Application Of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis Research Articles

X-ray fluorescence analysis of solid-state films, layers, and coatings

This review presents the features of the application of X-ray fluorescence analysis to the study of a chemical composition and thickness of films and surface coatings. Examples of X-ray fluorescence analysis of coating surfaces of simple and complex configurations are presented. The variants of considering the matrix effects and coating thickness for various materials are discussed. The possibilities of methodological techniques using scattered primary X-ray radiation or fluorescence radiation from a substrate on which a film is applied to determine its attenuating characteristics are discussed. The features determination of the chemical composition and coatings thickness and thin films when using the XRF version with total external reflection (TXRF) spectrometers are considered. The examples of performance of conventional XRF analysis are given. The results of a round‐robin test with application of X‐ray fluorescence thickness determination of multilayered samples (Au/Ni/Cu) on a chromium coated quartz glass substrate were presented and discussed.

Book review for “X-Ray Fluorescence in Biological Sciences: Principles, Instrumentation, and Applications”, Eds: V.K. Singh, J. Kawai, D.K. Tripathi. Wiley. 2022, 688 pp. ISBN: 978-1-119-64554-2A

Through the efforts of three editors - V.K. Singh and D.K. Tripathi (India), and J. Kawai (Japan), as well as 79 qualified specialists from 14 countries, “X-ray Fluorescence in Biological Sciences: Principles, Instrumentation and Applications” monograph was prepared and published in March of this year. The book is divided into six parts. Part 1 is a general introduction to RFA (7 chapters). Parts 2 and 3 are relatively new versions of the XRF method using the synchrotron radiation for the excitation of fluorescence (5 chapters) and XRF with total external reflection (4 chapters). Part 4, a beginner's guide, is considered by the editors to be one of the highlights of this book (4 chapters). The main parts of this book are Parts 5 (Application for Biological Samples - 11 chapters) and 6 (Special Topics and Comparison with Other Methods - 8 chapters). The book provides information on advances in the application of X-ray fluorescence analysis that have not been reflected in general monographs published in recent years. Representatives of India prepared 15 chapters, colleagues from Russia – 7, from Mongolia and China – 3 each, Japan, Spain, Turkey and Slovenia – with 2 chapters each, Italy, Argentina, and Bangladesh – 1 each. Representatives of Algeria and Egypt co-authored with colleagues from Turkey, and of South Korea with colleagues from India, respectively. The largest number of participants (authors of chapters) – 29 – was noted for India, 11 – from Russia, and 6 each from China, Turkey, and Slovenia. The monograph will be in demand in the laboratories of universities and research institutes, especially in the laboratories of biological and medical research centers. It will be a useful guide for students of natural and chemical sciences, medical biology, plant physiology, and agriculture.

Application of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Determining the Chemical Composition of the Cultural Layer: Problems and Solutions

Application of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Determining the Chemical Composition of the Cultural Layer: Problems and Solutions

The application of X-ray fluorescence analysis to research the chemical compositions of tea and coffee samples

The application of X-ray fluorescence analysis to research the chemical compositions of tea and coffee samples

X-ray fluorescence – a non-destructive tool in investigation of Czech fine and applied art objects

A brief review of application of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRFA) to fine and applied arts related to Czech cultural heritage is presented. The Department of Dosimetry and Application of Ionising Radiation of CTU-FNSPE has used XRFA in collaboration with various Czech institutions dealing with cultural history for many kinds of artefacts, (e.g., Roman and medieval brass, gemstones and noble metals from the sceptre of one of the faculties of the Charles University in Prague, millefiori beads, etc.). In some cases, a combination of various other techniques alongside XRFA was used for enhancing our knowledge of a measured object.

Application of X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis to Determine the Elemental Composition of Tissues from Different Ovarian Neoplasms

We present the results of x-ray fluorescence analysis of tissues from healthy ovaries and from ovaries with different pathologies: benign and borderline tumors, mucinous and endometrioid cancers, serous carcinomas. We determine the average copper, zinc, calcium, selenium, cadmium, lead, and mercury levels. We observed that in the benign ovarian tumors, we see a significant decrease in the cadmium, mercury, and lead levels compared with healthy tissues. In the borderline neoplasms, the copper level is reduced relative to zinc (Cu/Zn), cadmium, mercury, and lead, and also the zinc concentration is increased. In the ovarian carcinomas, we observed changes in the ratio of the chemical elements in the tumor tissues, depending on the histologic type. The results obtained can be used for differentiation, diagnosis, and adjustment of treatment for different ovarian neoplasms.

Several approaches to the investigation of paintings with the use of portable X-ray fluorescence analysis

Abstract This paper deals with several approaches to the application of X-ray fluorescence analysis and micro-analysis to non-destructive investigations of paintings. The methodology is described and demonstrated on a painting of known structure that was painted with modern artistic tempera paints. There is also a description and a demonstration of three depth profiling techniques that provide information on the depth distribution of elements in the surface layers of a painting. The three techniques utilize (a) the internal X-ray ratios of the elements that are present, (b) X-ray fluorescence analysis with two detectors with different angles of detection of characteristic X-rays, and (c) a technique based on comparing X-ray spectra measured with a tilted sample. The capabilities and demands on instrumentation and interpretation of the results are compared for all these techniques.

Applications of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) to dental and medical specimens

Summary Human tissues contain many kinds of minerals and trace essential elements that act as catalytic or structural components of large biochemical molecules. In addition, various metallic and inorganic materials are used in dental and medical materials and devices. In the dental and medical fields, specimens that are wet and/or have low heat resistance are often requested for elemental analysis. Therefore, a rapid and non-destructive method of elemental analysis is required. X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) provides useful elemental information about specimens without causing specimen damage or requiring extra specimen preparations. In this paper, an outline of the XRF apparatus and applications of XRF to hard and soft dental and medical specimen tissues are presented, and dental materials are reviewed.

