Architectural Style Research Articles

The Artistic Impact of Computer-Aided Design on Building Façade in Nigeria

The visual landscape of our cities is ever- evolving, shaped by the architectural and embedded computer aided design marvels that adorn the urban fabric. Among the myriad elements that contribute to the allure of a building, the artistic impact on its facade holds a distinct significance. The facade, as the external face of a structure, acts as a canvas where artistry and design converge, manifesting an artistic expression that resonates with its surroundings and captivates the human eye. The interplay between art, computer and architecture has been a topic of fascination for centuries, as artists, computer aided design and architects have sought to transcend mere functionality and transform buildings into visually striking works of art. From ancient civilizations to modern metropolises, the artistic impact on building facades has been an enduring reflection of cultural heritage, societal values, and creative ingenuity. This journal aims to delve into the multifaceted aspects of artistic and computerization impact on building facades, exploring the diverse factors that shape this phenomenon and the profound influence it has on our built environment. By delving into the intricate interplay of aesthetics, functionality, and cultural context, we seek to unravel the power of artistic and automation expression in transforming buildings into iconic landmarks. Understanding the artistic and embedded system impact on building facades necessitates an exploration of various dimensions. Examining the influence of cultural context, as different regions and communities in Nigeria imbue their buildings with distinct artistic computerization styles, motifs, and themes rooted in their heritage and traditions. Additionally, architectural coupled with automation system style plays a pivotal role, as different design paradigms demand specific artistic elements and materials to achieve harmony and coherence between form and function. Furthermore, this journal will investigate the impact of the urban environment on artistic automation system expression. The surrounding cityscape, with its diverse architectural and computerization styles, urban planning principles, and contextual demands, serves as a backdrop against which building facades make their artistic and automation statements.

From an arasta bazaar to a piyasa street: the transformation of Direklerarası in Ottoman Istanbul from the 1720s to the 1920s

This article examines the transformation of Direklerarası Street, located on Istanbul’s historical Divanyolu, from the 1720s to the 1920s. Originally built in 1729 as an arasta to generate revenue for Ibrahim Pasha’s madrasa, it featured an innovative architectural style comprising rows of shops facing each other and colonnaded sidewalks. It served as a commercial and social centre for the Janissary Corps until their abolition in 1826. Around the 1860s, Direklerarası integrated into the entertainment and social milieu surrounding Beyazıt Square, particularly during the Ramadan months, and evolved into the primary promenade street of intramural Istanbul with the proliferation of literary cafés, teahouses, and theatres from the 1880s onwards. However, starting from the 1910s, changing socio-cultural and urban dynamics led to the decline of Direklerarası’s reputation and popularity. Conceptualizing Direklerarası as both a spatial entity and a reflection of the cultural dynamics of the late Ottoman capital, this article scrutinizes its transformation driven by social interactions, local entrepreneurship, and political interventions, focusing on spatial experiences, entertainment, spectacle, promenade culture, and clientele.

Architettura rurale in legno: i tabià della Valle del Biois nelle Dolomiti Venete7

This essay examines the evolution of rural wooden architecture in the Dolomite valleys, with a focus on the Valle del Biois in Veneto. The historical and cultural significance of these constructions is explored, tracing the increasing interest in these structures during the early 20th century to contemporary preservation and promotion efforts. The transformation of construction techniques and living habits due to emigration and industrial growth is analysed, with special attention to the variety of materials and architectural styles used. Understanding the constructive aspects of these buildings allows for a philologically coherent recovery and the development of practical instructions for their maintenance. The value of these artefacts must be promoted and conserved in a way that is consistent with the new economies and ways of life of Alpine regions. Despite the absence of any officially recognised institutional management, the importance of rural heritage is underlined and recognised through the creation of strategic programs for its valorisation. The author emphasises the urgency of a coordinated approach to the conservation of rural Alpine heritage, highlighting the importance of cooperation among regions and across disciplines.

AKULTURASI BUDAYA PADA INTERIOR ARSITEKTUR MASJID TUA AL-WAHHAB BONTANG

Mosque architecture evolutively moves forward towards greater perfection in terms of its perfection as a building and as a means of implementing Islamic teachings from time to time. Al-Wahhab Old Mosque is an old mosque and one of the milestones of the founding of Bontang City, which was built inseparable from social values and has a uniqueness in its architecture and interior design. This research raises the issue of the form and style of the interior architecture of the Al-Wahhab Old Mosque by using interpretative qualitative methods, namely, parsing various cultural facts contained in the object of research. The results showed that the continuous development carried out on the interior architecture of the Al-Wahhab Old Mosque from 2001 AD until 2018 AD, the style of the mosque form has a mixture of two or more cultures that meet and influence each other (cultural acculturation), namely the ancient Javanese mosque (mihrab, liwan / prayer room, and portico), the style of pre-existing Hindu temple buildings (mosque entrances and windows), the style of ancient Kalimantan mosques (minarets or minarets), the style of traditional Banjar tribal houses in South Kalimantan (auxiliary building walls and gate column walls), the Jepara motif style (pulpit podium), and the Indian flow dome style (dome roof of the mosque gate).

