Archaic Thinking Research Articles

К ВОПРОСУ О ЦЕЛОСТНОСТИ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОГО МИРА ПИСАТЕЛЯ (на материале текстов Г. Ф. Лавкрафта)

The foundations of the wholeness of H. P. Lovecraft’s artistic world are revealed in the article. On the basis of plot and motif connections between separate texts, the writer constructs a mythology that uses the specifics of archaic thinking. The core of the system is the poetic cycle “Fungi from Yuggoth”: the thematic organization and symbolism of the sonnets manifest many similarities with prose texts. The interaction of poetic and prose components is of a synthetic nature and has forms of metrized prose, prose poetry, intertextual parallelism. The components of the artistic world are combined into an anti-anthropocentric theory of the indifferent universe, developed in hybrid genre coordinates of the Gothic and science fiction.

PARADOX OF VIOLENCE

The article raises the question of the reason for the constant violent actions, primarily military, despite their long-standing universal condemnation. This brings us back to the problem of the ontology of violence. The author proposes an approach based on the understanding of violence as labor with excessive use of force. This is due to the archaic understanding of power as a source of the sacred. Truth is an attribute of the sacred in archaic thinking. Here the connection arises: power - the sacred (deity) - truth. Thus, for the archaic mind, force (and violence), the sacred and truth were different projections-realizations of one essence. The civilizational model of the world suggests a different connection with the sacred and truth. It contains at its core not the principles of a single truth, but the principles of cooperation and coexistence of different positions instead of subordination to one unity. The old model of violence as a way of participating in the truth of the object and confirming the sacred status of the subject is still valid in the modern world. According to the author, violence has an ontological dimension in the old model of a single truth, but cannot have it within the civilizational approach. The modern civilizational model can oppose force only by persuasion or the reasonable use of force. This state of affairs makes it difficult to spread the civilizational approach.

Guitar Music of Celso Garrido-Lecca: Modern Projections of Peruan Traditions

The relevance of the article is to deepen the analytical aspect of knowledge about Peruan guitar music of the late 20th – early 21st centuries in the context of the renewal of genre traditions of Andean music on the example of works by Celso Garrido-Lecca. Main objective of the study is to determine the influence of Peruvian traditions on the guitar music of Celso Garrido-Lecca in the conditions of modern creative contexts. The methodology includes methods of historical, comparative, phenomenological, structural and functional analysis for: contextual consideration of the composer's creative activity; study of genre and style elements of Peruvian music traditions of folk, professional and non-academic origin in their interaction with the academic language of new music; comparison of the genealogy of rhythmic structures and their manifestations in the researched works; correlation of associative-figurative series with timbral connotations, specific genres and intonation and chord patterns. Results and conclusions. The study of the guitar music of the contemporary Peruvian composer Celso Garrido-Lecca performed by masters of academic art opens interesting pages of the new South American repertoire. Loyalty to the folklore traditions of his country, the study of timbre specificity and aesthetics of the Andean sound, the organology of ancient aerophones and local analogues of the charango, the collective practice of music making, as well as the ethnic language elements of the music of the coastal regions have affected the author's guitar works. Household traditions of Peruvian culture are identified in the sound atmosphere of the new vocabulary of the European model - polytonal “collage” music layers, constructivist modal octatonic arrangements, in the context of serial elements and polystylistic overlays of “foreign” texts. The genealogy of the rhythms deciphered in the composer's guitar opuses indicates a closeness to specific genre features: the Andean rhythm formulas of the huáyno, the Afro-Peruvian festejo, the ancient figures of the landó, the Creole samacueca, the tondero and the marinera with Iberian roots. The author resorted to quoting folklore sources in "Popular Andean Dances" with their updating with musical means of modern vocabulary; imitated the timbres of Andean flute orchestras in the cycle “Poetics” in the guitar parts; introduced the Andean charango of the Ayacuchan model into the scores of the orchestral versions of his suites; in the part of the instrumental duet of charango and guitar. In Celso Garrido-Lecca's guitar works, syntheses of archaic thinking of folkloric Andean chants, hybrid origins of poetics of local Creole and Afro-Peruvian rhythms with new language and intonation paradigms of academic art are organically embodied. Research perspectives are seen in the study of the influence of Peruvian culture on the modern non-academic traditions.

