Aquaculture Sector Research Articles

Rural credit for aquaculture: the development of the activity with resources from the plano safra (literature review)

Among the available proteins, fish is the most consumed on the planet, with ample space for negotiations in the world. In this sense, aquaculture represents a possibility to meet the growing world demand for food and has presented successive expansion in its annual production. In Brazil, the growth of aquaculture production still does not follow the rest of the world, despite its potential due to water availability and favorable climate. The objective of the study is to analyze the possibilities of promotion for the development, technological modernization and expansion of aquaculture in the country from resources coming from the Safra Plan. The methodology is a bibliographical review, based on the analysis of articles, scientific works and official databases of the Federal Government, to verify if the resources made available by the Safra Plan to finance aquaculture have enabled the growth of production of this activity. of cultivation in the country. The results indicate that the granting of credit has increased for aquaculture and fishing, in the same way, there have been advances in production in the sector. However, this policy of financial incentive to the aquaculture sector must be associated with other initiatives to increase the participation of fish in the market.

The Impact of Japan’s Discharge of Nuclear-Contaminated Water on Aquaculture Production, Trade, and Food Security in China and Japan

The aquaculture and fisheries sectors play critical roles in promoting a global nutritious and climate-friendly food system. The Japanese government started implementing the discharge of nuclear-contaminated water (NCW) into the Pacific Ocean in August 2023, which was followed by stopping the import of seafood from Japan to ensure the safety of imported food for Chinese citizens. The discharge of NCW into the ocean by Japan will directly harm the marine ecological environment and the global ecosystem due to the importance of China as the largest producer, processor, and exporter of aquatic products (APs). This paper employs the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model to simulate the future impacts of discharging the NCW under three different scenarios. The results showed that discharging NCW will lead to a global decline in AP production and also has negative repercussions on the macroeconomic landscape. Japan will face the most significant negative impact on its national macroeconomy, e.g., Japan’s GDP, total imports, total exports, household income, and social welfare will decrease by 2.18%, 3.84%, 8.30%, 2.61%, and $130.07 billion; similarly, for China, the decrease will be 0.03%, 1.21%, 0.08%, and $728.15 billion, respectively. If China’s AP consumption decreases by 10% and 20%, it will result in protein deficits of 1.536 million tons and 3.132 million tons, respectively. Japan’s deficit will reach 138,000 tons and 276,000 tons. This necessitates supplementation via the consumption of other protein-rich foods, posing a significant threat to the nutritional security of food in both China and Japan.

Legal pathways towards sustainable blue food systems in the aquaculture sector

The workshop, organized by Mathilde Morel on January 10th 2024, as a part of her PhD project and preparatory work for her PhD midway presentation, aimed to convene experts within the realm of blue food systems with the overarching objective of exploring viable pathways toward sustainability transitions. The reason for this inquiry stems from the escalating recognition that contemporary food systems are increasingly linked to adverse environmental and socioeconomic repercussions, contributing substantially to approximately 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This imperative for change is driven by numerous factors, including the climate crisis, rapid urbanization, evolving dietary preferences, and the expansion of the global population. Consequently, a foundational shift towards food systems characterised by diminished environmental impacts and carbon footprints becomes imperative. Furthermore, aligning with the Agenda 2030, there is an urgent call for expeditious adoption of a more resource-efficient bioeconomy within the world's food systems. Within this context, the integration of sustainable blue food systems, particularly in food producing sectors such as aquaculture, emerges as a critical facet of the solution. Despite the prevailing inclination towards augmenting sea-based food consumption through diverse blue growth strategies, it is crucial to ensure that unsustainable practices inherent in land-based food systems, are not replicated in marine environments. To actualize sustainable blue food systems in the aquaculture sector, the realization of resilient, equitable, and enduring solutions is paramount. The anticipated outcome of this investigative endeavour is rooted in the understanding that the application of legal and regulatory mechanisms can wield substantial influence in the transition process. Such mechanisms are integral to the formulation of comprehensive aquaculture management strategies that strike a judicious balance between safeguarding, rehabilitation, and utilization. The workshop constitutes a key touch base activity and outcome for the project SECURE, UiT The Arctic University of Norway.

