Application Of Waste Research Articles

Evaluation of compatibility in bio-oil and zinc oxide modified asphalt to facilitate waste recycling

The promotion of bio-oil (Bo) waste in road asphalt modification has significant potential for application and environmental benefits. The thermal storage stability, rheological properties, and nano-microstructural characteristics of the composite modified asphalt system were investigated. The Cole-Cole diagram effectively evaluated the compatibility of modified asphalt, demonstrating high sensitivity and accuracy. Significant interaction energy was observed between zinc oxide (ZnO) and asphaltene, with asphaltene primarily acting as an electron donor during its interaction with ZnO. The three organic small molecules in Bo primarily interacted with the polar molecules in asphalt through ester groups, exhibiting varied interaction effects with asphaltene. Bo influenced the colloidal structure of asphalt mainly through diffusion and molecular intercalation. When Bo constituted 4% of the composite modified asphalt system, the organic small molecules from Bo fully diffused within the asphalt matrix, inhibiting the stacking of aromatic rings in the asphaltene structure and enhancing the aromatic activity of asphaltene. Bo improved the compatibility between ZnO and asphalt primarily through dilution and balancing effects from the perspective of asphaltene components. The research results can promote the promotion and application of bio-oil waste in asphalt pavement engineering, which is an important measure to practice sustainable development.

Allelopathic Activity of Leaf Wastes of Liriodendron tulipifera for Sustainable Management

Logging operations of Liriodendron tulipifera L., as timber trees, and fallen leaves in autumn from ornamental trees produce a large amount of leaf waste. In this study, the allelopathy of L. tulipifera fresh and fallen leaves was investigated for the development of potential applications of leaf waste. The extracts of fresh and fallen leaves of L. tulipifera showed growth inhibitory activity against weed species, Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C.Gmel., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv., and Lolium multiflorum Lam., under laboratory conditions. The powder of L. tulipifera fresh and fallen leaves also inhibited the germination of E. crus-galli under greenhouse conditions. A potent allelochemical was isolated from fresh and fallen leaf extracts through a bioassay-guided separation process, and was identified as lipiferolide. Lipiferolide inhibited the growth of L. multiflorum and Lepidum sativum in a concentration-dependent manner. This investigation suggests that the leaf waste of L. tulipifera from logging operations and fallen leaves is potentially useful for the purpose of weed control, such as through the use of soil additive materials from leaves or the creation of foliar spray from leaf extracts. The development of weed control materials using L. tulipifera leaf waste may be a means with which to minimize waste, reducing environmental impacts and economic concerns.

The Impact of Waste Application on the Reclamation and Biological Life of Degraded Soils

This work concerns the assessment of soil reclamation and its impact on biological life in areas destroyed by the sulfur industry in Jeziórko. Sulfur extraction using the borehole method causes enormous destruction to the soil environment. Among the many forms of degradation, the most pronounced are the chemical transformations of the environment and the disturbances in water relations in large areas, which could theoretically impact areas not within the direct range of the mining plant. This work aimed to assess the condition of biological life in soil reclaimed with waste in areas devastated by the sulfur industry in Jeziórko. The reclamation of these soils was difficult but necessary due to the complete disappearance of biological life. Appropriate actions were taken to restore and improve the properties of the soil, which resulted in an improvement in their production capacity. Reclamation was carried out, among other techniques, by deacidifying the soil using post-flotation lime and fertilizing the soil with municipal sewage sludge and post-use mineral wool. Studies have shown an improvement in many soil properties, such as its physical, water, chemical, and biological properties. The implemented reclamation methods significantly influenced, among other things, the density and water properties of the degraded soil. The soil reclaimed with mineral wool and sewage sludge recorded the highest density and water capacity. Applying mineral wool to the degraded soil influenced the changes in the analyzed physical and water properties. The obtained research results also show the beneficial effect of mineral wool and sewage sludge on the increase in organic carbon content. In the soil treated with these substances, the organic carbon content ranged from 13.60 g·kg−1 to 14.30 g·kg−1. It is shown that reclamation has had a considerable impact on and is essential for biological life in Jeziórko.

