Educational Approach Research Articles

청소년의 창의적 성격 유형 탐색과 변화

Purpose: This study divided first-year middle school and second-year high school students into groups according to their positive creative personalities and analyzed their characteristics to identify personal efforts and environmental variables that can lead to positive creative tendencies. Method: Using the 1st and 5th waves of the KCYPS 2018 2nd wave, latent class analysis, mean difference analysis, and cross-analysis were performed using creative tendencies, grit, self-esteem, parenting variables, friendships, and relationships with teachers. Results: The creativity of first year middle school students was classified as ‘vision’, ‘open attitude’, and ‘latent ability’, while the creativity of second year high school students was classified as ‘cautious attitude’, ‘intelligence’, and ‘versatility’. Conclusion: We identified the creative personality patterns and characteristics of first-year middle school and second-year high school students and discussed what psychological and educational approaches should be taken.

Best Social Entrepreneurship Teaching and Learning Strategies for Promoting Students' Social Entrepreneurial Minds: A Scoping Review

This paper aims to explore the best teaching and learning strategies for promoting students' social entrepreneurial minds. At the initial stage, the scoping review draws from 198 secondary data from various works in the social entrepreneurship education context, including studies on education programs, curricular development, knowledge-acquiring mechanisms, and social entrepreneurial exploration processes. It also examines instructional methods and strategies that foster the development of potential social entrepreneur mindsets. Finally, 26 included papers present a Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approach, Experiential Learning, Action Learning, Community-Based Project, and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) as effective social entrepreneurship teaching and learning approaches to promote social entrepreneurial mindsets. The review concludes that a combination of all of the aforementioned teaching and learning strategies is among the top teaching approaches for effective social entrepreneurship education. The paper proposes that dynamic social entrepreneurship curricula and learning models that emphasize hands-on experience and experience-based learning can be effective strategies for promoting students' social entrepreneurial minds.

Research on Educational Games in Learning in Indonesia: A Systematic Review of the Literatures

Research on educational games in learning contexts and advances in science and technology are becoming increasingly important. This research aims to analyze the use of educational games in the learning context in Indonesia, focusing on computer science and social science. The method used in this research is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), with inclusion criteria of publication period between 2018 and 2023, English language articles, article accessibility, and relevance to computer science and social sciences. The results of this research analysis include several important findings, namely: 1) the number of educational game document publications has fluctuated, 2) affiliation trends vary, 3) author trends also vary, and 4) the results of the systematic analysis show that educational games can improve student academic achievement, problem-solving abilities, creative thinking, and independent learning abilities. In addition, the role of teachers and parents is recognized as an important factor in supporting and maximizing the benefits of digital educational technology. The findings from this research emphasize the importance of designing learning that integrates educational game-based approaches to improve the quality of learning and achieve better learning outcomes for students. The implications of this research provide a basis for developing innovative and sustainable learning strategies in the fields of computer science and social sciences in Indonesia

INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE DIRECTION OF INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STATE POLICY OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION

The article analyzes modern features of state policy in the field of critical infrastructure protection. Attention is focused on the need for institutional transformations in the direction of improving efficiency, transparency, responsibility and responding to new security challenges in the conditions of a hybrid war with the Russian Federation.
 The practice of protecting critical infrastructure facilities in developed countries has been studied. It was determined that its priority is the actualization of the predicate of stability of critical infrastructure objects. The content of normative and legal acts of Ukraine in this area was analyzed. A number of provisions have been identified that allow the adjustment of the domestic security doctrine to the European vector of stability.
 Within the perspective of the development of the concept of sustainability, the intention of «critical infrastructure stakeholders» is substantiated. This opens up the prospects of creating transparent conditions for ensuring the annihilation of state institutions of power, state protection systems, the private sector, educational and scientific institutions and other stakeholders of critical infrastructure to the National System of Critical Infrastructure Protection at the next levels of management. The possible levels of such cooperation are determined.
 Modern scientific works were analyzed, which studied the prospects of changing the paradigm of protection and stability to the paradigm of resilience. The complex of institutional transformations is proposed to be expanded due to the application within the framework of the functioning of the National Critical Infrastructure Protection System of the process of determining and analyzing the range of risks that the country faces in the spheres of critical infrastructure functioning. The transformation of institutional protection systems is considered through the prism of systemic determinants, among which physical protection and defense, cyber protection and defense, preventive measures of protection and defense, and an educational and scientific approach are highlighted.
 The system of organization at the state level of conducting regular interdisciplinary trainings on the operational response to emergency situations at facilities has been studied. It is proposed to increase clarity in the delineation of responsibility for project threats and to strengthen control over compliance with the systematicity of interdisciplinary training. On the basis of the extrapolations of scientists' hypotheses and the results of the author's research, a proposal was made to systematize the main proposals for institutional transformations in the direction of increasing the effectiveness of the state policy for the protection of critical infrastructure in the form of a Preventive concept of resilience of critical infrastructure objects.

Fostering critical thinking: Designing problem-based learning student worksheet on environmental change topic

The growing awareness of the increasingly complex environmental changes requires an educational approach that fosters critical thinking. Through the implementation of PBL, students will gain a deeper understanding and develop an attitude of environmental care, particularly towards their surroundings. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PBL-based student worksheets on environmental change material to train critical thinking skills based on the completeness of learning outcomes and student responses. This research employs the 4D model of development, encompassing the stages of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. Nonetheless, this study is confined to the third stage of development. The validation used includes material validation media validation. The data at the development stage is sourced from expert validators and subsequently analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The validation results affirm that the developed worksheet is deemed suitable for implementation. Therefore, it is highly recommended to implement the learning process using this worksheet. Its utilization can significantly contribute to fostering student competency levels. Furthermore, disseminating its benefits widely would further amplify its positive impact across various educational settings.

예비유아교사가 지각하는 유아과학교육 필요성과 인공지능 지식, 과학교수태도 및 과학교수효능감 간의 구조적 관계

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationship between pre-service early childhood teachers' perceived need for early childhood science education and their knowledge of artificial intelligence, attitudes toward science instruction, and self-efficacy in science teaching. The subjects of this study were 224 pre-service early childhood teachers in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, and Gyeongsang provinces, and their data were analyzed for the research. The relationships among research variables were analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis, and the structural relationships were explored through structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0. These results were as followed. First, when examining the tendencies of research variables, all scored above 3.0 points, indicating a high level, and normality was considered satisfactory in the analysis. Second, statistically significant positive correlations were observed among all variables, with a particular focus on endogenous variables such as science teaching self-efficacy and its sub-factors, as well as attitudes toward science instruction and its sub-factors. Third, the measurement model was found to be appropriate. Examining the path coefficients of the structural model revealed that the perceived need for early childhood science education had statistically significant effects on artificial intelligence knowledge, attitudes toward science instruction, and science teaching self-efficacy. Statistically significant effects of artificial intelligence knowledge were found on attitudes toward science instruction and science teaching self-efficacy. Mediation analysis revealed that knowledge of artificial intelligence partially mediated the influence of perceived need for early childhood science education on attitudes toward science instruction and science teaching self-efficacy. These research findings suggest the need to consider incorporating educational approaches related to artificial intelligence to enhance the foundation of early childhood science education.

Enhancing neuro-ophthalmic surgical education: The role of neuroanatomy and 3D digital technologies - An overview.