Economic feasibility study for the expansion of the Cyprus aquaculture sector: A roadmap for transition to offshore in the Mediterranean Sea

Global demand for seafood is constantly increasing, driven by population growth and rising per capita consumption. While wild-capture fisheries are facing limitations in meeting this demand, the expansion of aquaculture emerges as the only solution. This paper investigates the potential for increasing the aquaculture production in the Republic of Cyprus by transitioning towards offshore aquaculture farms. The model developed provides a valuable roadmap for offshore transitions in Mediterranean near-coast areas. The study includes a detailed economic analysis coupled with sensitivity analysis to assess the feasibility of this transition considering various expansion scenarios. The results provide valuable insights into the viability and implications of this process, highlighting economic and operational issues.

Resource Efficiency and Environmental Impact Assessment Method for Small-Scale Producers: A Case Study of Pond and In-Pond Raceway System Production for Growing Nile Tilapia

The purpose of this study was to employ Resource Value Mapping (REVAM) and carbon footprint assessments to evaluate the resource efficiency and environmental impact of the aquaculture sector in Thailand. Focusing on tilapia production, a case study that compares the innovative In-Pond Raceway System (IPRS) with the traditional pond system was conducted to serve as a guideline for small-scale producers toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The assessment applied lean classification to the agriculture context and used both machine and non-machine resources. Moreover, the Muda Index (MI) and the concurrent assessment of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the proposed map were introduced to identify resource efficiencies and environmental impacts across activities, respectively. The analysis highlighted resources with the highest MI values, waste proportions, and emissions requiring improvement. This study shows that addressing specific resources in REVAM can enhance resource management, facilitate control over variable costs, and ensure sustainability in both of these dimensions. Finally, a feasibility analysis was incorporated to weigh investment between in-pond and IPRS systems, in addition to resource use efficiency and environmental impact dimensions, creating an opportunity to meet the increasing demands in the international market.

Marine sponges as promising candidates for integrated aquaculture combining biomass increase and bioremediation: an updated review

Sponge farming has been experimentally performed for more than 100 years, with early attempts mainly devoted for the supply of bath sponges and for ornamental purposes. During the last decades, sponge farming has been proposed to produce biomass specifically for those species from which many structurally diverse bioactive compounds were isolated, frequently present in a low concentration that limits their commercial production. This point is very important because it offers an environmental-friendly approach for the use of sponges as a source of natural compounds for pharmacological, cosmeceutical, and nutraceutical industries. In addition, sponges can have an ecological role as filter-feeding animals with a great significance in marine benthic communities. Thanks to their aquiferous system, they can filter large amounts of sea water, retaining up to 80% of suspended particles, resulting in a good system to bioremediate the marine environment from different contaminants. Remarkably, few attempts at integrating aquaculture systems were performed by combining the increase in sponge biomass and their use for bioremediation, showing impressive results and opening new possibilities in the aquaculture sector. This review concerns both in situ and lab-based aquaculture methods for the production of sponge biomass and for the sponge-related bioremediation of the marine environment focusing on microorganisms and contaminants (heavy metals, pesticides, microplastics, and others). Moreover, a first overview about integrated aquaculture combining biomass increase and bioremediation, as a challenging perspective for marine biotechnologies, is included.