Integrated Impact of Olive Mill Wastes and Semi-Circular Bunds on Soil Properties and Rainwater Harvesting Efficiency in Egypt’s Northwestern Coastal Zone

ABSTRACT The productivity of olive in the northwestern coastal zone of Egypt is significantly constrained by drought and low organic matter in the soil. This study addresses these challenges by exploring the synergistic effects of olive mill wastes (OMW) application and micro-catchment water harvesting techniques on soil properties, runoff, moisture storage, and rainwater harvesting efficiency. Field experiments were conducted over two winter seasons, employing different micro-catchment structures (semi-circular and triangular bunds) and OMW applications. The results revealed that the integration of semi-circular bunds with OMW application (T4) substantially increased rainwater harvesting efficiency by 67.7% and 46.4% in the first and second seasons, respectively. Additionally, T4 and T5 exhibited reduced runoff by 47.8% and 41.3% in the first season and 49.4% and 38.9% in the second season, respectively. T4 significantly enhanced soil organic matter, soil macronutrients (N, P, and K), and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu) compared to the control (T1). The study highlights the effectiveness of T4 in improving soil moisture, reducing soil erosion, and enhancing soil fertility. This integrated approach involving OMW application within a semi-circular bund as a water harvesting system proves to be a promising strategy for sustainable olive cultivation in arid conditions.

Applicability of Paper and Pulp Industry Waste for Manufacturing Mycelium-Based Materials for Thermoacoustic Insulation

Applicability of Paper and Pulp Industry Waste for Manufacturing Mycelium-Based Materials for Thermoacoustic Insulation

Study on impact resistance performance of MSWIFA-based low-carbon fiber-reinforced concrete

The accumulation of carbide slag (CS), red mud (RM), and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) has led to significant environmental pollution issues, necessitating urgent resource utilization. Building upon the previously developed CS-MSWIFA synergistic activation RM-slag cementitious system, this study aims to further incorporate iron tailings sand and polypropylene fibers to prepare fiber-reinforced concrete. The systematic investigation focuses on the influence of cementitious material types, aggregate types, fiber shapes, lengths, and dosages on the impact resistance of concrete. Furthermore, an impact damage evolution equation and life prediction model were developed based on the two-parameter Weibull distribution. Results indicate that the type of cementitious material and aggregate has minimal influence on the impact resistance of concrete, while the addition of fibers significantly enhances its impact resistance, shifting the failure mode from brittle to ductile. Mesh polypropylene fibers with a length of 12 mm and a volume dosage of 1.0 % demonstrate excellent impact resistance, with initial and final crack numbers reaching 78 and 105, respectively. This represents an increase of 136.4 % and 200.0 % compared to the control concrete without fibers. The findings of this study offer new avenues for the resource utilization of solid waste and provide theoretical foundations and technical support for the potential application of solid waste based fiber-reinforced concrete in structural engineering.

Effect of microwave and ultrasonic pre-treatments on anaerobic co-digestion of orange wastes and municipal sewage sludge: A case study

The application of orange wastes (OW) in anaerobic digestion process still constitutes a technological challenge. One of the possibilities to overcome this issue is application of pre-treatment strategy. In this study, the effect of microwave (MW) and ultrasonic (US) pre-treatments on OW and sewage sludge (SS) co-digestion was examined. Firstly, the selection of optimal pre-treatment conditions in terms of solubilisation and generation of inhibitors (phenol and limonene contents) was conducted. For MW, irradiation time of 10 min and specific energy input of 28 089 kJ/kgTS were chosen as optimal. For US pre-treatment, specific energy input of 8914 kJ/kgTS and time of 20 min were adopted. Then, the mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion in batch mode was performed. However, neither of the two proposed pre-treatments had a significant impact on methane production, as compared to the untreated sample.

Corncob-Derived Activated Carbon as Electrode Material for High-Performance Supercapacitor.

