Resource Management Approach Research Articles

A Survey on Mobile Edge Computing Infrastructure: Design, Resource Management, and Optimization Approaches

Emerging 5G cellular networks are expected to face a dramatic increase in the volume of mobile traffic and IoT user requests due to the massive growth in mobile devices and the emergence of new compute-intensive applications. Running high-intensive compute applications on resource-constrained mobile devices has recently become a major concern, given the constraints of finite computation and limited storage capacities. Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has recently become the key technology to overcome these issues by providing cloud computing capabilities and placing IT infrastructures at the mobile network edge. In this survey, we present a list of relevant research papers for the MEC infrastructure implementation phases, including (1) MEC infrastructure designing and dimensioning, (2) MEC infrastructure virtualization using Network Function Virtualization (NFV) concept, and the use of virtualized service placement and auto-scaling methods to deploy an agile system framework, (3) MEC resource management frameworks, and (4) approaches used to optimize the MEC resources on the physical infrastructure. The main focus of this survey is to determine the required aspects to implement an auto-scaled and proactive MEC-NFV infrastructure to support a dynamic and heterogenous mobile users’ demand at mobile network operators.

Competency-based Human Resource Management in the Public Service from Educational Perspective

This study aims to provide a theoretical analysis of the applicability of competency-based Human Resource Management (HRM) approaches in the civil service with a view to enhancing and embedding the development of HRM in national systems, such as in the Hungarian civil service, where, despite its growing popularity, it has not been adequately addressed so far. It is our intention to focus on several interrelated aspects of the issue, analysing its components and indicating directions for improvement. Exploring the reasons behind the lack of progress in this area, the study highlights aspects such as the misunderstandings resulting from the differences of interpretations of competency-based HRM, and of the practical implications of the measurability of competencies. It also presents the special features of practices employed in the United States, where the interpretation of competencies is based on the unified personality of the employee, who is ready to develop new competencies that meet the requirements of employers and the changing work environment. It seems important to bring the approaches of the training institutions into line with those of the public institutions, even if compromises are unavoidable.

Neutrosophic Near-Subtraction Semigroups and its Application

Potential mechanisms for dealing with water resources are provided by water resource management (WRM). To determine agricultural water resources, a new multi-criteria water resource management approach was created in this work. The management of agricultural water resources has become a major issue in the current circumstances. To create this circumstance, a multi-criteria approach is required. We were able to address a real-world water resource management issue using the suggested multi-criteria decision-making technique. The neutrosophic TOPSIS environment has been taken into account in this decision-making dilemma. Summertime water demand is high, and towards the end of summer, when monsoon season arrives, water demand is low in the agricultural field. During the monsoon season, it is not uncommon for rain to fall just in parts. In agriculture, growing crops during the monsoon season was difficult at the time. As a result, the nature of the water shortage in this area is non-linear and unclear. Because of this, we suggested an MCDM technique for WRM issues in a neutrosophic TOPSIS -environment context.

Latent trait analysis for teacher career development and capacity improvement in higher education institutions

This study shows the influence of human resource management practices on the academic and non-academic staff and its impact on the higher education institution's goals. A questionnaire based on the Cranet survey was used to gather data from 240 employees (academic and non-academic staff) from a public higher education institution. A phi-k correlation algorithm was used to verify the underlying correlation coefficients, statistical significance, and outliers within multiple data types. This algorithm allows a more personalized, understandable approach to reveal the human resource management practices that significantly impact the teacher career development and capacity improvement. In addition, the use of background variables to identify the groups of respondents allows the algorithm to discern the multidimensional data for a more personalized human resource management approach. Human resource management practices involving training development and staff were correlated to the institution's goals. The phi-k correlation proved to be a suitable tool to shape structural models and latent trait analysis between multiple data types, which can overcome the drawbacks of Pearson and Cramer correlations when processing non-linear data. The presented research contributes to the literature by using the phi-k algorithm to process multiple data types. The proposed study with the phi-k algorithm is the first time applied to higher education institutions.

Murky waters: divergent ways scientists, practitioners, and landowners evaluate beaver mimicry

Beaver mimicry is a fast-growing conservation technique to restore streams and manage water that is gaining popularity within the natural resource management community because of a wide variety of claimed socio-environmental benefits. Despite a growing number of projects, many questions and concerns about beaver mimicry remain. This study draws on qualitative data from 49 interviews with scientists, practitioners, and landowners, to explore the question of how beaver mimicry projects continue to be promoted and implemented, despite the lack of comprehensive scientific studies and unclear regulatory requirements. Specifically, we investigate how these three groups differentially assess the salience, credibility, and legitimacy of evidence for beaver mimicry and analyze how those assessments affect each group’s conclusions about the feasibility, desirability, and scalability of beaver mimicry. By highlighting the interaction between how someone assesses evidence and how they draw conclusions about an emerging natural resource management approach, we draw attention to the roles of experiential evidence and scientific data in debates over beaver mimicry. Our research emphasizes that understanding how different groups perceive salience, credibility, and legitimacy of scientific information is necessary for understanding how they make assessments about conservation and natural resource management strategies.

