Application Of CAS Research Articles

P.071: Application of Hisense CAS to assess donor liver volume for living donor and split liver transplantation.

P.071: Application of Hisense CAS to assess donor liver volume for living donor and split liver transplantation.

Increasing the Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain through the Use of Innovative Fertilizers and Agricultural Machinery

Introduction. The article deals with the study of optimizing the process of using liquid nitrogen mineral fertilizers based on a carbamide-ammonia mixture, both in the serial form of CAS-32 and in the innovative CAS+S (with the addition of a mesoelement-sulfur-S), as a top dressing for winter wheat during tillering in spring. The dressing process was carried out superficially on crops with a serial rod sprayer Tuman-2 with large-drop nozzles and an innovative multi-injector unit Tuman-2M. Aim of the Article. The article aims at justifying rational technologies with the main components of the effective application of CAS on the main types of crops. Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, there were used a common methodology of field experience, OST and GOST standards for testing machines for fertilization. Liquid nitrogen mineral fertilizers CAS-32 and CAS+S produced by PJSC Kuibyshev- Azot and taken as objects of research were introduced by sprayers Tuman-2 and Tuman- 2M manufactured by the company Pegas-Agro LLC. Results. The field comparative tests of innovative technologies for the use of CAS conducted by Samara State Agrarian University showed an increase in the yield of the winter wheat variety Basis to 59.9% compared with the option of dressing crops with ammonium nitrate. In addition, the use of CAS+S increases the class of wheat in protein from class III to class I, in gluten from class III to class II. Discussion and Conclusion. In general, liquid mineral fertilizers of CAS have an advantage over ammonium nitrate, especially in dry years that is very topical in the conditions of predicted global warming. The results obtained are of great importance for the wider introduction of this innovative technology in the agro-industrial complex.

Ефективність застосування технології внесення добрив Культан

The goal of researchis todetermine the efficiency of application of urea-ammonia mixture (UAM) on winter wheat in the steppe zone with injection feeder using Cultan technology compared to the use of traditional spraying technology. Research methods: experimental-field, computational, statistical. Results. To assess the yield of winter wheat, experiments were set up in three plots. In the first plotUAMwas applied with MaxiMarinIP 1230 injection feeder. In the second plotUAMwas applied with a mounted beam sprayer. In the third plotUAMwas not applied. The yield was harvested on each plot separately. An objective assessment can be made taking into account such indicators as quantity (c / ha) and grain quality. The cost of grown grain of winter wheat with the introduction of UAMby spraying was 27560 UAH, of which the cost of UAM, taking into account the cost of processing the site - 520 UAH. The cost of grown winter wheat grain with the introduction of UAMby injection feeder MaxiMarinIP 1230 using Cultan technology was UAH 23,850, of which the cost of UAM, taking into account the cost of processing the site - UAH 520. Therefore, we found that the application of UAMby injection feeder MaxiMarin IP 1230 using Cultan technology is more effective than the application by spraying. The percentage was 15.5%. Conclusions. The use of Cultan fertilizer application technology with the use of MaxiMarinIP injection feeder increases the efficiency of winter wheat yield by 15.5%. Among the advantages are the following: - high efficiency of application in any climatic zones; - uniform application and accurate dosing of the area distribution; - fast penetration into the soil without the need for wrapping; - duration of action and quality of food; - there is no risk of burns to the leaves of plants; - disclosure of the full potential of the plant; - cost optimization and higher profitability; - there is no need to plan the application of CAS and other fertilizers depending on weather conditions, as the application is directly into the soil. Due to the active development of Cultan technology in the world and the significant demand for it from consumers, including domestic ones, it is advisable to conduct further research to study its impact on the efficiency of growing other crops.

Дослідження ефективності застосування аплікатора DRAGON 6000 для внесення рідких добрив КАС у ресурсоощадних технологіях

