Aqueous Glycerol Solutions Research Articles

Macroscale Superlubricity of Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots

In the present work, Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots (BPQDs) were synthesized via sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. The average size of the BPQDs was 3.3 ± 0.85 nm. The BPQDs exhibited excellent dispersion stability in ultrapure water. Macroscale superlubricity was realized with the unmodified BPQDs on rough Si3N4/SiO2 interfaces. A minimum coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.0022 was achieved at the concentration of 0.015 wt%. In addition, the glycerol was introduced to promote the stability of the superlubricity state. The COF of the BPQDs-Glycerol aqueous solution (BGaq) was 83.75% lower than that of the Glycerol aqueous solution (Gaq). Based on the above analysis, the lubrication model was presented. The hydrogen-bonded network and silica gel layer were formed on the friction interface, which played a major role in the realization of macroscale superlubricity. In addition, the adsorption water layer could also prevent the worn surfaces from making contact with each other. Moreover, the synergistic effect between BPQDs and glycerol could significantly decrease the COF and maintain the superlubricity state. The findings theoretically support the realization of macroscale superlubricity with unmodified BPQDs as a water-based lubrication additive.

MODELING OF INTRA-ARTERIAL CIRCULATION: APPLICATION IN EXPERIMENTAL CARDIOLOGY

im of our investigation is to evaluate the use of the device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation and substantiate the possibility of its use in experimental cardiology. Materials and methods. The principle part of the model is the cone-shaped narrowed glass cylinder 365 mm long with an inlet diameter of 20 mm, an outlet diameter of 16,5 mm. Two-way fitting with a rubber valve is screwed from the input side. Flexible silicone tubes are attached to both sides of the cylinder, with the other end attached to an electric water pump. The water pump is connected with 12 Volt battery. In one of the outer corners, we insert a needle for introducing dyes (clerical ink) and a silk thread through the fitting valve into the glass tube. We filled the closed circuit with an aqueous solution of glycerin, the viscosity of which was similar to the blood. The water pump provides continuous or intermittent circulation of the glycerin solution in a closed system. We observed the thread movements and turbulent flow colored by the ink during the spread of the pulse waves. Results. We simulated the pulse waves occurring in the regular heart rhythm, as well as arrhythmias. When simulating the extrasystoles, we observed a turbulent fluid flow during the spread of the 1st post-extrasystolic wave behind the installed diaphragm. With the spreading of the 1st post-extrasystolic wave, the pressure level inside the tube is increased in comparison with the regular rhythm. Conclusion. Device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation is simple and reliable in its construction. It imitates the intra-arterial processes in different hemodynamic situations, such as regular heart rhythm, arrhythmias, and atherosclerotic plaques. It can be used in the wide spectrum of experimental works in cardiology, vascular surgery, physiology, pathophysiology, biophysics.

A novel method to measure the thermal diffusivity of transparent materials

The refractive index of a liquid is known to depend strongly on the temperature gradient of liquids. When a laser beam passes through a transparent material going through thermal diffusion, the light projected onto a screen will be displaced in relation to the thermal diffusivity. A simple apparatus is used to measure the time evolution t of the laser beam displacement h and/vs. the position of the laser beam on the liquid container y whose liquid medium is going through thermal diffusion. Thermal diffusion dynamics can then be revealed. The thermal diffusivity of glycerol, ethanol, DI water, and NaCl aqueous solution has been measured. This simple procedure can demonstrate refractive index and thermal diffusivity in advanced high school physics courses.

Design of Model Fluids for Flow Characterization Experiments Involving Mixing of Dissimilar Fluids—Refractive Index Matching and Physical Properties

Aqueous solutions of glycerol are widely used as model fluids in flow phenomena experiments. The design of these experiments involves the description of the physical properties of liquids and the refractive index matching using a salt, i.e., calcium chloride. The first part of this paper describes the physical properties of aqueous solutions of glycerol. Refractive index, viscosity, and density were measured for a mass fraction of glycerol in a range from 0 to 1 and compared to the data in the literature. In the second part, calcium chloride was added to aqueous solutions of glycerol, and the variations of density, viscosity, and refractive index with the mass fraction of calcium chloride were reported, which is a new contribution to literature. The main novelties of this work are (1) the development and validation of a set of equations to predict the rheological and physical properties of model fluids for flow studies involving dissimilar fluids; (2) the introduction of an algorithm to match the refractive index of fluids using calcium chloride. The model fluids are designed for large throughput experiments of industrial units, and low-cost solutions were considered. A Matlab script is provided that enables the easy implementation of this method in other works.