An emerging role of guanidine acetic acid in rescuing immune function injured by Aeromonas hydrophila in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Guanidine acetic acid (GAA) is a safe feed additive and the only precursor for the creatine synthesis of vertebrates. Aeromonas hydrophila is a major fish pathogen causing severe morbidity and mortality in the aquaculture sector. Under the current intensive farming system, A feed additive that can improve fish disease resistance is urgently needed. In teleost fish, the spleen (SP) and head kidney (HK) play a crucial role in peripheral immunity organs and fish skin (SK) serves as one of the most important mucosal barriers. Thus, the study focused on immune defense substances, inflammatory process, and mechanisms of molecular action in the HK, SP, and SK of on-growing grass carp (169.46–600.89 g). The fish were fed graded levels of GAA (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 mg/kg) for 60 days, and then conducted a 14-day challenge experiment by intraperitoneal injection of Aeromonas hydrophila. In our results, we found that 300 or 450 mg/kg GAA could down-regulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-(1β, 6, 12p40 and 17D), TNF-α and IFN-γ2 mRNA expression, and up-regulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-(10, 11 and 4/13 A) and TGF-β1 mRNA expression in the HK, SP and SK. Furthermore, 300 or 450 mg/kg GAA could up-regulate the mRNA expression and promote the protein phosphorylation of STAT3 in the HK, SP and SK. Indicating that in the case of Aeromonas hydrophila. challenge, GAA could enhance the immune defense and mediated the inflammatory process, possibly via the JAKs-STATs signaling pathway in fish.

A Review on Development of Aquaculture in Cambodia

Aquaculture in Cambodia is gaining popularity due to growing anthropogenic pressures. Policy discourse is promoting its development as a viable alternative to fisheries. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries reports that aquaculture contributes to the daily livelihoods of rural poor farmers and employment. Fish is a significant source of animal protein, and aquaculture-based fisheries offer enormous potential for fish culture production. NGOs and other organizations are playing a significant role in developing aquaculture and managing aquatic resources in Cambodia. This study is to review on the development of aquaculture sector in Cambodia. The result showed that fish is the most important source of animal protein in Cambodian people’s daily diet. There is enormous potential in fish culture production from floating cage culture, earthen pond culture and rice-fish culture and other fish culture activities in small water bodies or aquaculture-based fisheries in Cambodia. Moreover, fish does not only play a major role in the daily diet, but also in the employment, economy of the rural poor farmer and improvement of women role in aquaculture

Saikosaponin C as an antiviral agent inhibits the largemouth bass ranavirus in vitro and in vivo

Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) is a highly lethal virus that has devastated the largemouth bass aquaculture sector. Therefore, it is imperative to develop therapeutic strategies for the control of this pathogen. In this work, the antiviral activity of Saikosaponin C was examined both in vitro and in vivo. According to the results of the in vitro antiviral activity assay, 30 mg/L of Saikosaponin C significantly down-regulated the expression of the LMBRaV major coat protein (MCP) gene in epithelioma papilloma cyprinid (EPC) cells, with an inhibitory rate exceeding 84%, and prevented LMBRaV replication in a dose-dependent manner. It also significantly limited its cytopathic effect (CPE), thereby playing a protective role on infected cells. Notably, Saikosaponin C has a certain preventative impact on the virus by influencing the mechanisms by which viral particles connect to cell receptors, which prevents LMBRaV from adsorbing on EPC cells. Simultaneously, Saikosaponin C also directly inactivated LMBRaV. The results of exploring the viral invasion cycle demonstrated that Saikosaponin C primarily exerted its antiviral effect during the middle stage (2–6 h) of viral infection. In addition, Saikosaponin C inhibited LMBRaV-induced apoptosis of EPC cells, maintained physiological cellular morphology and structure, and protected cells from loss of cellular morphology, formation of apoptotic vesicles, and cell fragmentation. Moreover, Saikosaponin C considerably improved the survival of virus-infected largemouth bass, according to the findings of in vivo investigations. In summary, Saikosaponin C demonstrated excellent anti-LMBRaV activity and holds considerable promise for development in the field of aquaculture.