The role of artistic quality in a heritage architectural style in modulating tourist interest and aesthetic pleasure: a case study of Hui-style architecture in the Hongcun Scenic Area, China

ABSTRACT Aesthetic considerations are integral to the competitive advantage and value creation of tourism destinations. This study aims to explore the modulating role of the artistic quality of a heritage architectural style in tourists’ travel interest and aesthetic pleasure. Focusing on Hongcun, a renowned Hui-style architecture scenic area in China, this research employed public opinion surveys to quantitatively analyse travel interest, aesthetic pleasure, and the artistic quality of the architectural style (including variety, unity, typicality, and novelty). The results indicate that typicality and variety play a significant role in modulating the relationship between travel interest and aesthetic pleasure, whereas the modulating effects of unity and novelty are not significant. These findings deepen the understanding of how tourists’ aesthetic pleasure is impacted by their tourist interests. By demonstrating that tourists’ interests significantly enhance aesthetic pleasure and promote it through the typicality and variety of heritage architecture, they advance the theory of destination aesthetics in cultural heritage tourism. These insights guide tourism planners and heritage managers in designing interpretive content and tour itineraries that highlight the aesthetic value of heritage architecture, thereby enhancing the overall visitor experience.

Speech intelligibility evaluation of small-scale mosque with multiple domes design

PurposeMosques are built with dome-shaped ceilings for communal worship with common architectural styles worldwide for prayer. Since the acoustics of worship buildings are just as significant as their aesthetics, they should enhance people’s sense of hearing. This study evaluates the speech intelligibility of a small mosque with multiple domes to determine the space acoustic conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe investigation involved extensive literature reviews to collect relevant data to model the case study. The Enhanced Acoustics Simulator for Engineers (EASE) software program was used to integrate critical parameters such as the absorption coefficient of materials, dome shapes and the number of domes in the simulation. The study employed speech intelligibility parameters such as C50, S.T.I. and %ALcons to assess the acoustic conditions. The assessment model was validated through statistical analysis and a paired t-test.FindingsThe study discovered that varying shapes of the multiple domes showed no significant impact on speech intelligibility. However, different multiple domes materials resulted in significant disparities in speech intelligibility. Applying high-absorption materials in multiple dome designs achieved the most effective acoustic performance. Except for C50 in some circumstances and receiver positions, all other alternatives met the optimal value for overall speech intelligibility because the sound was not sufficiently diffused early on, suggesting that the early reflection sounds were either weak or insufficient.Originality/valueThis study not only helps to determine the multiple-dome effect on mosque acoustics but also empowers archaeoacoustics and historic conservation by documenting these significant places of worship. The findings advocate using high-absorption materials in multiple dome designs and offer practical insight into mosque design material selection. By enhancing the understanding of the acoustic conditions in small-scale mosques, this study equips architects, engineers and builders with the knowledge to create spaces prioritizing speech clarity and intelligibility.

Assessment of Ornamentation as a Cultural Identity of Mosques in Lagos State, Nigeria

Nigeria's distinctive indigenous architecture is influenced by many historical traditions. The mosque, as the community's principal place of prayer, stands out as a unique architectural style. This research aims to investigate and evaluate the role of ornamentation in mosques throughout Lagos State as a significant element of cultural identity. By analyzing the intricate decorative elements, this study illustrates the various cultural influences shaping these sacred spaces. Focusing on select mosques in Lagos, this work highlights the architectural evolution and its contribution to defining cultural identity in the region.

Generative Early Architectural Visualizations: Incorporating Architect's Style-trained Models

Abstract This study introduces a novel approach to architectural visualization using generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly emphasizing text-to-image (txt2img) technology, to remarkably improve the visualization process right from the initial design phase within the architecture, engineering, and construction industry. By creating >10,000 images incorporating an architect's personal style and characteristics into a residential house model, the effectiveness of base AI models. Furthermore, various architectural styles were integrated to enhance the visualization process. This method involved additional training for styles with low similarity rates, which required extensive data preparation and their integration into the base AI model. Demonstrated to be effective across multiple scenarios, this technique markedly enhances the efficiency and speed of production of architectural visualization images. Highlighting the vast potential of AI in design visualization, our study emphasizes the technology's shift toward facilitating more user-centered and personalized design applications.