On the influence of hydrothermal treatment pH on the performance of Bi2WO6 as photocatalyst in the glycerol photoreforming.

Solar driven semiconductor-based photoreforming of biomass derivatives, such as glycerol is a sustainable alternative towards green hydrogen evolution concerted with production of chemical feedstocks. In this work, we have investigated the influence of the pH of the hydrothermal treatment on the efficiency of Bi2WO6 as photocatalyst in the glycerol photoreforming. Bi2WO6 is pointed as a promising material for this application due its adequate band gap and the ability to promote hole transfer directly to glycerol without formation of non-selective ⋅OH radicals. Samples prepared at neutral to moderate alkaline conditions (pH = 7-9) are highly crystalline, while those prepared in acidic media (pH = 0-2) exhibit higher concentrations of oxygen vacancies. At pH = 13, the non-stoichiometric Bi(III)-rich phase Bi3.84W0.16O6.24 is formed. All samples were fully characterized towards their optical and morphological properties. UV-Vis irradiation of the photocatalysts modified with 1% m/m Pt and in the presence of 5% v/v aqueous glycerol solution leads to H2 evolution and glycerol oxidation. The sample prepared at pH = 0 exhibited the highest photonic efficiency (ξ) for H2 evolution (1.4 ± 0.1%) among the investigated samples with 99% selectivity for simultaneous formic acid formation. Similar performance was observed for the non-stoichiometric Bi3.84W0.16O6.24 sample (ξ = 1.2 ± 0.1% and 88% selectivity for formic acid), whereas the more crystalline sample prepared at pH = 9 was less active (ξ = 0.9 ± 0.1%) and leads to multiple oxidation products. The different behaviors were rationalized based on the role of oxygen vacancies as active adsorption and redox sites at the semiconductor surface, stablishing clear relationships between the semiconductor structure and its photocatalytic performance. The present work contributes for the rational development of specific photocatalysts for glycerol photoreforming.

Fe3O4@SiO2/PAM/Glycerol photonic crystal film as a long-term effective sensor for ambient humidity

This photonic crystal film is prepared by combining magnetically responsive photonic crystals and photo-initiated polymerization of hydrogel films. Fe3O4@SiO2 superparamagnetic nanoparticles are dispersed in a glycerol aqueous solution containing monomer acrylamide, crosslinker N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and photoinitiator 2-hydroxy-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone. Then it is followed by a photopolymerization reaction under a UV lamp and an external magnetic field simultaneously. The obtained Fe3O4@SiO2/PAM/Glycerol photonic crystal film shows brilliant structural color and the wavelength can shift from 436 nm to 652 nm as the ambient humidity changed from 11% to 93%. It is expected to realize humidity detection with the naked eye. The repetitive experiment shows that when the humidity response is repeated for 15 cycles, the RSD value of reflection wavelength at RH 11% and RH 93% are 0.79% and 0.74% respectively. Fe3O4@SiO2/PAM/Glycerol photonic crystal film can respond to ambient humidity at least for 60 days, indicating an excellent stability and accuracy.

Regular heart rhythm restoration after a period of asystole: modeling in experimental cardiology