Neuro-ophthalmology, bridging neurology and ophthalmology, highlights the nervous system's crucial role in vision, encompassing afferent and efferent pathways. The evolution of this field has emphasized the importance of neuroanatomy for precise surgical interventions, presenting educational challenges in blending complex anatomical knowledge with surgical skills. This review examines the interplay between neuroanatomy and surgical practices in neuro-ophthalmology, aiming to identify educational gaps and suggest improvements. A literature search across databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted, focusing on the implications of neuroanatomy in neuro-ophthalmic surgery education and practice. The review synthesizes insights from both recent and foundational studies to highlight current understandings and future research directions, particularly in educational approaches. Findings indicate that 3D digital modeling and virtual reality have significantly enhanced neuroophthalmic surgical education by providing immersive and engaging learning experiences. For instance, detailed 3D brain atlases offer comprehensive resources for understanding the central nervous system's normal and pathological states. Although studies show that 3D and traditional 2D methods achieve similar post-test results, 3D methods notably improve engagement and motivation, suggesting a shift toward more interactive learning environments. Integrating both traditional and innovative educational tools is crucial for the progression of neuro-ophthalmic surgical training. This balance helps overcome educational hurdles and better prepare future surgeons. Continuous research and collaboration are essential to refine educational strategies, ultimately aiming to enhance patient care in neuro-ophthalmology.

The Impact of Flipped Classroom Practices Supported by Web 2.0 Teaching Tools on Some Variables

One sector hit particularly hard due to the global COVID-19 epidemic, which got started in the year 2020, was education, so educational approaches that respond to the needs of the new era have gained importance. In this research, which was conducted to contribute to research in this direction, the current paper intended to figure out how to use Flipped Classrooms implementations propelled with Web 2.0 teaching tools in distance education in “People and Environment” topic in 5th grades regarding student performance, environmental literacy, attitude towards Web 2.0 assets. From the quantitative research methods, a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was chosen for the study. The study included 36 5th-grade students studying at a public school in Istanbul. Research data were collected online using the Environmental Knowledge Test, Environmental Literacy Scale, and Attitude Scale Towards Web 2.0 assets. As a result of the study, it was observed that the academic achievement and environmental literacy rates of the experimental group increased, and their attitudes toward Web 2.0 tools changed positively. Expectations hold that these outcomes shall constitute meaningful beneficence to existing material regarding both the distance education process and educational solutions in the digitalized world and the creation of environmental awareness in children.

Effectiveness of Interprofessional Education Based on the Case-and Communication-Based Approach

Pharmacology role-playing, which follows a case and communication (C & C)-based approach, has been developed for use in medical education, and its learning effects have been reported. To cultivate team spirit among medical professionals from an early stage, we proposed developing the C & C approach for interprofessional education (IPE). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the learning effects of the C & C approach during joint classes of medical and nursing students. In December 2017, we employed the C & C approach to simulate a scenario in which drugs were explained to patients, and responses were collected from 103/115 medical (90%) and 55/60 nursing students (92%). The questionnaires used were designed to evaluate the following five items: understanding pharmacotherapy, understanding patients’ feelings, learning motivation, change in learning attitudes, and understanding IPE. Open-ended questions on learning content were analyzed based on free-text responses. Each student group acknowledged the effectiveness of the approach and the importance of cooperation. In total, 80.2% of medical students and 76.3% of nursing rated “understanding of IPE” as “very effective/effective.” Participants learned about the disparity in perspectives, with medical students gaining insight into nursing students’ approaches to patient interactions, and nursing students acquiring an understanding of doctors’ perspectives on disease and medical treatment. In conclusion, the C & C approach proved beneficial as an IPE method, raising awareness among both nursing and medical students about the significance of communication skills and patient perspectives.

Systematic Literature Review: What Factors Influence Talent Management Among Secondary School Teachers in Malaysia?

Talent management is regarded as a critical component in ensuring an organization's long-term viability. Furthermore, talent management for the education sector in Malaysia has recently captured attention of researchers. On the other hand, despite the fact that the focus in the context of talent management was clearly stated in the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013–2025, talent management in education still has room for improvement in order to ensure a better future for our education sector. For example, only few researchers are conducting research on aspects of talent management in education, such as talent identification, teacher talent development, teacher retention, school talent culture, and so on. As a result, the primary goal of this article is to review the research article with a systematic review as an added value. PRISMA is used to guide the review process (the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses). To obtain the published article, however, three databases were used: Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. According to the articles, four themes emerged from the articles. The themes are as follows: 1) teacher talent identification; 2) professional development for teachers; 3) teacher retention; and 4) school talent culture. As a result of the thematic analysis in this SLR article, the talent management for education model and approach can be used by policymakers, school administrators, and others to ensure that teachers in their organization are retained.