In this study, corncob was explored as a low-cost and abundant precursor for the preparation of activated carbon via carbonization and the KOH activation method. The alkaline/biochar ratios varied from 3:1 to 5:1, and the activation temperatures ranged from 700 to 900 °C. The characterized results reveal that the alkaline/biochar ratios and activation temperatures had a remarkable influence on the morphology and microstructure of as-prepared activated carbon (CACT-R). The CACT-R presented a porous structure with a large number of micropores and a small number of mesopores. The reasonable distribution of micropores and mesopores endows the ideal structure for ion transfer and charge storage. The optimal sample CAC700-4 exhibited the best capacitive performance with a specific capacitance of 260 F/g at 1 A/g. Moreover, the assembled CAC700-4//CAC700-4 symmetric supercapacitor showed a high energy density of 14.3 Wh/kg at a power density of 250 W/kg in 6 M KOH electrolyte. It also has a capacitance retention of 95.5% after 10,000 cycles, indicating its excellent cycle stability. These results indicate that corncob-derived activated carbon provides the possible application of biomass waste in high-performance supercapacitors.

APLIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK AMPAS TEH DAN KOTORAN AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.)

The study aimed to determine the effect of the application of organic matter tea waste and chicken manure on the growth and yield of cayenne pepper plants. The research was carried out from March to May 2024 at Lontar Baru, Kec. Serang-Banten. This study used a Randomized Group Design (RGD) with 2 levels and 3 replications. The first factor was organic matter tea waste with doses of 0 t/ha (equivalent to 0 g/polybag), 2 t/ha (equivalent to 19 g/polybag), 4 t/ha (equivalent to 39 g/polybag), and 6 t/ha (equivalent to 58 g/polybag), while the second factor was organic matter chicken manure with doses of 0 t/ha (equivalent to 0 g/polybag), 8 t/ha (equivalent to 77 g/polybag), and 12 t/ha (equivalent to 115 g/polybag). The results showed that the treatment of tea waste gave the best results in the parameters of the fruit number per plant and the fruit weight per plant. The treatment of chicken manure gave the best results in the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, time of the first flower, fruit number per plant, and fruit weight per plant. There was an interaction between the treatment of organic matter tea waste and chicken manure in the parameters of the fruit number per plant. The treatment of tea waste at 6 t/ha (58 g/polybag) gave the best results in the generative phase of cayenne pepper plants. The treatment of chicken manure at 12 t/ha (115 g/polybag) gave the best results in the growth and yield of cayenne pepper plants.

Characterization of ultrasonic-assisted antifungal film loaded with fermented walnut meal on Rosa roxburghii Tratt during near-freezing temperature storage.

Fermented walnut meal (FW) has antifungal activity against Penicillium victoriae, a fungus responsible for Rosa roxbughii Tratt spoilage. This study characterized and applied ultrasonic-assisted antifungal film loaded with FW to preserve R. roxbughii Tratt during near-freezing temperature (NFT). Results showed that O2 and CO2 transmission rates decreased by 80.02% and 29.05%, respectively, and antimicrobial properties were improved with ultrasound at 560W for 5min and 1% FW. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results revealed ultrasound improved hydrogen bonds and inductive effect via ─NH, ─OH, and C═O bonds. The addition of FW led to the formation of CMCS-GL-FW polymer via C═O bond. Thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscope results demonstrated thermal degradation process was decomposed by ultrasound, and the internal structure of P. victoriae was accelerated by the addition of FW. Compared to the U-CMCS/GL group, the vitamin C content, peroxidase, and catalase activities of U-CMCS/GL/FW were enhanced by 4.24%, 8.52%, and 14.3% during NFT (-0.8 to -0.4°C), respectively. Particularly, the fungal count of the U-CMCS/GL/FW group did not exceed 105 CFU g-1 at the end of storage, and the relative abundance of P. victoriae decreased to 0.007%. Our findings provide an effective route for agricultural waste as natural antifungal compounds in the active packaging industry. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, the barrier and antimicrobial properties of film were successfully improved by ultrasonic treatment and loaded fermented walnut meal. The ultrasonic-assisted antifungal film loaded with fermented walnut meal effectively delayed the degradation of nutrients and reduced microbial invasion of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. These results provide a theoretical basis for the application of agricultural waste in the food packaging industry.