Strengthening Blue Economy Policy to Achieve Sustainable Fisheries

Particularly in developing nations, the aquaculture and fisheries sector is vital to the nutrition and food security of the global population. Nevertheless, notwithstanding their substantial social and economic potential, fishery resources are susceptible to overexploitation and hurting the environment. This research assesses the significance of bolstering blue economy policies to enhance sustainable maritime policies. This study employs the methodology of normative legal research. The research findings, the deterioration of ecological equilibrium, as evidenced by the diminishing carrying capacity of the sea, can be attributed to conservation efforts that lack a stronger emphasis on sustainable management. Maintaining the fundamental tenets of equitable and sustainable fisheries management in nations endowed with oceans is paramount. State and government policies toward society and distributive equity are inextricably linked in managing fisheries resources; local governments may be entrusted with autonomous design and assistance responsibilities for these policies. As a result, a revised vision for constructing a sustainable, equitable, and ambitious blue economy is proposed. Promoting resource-based economic development in the marine and fisheries industrial sector while preserving coastal environments and marine resources through the blue economy concept is possible. This vision is founded upon the following five governance principles: inclusive and equitable processes, climate stability, sustainable consumption and production, circular processes, and the promotion of healthy ecosystems.

Exploring the Role of Insects as Sustainable Feed in Aquaculture Nutrition and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity, Growth and Immune Response

As the global demand for aquaculture products continues to rise, sustainable and efficient feed sources are crucial for the industry's growth. Insects have emerged as a promising alternative due to their high nutritional content, low environmental impact, and potential to alleviate overreliance on conventional feed ingredients. This abstract delves into the role of insects as sustainable feed in aquaculture, elucidating their benefits and challenges. Insects offer a rich source of fats, minerals, proteins, and vitamins that meet the dietary requirements of various aquatic species. Their rapid growth rates and ability to thrive on organic waste contribute to their eco-friendly nature, reducing the environmental burden associated with aqua-feed production. Notably, insects can be reared on various organic substrates, minimizing competition for arable land and reducing the demands on wild fish hoards utilized for fishmeal construction. However, integrating insects into aqua-feed presents certain hurdles. Standardized production methods, quality control, and regulatory frameworks need to be established to ensure consistent and safe insect-derived feed. Additionally, understanding the potential impacts of insect-based diets on fish health, growth, and product quality is vital. It is conclusion that the insects hold immense potential as a sustainable feed source for aquaculture, addressing nutritional demands while minimizing environmental impacts and addressing the challenges through collaborative researcher research, and eco-friendly aquaculture sector.

Potential use of phytochemical from ethanolic extract of green seaweed Ulva reticulata in aquaculture

Abstract. Tarigan N, Sudrajat AO, Arfah H, Alimuddin A, Wahjuningrum D. 2023. Potential use of phytochemical from ethanolic extract of green seaweed Ulva reticulata in aquaculture. Biodiversitas 24: 6868-6879. Ulva reticulata is green seaweed with potential phytochemical properties in the aquaculture sector. Therefore, this study aims to determine phytochemical components and evaluate the toxicity of Ulva reticulata ethanolic extract on aquatic animals. The primary constituents in the sample were extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, while toxicity level was determined using the Brine Shrimp Lethal Test (BSLT) method at concentrations of 0, 10, 100, 300, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg L-1. The results showed that Ulva reticulata ethanolic extract was qualitatively composed of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and steroids with mid (++), low (+), low (+), low (+), low (+), and mid (++) activity levels, respectively. Based on quantitative analysis, the sample was composed of sitosterol (19.01 mg g-1), stigmasterol (35.00 mg g-1), saponins (17.04 mg g-1), flavonoids (82.16 mg QE 100 g-1), total phenols (144.00 g QE 100 g-1), and tannins (49.03 mg g-1). Furthermore, Ulva reticulata ethanolic extract had a strong antioxidant level with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 53.00 ppm. The toxicity test showed that the 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of the sample was 481.86 mg L-1. These results showed that Ulva reticulata ethanolic extract was a non-toxic material with a high potential for phytochemical properties that could be beneficial for fish growth, reproduction, and health.

