Reuse Approach Research Articles

User behavior pattern mining and reuse across similar Android apps

Nowadays, Android apps have penetrated all aspects of our lives. Despite their popularity, understanding their behaviors is still a challenging task. Considering that many Android apps are in the same category and share similar workflows, in this paper, we propose a user behavior pattern mining and reuse approach across similar Android apps, thereby reducing the cost of understanding new apps. Particularly, for a specific new app, to figure out its typical behaviors, the behavior patterns that refer to the frequently-occurring workflows can be obtained from another similar app and transferred to this app. Moreover, to reuse the behavior patterns on this app, a semantic-based event fuzzy matching strategy and continuous workflow generation strategy are raised to generate workflows for this app. To evaluate our approach’s effectiveness and rationality, we conduct a series of experiments on 25 Android apps in five categories. Furthermore, the experimental results show that 88.3% of behavior patterns can be completely reused on similar apps, and the generated workflows cover 89.1% of the top 20% of important states.

From Waste to Green Applications: The Use of Recovered Gold and Palladium in Catalysis.

The direct use in catalysis of precious metal recovery products from industrial and consumer waste is a very promising recent area of investigation. It represents a more sustainable, environmentally benign, and profitable way of managing the low abundance of precious metals, as well as encouraging new ways of exploiting their catalytic properties. This review demonstrates the feasibility and sustainability of this innovative approach, inspired by circular economy models, and aims to stimulate further research and industrial processes based on the valorisation of secondary resources of these raw materials. The overview of the use of recovered gold and palladium in catalytic processes will be complemented by critical appraisal of the recovery and reuse approaches that have been proposed.

Detector-based component model abstraction for microservice-based systems

One of the chief problems in software architecture is avoiding architecture model drift and erosion in all kinds of complex software systems. Microservice-based systems introduce new challenges in this context, as they often use a large variety of technologies in their latest iteration, and are changed and released very frequently. Existing solutions that can be used to reconstruct architecture models fall short in addressing these new challenges, as they cannot easily cope with continuous evolution, their accuracy is too low, and highly polyglot settings are not supported well. In this work, we report on a research study aiming to design a highly accurate architecture model abstraction approach for comprehending component architecture models of highly polyglot systems that can cope with continuous evolution. After analyzing the results of related studies, we found two possible architecture model abstraction approaches that meet the requirements of our study: an opportunistic, and a reusable semi-automatic detector-based approach. We have conducted an empirical case study for validation and comparison of the two approaches. We conclude that both detector approaches are feasible. In our case study, the reusable approach breaks even in terms of time and effort needed for establishing reuse, if modest reuse of detectors is possible, and is producing slightly more high quality and evolution-stable solutions than the opportunistic approach.

Predicting intent behind selections in scatterplot visualizations

Predicting and capturing an analyst’s intent behind a selection in a data visualization is valuable in two scenarios: First, a successful prediction of a pattern an analyst intended to select can be used to auto-complete a partial selection which, in turn, can improve the correctness of the selection. Second, knowing the intent behind a selection can be used to improve recall and reproducibility. In this paper, we introduce methods to infer analyst’s intents behind selections in data visualizations, such as scatterplots. We describe intents based on patterns in the data, and identify algorithms that can capture these patterns. Upon an interactive selection, we compare the selected items with the results of a large set of computed patterns, and use various ranking approaches to identify the best pattern for an analyst’s selection. We store annotations and the metadata to reconstruct a selection, such as the type of algorithm and its parameterization, in a provenance graph. We present a prototype system that implements these methods for tabular data and scatterplots. Analysts can select a prediction to auto-complete partial selections and to seamlessly log their intents. We discuss implications of our approach for reproducibility and reuse of analysis workflows. We evaluate our approach in a crowd-sourced study, where we show that auto-completing selection improves accuracy, and that we can accurately capture pattern-based intent.