Research on Low-Carbon Design and Energy Efficiency by Harnessing Indigenous Resources through BIM-Ecotect Analysis in Hot Climates

In the face of contemporary challenges, such as economic instability, environmental degradation, and the urgent global warming crisis, the imperative of sustainability and energy efficiency has reached unparalleled significance. Sustainability encompasses not only the natural environment, but also extends to our immediate surroundings, including the built structures and the communities they serve. Embracing this comprehensive perspective, we embarked on a mission to conceive and construct a model house that harnesses state-of-the-art energy-efficient technologies. Our goal was to seamlessly integrate these features not only to meet our sustainability objectives, but also to mitigate environmental threats.This model embodies a harmonious fusion of indigenous resources, employing locally sourced stone and employing traditional construction techniques. Through this approach, we achieved significant reductions in carbon emissions and established a framework for passive cooling and heating systems. Moreover, the design is intrinsically attuned to its contextual surroundings, preserving the diverse tapestry of regional architectural styles. This study stands as a testament to the potential of innovative design and technology in shaping a sustainable future. The research employs a multi-dimensional approach, encompassing strategies of architectural design with a traditional planning approach, sustainable material selection, energy efficiency, and life cycle assessment across a diverse set of case studies. Building energy analysis is conducted through the application of BIM (Ecotect), providing insights into how BIM can adapt and thrive in various environments. Key findings underscore that thermal performance, minimizing energy loads, and reducing carbon emissions are pivotal aspects in designating a building as both green and energy efficient.

Evaluation of Urban Complex Utilization Based on AHP and MCDM Analysis: A Case Study of China

In the context of intensive urban development, urban complexes have emerged as crucial public spaces that address the needs of urban populations. However, current research on urban complexes is predominantly qualitative and lacks a rigorous scientific and quantitative analysis. Therefore, this study employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct a standardized system encompassing five dimensions: spatial function, spatial perception, architectural style, surrounding environment, and energy-saving technology. The objective is to determine the weights of the indices that influence people’s use of urban complexes under the goal of “humanization”. Additionally, the study quantitatively analyzes key indices using spatial syntax and other analytical methods. Subsequently, we employ multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) analysis to examine three real-world cases in China, aiming to validate further the importance of the AHP + MCDM approach, which incorporates the TOPSIS method based on grey correlation. This methodology considers both the subjective factors of crowd evaluations of urban complex usage and the interrelationships among indicators, ensuring that the statistical calculations of the indicators remain objective and scientifically robust. The results indicate that (1) the degree of facility improvement has the greatest impact on the crowd’s use of urban complexes; (2) there is a discrepancy between the results of the TOPSIS method and the MCDM evaluation model, with the MCDM evaluation method aligning more closely with real-world scenarios; and (3) the Shanghai MOSCHINO received the highest evaluation score, while the Nanjing Central Emporium received the lowest. Finally, we discuss the experimental results and propose targeted strategies for optimizing the design of urban complexes to achieve the goal of “humanization”.

Development of a Method for Commercial Style Transfer of Historical Architectural Facades Based on Stable Diffusion Models.

In the sphere of urban renewal of historic districts, preserving and innovatively reinterpreting traditional architectural styles remains a primary research focus. However, the modernization and adaptive reuse of traditional buildings often necessitate changes in their functionality. To cater to the demands of tourism in historic districts, many traditional residential buildings require conversion to commercial use, resulting in a mismatch between their external form and their internal function. This study explored an automated approach to transform traditional residences into commercially viable designs, offering an efficient and scalable solution for the modernization of historic architecture. We developed a methodology based on diffusion models, focusing on a dataset of nighttime shopfront facades. By training a low-rank adaptation (LoRA) model and integrating the ControlNet model, we enhanced the accuracy and stability of the generated images. The methodology's performance was validated through qualitative and quantitative assessments, optimizing the batch size, repetition, and learning rate configurations. These evaluations confirmed the method's effectiveness. Our findings significantly advance the modern commercial style transformation of historical architectural facades, providing a novel solution that maintains the aesthetic and functional integrity, thereby fostering breakthroughs in traditional design thinking and exploring new possibilities for the preservation and commercial adaptation of historical buildings.