An observational and warning system for the aquaculture sector

This work presents the steps followed in the design and implementation of a marine observatory that provides the current state and forecast of oceanic conditions relevant to the aquaculture sector. Examples of successful implementation of these guidelines are presented in the framework of the EuroSea project (H2020 grant agreement No. 862626) for two aquaculture sites: Deenish Island in Ireland and El Campello in Spain. In-situ essential ocean measurements, remote-sensing observations and modelled forecasts are jointly provided to the aquaculture end users. The process begins with stakeholder interaction to understand their main needs and concerns, followed by software architecture design and development to facilitate data acquisition, post-processing and visualization on an open-access web platform. User input regarding the development of the observatory and web platform content and frequent feedback are of paramount importance during the whole process to ensure that the services offered match the needs of the aquaculture sector.

Monitoring welfare indicators of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a commercial organic farm: Effects of an innovative diet and accelerometer tag implantation

To meet the growing demand for aquatic products, the aquaculture sector is expanding, including organic aquaculture. One of the main challenges in this industry is the development of suitable fish feeds. EU regulations have made recommendations, including the incorporation of fishmeal from organic aquaculture trimmings. However, the use of such fish meal may pose issues due to lower protein content and elevated phosphorus concentrations that could conflict with national environmental regulations. Thus, there is a pressing need for innovative research to formulate environmentally friendly feeds for organic aquaculture. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing an innovative organic feed derived from trimmings (substitution of 64.3% of dietary fish meal trimmings with fishmeal protein concentrate from trimmings) for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). This study assessed the impact of this innovative diet on rainbow trout welfare over a two-month period in real-farming conditions, using: (i) growth parameters, (ii) external morphological damages, (iii) swimming activity, used as a proxy for energy expenditure, and (iv) blood and liver health and welfare indicators. Given that fish swimming activity was evaluated using surgically implanted accelerometer tags, we also investigated the potential adverse effects of implanting these tags on fish welfare. Our findings indicate that accelerometer implantation did not significantly affect fish welfare, but a 18.6% reduction in specific growth rate was shown in tagged fish compared to their non-tagged counterparts. Importantly, the innovative diet did not impair health and welfare indicators of blood and liver or lead to external morphological abnormalities. An increased energy expenditure in fish fed the innovative diet compared to those on a control diet was, however, shown, but there was no observable impact on growth performance. The use of this innovative diet may offer a viable solution to reduce the release of soluble phosphorus into the environment while maintaining appropriate standards for fish growth and welfare in organic conditions. Nevertheless, long-term consequences should be explored.

Role of Dietary Microalgae on Fish Health and Fillet Quality: Recent Insights and Future Prospects

An increase in the consumption of food fish, combined with a decrease in the harvest of fish, is driving the aquaculture industry at a fast pace. In parallel with the growth in the aquaculture sector and resulting stresses, the prevalence of diseases in farmed fish can increase. Although effective administration and prophylaxis are the main factors safeguarding fish species against diseases, recent approaches to mitigate the response caused by typical stressors include the uses of dietary additives. Microalgae are one of the main sources of nutrients, namely protein, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and pigments in aquatic animal diets. Numerous studies have proved the beneficial effects of microalgae on fish growth performance, feed utilization, disease resistance, and immunological and antioxidant activities. On the other hand, the administration of different microalgae to fish feed can enhance the fillet quality from several aspects, leading to an overall improvement in fillet shelf-life. This review focuses on the evidence supporting the beneficial effects of various microalgae on biochemical and organoleptic aspects as well as the proximate composition of carcasses in fish species.

Genetics and Genomics of Infectious Diseases in Key Aquaculture Species.