Network Structure and Collaborative Management in Natural Resource and Environmental Management

Collaborative management is one approach to the management of common pool resource at the local level. Study of collaborative management is expected to offset the weakness of the hierarchical and market approach that is also existent in natural resource management. This study describes the conceptual framework and discourse of the collaborative approach of network structure-based natural resource and environmental management at the local level. Using literature review, this paper critically summarizes the views of researchers and academicians about network structure based collaborative management. This study concludes that network structure based collaborative management can address the dilemma and challenges in sustainable natural resource and environmental management. Sustainable development in the context of natural resource and environmental management is the resilience to environmental degradation, social vulnerability of local communities and the capacity to protect and adapt, along with the conservation of natural resources through innovations and revitalizations.

Magic muzzles? The silencing of teachers through HRM, performance appraisal and reputation concern

PurposeIn the deregulated public sector upper secondary school field in Oslo, Norway, teachers’ voice is found to be restricted. The purpose of the present paper is to examine human resource management (HRM) approach, satisfaction with the performance appraisal (PA) system and concern for reputation as possible antecedents to voice restrictions.Design/methodology/approachThe present study is based on a survey (N = 1,055) carried out among upper secondary school teachers in one urban, one suburban and one rural area of Norway. Data were analyzed with path analysis, including analyses of mediation, moderation and moderated mediation.FindingsAnalyses reveal that there is a positive relationship between voice restrictions and control-oriented HRM, PA dissatisfaction and reputation concern, respectively. Low-quality leader–member exchange (LMX) mediates the relationships between voice restrictions and control-oriented HRM, and voice restrictions and PA dissatisfaction, but not between voice restrictions and reputation concerns. No moderation or moderated mediation effects were found.Originality/valueWhile there is a broad literature on deregulation and marketization of public sector schools, research on its consequences is limited, and scholarship on the consequences for teachers’ voice is in its infancy. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is among the first to explore these issues, and, in addition, makes a rare contribution by unveiling that both PA satisfaction and reputation concern is related to voice restrictions.

Hydrological Modeling of the Astore River Basin, Pakistan, by Integrating Snow and Glacier Melt Processes and Climate Scenarios

The upper Indus River basin has large masses of glaciers that supply meltwater in the summer. Water resources from the upper Indus River basin are crucial for human activities and ecosystems in Pakistan, but they are vulnerable to climate change. This study focuses on the impacts of climate change, particularly the effects of receding glaciers on the water resources in a catchment of the upper Indus river basin. This study predicts river flow using a hydrologic model coupled with temperature-index snow and glacier melt models forced by observed climate data. The basin is divided into seven elevation zones so that the melt components and rainfall-runoff were calculated at each elevation zone. Hydrologic modeling revealed that glaciers contributed one-third of the total flow while snowmelt melt contributed about 40%; rainfall contributed to the remaining flow. Some climate scenarios based on CMIP5 and CORDEX were employed to quantify the impacts of climate change on annual river flows. The glacier retreat in the mid and late centuries is also considered based on climate change scenarios. Future river flows, simulated by the hydrologic model, project significant changes in their quantity and timing. In the mid-century, river flows will increase because of higher precipitation and glacier melt. Simulations projected that until 2050, the overall river flows will increase by 11%, and no change in the shape of the hydrograph is expected. However, this increasing trend in river flows will reverse in the late century because glaciers will not have enough mass to sustain the glacier melt flow. The change will result in a 4.5% decrease in flow, and the timing of the monthly peak flow will shift from June to May. This earlier shift in the streamflow will make water management more difficult in the future, requiring inclusive approaches in water resource management.

