Abstract
The direct use in catalysis of precious metal recovery products from industrial and consumer waste is a very promising recent area of investigation. It represents a more sustainable, environmentally benign, and profitable way of managing the low abundance of precious metals, as well as encouraging new ways of exploiting their catalytic properties. This review demonstrates the feasibility and sustainability of this innovative approach, inspired by circular economy models, and aims to stimulate further research and industrial processes based on the valorisation of secondary resources of these raw materials. The overview of the use of recovered gold and palladium in catalytic processes will be complemented by critical appraisal of the recovery and reuse approaches that have been proposed.
Highlights
Gold and palladium are precious metals that occupy an important place in numerous industries
Owing to its excellent conductivity and stability, gold is extensively applied in electronics; palladium is well known for its potent catalytic properties in a variety of organic reactions and is exploited as a stable oxidation catalyst in three-way catalytic converters (TWCs)
This review provides an overview of the published research on the use of recovered gold and palladium compounds in catalysis in the context of the industrially established recovery processes and products
Summary
Gold and palladium are precious metals that occupy an important place in numerous industries. The performance of such catalysts is often unsatisfactory both in terms of catalytic activity and stability, making them less appealing for industrial purposes [9,10,11] For this reason, the possibility of using precious metal compounds derived from waste processing directly in catalysis has experienced a growing interest, in the academic community. The possibility of using precious metal compounds derived from waste processing directly in catalysis has experienced a growing interest, in the academic community This has led to greater focus on waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) and end-of-life vehicles, which represent the richest secondary sources of gold and palladium, respectively. Innovative, earlier-stage yet promising approaches to improve the sustainability of the circular economy model will be covered to provide suggestions for future research in the area
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