher-order complexity and advanced capabilities. Herein, NDR is introduced in hysteretic and rectified ion transport through single conical nanopipettes (NPs) as ionic memristors. Deterministic and chaotic behaviors are controlled via an electric field as the sole stimulus. The NDR arises fundamentally from the availability and redistribution of the ionic charges during the hysteretic and rectified transport at asymmetric nanointerfaces. The elucidated mechanism is generalizable, and the drastically simplified operations enable tunable state-switching dynamics with higher-order complexity besides the first-order synaptic functions in multiple excitatory and inhibitory states.

An architectural taxonomic proposal for passive design strategies used in traditional architecture of areas with hot and dry climates

Global environmental problems are one of the most critical problems of humankind. Increasing energy consumption and CO2 emissions are among the most important causes of global environmental problems. The existing building sector is vital in increasing energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Buildings are responsible for 30% of greenhouse gas emissions and about 40% of energy consumption. Energy used for heating and cooling is one of the most important causes of energy consumption in the building sector. Reducing the energy used for heating and cooling is possible with sustainable building design. One of the most essential criteria of sustainable building design is using passive air conditioning strategies. Traditional architecture is a crucial guide for using passive air conditioning elements. This paper presents an architectural taxonomic proposal for passive cooling strategies used in traditional architecture in hot and dry climate areas of the globe. The aim is to facilitate and simplify access to all cooling strategies and provide a guide for their adaptation to modern architecture. A total of 55 passive cooling strategies were identified in the research. Within the taxonomic proposal's scope, the strategy was first divided into four groups: settlement scale, building scale, space scale, and building environment scale, depending on the usage criteria. Then, this grouping was split into 16 subgroups. A taxonomic proposal was created by considering the intended use of the identified strategies. The findings indicate that although traditional architecture in hot and dry climates primarily focuses on heat protection and heat dissipation is also highly utilized. It has been determined that thermal insulation, shading and natural ventilation cooling strategies come to the fore. In addition, it has been determined that approximately 50% of the strategies used for cooling purposes are related to thermal insulation, shading, and natural ventilation. The taxonomic proposal guides modern adaptations in the built environment by combining traditional passive design strategies and simplifying their use. It can also be adapted to different climates and contribute to creating new modern building design guidelines.

Wood is the Material of Traditional Architecture: Problems of Restoration

Wood is the Material of Traditional Architecture: Problems of Restoration

Innovation in Christchurch Church Architecture

Several church buildings erected in Christchurch in the 1960s signalled significant departures in the city's established traditions of church architecture. They included three Roman Catholic parish churches – St Matthew's Bryndwr, Our Lady of Victories, Sockburn, and St Anne's, Woolston. This paper focuses on the most innovative and striking of these three churches, Our Lady of Victories, Sockburn. It sets the building in the broader context of post-war church architecture in Christchurch. Innovation in Christchurch church architecture had begun in the 1950s with a number of brick churches, but significant departures from established church building forms did not occur until the 1960s. Our Lady of Victories reflected with particular drama the impact on church architecture of the changes in Roman Catholic liturgy associated with the Second Vatican Council. The paper describes the process through which the radically new design emerged, paying particular attention to the interaction between the architect, C.R. Thomas, and the new Roman Catholic Bishop of Christchurch, Brian Ashby. The paper also sets the design of the church in the context of New Zealand, and international, architectural trends in the late 1950s and 1960s.

Breast Cancer Tumour Masks Segmentation Using Modified U-Net with Channel Attention