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Regular heart rhythm restoration after a period of asystole: modeling in experimental cardiology Purpose To study the arterial hemodynamics during the regular heart rhythm restoration after a period of asystole using the original device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation. Materials and methods We used the device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation made by us (Document of invention № RU 202780 U1). The main part of the device is rotameter glass tube - a prototype of human arterial vessel. Electric pump with various modes of work was connected into the closed system with rotameter by flexible silicone tubes. Inside the closed system we introduced an aqueous solution of glycerin diluted to have the same viscosity as the human blood. As indicators for studying the intra-arterial hemodynamics we used intravascular piezoelectric crystal pressure sensor connected to an oscilloscope, 5 mm long silk thread alternately installed inside the tube, and a dye - clerical ink. Results With the electric pump work modes, we were able to imitate the regular heart rhythm (RR) restoration after a period of asystole inside the device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation. We observed the speed of fluid increased in comparison with the RR with the pendency: if longer pause of asystole was than more speed increased. We observed the appearance of reflected, stand waves on the walls of rotameter during the spread of the pulse wave after the long asystole pause. We alternatively put the plastic diaphragm inside the rotameter with internal lumen stenosis of 70% with symmetrical and asymmetrical hole. The speed with a RR was 3.24 m/s, after the pause of asystole 1 s speed was 4.08 m/s, after the pause 2 s speed was 7.36 m/s, after the pause 3 s speed was 9.22 m/s. The pressure measured by piezoelectrical probe increased proportionally to the speed. Conclusion Intense mechanical effect of the pressure waves after the long period of asystole can cause the additional trauma of intima of arterial vessels that can lead to non-stability of atherosclerotic plaques, stimulating of endothelial dysfunction and as a result of atherosclerosis progression with further complications. Changes in hemodynamics we characterized by proposed concept of "hydraulic shock".

CO2/N2 separation by glycerol aqueous solution in a hollow fiber membrane contactor module: CFD simulation and experimental validation

In this paper, CO2 separation from CO2/N2 mixed gas was experimentally and theoretically investigated inside a gas–liquid hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) module along with developing and validation of a comprehensive computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model. An aqueous solution of glycerol (10 wt%) (C3H8O3), a green and cost-effective physical solvent, was employed as the liquid absorbent, flowing in the shell side of the hollow fibers. To attain a better insight into the membrane wetting effects on separation performance, all non-wetting, partially-wetting, and completely-wetting conditions were investigated. Moreover, a correlation for CO2 Henry’s law constant was developed to estimate the CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions of glycerol via adopting the literature data. The CFD simulation results revealed that the gas to absorbent flow rate ratio (Fg/Fa) is a dominant parameter in controlling the CO2 removal efficiency. CO2 separation performance was augmented via decreasing the gas flow rate, absorption temperature and increasing the membrane porosity to tortuosity ratio as well as glycerol concentration. In contrast, by increment of the membrane wettability from non-wetting to completely-wetting condition, the CO2 removal percentage was dramatically reduced from 72.5 to 18.5%. A fair agreement between the CFD simulation results and experimental data with an absolute average relative error percentage (AARE%) of 2.7% was achieved, confirming the validity of the developed model.

Size distribution evolution and viscosity effect on spherical submicrometer particle generation process by pulsed laser melting in liquid

Spherical submicrometer particles (SMPs) can be fabricated by pulsed laser melting in liquid (PLML). In this process, raw nanoparticles dispersed in liquid are irradiated by a pulsed laser, heated over the melting point to generate molten droplets, and quenched to form SMPs. The particle size increment is caused by aggregating and merging raw particles in liquid by transient heating. In this study, the viscosity effect on the formation process of SMPs by PLML process is studied by changing aqueous glycerin solution concentration. In highly viscous liquid, smaller SMPs are generated due to the ineffective aggregation process. The temporal evolution of cumulative volume frequency of particles can be simulated, considering the constraints of the non-melting at larger size due to high heat capacity and evaporation for smaller particles by overheating. The SMP size can be controlled by viscosity of the liquid, prior disaggregation time, and liquid temperature.

Effect of distance between impeller blade tip and surface on mass transfer to a local electrode in a stirred vessel in a wide range of Sc number

ABSTRACT Stirred vessels are encountered in a wide scale of applications from bench to industrial processes, and the knowledge of the heat/mass transfer rates in these vessels is required for their design, operation and control. This work submits an investigation on the mass transfer to a small circular surface immersed in a stirred vessel in the parameter ranges of 267 < Re < 9437, 1473 < Sc < 61,422, and 0.022 < x/dK < 0.22 for the distance between the impeller blade tip and the transfer surface. The Reynolds number was based on the impeller diameter. The electrochemical limiting diffusion current technique having a potassium ferri-/ferrocyanide system was applied for mass transfer coefficient measurements. Aqueous glycerine solutions were prepared to attain a wide range of Sc numbers. The rate of mass transfer is enhanced with increasing rotation rate, decreasing blade tip-to-electrode surface distance, and decreasing glycerine concentration. The experimental data were well correlated by the relation .