The Eternal Resurgences of Myth

The article tried to show that myth appears as an attempt to construct, at the intuitive-figurative level of perception, the integral image of the Universe, capable of generalizing the empirical experience and completing its limits. The mythical way of conceptualizing is associated with a certain type of thinking, which is specific to primitive thinking in general and to certain levels of consciousness, especially collective consciousness. The premises of mythological thinking as archaic thinking are the non-isolation of man from nature, the features of the diffusion of thought, the inseparability of the logical sphere from the emotional one. Hence the humanization of nature, the metaphorical comparison and even the identification of natural objects with cultural ones, the universal personification, the representation of the universal as a sensitive concrete, the distinction of an object and a sign. A feature of mythological consciousness is the establishment of imaginary connections between various phenomena. Elements of mythological thought persist in Modern Mass Consciousness Myths in the figurative sense are divorced from reality, concepts, and rational states of consciousness, and are in a perpetual, eternal evolution.

Theorizing Language Evolution Using NCT and Conlangs: An Etiological Study

Decades of scholarly work has displaced previously accepted assumptions of the separation of cognitive and cultural, and hence as two separate entities. Notably, interventions of those scholars such as Bouchard, Arbib, and Odling-Smee, have effectively positioned this older and more archaic thinking. In this paper, we posit that the propensity for constructivism in human languages has not been sufficiently studied. To this, we propose Niche Construction Theory, a framework with which to address this gap. We also juxtapose natlangs (natural languages) with conlangs (constructed languages) in order to clarify the effectiveness of each. To facilitate this discussion, we propose the following points: Conlang origins are well-known, the study of conlangs has tangible evidence of manipulation of language elements, and the study of conlangs can further our understanding of natlangs. We draw on multiple fields to effect this anthropological study. Our literature in this paper has invited our use of Bouchard’s concept of Offline Base Systems (OBS) to respond to questions of the characteristics and mechanics of language vis-à-vis ethnological work. For this, we turn to issues of embodiment, to then extend this to other consequences of and motives for developing conlangs and hence language evolution, such as language disabilities and impairments, a field which is still in its infancy. A focus on language construction using conlangs to test OBS promises another avenue to explore language evolution.

Synchronisms in the mythological worldview of the proto-Kazakhs and ancient Indians

A comparative study of the mythological worldview and the “mythological language” of modern peoples allows us to trace the general points inherent in archaic thinking and the symbolic universe of mankind as a whole. Expressing the world figuratively and symbolically, the “mythological language” synchronizes the rhythms of human existence and the cosmos, thus there is an interpenetration of man and nature, the animation of the cosmos and the cosmization of mythological consciousness. An analysis of cosmological, anthropological and sociogenetic representations in ancient Indian and proto-kazakh mythology makes it possible to comprehend the common patterns of world outlook and spiritual development of the world of the two peoples. Pre-Islamic archetypes of the proto-Kazakh's worldview find their expression in Tengrianism and the cult of shamanism. These beliefs are characterized by a figurative and symbolic understanding of the unity of the world and man. During the period of the spread of Islamic civilization in Central Asia and the dominance of Islam in the religious consciousness, ancient beliefs continue to exist in the everyday life of peoples in the form of various superstitions and prohibitions, rituals and customs. However, the structural-linguistic and hermeneutic analysis of these phenomena of everyday life makes it possible to highlight the role and significance of ethno-mental archetypes in the spiritual attitudes and value orientations of modern peoples. Key words: Archetype, mythology, ritual, religious consciousness, spiritual values.

Фольклорно-мифологические образы и мотивы в поэзии Николая Клюева

The article shows how N. Klyuev’s lyrical poetry correlates with Slavic mythological consciousness manifesting itself in the form of animalism, anthropomorphism, totemism, fetishism. The paper aims to reveal poet’s mythological conceptions by the example of cosmogonic images (Sun, Sky, Earth, Fire, Time, World Tree species, Peasant Hut). Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that N. Klyuev’s creative work has not been previously investigated in this aspect. The conducted research allows concluding that N. Klyuev’s poetry is characterized by folklore-mythological images and motives. His poetical works represent ancient Slavic religious-mythological consciousness, archaic thinking.