Motivations and spatial behavior of OHV recreationists: A case-study from central Utah (USA)

Despite the growing popularity of off-highway vehicle (OHV) recreation, only a small body of research has focused on the motivations of these recreationists, how motivations vary across participants, and how motivations are related to recreationists’ on-site behavior. Our investigation integrates established theory from the field of outdoor recreation management to develop a better understanding of the diverse motivations of OHV users visiting the Sheeprock Mountains region of central Utah, USA. We pair data on OHV users’ recreation experience preferences with data on their spatial behavior to develop strategic approaches for resource management. This can help balance the trade-offs between maintaining the quality and diversity of outdoor recreation experiences while limiting resource impacts. Our analyses revealed the motivations of OHV users were not related to a variety of variables characterizing OHV users’ rides (e.g., distance, speed, etc.). However, we did find distinct differences in the routes favored by OHV users preferring different outdoor recreation experiences. We visualize the concentration of routes preferred by OHV users with different experience preferences to inform the development of spatially targeted interpretation and signage efforts. Through this approach, we demonstrate how a better understanding of the diverse motivations of OHV users can be used to inform communication strategies designed to get the most meaningful information in front of the right users in the right places. The motivations of OHV users were not related to a variety of variables characterizing the OHV users' rides. There were distinct differences in the routes favored by OHV users preferring different outdoor recreation experiences. We document a method for visualizing the concentration of routes preferred by OHV users with different experience preferences. Visualizations of the concentration of routes preferred by OHV users with different experience preferences can be used to inform the development of spatially targeted interpretation and signage efforts.

Remote sensing’s role in improving transboundary water regulation and compliance: The Murray-Darling Basin, Australia

Growing agricultural water demand is dramatically affecting the implementation of, and compliance with, water sharing plans in regions such as the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB). Problems can arise from water theft, poor resourcing or questionable actions from stakeholders. Recent actions from MDB governments have resulted in improved regulation, although more is required in a technical, governance and cultural space to create a comprehensive and transparent management framework. This is pivotal in improving overall trust in water regulators. We discuss an integrated water resource management approach for improved water regulation, involving the implementation of remote sensing technologies to complement metering, coupled with a focus on a stronger compliance culture in a range of stakeholder groups and regulatory changes that allow quicker adoption of unbiased best practice science and technology.

Stakeholders’ interactions in managing water resources conflicts: a case of Lake Naivasha, Kenya

Abstract Recent years have seen unprecedented pressure from numerous water stakeholders with different interests in Lake Naivasha basin, the only freshwater lake in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya. The pressure on this water resource results in high competition over access to water source, unsustainable resources management practices, poor water quality, and emergence of conflicts between institutions and its users. Presently, there is a knowledge gap and paucity of information on water resources stakeholders’ interactions in Lake Naivasha basin. This study, therefore, analyses the ways resource stakeholders interact and play in the conflict dynamic, and ultimately propose a better water resource use and management approaches. Drawing on field assessments, individual interviews, focus group discussion, and secondary literature reviews, this paper illustrates how both local, national and multi-national stakeholders interact and contribute to water resources conflicts. Results suggest unclear county and national institutional structures, fragmented land use activities and ownership, a feeling of marginalization by the local population contributing to resource-based conflict within the lake basin. A comprehensive policy framework and enforcement of existing regulations will ensure there is sustainable water access, reduce conflicts and enhance sustainable water resource governance and use of the lake.

A green human resource management approach of participation in decision-making and behavioural outcomes – a moderated mediated model

PurposeThis study aims to assess the moderating and mediating role of supportive culture (SC) in the relationship between participation in decision-making (PDM) and job satisfaction (JS) and the dimensions of commitment, such as affective commitment (AC), normative commitment (NC) and continuance commitment (CC).Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 712 employees working in different public sector undertakings (PSUs) across India. Necessary condition analysis and partial least square analysis were used to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe findings of the present study indicated that SC is partially mediating the relationship between PDM and JS; PDM and AC. However, SC did not mediate the relationship between PDM and NC; PDM and CC. PDM was positively and significantly related to SC, JS, AC, NC and CC. JS had a significant impact on AC, NC and CC. It is highly desirable for organizations to retain their employees ranging from line managers to top management levels and provide opportunities for everyone to actively use their experience and expertise.Originality/valueThe findings have implications for managers, as well as employees in PSUs, as they demonstrate how several work-related factors can be emphasized to maintain employees' commitment and motivation. Until now, India has paid scant attention to the role of SC as a mediator and moderator between PDM, JS and multiple commitments. This study cautiously collected responses from unbiased employees working in a variety of organizational functional units.