The purpose of research. Analysis of the advantages and determination of the efficiency of machines for subsoil application of liquid nitrogen fertilizers in resource-saving technologies by evaluating the quality of the DRAGON 6000 applicator. Research methods: theoretical (analysis and synthesis of information resources); experimental field; statistical (mathematical processing of research results) according to generally accepted methods. Results. Experimental studies of the influence of the speed modes of the injector wheel of the DRAGON 6000 applicator for application of liquid nitrogen fertilizers CAS on the quality of the technological process were carried out. It is established that during radical fertilization with liquid fertilizers of corn crops with a row spacing of 70 cm the unit is able to provide a daily yield of 120 hectares in 16-row performance and projected 180 ha - in 24-row, provided proper organization of work and staff training. It is noted that in the conditions of growth of prices for mineral fertilizers and climate change introduction of ecological approaches and resource-saving technology of entering CAS on the basis of the DRAGON 6000 applicator is an urgent task which will allow to compete successfully in the world market. Conclusions. Analytical review of domestic and foreign information resources confirms that the technology of subsoil application of liquid mineral fertilizers, in particular urea-ammonia mixtures (CAS), compared with the application of dry and other liquid fertilizers, is becoming more widespread due to better efficiency, which is a derivative of plant nutrition, rational positioning of fertilizers at the required depth, minimization of evaporation losses, improved drought resistance in the cultivation of crops, and also has significant benefits by reducing losses of active substance, ease of adjustment and management of the work process. Studies have confirmed the possibility of providing the presented design of the machine a constant depth of penetration of needles into the soil with a wide range of humidity and different speeds, as well as the ability to choose rational protection zone for cultivation of corn plants without damage to achieve acceptable efficiency of liquid fertilizers. LLC "ROPA-UKRAINE" presents to the market to consumers the applicator of the Ukrainian production DRAGON 6000 which passed production check on the area of 500 hectares during continuous entering of liquid fertilizers of CAS on vegetative plants of wheat and in the course of interrow (radical) entering of CAS on corn crops. 1100 hectares. With a change of speed in the range (5… 10) km / h, in difficult conditions of work at excess soil moisture, the DRAGON 6000 applicator stably provides depth of entering into soil of needles 6 cm long on depth of 4,9 cm in a protective zone on distance 5 cm from the stems. Under these conditions, the fixation of fertilizers is high quality, and damage to plants is not observed. According to the results of experimental research, the applicator guarantees high indicators of technological reliability and quality of the technological process, has good transport characteristics and lateral stability when driving on field roads.

Broadband NIR photostimulated luminescence nanoprobes based on CaS:Eu2+,Sm3+ nanocrystals.

Near-infrared (NIR) photostimulated luminescence (PSL) nanocrystals (NCs) have recently evoked considerable interest in the field of biomedicine, but are currently limited by the controlled synthesis of efficient PSL NCs. Herein, we report for the first time the controlled synthesis of CaS:Eu2+,Sm3+ NIR PSL NCs through a high-temperature co-precipitation method. The role of Sm3+ co-doping and the effect of thermal annealing on the optical properties of the NCs as well as the charging and discharging processes, the trap depth distribution, and the underlying PSL mechanism are comprehensively surveyed by means of photoluminescence, persistent luminescence, thermoluminescence, and PSL spectroscopies. The as-prepared NCs exhibit intense PSL of Eu2+ at 650 nm with a fast response to stimulation in a broad NIR region from 800 nm to 1600 nm, a duration time longer than 2 h, and an extremely low power density threshold down to 10 mW cm-2 at 980 nm. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the intense NIR PSL, we demonstrate the application of CaS:Eu2+,Sm3+ NCs as sensitive luminescent nanoprobes for biotin receptor-targeted cancer cell imaging. These results reveal the great promise of CaS:Eu2+,Sm3+ nanoprobes for autofluorescence-free bioimaging, and also lay the foundation for future design of efficient NIR PSL nanoprobes towards versatile bioapplications.

Applications of CAS in the Teaching and Learning of Discrete Mathematics

In this paper our experience in application of CAS Maple for modelling and solving counting problems as well as for solving recurrence equations is represented. Some procedures for calculating combinations with repetition and variations with repetition in case of authorized number on appearance of elements are given. The result is a list of the allowed number of appearances of the element in the polynomial involved in the generating function. Some conclusions have been visualized. The represented approaches correspond to the Curriculum of the Bachelor Degree Program in Applied Mathematics and Informatics at TU-Sofia and are based on methodological principles and the educational tradition in our country.

Does Market Welcome the International Convergence of Fair Value Standard in China?

This paper studies the international convergence of fair value measurement standard and examines market reactions towards the emergence of the standard in China. Through comparing the fair value measurement standard between IFRS 13 and newest Chinese accounting standard CAS 39, we find that CAS 39 is on the way of international convergence towards IFRS 13. Through examining market reactions to CAS 39, we find that market has significantly positive reactions to the draft version exposure, official announcement, and enforcement of CAS 39. Moreover, we find that investors have different attitudes to the applications of CAS 39 in financial and non-financial industries. Investors consistently support CAS 39 in non-financial industries. However, in financial industries, investors react positively in the draft version exposure of CAS 39, but negatively in the official announcement and enforcement of CAS 39. We believe that investors worry about the application of CAS 39 in Chinese financial industries.