Transhumanistic Aspects of the Artificial Life Mythologeme in the Ancient World

The aim of the paper is to study mythological transhumanism in the context of the problem of artificial life in the ancient world.
 The relevance of this study is determined by the significant growth of the role of the posthumanism research in the context of the rapid development of modern high technologies. The study of the features of the mythological transhumanism representation in the ancient world reveals the archetypic patterns of ideas about the essence of human and the limits of humanity — both in traditional and in modern culture, and it provides an insight of the prospects of human existence. Still, there are few studies that reveal the presence or absence of ancient transhumanistic intentions in culture and analyze the ideals associated therewith.
 Novelty. This is the first attempt of analyzing the issue of mythological transhumanism in the culture of the ancient world.
 Research methodology. The author used comparative mythology, historical­genetic, structural analysis, semiotic, hermeneutic and axiological analyses within the framework of cultural studies.
 Results. The phenomenon of mythological transhumanism and the problem of artificial life in the ancient world were studied. In contrast to the common scientific ideas implying that transhumanistic intentions of humanity and reflections on the creation of artificial life are a late cultural phenomenon, the research allows us to claim that mythological transhumanism is already represented in the archaic and ancient world culture. This suggests that transhumanistic thinking is universal in culture. It was found out that the archaic consciousness does not see fundamental difference between the subjects, which create artificial life. In archaic myths, it can be either a person or a demiurge — an ancestor or a deity. The binary opposition “man — god” and “alive — dead” is blurred in archaic thinking. Along with the clarification of hierarchical power structures in the worldview, the mythologeme of the divine creation of artificial life begins to dominate. In the mythology of the ancient world, the anthropogony of the demiurge is often regarded as unsuccessful: the demiurge is like a person and his actions are imperfect. The archetypic image of the “unfinished man”, widespread in ancient myths, represents the ideas of modern posthumanists that human evolution should continue through the enhancement of “human nature” with high technologies.
 The practical significance. The information of this article may be useful for the scholars, researchers of culture and for teaching various educational courses.

Images in Archaic Thinking

Images permeate and propel archaic thinking in diverse ways. How do philosophic texts from the Greek archaic period (ca. eighth through early-fifth centu­ries BCE) conceive of images and what do images accomplish in archaic philosophies? In what ways can attention to images in philosophic texts open perspectives onto the relations of myth, poetry, and philosophy in the archaic Greek period? With these questions guiding the inquiry, this paper explores texts from various traditions jointly related within the archaic Aegean cultural matrix. Texts from what might be termed philosophy’s prehistory, such as the ancient Egyptian Leiden Hymns and Odysseia, pro­vide important context for understanding the continuity and development of images.

Идейное наследие Шарля де Голля. II. Национальная парадигма. Часть 2. Концепт величия Франции

The imperative of France's grandeur was one of de Gaulle’s national idea essential elements which is as widely known as it is often misinterpreted. Although such classical vocabulary was disappearing from European political discourse, the founder of Gaullism used the notion of greatness strongly rooted in French political culture as a mobilizing symbolic force for meeting crucial domestic challenges. The motive of greatness was also closely linked with the principles of France’s autonomy and global responsibility, on which de Gaulle pivoted the positioning of the Fifth Republic in the post-war world. All this conflicted with the supranational Euro-Atlantic project, which was the main reason for the sharp negativism against de Gaulle's strategy and rhetoric, accused of "archaic thinking" by his opponents. In fact, the "last great Frenchman’s” concept of "greatness" was quite unorthodox in its reasoning and content, which are of particular interest as part of his relevant ideological legacy. Instead of axiomatic superiority, restoration of former power, civilizing mission, he insisted on the importance of high goal setting, vast undertakings and historical actorness, which were in de Gaulle’s view the existential imperative of French history.

Понятие «оружие» в англосаксонской поэме «Юдифь»

The article examines the lexical units representing the concept “weapon” of the Anglo-Saxon period. Using the structural-semantic and historical-etymological analysis method, the author identifies and describes types of attack weapon and defensive weapon. Formation of these conceptions and their evolution in the language are traced. The findings justify the thesis that object nomination was based on metonymic transfer. It testifies to the dominance of mythological consciousness, figurativeness and diffuseness of archaic thinking. The research findings promote deeper understanding of the Anglo-Saxon historical worldview.