Integrated water resources management approach in mitigating the potential impacts of climate change on hydrology in Gurara reservoir catchment, Northwest Nigeria

Abstract. The strategies and actions in the management of African River Basins in a warming climate environment have been studied. Using the Gurara Reservoir Catchment in North-West Nigeria as a case study, summations were proposed using hypothetical climate scenarios considering the Global Climate Models prediction and linear trend of the data. Four (4) proposed scenarios of temperature increase (1 % and 2 %) coupled with a decrease in precipitation of (−5 % and −10 %) were combined and applied for the study area. The Water Evaluation and Planning Tool was used to model and evaluates the impact of the earth's rising temperature and declining rainfall on the hydrology and availability of water by investigating its resilience to climate change. Modelling results indicate a reduction in available water within the study area from 4.3 % to 3.5 % compared to the baseline with no climate change scenario, revealing the current water management strategy as not sustainable, uncoordinated, and resulting in overexploitation. The findings could assist in managing future water resources in the catchment by accentuating the need to put in place appropriate adaptation measures to foster resilience to climate change. Practically, it is pertinent to shape more effective policies and regulations within catchments for effective water resources management in reducing water shortage as well as achieving downstream water needs and power benefit in thefuture, while also allowing flexibility in the operation of a reservoir with the ultimate goal of adapting to climate change.

Spatial-temporal variability and extreme climate indices of precipitation in a coastal watershed of southeastern Brazil.

The analysis of multi-temporal and spatial trends of rainfall in a river basin is an essential approach for water resource planning and management approach. In this study, a combination of trend analysis and spatial-temporal variability of the rainfall for 1970-2017 was applied to examine rainfall distribution patterns in a coastal watershed, Santa Maria da Vitória River Basin (southeastern Brazil). Data from 42 meteorological stations were analyzed using kriging as a geostatistical tool for point data interpolation. Trends in rainfall were computed using the RClimDex package with eleven extreme climate indices. The results have shown spatial and temporal rainfall variability, with drought events becoming more persistent in recent years in the upper sector of the basin, where agricultural land use prevails. Water shortage may impact crops and threatening the water supply and hydropower production. Trend analysis suggests that the annual total wet-day precipitation (PRCPTOT) increases in the coastal section and decreases in the upper basin sector. Consecutive dry days (CDD) and consecutive wet days (CWD) show a strong positive tendency in the lower basin section, where the metropolitan area is located, flooding risks increase in response to positive trends of intensive short-term rainfall events. These results support managers developing and planning sustainability strategies to assure water security and subsidize adaptative responses to extreme hydrological events.

Impact of Hotel Employee’s Emotional Intelligence on Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction

The previous researches in the Hospitality Industry of Mongolia especially at accommodation service facilities were mainly focused on the quality of hotel services and foreign guest satisfaction and behaviors. There are insufficient researches related to human resources aspects such as psychological problems, work conditions, incentives and career development, job satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of the research was (1) to carry out a survey related to emotional intelligence, emotional labor and to define job satisfaction among employees who are working for Mongolian upscale hotels, (2) to clear up whether the elements of emotional intelligence have differences depending on its variables and is to explore and to define correlations between variables namely emotional intelligence, emotional labor and job satisfaction, (3) while getting the survey’s outcome to develop more sustainable and beneficial approaches for human resources management and to develop theoretical and practical recommendations. We found that the emotional intelligence of upscale hotel employees has a positive correlation with their emotional labor and job satisfaction. And we also concluded that the frontline employees from the units as front office, housekeeping, food, and beverage perform excellent quality services to the guests from their deepest heart and they have a high level of emotional intelligence.

Clustering Approaches for Efficient Radio Resource Management in Heterogeneous Networks

5G telecommunication industry promises to manage and accomplish the massive data traffic and growing network requirement complexities in heterogeneous networks (HetNets). HetNets are K-tier networks and are expected to be seamlessly connected networks with robust services for users anywhere at any time. In near future, the significance of 5G/B5G cellular networks; in both indoor and outdoor environments will be greater than before and it would add up to an exhaustive level. However, as a result of the increased density of networks, a rise in interference within these ultra-dense networks (UDN) will have an alarming impact on throughput, interference and latency. To ensure high throughput with reduced interference in UDNs a clustered architecture is required. A HetNet with clustered approach enables the network to mitigate interference effectively and achieve efficient radio resource management (RRM). In this paper, we analyzed different clustering classifications and existing clustering techniques that are used for proficient radio resource management. The centralized clustering techniques and decentralized clustering techniques are analyzed and as a result, it is assumed that improved performance can be achieved by emphasizing on hybrid clustering approaches. In addition to this, performed a thoughtful review of existing hybrid clustering techniques to achieve improved throughput and mitigate interference in dense heterogeneous networks. Our analysis shows that improved radio resource management and increased throughput in HetNets is achieved by applying hybrid clustering techniques with reduced inter and intra tier interference.