Computer aided flow investigation of liquid agricultural wastes

Liquid agricultural wastes serve as important fertilizers in modern agriculture but pose environmental and health risks due to high nitrogen compound content. To prevent soil and groundwater contamination, ammonia separation is required before waste application on fields. Conventional separation by stripping is difficult because of column clogging by solid waste loads. This work investigates, both experimentally and numerically, the flow behaviour of liquid agricultural waste to support the development of innovative separators based on inclined plates. The measurements were carried out in a newly developed experimental setup consisting of a liquid distributor over a plate with variable inclination angles. The influence of volumetric flow rate and inclination angles on the flow topology and liquid detachment from the edge of the plate was studied. While the impact of the flow rate was significant, no influence of the plate inclination angle could be observed. A CFD model was developed to support experimental work. Its validation with experimental data was successful, yet with some systematic deviation due to the model simplifications. The developed experimental setup and CFD model offer optimization potential for separation column internals designed for liquid agricultural wastes, with experiments providing higher accuracy and simulations offering flexibility.

Recycling of magnesium oxychloride cement: Application of crushed MOC waste as a filler in the next-generation MOC composites

This study deals with magnesium oxychloride- (MOC-) based construction composites in which, a filler formed from end-of-life MOC-based composite recyclate is used as a partial or full replacement of standard quartz sand filler. The developed composites pose as a highly environmentally sustainable alternative to Portland cement (PC), which has dominated the global construction sector, largely due to its unique properties and adaptability to various conditions. As the PC industry is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, it is ultimately necessary to find a suitable alternative. In our study, we demonstrated that the proposed composite, even with a very high content of the MOC-based recyclate performs well concerning its mechanical parameters evidenced by compressive strength exceeding 64 MPa. The developed composites also yield a low water absorption of about 3.3 wt% and even when exposed to the harsh environment of 95 % RH for 7 days, their softening coefficient reaches values higher than 85 %. The acquired material parameters of the prepared composites make them suitable for application in the production of construction materials with high mechanical strength and acceptable resistance to the action of moisture. The approach which was taken, where MOC-based construction waste can be fully reutilized in the next generation of MOC composites as a filler represents a very promising route for the development of waste-free and CO2-neutral technology.

Diffusion of innovative soil management practices for sustainable vegetable farming

Vegetable farmers in Sokoto state, Nigeria are disadvantaged by problem soils that are generally low in nutrient content, leading to below optimum output. As a result, this research was undertaken to disseminate innovative soil management practices through participatory on-farm trials using household waste compost, vermicompost, and biochar as treatments toward ensuring sustainable vegetable farming. The research covered a sequence of 3 main activities; including baseline survey through focus group discussion (FGD), pre and post project soil sample analyses (0-15cm and 15-30cm depths) and trials, and dissemination of findings via result demonstration, respectively. Findings from the baseline revealed that, the vegetable farmers were vulnerable and never had contact with an extension worker, living below $50/month and confronted by dwindling vegetable output due to acidity and low nutrient content of the soil. Amaranth, cabbage, lettuce, tomatoes, peppers, onions, and carrot were the mainly cultivated vegetables by the farmers. Soil management practices in the research sites were occasional application of inorganic fertilizers and traditional application of municipal waste, crop residue and refuse, which was due to inadequate knowledge on sustainable management practices of the soil. Application of organic amendments including household waste compost, vermicompost, and biochar caused tremendous variation in post-project soil properties (EC, K, Na, Ca, Mg, CEC, N, OC and P). Similarly, yield and benefit cost ratio of the trial crop (amaranth) significantly improved due to the amendments. Hence, application of organic soil amendments especially household waste and biochar would be worthwhile for sustainability of vegetable farming in Sokoto state, Nigeria.

Obtaining phenolic-rich extracts from tree nut shells biomass by room temperature green extraction: Molecular insights and attribution analysis