Romance «Blacked Night» by O. Tadeush based on Sappho’s poem: dialogue in “large time”

Romance «Blacked Night» by O. Tadeush based on Sappho’s poem: dialogue in “large time”

Archaic social Vocabulary in Northern Lamentations by E. V. Barsov

This article focuses on the understudied issue connected with the analysis and processing of the vocabulary of Northern Lamentations gathered by E. V. Barsov, which remains an important problem of modern linguistics and folklore studies. Many words present in this collection cannot be found in dialect dictionaries and therefore are not studied by dialectologists, etymologists or ethnolinguists. Such lexemes which could be considered archaic because of their disappearance from speech as early as the second half of the nineteenth century, frequently reflect rituals underlying them and archaic semantic models, ancient myths, and peculiarities of archaic thinking and, of course, need to be interpreted. In this article, the author continues the analysis of some lexemes from Northern Lamentations , particularly interesting from the point of view of semantics, motivation, word formation, and linguistic geography. The article refers to social vocabulary, i.e. some kinship terms ( племнятки ‘nephews’, нешутка ‘a daughter-in-law’), terms denoting age and gender ( благоденец ‘an infant’), names of people and objects making part of the wedding ritual ( россказ ‘a great matchmaker’, стережатый , бережатый ‘a wedding sorcerer, guarding the wedding ceremony from evil curse’, перезовнички ‘male relatives of the bride’, правоплечничка ‘the bride’s female friend sitting on her right during the wedding’, верстать ‘to marry, to wed’, кайётная неделька ‘a period after the wedding when the newlyweds get disappointed with each other and repent’), characteristics of people, including epithets ( нечехушка ‘a slattern, a bungler’, задумный ‘intimate, cherished’).

On an archaic way of motivation of meaning in interpretation of dreams

The article describes ways of interpretation of dreams based on language assonance (rhyme, anaphora, anagram etc.) as a specific type of verbal magic. The genre of interpretation of dreams is defined through the archaic function of divination and prophecy applied in the process of interpretation, as well as through language archaism of magic qualities of sound repetitions that shape a binary interpretive formula. Motivation of symbolic meanings based on sound proximity of words give an idea about ways of creating a mythopoetic image of the world and peculiarities of archaic language thinking.

A FUNCTIONAL ILLUSION: THE YOUNG WOMAN OF ROMANIAN FANTASTIC FAIRY TALE

The true conductor element of the Romanian fairytale, the young woman, proves to be, in the light of the examples under discussion, both an anthropological reality and a source of mythfolkoric imagination, generating in the real objective an unrealistic subjective aspiration designed to create significant models for traditional thinking. Objects of irresistible attraction, sometimes even from the foetal stage, so that young women often have connotated cosmic attributes, from different worlds / dimensions various from those of a hero and who also reveals the functional dimension which the anonymus fairy tale author or the performer gives it to imagination. The present study is an integral part of a series of studies dedicated to the Romanian fairytale antropology. A series of studies who tries,to outline the veracious universe of archaic thinking that produces and consumes products of the traditional imaginary. And, at psychological level, what occasion could be more appropiate than the young woman, depositary of qualities and physical characteristics above average, loved and / or assidous “hunted" by the Romanian fairytale hero?

Особенности связи слогана с архаическим мышлением с точки зрения реализации чувственно-образной составляющей

The problem this article deals with is connected to interaction of slogan with the archaic thinking. According to the aims of this study, there is proven that slogan is an advertising text with all pragmatic and stylistic features of that. Therefore, slogan also possesses the synergetic discourse categories: meaningimage, emotivity, valuation, interdiscoursivity / intertextuality, tensity, and tension. Slogan can attract attention and stick to one’s memory but it is not vouched that the recipient of this slogan will make his choice in favor to the ware advertised. Therefore, the features of archaic thinking are stated briefly because the study investigates main linguistic means appealing to perceptual-meaningimage part of archaic thinking. The study contains complex linguistic analysis of slogans in terms of realization of perceptual-meaningimage part in them. While analyzing the lexical part of slogans from our corpus we have discovered three main ways of actualizing the meaningimage category.