Abstract: A modified U-Net for biomedical image segmentation with channel attention is developed for breast cancer image segmentation. A unique step in biomedical image analysis is segmentation because it determines the accuracy of image analysis algorithms. Algorithms for accurate and early breast cancer detection in women using mammograms depend highly on the accuracy of the segmentation stage. In this thesis, in order to improve on the segmentation ability of the traditional UNet architecture, it was modified by varying the fixed kernel sizes that it was originally designed for. In this model, progressively increasing kernel sizes of 3x3, 5x5, 7x7, 9x9 and 11x11 were used, which is different from the architecture of UNet that depended on fixed 3x3 kernel sizes for all convolutional layers. The first Convolutional block of the proposed model contains two Conv2D layers with 3x3 kernel sizes, ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) activation function, and 16 channel dimensions. A maxpooling2D layer with pool size of (2x2) was placed to downsample the image size before feeding to the next convolutional block which used the same activation function, with 32 channel dimension and 5x5 kernel size. The next convolutional block used 64 channel dimensions with 7x7 kernel size, then a 9x9 kernel size Conv2D block with 128 channel dimensions was placed before the Conv2D with upsampling. The squeeze and excitation block was placed after this convolutional layer and in-between the two convolutional blocks with 11x11 kernel sizes, to reallocate the weight of the essential features to ensure that more discriminate features are learnt from the breast cancer images to improve the overall representational strength of the network through the performance of dynamic feature recalibration of the image channels. This significantly improved the performance of the segmentation by explicitly modeling the interdependencies between channels in the convolutional layers. The increasing kernel sizes enables the model to learn more discriminate features from the images. Jaccard similarity index, F1 score, Recall, Precision, F2 score, and accuracy results were used to compare the result of the proposed model with other models such as U-Net model and Baseline model. The results shows a better performance of 0.88 for Jaccard similarity index, 0.94 for F1 score, 0.93 for recall, 0.92 for precision, 0.92 for F2 score, and an accuracy score of 0.98%. The model is good for biomedical image segmentation.

Optimizing Solar Heating for Thangka Exhibition Halls: A Case Study in Malkang Cultural Village

With the continuous development of rural revitalization and urbanization in China, the sustainable transformation of traditional rural architecture has become increasingly important. This study takes the Thangka exhibition hall in rural Malkang, Sichuan Province, as the research object and proposes a Thangka exhibition hall architectural design centered around solar heating and aiming for near-zero energy consumption. The research method involves establishing a solar energy system model on the roof of the exhibition hall and utilizing solar angle and area calculation formulas along with simulation software to calculate the optimal installation angle and area of solar panels, with the aim of achieving indoor temperatures that meet Thangka protection requirements while achieving zero-energy heating. Preliminary results indicate that this solar-centric near-zero energy architectural design can effectively promote the increase in indoor temperature through solar thermal conversion. Additionally, through calculation and simulation, the optimal installation angle for the solar panels achieving zero-energy heating is determined to be 24.25 with an azimuth angle of −1.2. The optimum installation area for solar panels is 8.2 square meters in the showroom and 2.7 square meters in the storeroom. Among these, the solar panel area for the Thangka exhibition hall constitutes 4.12% of the total area and is required for maintaining Thangka protection temperature requirements throughout the year, while the solar panel area for the storage room constitutes 1.88% and is also needed for the same purpose. Studying the optimal installation angle and area of solar panels can transform the exhibition hall into a near-zero-energy building, meeting the temperature requirements for Thangka preservation and human thermal comfort, while also achieving optimal economic benefits. This provides guidance and a reference for promoting near-zero-energy buildings in rural areas.

A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL TERENGGANU ARCHITECTURE AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION ON THE EAST COAST OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: A CASE STUDY OF TERRAPURI HERITAGE VILLAGE IN TERENGGANU CIRI FIZIKAL SENI BINA TRADISIONAL TERENGGANU SEBAGAI TARIKAN PELANCONG DI PANTAI TIMUR SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA: KAJIAN KES TERRAPURI HERITAGE VILLAGE DI TERENGGANU

Traditional Terengganu architecture, including the Rumah Bujang Berselasar (bachelor house with an unroofed platform) and Rumah Tiang Dua Belas (twelve-pillared house), is the earliest and most prevalent type of housing in the northeastern region of Peninsular Malaysia, specifically in Terengganu. Site observation was conducted in Terrapuri Heritage Village in Setiu, Terengganu. These Malay houses are considered a crucial part of the region’s architectural history, reflecting numerous changes in their architectural elements and their continuity with the past and present built environment. Beyond being mere structures for shelter, the physical characteristics of these houses embody traditional values, beliefs, and ways of life. Rooted in the rich cultural heritage of the Malay community, they have been shaped over centuries by history, geography, and social interactions. Hence, studying the physical features of traditional Terengganu architecture requires an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses not only technical and functional aspects but also cultural and symbolic significance. This necessitates integrating architectural and construction principles with social, cultural, and historical perspectives. The objective of this study is to identify the structural and non-structural elements of traditional Terengganu houses, specifically Rumah Bujang Berselasar and Rumah Tiang Dua Belas. These distinctive features reflect the local context and cultural influences, contributing to the creation of a coastal resort identity. Thus, it is imperative to continue efforts to preserve and promote traditional Malay architecture, including Rumah Bujang Berselasar (bachelor house with unroofed platform) and Rumah Tiang Dua Belas (twelve-pillared house), to ensure the sustainability and preservation of cultural heritage for future generations to come. Keywords: physical characteristics; traditional Terengganu architecture; Terengganu identity; tourist attraction; coastal resort design