Сapillatry effects manifested in the process of draining a liquid film that evaporated into a gas cross flow

The aim of the work is to determine the regularities of changes in the width of the flowing liquid film evaporating into a gas cross flow resulting from thermocapillary and concentration-capillary effects (Marangoni effect).&#x0D; The research was carried out experimentally employing an installation with a heated (working) surface, on which a liquid film (water or aqueous glycerol solution) was flowing. A flow of air was fed into the space between the working surface and the enclosing wall located at a distance from it, evenly in height and perpendicularly to the film movement. The film width was measured along the height of the working surface and the obtained dependencies were presented as graphs for different parameters of the flowing process.&#x0D; In all experiments, the graphs have an initial section with a sharp decrease in the film width, below which its change occurs smoothly. The degree of reduction in the film width depending on the parameters of the flowing process can reach 80%. In laminar mode, the reduction of the film width is more uniform than in turbulent mode, when some rise of the curves beyond the initial section is observed and can be explained by intensive mixing of the liquid. As the initial liquid flow increases, the degree of reduction in the film width decreases. Significant influence on the change in the film width is exerted by the temperature of the working surface during the flow of water: with increasing temperature, the film width decreases. At values of this temperature greater than 100℃, the rise of the curves is observed, possibly associated with the transition to volumetric evaporation.&#x0D; When the glycerol solution is flowing, the temperature of the working surface less influences the change in film width, although its decrease along the height of the working surface is greater than for water. The process parameters such as initial liquid temperature, initial solution concentration, and velocity and air temperature have relatively little effect on the change in film width. To correct the area of the film evaporation surface, determined by technological calculation, the width of the average evaporation surface is introduced under capillary effects. Its value increases with the initial liquid flow. For water, this dependence is characterized by a jump-like decrease in the film width in the transition from laminar to turbulent flow mode. This effect is absent on the dependence for glycerol solution, which can be explained by its higher viscosity. As the temperature of the working surface increases, the width of the average evaporation surface of the film decreases, some decrease being also observed with an increase in air velocity. Empirical equations for estimation of the correction factor were obtained. Capillary effects in this case are expressed by decrease in the width of the film at the height of its runoff, which leads to the need to correct the area of the film evaporation surface determined by technological calculation.

Modeling of intra-arterial hemodynamics in main arteries atherosclerosis

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Aim. To study intra-arterial hemodynamics of the main arteries in atherosclerosis using the original device for modeling of intra-arterial circulation. Material and methods. To study hemodynamics inside an arterial vessel, we used an original device developed by us for modeling of intra-arterial circulation (Document of invention № RU 202780 U1). The main part of the device is a prototype of an artery - a glass tube of a rotameter with a length of 365 mm, an inlet end with a diameter of 20 mm, an outlet end - 16.5 mm. Flexible silicone tubes are attached to the rotameter on both sides, with free ends connected to an electric pump, with various modes of work (imitation of pulse waves at the regular rhythm (RR), extrasystole (ES), atrial fibrillation (AF)). An aqueous solution of glycerin was introduced into a closed system diluted with water corresponding to the viscosity of the blood. A 5 mm long silk thread was alternately installed inside the tube, an intravascular piezoelectric crystal pressure sensor connected to an oscilloscope was injected with a dye - clerical ink. Plastic diaphragms 15 mm long with stenosis of the internal lumen of 50%, 70%, and 90% were alternately hermetically installed in the rotameter. Results. When imitating ES in the first post-extrasystolic contraction (1PEC), the speed of fluid flow through the diaphragms increased in the 1PEC in comparison with the RR. So, with a stenosis of 50%, the speed with a RR was 2.09 m/s, with an ES 0.03 m/s, with 1PEC 3.83 m/s; with 70% stenosis, the speed at RR 3.24 m/s, with ES 0.04 m/s, with 1PEC 5.26 m/s; with 90% stenosis, the speed at RR 8.96 m / s, with ES 0.10 m/s, with 1PEC 12.36 m/s. The pressure increased proportionally to the speed. We observed the appearance of reflected, standing waves in the edge zones of the diaphragm and a turbulent flow of liquid behind the diaphragm. Conclusion. These changes in hemodynamics are characterized by the concept of "hydraulic shock". Intense mechanical effect of 1PEC pressure waves in the marginal zones of the diaphragm can contribute to the further growth and progression of atherosclerosis in arterial vessels. Abstract Figure.