Wisata Pendidikan Agro Terintegrasi: Penyusunan Rencana Induk Desa Dawung, Karanganyar melalui Pendekatan Partisipatif

Based on the Spatial Plan of Karanganyar Regency, Dawung Village is mandated as an agropolitan strategic area for food security or wet agriculture. Besides, it is also a center for processing agricultural food crops and local trade. In contrast, the number of farmers decreases (0.8% per year), increasing the risk in the agricultural sector. On the other hand, this village has tourism potential, Kembang Desa, which is appointed as the leading tourist attraction. Kembang Desa was developed in 2020, and after it officially opened, it was attractive, as can be seen from the visitors number that reached 200 to 500 at the weekend. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the number of visitors, and the village government is facing the operational budget. This situation continues because of many new tourist attractions competitors opened. Hence, economic development and village potential require a reference as a basis for the village government in determining future policies. This community service activity aims to compile a master plan for tourism and economic development in Dawung Village through Integrated Agro Edu Tourism, which focuses on developing agro-tourism integrated with the agricultural system with an tourism education approach. The method used to compile the master plan consists of three stages: socialization to the Village government about the initial design concept. The second stage is Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities to obtain input regarding potentials, problems, design concepts, and specific needs from partners; the third stage is master plan design finalization. The community service results in a master plan of a Dawung Village hotspot as the guidance for developing local potential so that Dawung Village can be more advanced and competitive.

Features of teaching social humanitarian disciplines at the university for students studying in English

The article is devoted to the description of the research conducted within the framework of teaching the course “Political Science” at the Karaganda Medical University using CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) technology. In the last decade, CLIL technology has become widely used. This is a dual educational approach in which an additional language is used to study and teach a general education subject, both its content and language. Authentic materials have a special role in this approach. They help to enrich students' learning experience, broaden their horizons and acquire knowledge not only about the subject, about the contextual interdisciplinary environment, but also about specific terms in the study of the subject and their use within authentic texts. According to the results of the work the positive dynamics of the understanding of authentic texts was observed in all students to varying degrees. It should be noted that in the oral survey students repeatedly expressed interest in the prepared tasks with Indian content, which undoubtedly confirms the high motivation of students to the developed lessons with authentic material, and, consequently, to the subject and language being studied, which can serve as an incentive for further development and use of this experience.

Does childhood maltreatment influence Chinese preschool education college students' depression and anxiety? Evidence from a latent class analysis.

Preschool teachers' mental health may be a critical factor in their job performance, which in turn can influence the quality of early childhood education. However, little is known about its development. Childhood maltreatment, as a chronic form of childhood stress, may influence later mental health development. Although large, comprehensive research has been undertaken on childhood maltreatment and mental health, the associations between these two variables need further exploration. This study aims to describe childhood maltreatment based on person-centered approaches in Chinese preschool education college students, and to examine the differences in depression and anxiety within subgroups of childhood maltreatment. A total of 1,218 Chinese preschool education college students participated in this study, and the data analysis was based on unconditional and conditional latent class analysis. The results showed that the participants were divided into 5 profiles: a non-maltreatment profile; a profile of emotional abuse and emotional and physical neglect; a profile of physical neglect; a profile of emotional neglect; and a profile of physical and emotional neglect. Students with multiple subtypes of maltreatment had the highest levels of depression and anxiety. Universities should consider both childhood maltreatment and profiles of childhood maltreatment when training preschool education college students.