Model‐Based Systems Product Line Engineering of Physical Protection Systems

AbstractA physical protection system (PPS) aims to protect a system against adversarial attacks by deterrence, detection, delay, and response. PPSs have targeted the protection of various systems, each of which has its specific requirements. On the other hand, PPSs also share a large set of features that are implemented for each system. To reduce the development cost, reduce time‐to‐market, and increase the quality of systems, a large‐scale systematic reuse approach as defined by systems product line engineering (SPLE) can be applied. So far, PPS methods have mainly considered the systems engineering of single PPSs. In this paper, we report on our industrial experiences and lessons learned for adopting SPLE for PPSs. An explicit model‐based systems engineering approach is adopted in which the focus is on the formalized application of models in the overall systems engineering life cycle. Hereby, the presented approach adopts and integrates model‐based systems engineering, product line engineering, and the PPS method to provide a systematic large‐scale reuse approach for systems engineering of PPSs. We discuss the detailed steps of the approach and report on the lessons learned for adopting model‐based systems product line engineering for PPS.

OPTIMIZATION OF DAYLIGHT IN MUSUEMS AND ART GALLERIES

The aim of research is to identify the connection between daylight and museums. A museum may be a place where individuals will explore and learn the past, present and future of history, culture and science. Nowadays museum architecture emphasizes the museum for public interaction and best for education approach. The museum lighting is a challenge with daylight openings. This paper analyses the lighting environment of museum and art galleries with a satisfactory solution of daylight by using different passive design strategies without avoiding the harm to the artifacts and these parameters are good lighting solutions for existing as well as proposed building in terms of sustainability, energy consumption and perseveration. By using these parameters, we can also manage the artificial light and provide an advance solution in LED technologies and lighting solutions can be effectively used to retrofit a museum lighting environment and affecting the connection to the environment. Considering the benefits and challenges of introducing the daylight in museums and galleries. The typology of building and daylight parameters have directly impact on environment and create a visual shape in visitor’s mind. This study is based on majority of heritage buildings current deterioration state prevents those buildings from performing efficiently. A sustainable reuse approach for heritage buildings is considered essential. Old palaces that are usually reused with different functions mostly like museums for their considered interior beauty and unique rich designs. Function alteration along with a deteriorated state augments the energy consumption problem. The optimization of various skylight parameters is evaluated for their combined performance. The results disclose an improved performance which indicates the effectiveness of the energy and day lighting optimized strategies and techniques for heritage reuse. Daylight will help to create building more live, and a step to reducing the climate change and save our environment with global warming.

Reclaimed water driven lettuce cultivation in a hydroponic system: the need of micropollutant removal by advanced wastewater treatment

For a novel approach of resource-efficient water reuse, a municipal wastewater treatment plant was extended at pilot scale for advanced wastewater treatment, i.e., ozonation and biological activated carbon filtration, and a hydroponic system for reclaimed water driven lettuce cultivation. The treatment specific wastewater lines with the corresponding lettuce plants, differentiated into roots and shoots, were monitored for priority wastewater micropollutants, i.e., acesulfame (sweetener), caffeine (stimulant), carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazole with acetyl-sulfamethoxazole (human pharmaceuticals), 1H-benzotriazole, and 4/5-methylbenzotriazole (industrial chemicals). As clearly demonstrated, conventional tertiary treatment could not efficiently clean up wastewater. Removal efficiencies ranged from 3% for carbamazepine to 100% for ibuprofen. The resulting pollution of the hydroponic water lines led to the accumulation of acesulfame, carbamazepine, and diclofenac in lettuce root systems at 32.0, 69.5, and 135 μg kg−1 and in the uptake of acesulfame and carbamazepine into lettuce shoots at 23.4 and 120 μg kg−1 dry weight, respectively. In contrast, both advanced treatment technologies when operating under optimized conditions achieved removal efficiencies of > 90% also for persistent micropollutants. Minimizing the pollution of reclaimed water thus met one relevant need for hydroponic lettuce cultivation.Graphical abstract

Safe and Reusable Approach for Pin-to-Port Assignment in Multiboard FPGA Data Acquisition and Control Designs