Comparison of bubble removal performances of five membrane oxygenators with and without a pre-filter.

When employing minimal invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC), the removal of bubbles in the circuit is important to prevent air embolism. We investigated the bubble removal performance of the FHP oxygenator with a pre-filter and compared it with that of four oxygenators, including the Fusion oxygenator, Quadrox oxygenator, Inspire oxygenator, and FX oxygenator. A closed test circuit filled with an aqueous glycerin solution was used. Air injection (10mL) was performed prior to the oxygenator, and the number and volume of the bubbles were measured at the inlet and outlet of each oxygenator. At the inlet of the five oxygenators, there were no significant differences in the total number of bubbles detected. At the outlet, bubbles were classified into two groups according to the bubble size: ≥100μm and <100μm. Tests were performed at pump flow rates of 4 and 5L/min. For bubbles ≥100μm, which are considered clinically detrimental, the FHP was the lowest number and volume of bubbles at both pump flow rates compared to the other oxygenators. Regarding the bubbles <100μm, the number of bubbles was higher in the FHP than those in others; however, the volume of bubbles was significantly lower at 4L/min and tended to be lower at 5L/min. The use of the FHP with the pre-filter removed more bubbles ≥100μm in the circuit than that by the other oxygenators.

Visible-light-driven hydrogen production over ZIF-8 derived Co3O4/ZnO S-scheme based p-n heterojunctions

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution has become an alternative tool for green fuel production from water. Nevertheless, the surface texture and vast bandgap energies are still open issues before realizing the visible light application. This study yields mesoporous hexagonal ZnO nanoparticles by calcinating the obtained zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8). In addition, the ZIF-8 is combined with a Co2+ source to yield 1.0–4.0 wt% Co3O4/ZnO p-n nanoheterojunctions by the same method. The produced heterojunctions formed 35 nm of Co3O4 nanoparticles on mesoporous ZnO exteriors and exhibited very high surface areas of 1571–1691 m2 g−1. The addition of Co3O4 to ZnO bared more exhaustive harvesting of visible light and reduced the bandgap from 3.45 to 2.76 eV. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over derived Co3O4/ZnO was performed in 10% aqueous glycerol solution and hexachloroplatinic acid as hole scavenger and cocatalyst precursor, correspondingly. The 3% Co3O4/ZnO verified superior H2 evolution of 2241 μmol g−1h−1, an 1834-times greater than the pure ZnO. The adjusted dose of this novel photocatalyst showed estimable reusability for five successive runs. The resourceful light-harvesting, minimizing bandgap and suppressing recombination explained the enhanced H2 evolution in the occurrence of Pt cocatalyst.

Atomistic insight into the lubrication of glycerol aqueous solution: The role of the solid interface‐induced microstructure of fluid molecules

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the solid surface‐induced microstructure and friction coefficient of glycerol aqueous solutions with different water contents confined in graphene and FeO nanoslits. Results show that the friction coefficient of glycerol aqueous solutions confined in both nanoslits presents similar nonlinear variation tendencies with increasing water content, but their lowest value and the corresponding water contents differ. Distinctive microstructures of the near‐surface liquid layer induced by surfaces with different hydrophilicity are responsible for their difference in lubrication. The sliding primarily occurs at the solid–liquid interface for the hydrophobic graphene nanoslit owing to almost the same velocity difference in fluid molecules. By contrast, the sliding mainly occurs at the liquid–liquid interface for the hydrophilic FeO nanoslit because of the large velocity difference in fluid molecules. The weaker the interaction force at the sliding position, the lower the friction coefficient.