Acculturation of Religion and Culture Within Muslim Sundanese Society in West Java

This article explores the acculturation of culture and religion, focusing on the interaction between Islam and Sundanese culture in West Java, Indonesia. Early Islamic preachers employed accommodating strategies, integrating pre-existing cultural elements, which led to the development of a unique form of Islam in the region. The purpose of this article is to examine and highlight the ways in which Islam has blended with Sundanese culture in West Java. The study utilized a qualitative research approach, combining field research with data from both primary sources (observations and interviews) and secondary sources, such as books, scholarly articles, research reports, and other relevant materials. The data were displayed in a narrative-descriptive format and analyzed using the qualitative data analysis techniques including data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the long-standing process of acculturation between Islam and Sundanese culture in West Java has produced a distinct Sundanese culture influenced by Islamic principles. This is evident in elements such as the wawacan texts, which contain Islamic teachings, the prevalence of Islamic boarding schools, the practice of Islamic mysticism (Sufism-Tariqa), and the unique Islamic-Sundanese architectural style. The widespread acceptance of Islamic teachings among the Sundanese has led to the incorporation of these principles and traditions into Sundanese society, aligning them closely with Islamic values.

Research on the Enhancement of Chongqing Cyberpunk Cultural Tourism Experience under the Background of Culture and Tourism Integration

As a new trend in tourism and cultural development, the integration of culture and tourism is capturing the zeitgeist with its unique charm. In this context, various regions have explored distinctive cultural tourism resources and created unique tourism brands through in-depth exploration and innovation of local culture. Chongqing, with its unique geomorphological features and distinctive architectural style, retains the deep flavor of traditional Chinese culture while cleverly integrating the futuristic sense of modern technology. This combination aligns perfectly with today’s popular Chinese cyberpunk style, making Chongqing an ideal place for the development of cyberpunk cultural tourism. This article investigates the history of cyberpunk culture and its current development status in Chongqing through a literature review. It then discusses the feasibility of developing cyberpunk cultural tourism in terms of social and cultural development needs and market demand. Based on a survey of cyberpunk tourists’ experiences, the article deeply analyzes the existing problems of cyberpunk cultural tourism in Chongqing and proposes corresponding experience enhancement strategies, aiming to provide references for the development of cyberpunk cultural tourism in Chongqing Municipality.

Analyzing the Architectural Style of Railway Stations Based on Geometry and Visual Complexity: Case Studies of Liaoning Terminal and Beijing Railway Station on the Peking–Mukden Railway

Analyzing the Architectural Style of Railway Stations Based on Geometry and Visual Complexity: Case Studies of Liaoning Terminal and Beijing Railway Station on the Peking–Mukden Railway

Enhancing urban identity through the refined management of architectural styles: insights from Wuhan

ABSTRACT The shaping of urban features is profoundl influenced by the underlying urban context, and architectural features and style management are important parts of the protection and cultivation of urban identity. However, in China, oversight in managing the urban context often results in neglect of the cultural values embedded in architectural aspects at the micro level. This, in turn, contributes to the convergence and disorder of urban architectural features and styles. This study builds upon the significance of the urban context and takes the typical Chinese megacity Wuhan as a case study. First, the research systematically outlines the diachronic development of architectural features and styles in Wuhan and meticulously analyses the prevailing problems. Subsequently, an evaluation is conducted on the efficacy of existing architectural features and style management policies and the approval processes for architectural schemes. Finally, the research formulates a comprehensive architectural feature and style management and implementation system that harmonizes Wuhan’s urban cultural heritage and urban identification characteristics. This paper aims to contribute to the refinement of urban identity management and the preservation of architectural diversity to foster a more cohesive and culturally resonant urban environment in Wuhan.

Соціотопографія Вільнюса в XVII–XVIII ст.: основні особливості та напрямки розвитку

The article summarises the characteristics of the development of the Vilnius community in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, regarding the context of historical events between the 17th and 18th centuries. The summary is part of a scientific project carried out between 2018 and 2021, based on a research of real estate registers and lists of taxes collected by the magistrate. The research used a statistical method, a spatial relational database and the structured query language (SQL) as well as Python programming language libraries NumPy and Pandas for managing and analysing big data. A detailed description of the study and its results can be found in the collective monograph published in 2021. Based on these sources, the value of real estate in different districts of Vilnius, spatial distribution, size and function of the buildings as well as the distribution of their owners in the city between first half of the 17th and the end of the 18th century were analysed. It was determined that frequent large fires were causing the biggest changes to the spatial structure of Vilnius. The greatest changes in demography and sociotopography were recorded after the occupation of Vilnius by the Moscow army between 1655 and 1661 and plague outbreaks in 1657 and between 1709 and 1710. During these times, the city has lost between 30 and 50 percent of its population. As a result, the mediaeval spatial structure of the old city gradually disappeared and its current appearance was formed with large, almost completely built-up plots of land, elite residences and dominant brick architecture of the Baroque style. The social structure has been partially changed. Poor townspeople and some artisans moved from the city centre to the suburbs. In the fortified centre, most real estate passed from the hands of ordinary citizens to wealthy individuals and organisations, who often acquired entire groups of empty land areas. However, some characteristics of the sociotopography of the 16th and first half of the 17th centuries remained unchanged, including the locations of some areas where social groups were living.