This article introduces a robust approach for pin-to-port assignment in multiboard field-programmable gate array designs. The problem has been known for a long time and is especially annoying in relatively large data acquisition (DAQ) systems, such as DAQ and control systems for high-energy physics experiments, where hundreds of differential signals are routed via multiple boards. However, there is still no generic user-friendly open-source solution. The proposed approach has two main goals: safety (check as many potential human mistakes as possible) and reusability (reuse connections mappings, defined in files, in multiple designs). The proposed file format description is concise and comprehensible. It is fully declarative, vendor-agnostic, part-agnostic, and programming language-agnostic from the user's perspective. The article also presents the realization of the idea implemented in the Python language and provides real-life example from the DAQ readout chain for the silicon tracking system for the compressed baryonic matter experiment.

Reusable unit process life cycle inventory (UPLCI) for manufacturing: laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)

In many industrial applications, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has been recognized for its flexibility in Net Shape Manufacturing. During the process, the feedstock is deposited and selectively fused with a thermal joining via laser power. In this work, the unit process life cycle inventory methodology (UPLCI) was used to discretize energy consumption and material losses for modeling the L-PBF process. A reusable approach in terms of materials, parameters, and calculation tools is presented, to estimate the energy consumption and mass loss in practical evaluations of production lines. Calculations of energy were obtained and classified as basic, idle, and active energy. Theoretical equations were also shown to relate the most important parameters of the process with its energy consumption. Finally, a case study is presented to analyze the UPLCI capacity to improve energy consumption in the manufacturing of medical devices.

Matrix Trays: From waste to opportunities

Matrix Trays are single-use plastic carriers used to transport integrated chips and circuit board components during automated test and assembly processes for Printed Circuit Boards. These trays represent a significant yet consistent waste stream; primarily in the electronics industry and many other industries that integrate microchips into their products especially the automotive industry. By the end of 2017, the National Sword Policy which was implemented by China on plastic waste import from other countries and especially the United States catalyzed a huge crisis and forced manufacturers and companies to deal with their own plastic waste streams. This study presents two alternative approaches of reusing trays to the reduced conventional recycling practices which have caused used trays to remain in storage or be deposited in landfills. Approaches including a students’ design competition and a proof of concept case study for an autonomous shading device are presented. The shading device was designed, tested and validated. Trays were transformed from waste into 13 possible products showing that a circular economy and industrial symbiosis can be achieved by integrating multidisciplinary reuse approaches for by-product reuse and sustainable industry practices. Environmental and economic impacts were evaluated comparing reuse to recycling, combustion and landfilling. The results showed that reusing trays reduces energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

End-to-End Precoding Validation Over a Live GEO Satellite Forward Link

In this paper we demonstrate end-to-end precoded multi-user multiple-input single-output communications over a live GEO satellite link. Precoded communications enable full frequency reuse schemes in satellite communications to achieve broader service availability and higher spectrum efficiency than with the conventional four-color and two-color reuse approaches. In this scope, we develop a novel over-the-air test-bed for end-to-end precoding validations. We were able to demonstrate precoded communications over an actual geostationary orbit multi-beam satellite using the DVB-S2X standard-compliant state-of-the-art gateway and user terminals. The developed system is capable of fully end-to-end real-time communications over a satellite link and demonstrates novel channel measurements and channel compensation techniques for differential frequency and phase tracking. It is shown, that by successfully canceling inter-user interference in the actual satellite link, the precoding improves the received SINR and increases the total system goodput in aggressive full frequency reuse scenarios.