High energy efficient and configurable CIM macro for image processing

Traditional von Neumann architecture, characterized by separate memory and processing units connected by a limited-capacity memory bus, faces challenges in handling tasks with high energy efficiency requirements. In contrast, the compute-in-memory (CIM) architecture offers a promising alternative, facilitating high parallelism in data processing while integrating storage functions, thereby significantly reducing memory access frequency and power consumption. This study presents a fully digital CIM macro featuring a novel self-write-back 12T cell. This bitcell is capable of performing Boolean logic operations and autonomously writing back results into the in-situ cell, thereby significantly improving energy efficiency.This can be used for binary logical operations between each pixel of two images without requiring additional storage area. A bidirectional read/write architectural design enables matrix transposition. This can achieve image rotation.Additionally, this novel 12T cell also offers the option to choose not to write back the results of logical operations, thereby providing the flexibility and configurability for image processing. Combined with an adder tree, it enables multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operation for convolutional neural networks(CNNs). This can be used for feature extraction. We propose an 18T full adder structure with lower power-delay product than current state-of-the-art full adders, which is advantageous for improving the synthesis performance of the adder tree.The CIM macro supports a 4-bit × 4-bit MAC operation. The proposed CIM macro, designed and simulated using a 28 nm CMOS process with a 16 Kb static random access memory (SRAM), demonstrates promising results. At VDD = 0.9 V, the logic operation energy consumption is 1.35 fJ/bit with an energy efficiency of 740TOPS/W, and MAC operation energy consumption is 15.91 fJ/bit with an energy efficiency of 62.85 TOPS/W.

A Study of Consumer Behavior: Preferences for Vernacular and Modern Architecture in Hot and Dry Indian Regions

Global warming and energy shortages have become major global problems, with the building industry being a major energy consumer. Vernacular architecture, which has been developed over generations, is more adaptable to changing environments, including building orientation, form, spacing, layout orientation, and climatic features. This approach considers the home's aesthetics, physical characteristics, and social purposes, resulting in unique designs in hot, arid climate locations. Examples include Rajasthan and Gujarat, which use locally produced sandstone and lime, Jaali screens, and courtyard designs. Modern architecture in these areas integrates advanced materials, shading technologies, passive cooling techniques, and sustainable energy systems. This study aims to examine vernacularism's climatic adaptation, focusing on climatic adaptive technology and its potential in house shape, construction method, building components, and materials. The findings have implications for architects, urban planners, and policymakers seeking to create resilient and sustainable built environments that respect cultural identity while embracing innovation and local knowledge. The essay will examine 23 previous studies and the work of architects who have adapted traditional and vernacular architecture to create a new identity in architecture, showcasing the blending of traditional and vernacular architectural knowledge with contemporary technology and materials.

The Extraction of Roof Feature Lines of Traditional Chinese Village Buildings Based on UAV Dense Matching Point Clouds

Traditional Chinese buildings serve as a carrier for the inheritance of traditional culture and national characteristics. In the context of rural revitalization, achieving the 3D reconstruction of traditional village buildings is a crucial technical approach to promoting rural planning, improving living environments, and establishing digital villages. However, traditional algorithms primarily target urban buildings, exhibiting limited adaptability and less ideal feature extraction performance for traditional residential buildings. As a result, guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of 3D models for different types of traditional buildings remains challenging. In this paper, taking Jingping Village in Western Hunan as an example, we propose a method that combines multiple algorithms based on the slope segmentation of the roof to extract feature lines. Firstly, the VDVI and CSF algorithms are used to extract the building and roof point clouds based on the MVS point cloud. Secondly, according to roof features, village buildings are classified, and a 3D roof point cloud is projected into 2D regular grid data. Finally, the roof slope is segmented via slope direction, and internal and external feature lines are obtained after refinement through Canny edge detection and Hough straight line detection. The results indicate that the CSF algorithm can effectively extract the roofs of I-shaped, L-shaped, and U-shaped traditional buildings. The accuracy of roof surface segmentation based on slope exceeds 99.6%, which is significantly better than the RANSAC algorithm and the region segmentation algorithm. This method is capable of efficiently extracting the characteristic lines of roofs in low-rise buildings within traditional villages. It provides a reference method for achieving the high-precision modeling of traditional village architecture at a low cost and with high efficiency.