An experimental performance comparison of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids on a centrifugal blood pump

The use of substitute fluid with similar rheological properties instead of blood is important due to ethical concerns and high blood volume consumption in pump performance test before clinical applications. The performance of a centrifugal blood pump with hydrodynamic journal bearing is experimentally tested using Newtonian 40% aqueous glycerin solution (GS) and non-Newtonian aqueous xanthan gum solution of 600 ppm (XGS) as working fluids. Experiments are performed at four different rotational speeds which are 2700, 3000, 3300, and 3600 rpm; experiments using GS reach between 8.5% and 37.2% higher head curve than experiments using the XGS for every rotational speed. It was observed that as the rotational speed and flow rate increase, the head curve difference between GS and XGS decreases. This result can be attributed to the friction reduction effect when using XGS in experiments at high rotation speed and high flow rate. Moreover, due to different fluid viscosities, differences in hydraulic efficiency were observed for both fluids. This study reveals that the use of Newtonian fluids as working fluids is not sufficient to determine the actual performance of a blood pump, and the performance effects of non-Newtonian fluids are remarkably important in pump performance optimizations.

Synthesis of Pt Nanoparticles by Cavitation Bubble Plasma and Hydrogen Production by Pt/TiO2 in Glycerol Aqueous Solution

Synthesis of Pt Nanoparticles by Cavitation Bubble Plasma and Hydrogen Production by Pt/TiO2 in Glycerol Aqueous Solution

Quantitative determination of glycerol concentration in aqueous glycerol solutions by metamaterial-based terahertz spectroscopy

Glycerol is an important quality indicator for foodstuffs. There is an increasing request for one more accurate, reliable, and convenient detection of the glycerol concentrations. Terahertz radiation is highly sensitive to the low-frequency intermolecular interactions between the glycerol and waters. Considering the enhancement property of localized field from the metamaterials, terahertz spectroscopy has been utilized for the determination of glycerol content with metamaterial-based biosensor, where the interaction between the analyte and the terahertz wave can be greatly increased. But the quantitative sensing performance was poor due to the sensitivity limitation of single-mode resonance of metamaterial and the lack of appropriate modeling methods. We propose the optimized structural design with internal coupling and multiple resonances. The induced remarkable changes in the lineshape of different transmitted dip regions imply that our metastructure biosensor is of high sensitivity to the change of surrounding environment on the surface dielectric constant, which has been also verified by coupled Lorentz oscillator theory. Furthermore, the optimal partial least squares regression model with variables of spectral lineshape for the first dip region covering the frequency range of 0.45–0.85 THz was established. It shows more accurate and reliable predictions of glycerol concentrations with residual predictive deviation value of 6.095. Metamaterial-based terahertz spectroscopy combined with statistical modeling with lineshape features can provide one new strategy for quantitative sensing. It has great potential for the improvement of determination of analyte concentrations in the practical applications of food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic area.

Temperature-dependence of riboflavin phosphorescence in cryosolvents

The molecular mobility of amorphous excipients is important for the stability of biomaterials during preservation, facilitating matrix formulation and product design. Phosphorescence spectroscopy is a sensitive optical method to study molecular mobility. However, there is a need to expand the pool of probes available for analysis since molecules differ in sensitivity. This research explored the feasibility and limitations of using riboflavin as a phosphorescent probe for monitoring matrix molecular mobility. Phosphorescence decays of riboflavin in four amorphous cryosolvents (aqueous solutions of glycerol, ethanol, sucrose, and dextran) were collected at 77 K to capture its natural phosphorescence lifetime (estimated at 170 ms). Decays were also collected during ballistic heating to assess the sensitivity of riboflavin towards changes in matrix molecular mobility. Riboflavin exhibited good sensitivity towards matrix secondary relaxations in the glass, indicating that riboflavin has excellent potential as an edible phosphorescent probe for molecular mobility in food and pharmaceutical products.

A novel methodology for measuring batch settling velocities of particles using Electrical Resistance Tomography

This study demonstrates how to measure batch settling velocities of particles in columns at an unconventionally high vertical spatial resolution of 1 mm using Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT). A novel methodology, which utilized a titled vessel fitted with an ERT sensor array and novel analytical equations, was tested on dilute Newtonian suspensions of fairly monodisperse spherical glass beads (4.8% v/v) with a d50 diameter of 123 µm in aqueous glycerol solutions at 80, 85 and 90 wt% concentrations. The model yielded settling velocities of 0.13, 0.076 and 0.043 mm/s for the three suspensions respectively, each approximating their predicted values with errors of 16.3, 14.4 and 2.29%, respectively. Data fluctuations were discerned in the dataset but their effect on the dataset quality was minimized by increasing the time step sizes by factors of 3, 4 and 9 for the 80, 85 and 90 wt% glycerol solutions, respectively.