An integrated deep learning and stochastic optimization approach for resource management in team-based healthcare systems

The aging of the global population and the increasing number of patients with chronic diseases necessitate an efficient healthcare operations mechanism to enable provision of appropriate services to patients in a timely and cost-efficient manner. This research provides a solution for two unanswered and critical challenges in healthcare team-based resource planning by employing machine learning and stochastic optimization. The first challenge is how the required workload of a patient should be measured and predicted. The second challenge is how decision-makers should plan and optimize resources in a healthcare team and eventually allocate patients to the available resources to efficiently satisfy needs and minimize costs. In this research, we develop a novel integrated model that provides a mathematical and systematic solution for predicting healthcare providers' total workload and balancing their workload when the required workload is unknown. The proposed approach consists of predictive and prescriptive phases. First, we predict the required workload for different patient types by proposing a deep multi-task learning approach. Then, we use the result of the prediction stage as input for assigning every patient to one of the available healthcare teams, determining the number of required teams, and balancing the teams' workloads in the prescriptive decision-making stage. The outcome of this study suggests that using multi-task learning on represented data outperforms other conventional prediction methods. Moreover, the results of using the proposed stochastic optimization model for resource planning indicate that consideration of randomness and stochastic variables in modeling team-based resource allocation reduces the total cost of healthcare operations considerably, and as a result, leads to enhanced access to healthcare.

Building resilient agricultural system through groundwater management interventions in degraded landscapes of Bundelkhand region, Central India

Study regionThe study was carried out at community scale watershed in one of the fragile ecologies of Central India. Study focusThis paper quantifies the impact of rainwater management (RWM) interventions on major water balance components, irrigation use, crop intensification and energy consumption and their interrelationships. New hydrological insights for the regionRWM interventions harvested additional 35 mm of surface runoff in various masonry structures and facilitated groundwater recharge from 720 mm rainfall received. The net groundwater recharge during monsoon season was estimated 75−80 mm; out of this, 25 % (15−20 mm) was used in kharif and 75 % (50−60 mm) in rabi season. Groundwater recharge largely took place in wet and normal years due to RWM interventions, which supported for meeting freshwater demand in recurring dry years. Increased groundwater recharge helped to enhance cropping intensity from 120 % to 180 % by converting significant fallow lands into productive cultivation. The time required to refill dug wells decreased by 50 % with every one meter increment in hydraulic head. Therefore, well recovery period reduced minimum by 50 % after the project interventions. The study shows a huge untapped potential for sustainable crop intensification by adopting science-based natural resource management approach in fragile eco regions of the semi-arid tropics.

La gestion responsable des ressources humaines dans le contexte de la pandémie de Covid-19 : Approche théorique

Since its outbreak in March 2020 in Morocco, the Covid-19 has disrupted the business world in Morocco. This pandemic has questioned the sanitary working conditions and the human resources management methods within companies. They are facing a more complicated context, characterized by legal and health constraints. Operating at only 50% is a government decision that that has negatively impacted the transaction volume in several industries. Physical distancing, using bibs, promoting proper ventilation… are essential actions for maintaining a healthy climate. Human resources directors are becoming more vigilant and aware of the need for different human resources management approach, and not only that but it’s even the time for taking practical actions, since the employee is a stakeholder in the company and the first factor to overcome crises. In this context, the object of our communication is to highlight the practices of the new human resources management approach during the pandemic, and therefore to show how certain Moroccan companies have reacted facing this health crisis in collaboration with the public authorities, in terms of humanresource management and this through a documentary analysis of the qualitative surveys of the HCP in 2019. To do so, in the first hand we are going to present the theoretical context of our subject, then the pandemic impact on certain Moroccan companies (Small & Medium ones) and the actions that have been adopted by the human resources management to face the situation.

Inducing perspective-taking for prosocial behaviour in natural resource management

Natural resource management often involves social dilemmas which other-regarding preferences and pro-social behaviour can help overcome. Interventions that induce resource users to consider a perspective broader than their own may help promote pro-social behaviour. Such interventions are often applied in participatory resource management approaches. To the best of our knowledge, nonetheless, no previous study has isolated and assessed the effect of inducing perspective-taking on natural resource users’ prosocial behaviour. In this study, we do so in the context of watershed management. We conducted a lab-in-the-field experiment with downstream farmers in a Peruvian watershed. In the experiment, participants were induced to imagine the perspective of upstream farmers before deciding on a donation that can help the latter improve their well-being without compromising the water supply downstream. We find that inducing perspective-taking increases unilateral prosocial behaviour. This effect cannot fully be explained by the additional information on the social and ecological characteristics of the watershed received during the perspective-taking experience. Rather the effect of the perspective-taking intervention is likely to work by inducing other-regarding preferences. Our results contribute to the study of pro-social behaviour in natural resource management and the ways in which it could be induced by interventions targeting other-regarding preferences.