Diseases pose a significant and pressing concern for the sustainable development of the aquaculture sector, particularly as their impact continues to grow due to climatic shifts such as rising water temperatures. While various approaches, ranging from biosecurity measures to vaccines, have been devised to combat infectious diseases, their efficacy is disease and species specific and contingent upon a multitude of factors. The fields of genetics and genomics offer effective tools to control and prevent disease outbreaks in aquatic animal species. In this study, we present the key findings from our recent research, focusing on the genetic resistance to three specific diseases: White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in white shrimp, Bacterial Necrotic Pancreatitis (BNP) in striped catfish, and skin fluke (a parasitic ailment) in yellowtail kingfish. Our investigations reveal that all three species possess substantial heritable genetic components for disease-resistant traits, indicating their potential responsiveness to artificial selection in genetic improvement programs tailored to combat these diseases. Also, we observed a high genetic association between disease traits and survival rates. Through selective breeding aimed at enhancing resistance to these pathogens, we achieved substantial genetic gains, averaging 10% per generation. These selection programs also contributed positively to the overall production performance and productivity of these species. Although the effects of selection on immunological traits or immune responses were not significant in white shrimp, they yielded favorable results in striped catfish. Furthermore, our genomic analyses, including shallow genome sequencing of pedigreed populations, enriched our understanding of the genomic architecture underlying disease resistance traits. These traits are primarily governed by a polygenic nature, with numerous genes or genetic variants, each with small effects. Leveraging a range of advanced statistical methods, from mixed models to machine and deep learning, we developed prediction models that demonstrated moderate-to-high levels of accuracy in forecasting these disease-related traits. In addition to genomics, our RNA-seq experiments identified several genes that undergo upregulation in response to infection or viral loads within the populations. Preliminary microbiome data, while offering limited predictive accuracy for disease traits in one of our studied species, underscore the potential for combining such data with genome sequence information to enhance predictive power for disease traits in our populations. Lastly, this paper briefly discusses the roles of precision agriculture systems and AI algorithms and outlines the path for future research to expedite the development of disease-resistant genetic lines tailored to our target species. In conclusion, our study underscores the critical role of genetics and genomics in fortifying the aquaculture sector against the threats posed by diseases, paving the way for more sustainable and resilient aquaculture development.

Evaluation of Phytase Impact on In Vitro Protein and Phosphorus Bioaccessibility of Two Lupin Species for Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Legumes are an important source of protein, lipids, and other essential nutrients. As the demand for protein and lipids continues to surge on a global scale, there is a growing interest in incorporating legumes into aquafeeds. This shift is driven not only by the escalating growth of the aquaculture sector in recent years but also by the imperative to diminish the dependency on traditional resources like fishmeal (FM) and fish oil. Amongst legumes, different lupin species had been identified as a potential protein source to partially reduce the inclusion of FM in countries such as Australia, Chile, and the European Union. A comprehensive evaluation of their nutritional profiles, overall characteristics, and potential antinutritional factors is essential for informed utilization and the implementation of nutritional enhancement strategies. In pursuit of this goal, an in vitro gastrointestinal simulation system was devised to replicate the digestive conditions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The study focused on determining the bioaccessibility of protein and phosphorus within two sweet lupin varieties (alkaloids < 0.05) with high (Lupinus mutabilis) and low (Lupinus angustifolius) native phytic acid content evaluated as whole (W) or dehulled (D) seeds meals and the effect of a single dose of phytase (2,500 FTU/kg DM). Additionally, regular soybean meal (SBM) served as reference (10 treatments with 3 replicates). A 2,500 FTU/kg DM phytase dose increased the levels of PO4-3 released throughout the intestinal phase by 122.6% for L. mutatabilis W, 116.3% for L. mutatabilis D, 65.2% for L. angustifolius W, 59.0% for L. angustifolius D, and 91.8% for SBM compared to controls without phytase. The bioaccessibility of amino acids in varieties treated with phytase increased with respect to the control without phytase. L. mutabilis was found to be a potentially viable alternative as a good quality protein source for the manufacture of environmentally friendly aquafeeds.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ІННОВАЦІЙНІ РІШЕННЯ ДЛЯ РОЗВИТКУ АКВАКУЛЬТУРИ В УКРАЇНІ