Role of Culture in Architecture Style: Efficiency of Courtyard as a Cultural Element in Yoruba Architecture

Role of Culture in Architecture Style: Efficiency of Courtyard as a Cultural Element in Yoruba Architecture

Investigating the impact of building facades and finishing materials on the sustainable architectural identity of housing: A case study of Kabul

The architectural identities of a city and its surroundings are crucial for maintaining its quality and preserving its unique features. The cities of Afghanistan have undergone significant changes in their identities due to various internal and external factors. These factors have altered or destroyed the identity of the city, leading to the loss of architectural identity and increased confusion in numerous cities in Afghanistan. Throughout history, the city of Kabul, the largest city, has struggled to maintain an identifiable architectural style due to the rapid growth of informal settlements. Recently, large glass and synthetic material facades have become prominent features of Kabul’s urban landscape. These structures represent a new era of modernity, in contrast to the traditional mud-colored buildings that have long dominated the city’s architecture style. The purpose of this research is to explore the influence of building façades and finishing materials on Kabul's sustainable architectural identity, with the goal of studying the relationship between residential building design features and the city's cultural, social, and historical environment. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, which involves conducting a comprehensive literature analysis and a field study that involves collecting data through observations, interviews, and questionnaires to achieve its objectives. The findings indicate that the selection of building façades and finishing materials has a significant impact on the sustainable architectural identity of Kabul. This study offers valuable insights for policymakers, architects, urban planners, and other stakeholders involved in shaping a sustainable built environment for Kabul and other similar cities in Afghanistan.

(UN) COVERING KARACHI: THE CREATION OF A BRITISH VISUAL LANGUAGE IN SINDH

Karachi, a city of 14000 people, was evolving as an important port for strategic geopolitical reasons and increasing trade at the time of the British conquest in 1843. However, it was not equipped with the infrastructure — such as an all-weather port — required for its continued economic progress. The fort town had a Chabutra (Custom House), shrines, temples, and caravanserais interspersed among the large havelis and houses of Hindu merchants and government functionaries. Neither the fort nor the Chabutra survived British colonial rule in Sindh. In fact, in keeping with their plans for the city, the British demolished these structures fairly early on in their rule of Sindh. The subsequent establishment of British institutions and political infrastructure was reinforced by the construction of buildings and monuments that looked distinctly European in style. This was not only because of the architectural styles employed in these buildings but also in the choice of ornamentation. For example, by patronizing artisans that were well versed in stone engravings and sculpture making, the British shifted attention away from the art of traditional frescoes, painting, and glazed tiles. This paper explores how the Occident imported architectural and visual cultural styles and forms into their colonies to create an entirely new visual language for their colonized subjects in South Asia. It argues that this was done deliberately to ensure political legitimacy in the eyes of their subjects as well as to highlight their own cultural superiority. The lack of native creative expression and the emergence of the modernist movement eventually led to their disappearance from structures built after Independence. This was a colonial project deeply entrenched in discourses of racism and inequality. Keywords: Colonial Architecture, Hegemony, Tradition, Architectural Movements, Colonialism

PENGGUNAAN MOTIF DAN ORNAMENTASI CINA DALAM PEMBINAAN RUMAH WARISAN: KAJIAN KE ATAS RUMAH DEMANG ABDUL GHANI

The Demang Abdul Ghani House is a heritage residence that has been gazetted as a museum under the Malacca State Heritage Department. Built at the end of the 18th century, this house holds high artistic value as it incorporates a mix of diverse motifs and architectural styles, including English, Javanese, Portuguese, Dutch, and Chinese. However, this study focuses solely on the Chinese motifs and ornamentation present in the house. The first objective of this research is to examine the forms of Chinese motifs and ornamentation found in the house. The second objective is to explore the underlying meanings behind the use of these Chinese motifs in the house. This study employs observational methods to collect data and descriptive methods to interpret each motif. The findings reveal that the Chinese motifs and ornamentation in the house fall into three categories: floral, animal, and cosmic. All these motifs are interrelated and possess implicit meanings believed to bring benefits and prosperity to the house's occupants, according to Chinese philosophy and culture.