The recycling of tree nut shells biomass (TNSB), a million-tons level inedible food waste, toward food and drug applications should be one of the most promising valorization pathways. However, therein biggest opportunity and challenge is to fully dig for treasure such as its own high-value biomacromolecules and natural active ingredients. This study completed a food and drug grade extraction by using five TNSB sample (i.e., walnut shell, hazelnut shell, macadamia shell, pin nut shell, and pistachio shell), two green solvents (water and ethanol), and cleaner room temperature green extraction (RTGE) technology; and revealed the molecular basis of the raw materials and their extracts through systematic and in-depth molecular analysis. The results showed that TNSB have extremely high lignin content, and their extracts (whether water or ethanol) are rich in phenolic compounds, which results in the latters having extremely strong antioxidant activities (comparable to vitamin C) and α-amylase inhibitory activities (comparable to acarbose). More specifically, walnut shell has the highest ever lignin content of 57% in all reported biomass. The water extract of walnut shell has more excellent properties, such as 147.65 mg/g of total reducing sugars (TRS), 60.49% of total phenolic content (TPC), 0.24 mg/mL of IC50, DPPH, 0.08 mg/mL of IC50, ABTS, and 13.44% of α-amylase inhibitory activity. Further molecular information shows that these reducing sugars are glucose, fructose, arabinose and fucose, and these phenolic compounds include phenol, vanillin, vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, gentisic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, epicatechin, caffeic acid, and (trans)catechin. These results demonstrate fully that TNSB will become the preferred feedstock species for lignin-first biorefinery in the future, and walnut shell is undoubtedly the best one. Furthermore, TNSB-based RTGE extracts have the potential to be developed into natural antioxidants, preservatives, diabetes-therapeutic pharmaceutical preparations, nutraceutical and functional foods. In addition, we also used XLSTAT software to conduct a systematic attribution analysis, namely, principal component analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), revealing the inner relationship between the multifactors including TRS, TPC, DPPH, ABTS and α-amylase inhibitory activity among TNSB species.

Carbon Nanosheet Preparation By Low-Temperature Two-Step Carbonization: A Study of Their Properties and Mechanism of Adsorption of Oxidized H2S.

Straw, as a kind of biomass waste, has the advantages of low cost and abundant storage, which makes it a promising renewable resource. Using rice straw as a carbon source, carbon nanosheets were prepared by a two-step carbonization method combining low-temperature pyrolysis and low-temperature hydrothermal, and they were used as H2S removal agents. The results showed that during the two-step carbonization process, the adsorption performance of carbon nanosheets for H2S showed a tendency of enhancing and then weakening with the increase of pyrolysis temperature in the first step, and the sulfur capacity could reach 3.1 mg/g at the maximum of the pyrolysis temperature of 200 °C, which was superior to or close to that of the modified or activated carbon. The XPS, EPR, and CO2-TPD tests showed that the surface of carbon nanosheets was alkaline, containing a large number of hydroxyl groups and the presence of phenoxy persistent free radicals or semiquinone persistent free radicals. It was analyzed that the direct or indirect oxidation of H2S by the persistent radicals under an alkaline environment could convert the -2-valent sulfur into -1-, 0- and +6-valent sulfur to realize the adsorption and removal of H2S. This work, while offering the possibility of utilizing carbon nanosheets made from straw as a material for H2S adsorption and removal, also expands the application of straw waste in exhaust gas treatment.

Application of Mill Scale Waste for Geoecological Protection of Aquatic Medium

The potential for use of mill scale (metallurgical production waste) as an affordable sorption-filtration material for aqueous medium protection from phosphates and heavy metals is considered. The results of X-ray phase studies of mill scale prototypes, as well as extraction of dissolved components from them into bidistilled water at long-term contact, which revealed insignificant emission of harmful substances indicating safety of the mill scale application as a sorbent, are given. It is proposed to use industrial cartridges (filter cartridges) loaded from rolled scale to purify large volumes of surface wastewater in real conditions.

Impacts of Compost Amendment Type and Application Frequency on a Fire-Impacted Grassland Ecosystem