The article addresses the multifaceted challenges and burgeoning opportunities within the aquaculture sector, especially in the context of environmental disruptions exacerbated by armed conflicts, with a particular focus on the Black Sea basin. It underscores the urgent necessity for innovative solutions to bolster sector resilience and efficiency. The study identifies critical issues pervasive throughout the technological process and proposes a suite of organizational-economic measures to effectively tackle these challenges. Among the key strategies discussed are the introduction of cutting-edge water purification technologies, the implementation of robust resource management systems, and the adoption of novel cultivation techniques. These innovations are designed not only to mitigate environmental pollution and optimize production but also to enhance economic competitiveness through the establishment of collaborative networks and the adoption of sustainable practices. Central to the article's thesis is the advocacy for concerted collaborative efforts among a diverse array of stakeholders to build adaptive capacity and bolster economic competitiveness. By emphasizing a multidimensional approach, the research elucidates the transformative potential of integrated aquaculture systems in promoting ecological sustainability and fostering economic growth across Ukraine's various regions. It highlights the pivotal role that advanced technologies play in making aquaculture a more sustainable and economically viable sector, which is crucial for safeguarding Ukraine's aquatic ecosystems and furthering its overarching economic development goals. The article's emphasis on the strategic integration of innovative technologies and sustainable practices underscores the essential balance between ecological stewardship and economic advancement. It posits that through comprehensive stakeholder collaboration and the adoption of advanced technological solutions, the aquaculture sector can achieve significant strides in environmental protection while simultaneously driving economic growth. Furthermore, the study's focus on the Black Sea basin illustrates a critical geographic locus where these proposed strategies can be implemented and observed, providing a model for broader application across similar ecological and economic contexts. By doing so, it envisions a future where the aquaculture sector not only survives but thrives, contributing to both ecological preservation and economic prosperity.

Genes associated with cell modelling provides new insights into spermiation mechanism in Cyprinus carpio

Spermiation, an act of sperm release, depends on several molecular factors. Despite hormonal administration, spermiation failure is a primary concern in certain fishes. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of spermiation have been analyzed in Cyprinus carpio by comparative transcriptomics. Unigenes for C. carpio control (CCC), which were injected with PBS (Phosphate-buffered saline), and C. carpio treated (CCT), which were injected with ovatide, were 107,616 and 133,435, respectively. A total of 93 genes were identified as involved in the spermiation process, including those related to gonadal steroidogenesis, cell growth, cell adhesion, and cytoplasmic matrix formation. The cd63, CENPS, rasa1a, and genes for gonad steroidogenesis, cell growth, cell adhesion, and cytoplasmic matrix formation were analyzed. Gene expression analysis revealed tubulobulbar complexes mediated disengagement of spermatozoa and JAK2 signaling regulated cyst breakage in teleost for the first time. Analysis was done from the changes at the molecular level to the final act of spermiation. Tissue histology analysis was conducted in accordance with the molecular study, which showed structural changes. Induced breeding in fish plays a key role in seed production in aquaculture sector. However, there are several constraints the sector is still facing due to lack of extensive knowledge regarding the mechanisms of spermiation and species-specific response to hormonal dosage. This study is relevant to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in spermiation and the stages which mark as critical point of sperm release after administrating the inducing agent. This study also lays the groundwork for further exploration of species-specific responses to hormonal treatments, aiding sustainable seed production in the fisheries sector.

The Role Of Iot In Transforming The Shrimp Industry In Andhra Pradesh

The shrimp industry in Andhra Pradesh, a leading player in India's aquaculture sector, faces numerous challenges including disease management, water quality control, and efficient resource utilization. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies offers promising solutions to these challenges by enabling real-time monitoring and data-driven decision-making. This research paper explores the application of IoT in the shrimp industry of Andhra Pradesh, highlighting its advantages, limitations, and future potential. By reviewing existing literature, examining current implementations, and discussing practical examples, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how IoT can revolutionize shrimp farming practices in the region.