A synaptic transistor based on van der Waals heterojunction HfS2/HfOx/SnS2 with optical modulation properties

Neuromorphic devices, which break the traditional von Neumann architecture, have attracted much attention for their ability to mimic the perception, learning, and memory functions of the human brain. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are excellent candidates for building neuromorphic devices due to their atomic-level thickness and excellent optoelectronic properties. In this work, we designed a nonvolatile floating-gate synaptic device based on an HfS2/HfOx/SnS2 van der Waals heterostructure. This device exhibits a large memory window of 60 V, based on which synaptic properties, such as an excitatory postsynaptic current, and short-term and long-term plasticity, were simulated. In addition, the long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/D) characteristics of the device can be optically modulated. The device has a low nonlinearity of 0.22 for LTP, and the ratio of the number of effective conductance states was 93.3% under 532 nm illumination; this is an improvement on the levels reported using 2D-material floating-gate devices in recent years. This work offers the possibility of future applications of optoelectronic synaptic devices.

Artificial intelligence in changing pedagogical design

Introduction.The article examines the grounds for changing pedagogical design under the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) applications introduced into educational practices. The author, as the main thesis, asserts the idea that the active introduction of AI applications into the educational process leads to a «blurring» of the subjectivity of students and trainees, as well as to the «formation» of AI as a «third subject» in traditional dual educational interaction.Purpose setting. The relevance of considering this problem is associated with the uncertainty of the consequences of the introduction of AI into learning processes, a decrease in the «quality» of an individual’s personal choice, as well as a reduction of the index of his responsibility for this choice.Methodology and methods of the study.The article shows that modern changes in the educational space, both global and Russian, are associated with a number of factors. The change in traditional architecture, the transformation of values and meanings, the universalization of educational standards combined with the individualization of educational trajectories, the active «emigration» to the virtual world – all this differentiates the educational community, destroying its socio-cultural identity.Results.The article emphasizes the position that the impact of AI on changing the entire learning architecture requires not only new didactics, but also fundamentally changes the entire pedagogical design. The reduction of the so-called «routine work» (that is, the one that is easier to algorithmize) – the search for information, the creation of primary textual and visual materials, the «prompt of rational choices» of actual goal-setting and goal-realization (etc.) «replace» many characteristics in the scope of an individual’s subjectivity. This literally detaches learning from upbringing and thereby deprives education of its holistic justification as a platform for its unity.Conclusion.The virtualization of thinking and cognitive potentials determines the obvious inconsistency in the vectors of transformation of educational interactions. If the first vector is aimed at intensifying learning technologies through AI as a «tool», then the second contains conditions for «blurring» the responsibility of educational subjects through its «substitution and shifting» to impersonal subjects-avatars.

OneLog: towards end-to-end software log anomaly detection

With the growth of online services, IoT devices, and DevOps-oriented software development, software log anomaly detection is becoming increasingly important. Prior works mainly follow a traditional four-staged architecture (Preprocessor, Parser, Vectorizer, and Classifier). This paper proposes OneLog, which utilizes a single deep neural network instead of multiple separate components. OneLog harnesses convolutional neural network (CNN) at the character level to take digits, numbers, and punctuations, which were removed in prior works, into account alongside the main natural language text. We evaluate our approach in six message- and sequence-based data sets: HDFS, Hadoop, BGL, Thunderbird, Spirit, and Liberty. We experiment with Onelog with single-, multi-, and cross-project setups. Onelog offers state-of-the-art performance in our datasets. Onelog can utilize multi-project datasets simultaneously during training, which suggests our model can generalize between datasets. Multi-project training also improves Onelog performance making it ideal when limited training data is available for an individual project. We also found that cross-project anomaly detection is possible with a single project pair (Liberty and Spirit). Analysis of model internals shows that one log has multiple modes of detecting anomalies and that the model learns manually validated parsing rules for the log messages. We conclude that character-based CNNs are a promising approach toward end-to-end learning in log anomaly detection. They offer good performance and generalization over multiple datasets. We will make our scripts publicly available upon the acceptance of this paper.