Calcium polysulphide, its applications and emerging risk of environmental pollution-a review article.

Easy availability, preparation technique, and economic value make calcium polysulphide (CaS x ) a very useful inorganic chemical for various field and industrial applications. In this article, disparate applications of CaS x solution have been reviewed to suggest potential and future consolidation. This article also encompasses the physiochemical properties and production of CaS x solution, with critical appraisal on research focusing on CaS x application in agriculture industries and removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from the environment. The kinetics of CaS x , technical issues associated with optimization of its dosage and environmental fate is also discussed in detail. This study covers almost all of the peer-reviewed research that has been performed since 1914. Some of the critiques in this article include the lack of integration between the exposure effect and the efficiency of treatment method, effects of oxidizing environments on the long-term performance of CaS x solution, and kinetics of CaS x solution with the PTEs. The working model of CaS x with PTEs is still system dependent, and therefore cannot be used with other applications. The kinetics of CaS x is described in detail with various phase stoichiometric reactions. Environmental fate is discussed based on applications, government reports, peer-reviewed articles and kinetics of CaS x , which provides a clear picture of emerging contaminants in the environment in relation to the insect resistance and ecotoxicology. Real time, lab based research articles are needed to identify toxicity limits of CaS x in environment in order to describe its effective permissible limit in environmental system. This review article provides a risk assessment of environmental pollution by CaS x based on its physicochemical characteristic, stoichiometry, kinetics, field, and industrial applications.

Disaster resilience and complex adaptive systems theory

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the emergence of resilience into the contemporary discourse of disaster risk. As a counter position to the current status quo in defining and addressing resilience, this paper introduces the theoretical lens of complex adaptive systems theory (CAS). Some of the key characterisitcs related to CAS are discussed and linkages are made to possible benefit that they might have in enhancing the understanding of disaster resilience.Design/methodology/approach– An indepth review of literature pertaining to disaster resilience and CAS was conducted to find common grounds for theoretical synergies.Findings– The inherent similarities between the concept of resilience and CAS provides ample practical and theoretical contributions to the field of disaster risk studies.Originality/value– The paper provides a different perspective to the contemporary discourse on disaster resilience. A better understanding of disaster resilience and its underlying dynamics as illuminated by the application of CAS could in future provide an effective tool to manage disaster risks and building of resilience.

Effect of some protein hydrolysates against gray mould of table and wine grapes

The efficacy of eight protein hydrolysates (PHs) of different origins, i.e., soybean (SoyA and SoyB), lupin (LupF and LupP), pea (Pea), yeast (Yeast), casein (Cas), and malt (Cer), in controlling gray mould of grapes, caused by Botrytis cinerea, was evaluated. In in vitro trials, the different PHs did not affect pathogen growth. Whereas, in in vivo trials, wound applications of SoyA, SoyB, LupP, and Cas showed significant effect in reducing rots on table grapes. SoyA and Cas were further tested at different concentrations against B. cinerea. A dose effect was observed, with the best activity recorded at 0.8 g/l, reducing gray mould of 67 and 54 % by SoyA and Cas, respectively. To simulate a commercial application, the experiment was repeated under natural infections, applying PHs at different doses by spray on detached berries. All doses induced a significant reduction of rots, and in general, there were no significant differences among the doses ≤6.4 g/l. Finally, the two hydrolysates were tested on wine grapes cv. Corvina. When applied in the field during growth phase until veraison, SoyA and Cas significantly reduced gray mould incidence by 65 and 92 %, as compared to water control, respectively. Whereas, a combination of pre- and postharvest application of SoyA and Cas reduced storage rots by 56 and 40 %, respectively. Overall SoyA proved to be the best treatment. Although the obtained results need further confirmation, they support the role of Cas and particularly SoyA as safe and effective alternative to traditional fungicides against gray mould of grapes, to be applied in the field and/or during postharvest phase.

Soybean and casein hydrolysates induce grapevine immune responses and resistance against Plasmopara viticola.

Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, is one of the most devastating grape pathogen in Europe and North America. Although phytochemicals are used to control pathogen infections, the appearance of resistant strains and the concern for possible adverse effects on environment and human health are increasing the search for alternative strategies. In the present investigation, we successfully tested two protein hydrolysates from soybean (soy) and casein (cas) to trigger grapevine resistance against P. viticola. On Vitis vinifera cv. Marselan plants, the application of soy and cas reduced the infected leaf surface by 76 and 63%, as compared to the control, respectively. Since both hydrolysates might trigger the plant immunity, we investigated their ability to elicit grapevine defense responses. On grapevine cell suspensions, a different free cytosolic calcium signature was recorded for each hydrolysate, whereas a similar transient phosphorylation of two MAP kinases of 45 and 49 kDa was observed. These signaling events were followed by transcriptome reprogramming, including the up-regulation of defense genes encoding pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and the stilbene synthase enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of resveratrol, the main grapevine phytoalexin. Liquid chromatography analyses confirmed the production of resveratrol and its dimer metabolites, δ- and ε-viniferins. Overall, soy effects were more pronounced as compared to the cas ones. Both hydrolysates proved to act as elicitors to enhance grapevine immunity against pathogen attack.

The Application of Computer Aided Technology in the Sport Training (CAS)

The aim of athletics is "higher, faster, and stronger". The athletes improve their speed and strength by challenge themselves all the time. Scientific training method is an effective way to improve athlete's level, besides hard training. CAS is such a scientific training method that will improve athlete's training level when it is applied in athletics training. This article makes a summary of athletics training on the basis of CAS, combining my study, and at the end it mainly deals with the furor of the application of CAS in athletics training.

Bioassay of steroid hormone agonist and antagonist activities of anti-androgens on mammary gland, seminal vesicles and spleen of male mice.

Young intact and adult castrated outbred C3H/Di male mice were used to characterize steroid hormone agonist and antagonist activities of anti-androgens by bioassay. Animals were injected subcutaneously with flutamide (Flut), chlormadinone acetate (CMA), cyproterone acetate (CA) or Casodex (Cas) alone or simultaneously with oestradiol (E), E plus progesterone (Prog) or norethindrone acetate (NA; a steroid exhibiting progestational and oestrogenic activities) and testosterone (T) for 15 days. Mammary gland growth was not affected with anti-androgen alone. However, all anti-androgens decreased seminal vesicle weights in intact males. In E (0.01 microg day(-1))-treated intact males, mammary growth was stimulated by CMA (progestational activity) and inhibited by CA. The inhibitory effect of CA on mammary growth (glucocorticoid activity) was overcome with high dose of E (0.1 microg day(-1)). When seminal vesicles weights were decreased with a moderate dose of E (0.01 microg day(-1)) anti-androgens injected simultaneously acted synergistically with E and decreased seminal vesicles weights more than E alone. However, in animals overloaded with E (0.1 microg day(-1)), anti-androgen CA was unable to decrease seminal vesicles weights. E (0.01 or 0.05 microg day(-1)) or E + Prog (500 or 1000 microg day(-1)) or NA (12.5 to 50 microg day(-1)) stimulated mammary growth was inhibited by T at doses 20-200 microg day(-1) and these effects were decreased or abolished by simultaneous application of Flut, CMA or Cas in both young intact and adult castrated males. In the same animals, the seminal vesicles weights were increased by T and decreased by anti-androgens. The effects of higher doses of T (300 microg day(-1)) were not inhibited by anti-androgens both in the mammary gland and seminal vesicles. Spleen weights were not consistently affected with Flut, CMA or Cas, but decreased with CA by dose dependent manner. These results demonstrated that anti-androgenic activities could be detected not only on seminal vesicle but also on the mammary gland. Our model system also detected a glucocorticoid activity of CA and progestational activity of CMA.

Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting

The relative indications for CAS versus CEA have not been determined. Whereas endarterectomy remains the gold standard for the treatment of significant carotid artery stenosis, early results suggest that angioplasty and stenting may be indicated in selected patients with risk factors for complications from endarterectomy. Despite involving vastly different mechanisms for treatment of atherosclerotic lesions, permanent neurologic morbidity and mortality rates for both techniques are similar. The transient or minor neurologic events seen more often with CAS may be amenable to prevention with distal protection techniques currently undergoing clinical testing. With careful preprocedural evaluation of medical comorbidities, appropriate treatment with antiplatelet agents, and careful evaluation of the target lesion, most potential complications of angioplasty and stenting may be avoided or at least anticipated. Further technical advancements in endovascular therapy and patient-driven preferences for less-invasive procedures are likely to expand the indications and applications of CAS.