Application of a Reusability Approach in Simulation of Heritage Buildings Performance, Taif- Saudi Arabia

Application of a Reusability Approach in Simulation of Heritage Buildings Performance, Taif- Saudi Arabia

Zero Fenton sludge discharge: a review on reuse approach during wastewater treatment by the advanced oxidation process

The substantial growth of industrial development and challenging regulations associated with environmental protection demands new and advanced technologies for the effective treatment of the effluents. The applications of the classical Fenton process are versatile and effective particularly for the treatment of recalcitrant compounds among advanced oxidation processes. However, the classical Fenton process possesses some shortcomings like the requirement of a narrow pH range, production of a high amount of iron sludge, and high chemical involvement. These drawbacks are the environmental barriers that restricted its widespread application. Several modifications have been adopted by many researchers as possible solutions to overcome these restrictions. Although several types of research and reviews have been reported in the literature on Fenton’s types and applications, nevertheless, a review with emphasis on the restrictions of the Fenton process and their possible solutions is lacking. The present review delineates the restrictions of the classical Fenton process and recent approaches to overcome these limitations with a special focus on Fenton sludge reuse systems as a sustainable approach. The Fenton sludge reuse systems for various wastewater treatment are also highlighted. The sludge reuse systems without regeneration, with optimized addition of reagents dosage, are the most effective method for treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review article focusing Fenton sludge reuse system for wastewater treatment. The review also addresses the possible areas for future research as reported in the literature, to make the process cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and its feasibility for large-scale applications.

A clustering and TreeMap-based approach for query reuse and visualisation in large data repositories

A clustering and TreeMap-based approach for query reuse and visualisation in large data repositories

Multiple Reuse of Electrocoagulation Treated Reactive Dyeing Wash-Off: Colorimetric Properties and Water Saving

Dyeing wash-off operations in textile industries quite water intensive resulting into the generation of highly polluted wastewater. This study evaluated the treatment efficiency of electrocoagulation process to decolorize the synthetic effluent of CI Reactive Yellow 145 and then, the treated effluent was reused for 08 subsequent wash-off cycles of textile dyeing. The process parameters (Electrolysis time, applied current density and pH) were optimized and the maximum colour removal efficiency (98%) was achieved at pH 7, 10 minutes treatment time and current density of 90 A/m2. The fabric quality was assessed in terms of Colour difference and wash fastness properties. The Colour difference values of all dyed fabric samples up to 8 reuse cycles were ranged 0.38 to 0.85 which is industrially acceptable quality limit (ΔEcmc < 1). The wash fastness and Colour strength properties were also comparable to that of conventionally washed off fabric samples. However, an increase in pH, COD, TDS and turbidity was observed after every reuse but it did not deteriorate the quality of dyeing. This approach of reuse of electrocoagulation treated dye wash-off liquor up to 8 cycles provides a sustainable solution for textile industry.

A case report: insights into reducing plastic waste in a microbiology laboratory.

Single-use plastics have often replaced more sustainable materials in microbiology laboratories. Keeping in mind that one of the objectives of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals is responsible consumption and production, we wanted to document how many single-use plastic items could be saved by taking reduction and reuse approaches in a microbiology laboratory. After taking 4 weeks to document the baseline levels of single-use plastic waste being generated in our laboratory and identifying ways to reduce our reliance on them, we implemented various reduction and reuse approaches and then documented our plastic use over a 7-week period. Reduction approaches included moving to sustainable materials, such as reusable wooden sticks for patch plating and metal loops for inoculation. Reuse approaches focused on reusing plastic tubes via a chemical decontamination station and autoclaving, facilitating the reduction of single-use plastics and a decrease in the amount of waste generated. By utilizing reduction and reuse strategies, which could be implemented in other microbiology laboratories, substantial single-use plastic savings were achieved. These savings had an impact on the amount of biohazard waste being autoclaved and incinerated, as well as generating substantial cost savings for the research institute. The reductions in waste documented in this study could act as a benchmark for others wanting to implement the changes described.