Composting organic matter can lower the global warming potential of food and agricultural waste and provide a nutrient-rich soil amendment. Compost applications generally increase net primary production (NPP) and soil water-holding capacity and may stimulate soil carbon (C) sequestration. Questions remain regarding the effects of compost nitrogen (N) concentrations and application rates on soil C and greenhouse gas dynamics. In this study, we explored the effects of compost with different initial N quality (food waste versus green waste compost) on soil greenhouse gas fluxes, aboveground biomass, and soil C and N pools in a fire-impacted annual grassland ecosystem. Composts were applied annually once, twice, or three times prior to the onset of the winter rainy season. A low-intensity fire event after the first growing season also allowed us to explore how compost-amended grasslands respond to burning events, which are expected to increase with climate change. After four growing seasons, all compost treatments significantly increased soil C pools from 9.5 ± 0.9 to 30.2 ± 0.7 Mg C ha−1 (0–40 cm) and 19.5 ± 0.9 to 40.1 ± 0.7 Mg C ha−1 (0–40 cm) relative to burned and unburned controls, respectively. Gains exceeded the compost-C applied, representing newly fixed C. The higher N food waste compost treatments yielded more cumulative soil C (5.2–10.9 Mg C ha−1) and aboveground biomass (0.19–0.66 Mg C ha−1) than the lower N green waste compost treatments, suggesting greater N inputs further increased soil stocks. The three-time green waste application increased soil C and N stocks relative to a single application of either compost. There was minimal impact on net ecosystem greenhouse gas emissions. Aboveground biomass accumulation was higher in all compost treatments relative to controls, likely due to increased water-holding capacity and N availability. Results show that higher N compost resulted in larger C gains with little offset from greenhouse gas emissions and that compost amendments may help mediate effects of low-intensity fire by increasing fertility and water-holding capacity.

Application of Nata de Coco and Shrimp Skin Waste as a Material for Production Biodegradable Plastic – Mini Review

Application of Nata de Coco and Shrimp Skin Waste as a Material for Production Biodegradable Plastic – Mini Review

Fibre-reinforced geopolymer (FRG) cemented aeolian sand flexural properties and microproduct evolutionary processes

To reveal the flexural behaviour and microproduct evolution mechanism of FRG cemented aeolian sand, four factors, namely, sodium hydroxide dosage, water-solid ratio, fibre dosage, and fibre length, were classified into mutually independent levels and combined to form a set of test matrices for the design of orthogonal tests. Using DIC digital scattering technology to analyze the evolutionary process of specimen ring-breaking and employing scanning electron microscopy to explore the polymerization product micro-morphology, evolutionary process, pore defects, and analyze the fiber endowment morphology and the destruction mode; the use of EDS spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier IR spectroscopy, and other technical means to analyze the polymerization product chemical composition, elemental distribution, and evolutionary characteristics. The results of the study show that the 28-day flexural performance of FRG cemented wind-blown sand as a filling material is significantly affected by various factors in the following order of magnitude: sodium hydroxide dosage > water-solid ratio > fibre dosage > fibre length. The optimal combination from the local test is: sodium hydroxide dosage of 1.4 %, the water-solid ratio of 0.32, the fibre dosage of 0.5 %, and the fibre length of 12 mm. With the increase in load, the value of the displacement field increases continuously, indicating a greater degree of specimen damage. As the reaction proceeds, the polymerization product's morphology evolves from rod-like to flaky, ultimately stabilizing into a network structure. The main elements in the product include C, O, Si, Al, and Ca, indicating that the polymerization product is a C-(A)-S-H gel. A reasonable distribution of discrete ductile fibers can play a positive role inside the specimen, acting as a bridge. The damage behavior under bridging can be divided into fiber debonding, producing slippage behavior, and fiber damage, leading to fracture behavior. The results of the study provide a scientific basis for the design, preparation, and application of solid waste filling materials, thereby promoting the development of materials science and engineering.

Upcycling of waste photovoltaic silicon: Co-MOF derived coating layer enhanced lithium storage

Large amounts of silicon waste (W-Si) powders or ingots from the photovoltaic (PV) industry can be recycled as the improved raw negative electrode material in Lithium-ion batteries. Herein, Co-MOFs (ZIF-67) is produced in the form of small particles which turns into the uniform coating layer on the surface of micro-sized W-Si by solvent evaporation, and then ZIF-67 is carbonized to form nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) layer and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Finally, W-Si/NC/Co/CNTs composites are formed. The continuous and uniform NC layer and CNTs formed by the catalyzation of Co on the surface of the silicon particles can inhibit the volume expansion of silicon during the charge and discharge process, showing the reversible discharge capacity of 1039 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. The rate performance is also improved due to the high conductivity composite structure. This work can provide a choice for the composite of MOF and micro-silicon, and the meaning guidance for the application of silicon waste from PV industry.