Kesehatan Mulut dan Nutrisi Optimal Dalam Membangun Kemandirian Kesehatan Generasi Emas di Sekolah Dasar (SD N Glagahwero 2 Jember)

Background: Oral health and optimal nutrition are pivotal in fostering the health autonomy of the golden generation, particularly among primary school-aged children. However, awareness regarding dental care and nutrition significance often lacks among children, especially within the primary school environment. Hence, an effective and innovative educational approach is imperative to instill awareness and healthy habits among young children. Purpose: This study aims to develop and execute a community engagement program focused on cultivating awareness of oral health and optimal nutrition among primary school children at Glagahwero Elementary School, Jember. Implementation: The program will entail employing interactive educational media, including dental and oral health games, and engaging learning materials that are accessible and comprehensible to children. Result: It is envisaged that through this program, there will be an augmentation in knowledge and comprehension among children regarding the importance of oral health and optimal nutrition, as well as the adoption of healthy habits in dental care and dietary choices. Suggestion: Sustainable and collaborative measures need to be undertaken between schools, communities, and local governments to ensure the long-term viability and success of this program.

Learning curves in abdominal ultrasound in medical students.

Ultrasound (US) is an essential diagnostic and educational tool in medical practice, and its effective implementation into medical curricula is critical. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of two disparate educational approaches-anoptional semester course and a specifically curated intensive workshop-on the learning curve of medical students in abdominal ultrasonography. Engaging fourth and fifth-year medical students, this study, incorporated boththeoretical and practical elements of US, providing participants with hands-on experience and evaluative assessments pre- andpost-training. Students were segregated into two groups: one experienced a 14-hour optional semester course and the othera 6-hour intensive workshop, both yielding distinct teaching methodologies yet aspiring for synonymous educational outcomes. Involving a total of 93 participants, findings elucidated that regardless of the educational method employed,post-training identification of US structures exhibited a significant enhancement compared to pre-training. Interestingly, nosubstantial disparities were discerned between the two educational approaches nor gender-based differences in learning outcomes. This investigation provides pivotal insights into the versatile utility of different educational strategies inabdominal US training for medical students, affirming that varied pedagogical methods can achieve comparable augmentations in student proficiency. Further research is paramount to ascertain the optimal integration of US education into medicalcurricula, considering aspects such as duration, depth, and mode of delivery.

Mathematics students’ self-reported resources used for solving real-life problems in a challenge-based modelling course

There are new educational approaches that are moving towards student-centred teaching and learning. One of them is challenge-based education, where students acquire and develop disciplinary knowledge and competencies by collaborating on solving real-life problems. Hence, in this paper, we report on a study of applied mathematics students’ learning experiences in the context of challenge-based education in a higher education mathematics course. Using a case study approach, we investigate how students perceive the role of the different resources to help them solve real-life problems during a one-week challenge-based modelling course. We collected data, from four groups of students (5–7 students each) who worked together and interacted with their mathematics supervisors and problem owners. Results show (1) the crucial importance of using and integrating different resources, such as social resources (e.g. mathematics supervisors and problem owner), for such learning environments to link mathematics to an authentic situation and develop the skills of an ‘applied mathematician in the real world’; (2) the relevance of mathematical knowledge in creating models to solve real-life challenges.

Agricultural extension: is it still relevant?

Abstract The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation systems in the digital world challenges agricultural extension. This study investigates the contemporary significance of diverse and productive agriculture, specifically focusing on agricultural extension. This study investigates the implementation of agricultural extension services in Indonesia's automation, digital, and adapting environments through a comprehensive review of existing literature. Studies have indicated that agricultural extension plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change. This study assesses the effectiveness of agricultural extension services in different environments in Indonesia through qualitative research methods. Information was gathered by conducting interviews, surveys, and field observations. The results demonstrate the indispensability of agricultural extension in all types of environments, particularly in addressing climate change. It has been ascertained that each environment necessitates distinct educational approaches. Digital environments prioritise acquiring technical knowledge, automation environments necessitate education in sustainable agricultural practices, and adapting environments prioritise integrating field experience and local knowledge. This study provides an extensive review of the functions of agricultural extension. It demonstrates that agricultural extension can combat climate change. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of employing educational methods and approaches tailored to the specific environment, as this will influence the development of agricultural extension education.