Multi‐criteria analysis to identify the factors affecting water reuse scheme in India

AbstractThe growing interest in alternative water supplies is impelling societies, government bodies and industries throughout the world to conduct research and discuss the feasibility of reuse of treated wastewater. Treated wastewater has emerged as an affordable source of water supply worldwide. Designing of wastewater reuse systems involves consideration of multiple criteria such as technical, social, economic, environmental, legal as well as multiple stakeholders. The objective of the present study is to develop a multi‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) approach using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) for the selection of significant criteria and sub‐criteria governing the planning and execution of water reuse systems considering the local conditions and end users. The weightage of the individual parameters is obtained. The results indicate that the weightage of different criteria varies for different stakeholders. The analysis may help in developing a holistic approach for reuse of treated wastewater inducing improved decision‐making at authoritative levels.

Soft actuated material: Exploration of a programmable composite

This paper describes the development of a programmable composite material and investigates its application in architecture as flexible and controllable surfaces. The composite leverages qualities found in the field of soft robots, that is, strength, precision, and the ability to change shape through vacuum actuation. It is an exploration of a range of applications for shape shifting composites within different phases of architecture. This research has deployed a controlled form-actuator of a designed surface as a reusable and flexible approach for concrete formwork and as a continuously changing spatial element, which aims to create a more engaging relationship between habitat and inhabitant. The design method linked to this composite aims to converge technology and material behavior and therethrough create a more linear process from design to construction. This paper elaborates on the design, simulation and fabrication methods, and their development through empirical research from individual actuatable cells to a controllable multi-cell surface and associated design tool.

Preparation of porous silicate supported micro-nano zero-valent iron from copper slag and used as persulfate activator for removing organic contaminants

Porous silicate supported micro-nano zero-valent iron (PSi@ZVI) was prepared from copper slag (CS) through carbothermal reduction technology, and used as a persulfate (PS) activator for removing organic contaminants. Results showed that the properties of the activator were greatly affected by the preparation conditions. Calcination for 20 min at 1100 °C with 20% anthracite was considered the optimum preparation condition for degradation of orange G (OG). The removal rate of OG was improved by increasing the dosages of PSi@ZVI or PS and raising the reaction temperature. Moreover, PSi@ZVI exhibited excellent PS activator ability in a wide range of initial pH, good degradation capability for eosin Y, methyl orange, acid fuchsine, and methylene blue. The reusability and safety of PSi@ZVI were verified. Electron paramagnetic resonance and radical quenching tests indicated that sulfate radical (SO4−) was the main active species in the PSi@ZVI/PS system. The X-ray diffraction results indicated that a high calcination temperature (1100 °C) was beneficial to the reduction of iron-bearing minerals to ZVI. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy results revealed that the formation of porous structure of PSi@ZVI and the generation of nano to micro-sized ZVI particles on the surface of the silicate holes. The X-ray photoelectron spectra showed that ZVI was first convert into Fe(II), which mainly activated PS and generated Fe(III) in the PSi@ZVI/PS system. Furthermore, the intermediates of OG were detected using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and the possible degradation pathway of OG was proposed. This study provides a novel approach for reuse of CS as a heterogeneous activator to effectively activate PS.

Evolution of quality assessment in SPL: a systematic mapping

Software product line (SPL) is one of the most recent and effective reuse approaches. SPL derives several products from the core artefacts. SPL engineering includes two processes: domain engineering, which identifies the common and variable features to develop the core artefacts, and application engineering, which reuses the core artefacts to derive products. Once the artefacts are reused across multiple products, quality assessment is necessary to prevent inconsistencies from spreading across all SPL products. There are several frameworks and standards, as ISO/IEC 25010:2011, to evaluate quality characteristics. In this study, the authors provide an overview of the SPL quality assessment. Therefore, they perform a systematic mapping to compile and synthesise data regarding the quality characteristics assessed in studies from 2000 to 2019. The results include the identification of 346 metrics applied in 16 software properties to evaluate three quality characteristics of the ISO/IEC 25010:2011. Additionally, they find the domain engineering evaluation frequently occurs regarding the maintainability characteristic. Moreover, they provide analyses of the: (i) metrics used by programming paradigm, (ii) metrics used by software properties, (iii) software properties evaluated for each quality characteristic, (iv) tools used to extract metrics, (v) systems used as benchmarks, and (vi) datasets used for extracting metrics.