Ritual discourse about christmas entertainments in bukovinian dialects: ethnocultural and linguistic aspects

The purpose of the article is to elucidate the ethnocultural and linguistic specifics of the dialect discourse about Christmas entertainment in Bukovinian dialects, to describe the relics of the archaic (mythological) thinking of the nation. The article uses descriptive, structural, comparative-typological methods of research, as well as a modeling method. With the help of the descriptive method observations on the actual material are generalized, the structural method allowed to inventory and systematize language phenomena, comparative-typological - to emphasize the specificity of linguistic phenomena. The simulation is used to analyze the structure of the DT. Scientific novelty. For the first time in Ukrainian linguistics, a system analysis of the dialect discourse on Christmas entertainments on the material of Bukovynian dialects was carried out, and a linguistic manifestation of the ethno-cultural specificity of DTs was clarified. Conclusions. In the dialectal discourse of Christmas, recreations of secular character (dances) and religious-secular (caroling) are reproduced. Ethnocultural specifics of DT Bukovynian dialects are emphasized by cultural terms, among which there are many local cultural concepts - indissoluble word combinations.

Somatic cultural code of Ukrainians through the prism ofperceptive stereotyping

Anthropocentric principle and cognitive and discursive paradigm, which today are leading in the linguistics, condition the study of complex cognitive processes, in which ethnocultural perceptive stereotypes play special role as important components of linguocultural space, which are able to act as the translator of somatic cultural code of Ukrainians and to reveal the depths of sacral essence of archaic thinking of the ethnos through the system of natural ethnically deep-rooted codes. Against the background of significant variety of anthropological types of Ukrainian population modern Ukrainian language reproduces the sign of pigmentation (the thing is about the colour of eyes, hair coat and skin), which is exclusively significant as the test for the belonging to an ethnic group, and aspect in the generalization of popular ideal of physical beauty of the representatives of Ukrainian ethnos. Anthropological approach permits to determine intuitively realized originality of the appearance of the representative of ethnic group, as well as to substantiate ethnically relevant test for the sense of the beautiful.

MYTHOLOGIC AND DESTRUCTION OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND ARCHAIC CONSCIOUSNESS (TRAVELING TO SOURCES OF PRESOCRATIC THINKING)

Purpose. The purpose of research consists in that: having plunged into depths of primitive consciousness (using the recipe of many thinkers of non-classical philosophy), to reveal contradiction of the European thought (at its sources) in Ancient Greek thought and show resources of mythological thinking on the way of overcoming of these contradictions. Methodology. All methodological installations, using possibilities, borderlines and effects of non-classical consciousness, have appeared insufficiently effective for adequate understanding of essence of the person. The generalised method, which is used by us, leans on deep resources of high-energy consciousness and on decoding of possibilities of anthropological time that it presumes to open new horizons of human existence. Originality. Addressing to modern representations about the changed conditions of consciousness, we have tried to see the historically generated discursive practices of understanding reality by the consciousness (including the historical one). Thus, using the consistently conducted destruction we are aimed at reaching the first sources of consciousness and revealing the deep historical mechanisms of temporal consciousnesses formation (as far as it possible in the modern conditions). Conclusions. It is shown that the use of the basic ideas of Ancient Greek thought leads scientific consciousness to deadlocks of contradictions, which were consistently revealed during subsequent history of philosophy and culture. The analysis of ancient mythological texts allows concluding, that the Greek thought is not a source of modern scientific thought. That is to understand the scientific thought one should address to the more ancient archaic thinking. Thus, to overcome the contradictions of modern scientific and philosophical thought it is necessary to search new alternative (more ancient) sources of understanding of the historical reality, first of all, connected with deepening into ancient (mythological) thought.

Смерть у відеоіграх у контексті процесів реміфологізації

The article examines the problem of the image of death in videogames in the context of remythologization processes, activization of archaic thinking rudiments. We consider the close relationship of the videogames phenomenon with concepts such as ritual, magic, soul, embodiment. Author analyzes the representation of life and death in an interactive world, their characteristics and the main varieties. This article touches the moral aspect of the image of death in the interactive works, their emotional components. The article contains brief history of basic concepts of life and death in games. It substantiates the important value of video games for the researches of specifics of the modern neomythological outlook. The position of the author is supported by the authoritative works on mythology, primitive thought and the history of videogames. Narration of the base material is accompanied by examples of the most famous or important games.