沿岸域での土砂堆積・侵食域調査における蛍光X線分析の適用に関する検討

沿岸域での土砂堆積・侵食域調査における蛍光X線分析の適用に関する検討

Applications of X-ray fluorescence analysis of rare earths in China

A review was presented on the applications of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis in Chinese rare earth industry during the last 20 years. The application consisted of the analysis of rare earth elements in ores and soil, concentrates, compounds, metals, alloys, functional materials, fast and online analysis in separation process, and so on. The analytical method was described on pressed powders, fused beads, liquid thin films and solid pieces. The detections of rare earth elements and compounds were concerned in iron and steel, nonferrous metals, petrochemical, geology, biology, electronic materials and other fields.

Application of X-ray fluorescence analysis using synchrotron radiation in botanic studies

X-ray fluorescence analysis based on synchrotron radiation has been employed to determine the elemental composition in bush cinquefoil (Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) O. Schwarz) leaves at different age stages. The ontogenetic states of P. fruticosa are found to differ not only in their morphologic characteristics, but also in biochemical parameters and elemental composition. The content of elements (K, Ca, As, Br, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Ti, V, Zn, and Zr) characterizes each age state of bush cinquefoil and, equally with morphometric parameters, can be used for a more detailed description of the ontogenetic states of plants.

Application of X-ray fluorescence in investigations of Bohemian historical manuscripts

In this work we present the application of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRFA) in an investigation of the Land Register and the Register of the Court of the Kingdom of Bohemia and the manuscript of the Homiliary of the Opatovice Monastery from the 12th century. Radionuclide sources emitting radiation at an appropriate energy level and an X-ray tube were used to excite the characteristic radiation. A spectrometric Si(Li) detector and a Si-PIN detector with Peltier cooling were used to detect the excited characteristic radiation. Several types of pigments were identified and compositions of inks used within almost 5 centuries in the offices at the Prague Castle were determined.

Application of x-ray fluorescence analysis to investigation of the composition of gunshot residues

We have used x-ray fluorescence analysis to study the elemental composition of gunshot residues from smooth-bore and rifled-bore guns. We have established that it is possible to differentiate between types of projectiles (jacketed/lead), types of primers (corrosive/noncorrosive), and types of propellant powders (black/smokeless) by analysis of the elemental composition of the gunshot residues. We have shown that the mercury content in gunshot residues on the surface of the object carrying the residues steadily decreases as storage time increases. Despite this fact, mercury can be preserved as a component of gunshot residues on the object (cotton cloth) under room conditions for more than 45 days.

Application of X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis in Investigations of Historical Monuments

Nuclear techniques and other techniques using ionising radiation represent a valuable tool in non-destructive diagnostics applied to archaeological finds and objects of arts, namely for determining the composition of materials used in the production of artefacts. X-ray fluorescence analysis, both in its energy form and in its wave dispersive form, is one of the most widespread methods using ionising radiation to study the elemental composition of materials. It is frequently used for studies of various cultural and historic relicts and objects of art. This work summarizes the authors’ experience with X-ray fluorescence analysis in investigating historical frescos namely by means of portable provide spectroscopic devices. The results of these measurements information on the composition of the pigments, enable the comparison of processes used in the fabrication of pigments by individual artists, and in many cases offer information on how to repair the damaged parts.

Identification of steel by X-ray fluorescence analysis with a pyroelectric X-ray generator.

An application of X-ray fluorescence analysis with a pyroelectric X-ray generator is presented. Steel standard samples were identified by X-ray fluorescence analysis with this novel X-ray generator to check its capability for performing qualitative and quantitative analysis as an X-ray source for X-ray fluorescence spectrometers. Cr, Ni, V, Co, and W were detected in steel standard samples. V and Cr can be detected even when the content is below 1%. Although it is difficult to detect minor elements because of the low power of the excitation X-rays, it is possible to identify the analyzed samples on the basis of major elements at the percentage level. The pyroelectric X-ray generator is very suitable for portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometers.

Application of X-ray fluorescence analysis with total-reflection (TXRF) in material science

A device was constructed to determine elements of low atomic number by non-destructive TXRF analysis. It consists of a Cr-X-ray tube, an optimized reflection unit, a detector with an extremely thin entrance window, a low noise amplifier, and a sample changer. To minimize the absorption losses, the main parts are placed in a vacuum chamber with a very thin Be window. Using this arrangement it is possible to measure elements down to oxygen from the pg- to the ng-range.

Recent methods and applications of x-ray fluorescence analysis

Recent methods and applications of x-ray fluorescence analysis

Calcium and potassium levels in leaves measured by X-ray fluorescence analysis

An unusual application of X-ray fluorescence analysis is described, i.e. the simultaneous measurement of elements of fairly low consecutive atomic numbers, (potassium and calcium), in a matrix, (leaves), in which they exist as major constituents.

X-ray fluorescence (spectroscopy) as a tool for the analysis of submicrogram quantities of the elements in biological systems

A general discussion of the principles and applications of x-ray fluorescence analysis, also called x-ray emission spectroscopy, is described, especially as it relates to the estimation of certain elements in organic material. A typical assay procedure for hormone iodine from blood serum is described as an example of the application of this technique. The practical value of applying this technique to microgram quantities in a complex mixture for K, Ca, Cl, P, and S, as exemplified by blood serum, is discussed.