Achieving creative collaboration between language teachers and artists

Inspired by academic thinking and practice-based work on creativity and education, and creative approaches in language education, this article is based on outcomes of the project ‘Creating Welcoming Learning Environments: Disseminating Arts-Based Approaches to Including All Learners’, funded by the UK Arts & Humanities Research Council. The project brought together creative artists specializing in filmmaking, drama, crafting, poetry and the spoken word, textiles and music with teachers in the south-west of England, who collaborated on integrating arts-based practices into language teaching, learning and assessment. The focus of the project was to generate new ways of teaching a) children developing English as an Additional Language (EAL) in mainstream primary, secondary and special schools and b) all children in schools where there is a commitment to building an ethos of inclusion and diversity in relation to languages and cultures. The article reports on how co-operative, collaborative workshops were used to bring teachers, creative artists and researchers together in a way which valued everyone’s knowledge and expertise. A thematic analysis of data from evaluation interviews undertaken with the participating teachers is provided and the potential for workshop-based professional development opportunities as a way of achieving creative collaboration in schools is discussed.

Pengembangan Modul Ajar Berdiferensiasi Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka dengan Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik

This research is development research and aims to produce a teaching device in the form of an emancipated curriculum-based module with a realistic mathematics education approach that is valid, practical, and effective. This research employs the 4- D development model conducted on the seventh grade students at SMPN 1 Kwandang, North Gorontalo Regency, in the first semester of the academic year 2022/2023. The results indicate that the quality of the developed product meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This is proven by the validation results for the teaching module, where the average score given by the validators is 96.8%, indicating that it is categorized as highly valid. The analysis of the practicality aspect during the small-scale trial yielded scores ranging from 81% to 100%, meeting the criteria of being highly practical. The large-scale trial also indicates an average score of 100% with a highly practical rating. The effectiveness aspect was analyzed based on the students learning test results, which had an average score of 92.0%. In conclusion, with a realistic mathematics education approach, the emancipated curriculum-based mathematics teaching module is valid, practical, and effective for algebra material in seventh grade at SMPN 1 Kwandang.

Fostering Transversal Skills through Open Schooling with the CARE-KNOW-DO Framework for Sustainable Education

This large cross-national study investigates the development of transversal skills in the context of open schooling—an educational approach integrating schools, universities, and communities to address real-world challenges—through the CARE-KNOW-DO framework. Utilising a mixed-methods approach across five countries, this research employs a novel validated self-report instrument to evaluate the perceptions of 12,074 underserved students concerning their learning experiences in open schooling environments. An exploratory factor analysis enabled us to explore quantitative insight into students’ skill development, while thematic analysis of 20 teachers’ reports contributed qualitative depth. The study identified six critical transversal skills: self-initiative, problem-solving, emotional engagement, scientific citizenship, authentic learning, and future prospects. Significant geographic, gender, and age-related variations were found, with notable disparities in skill perceptions among nonbinary students, indicating the need for more inclusive educational support. All countries showed high levels of perceived transversal skills, with 83% of Greek and 80% of Brazilian students leading, compared to 64% in Romania and the UK, and 62% in Spain. Trends suggest secondary students exhibit stronger global citizenship and authentic learning, although they report less confidence in problem-solving and self-initiative than their primary counterparts. These findings, viewed alongside 12 teaching competencies revealed through thematic analysis, underscore the effectiveness of open schooling, which is underexplored, in fostering key skills and call for pedagogical innovations that integrate real-life issues into the curriculum. The study contributes to Agenda 2030—quality of education by demonstrating the real-world applicability of the CARE-KNOW-DO framework for educational practice and policy towards equity and sustainability. Our comparative analysis of transversal skill development across diverse student populations, as well as teaching competencies, further advances the discourse on improving 21st-century education.