Дослідження ефективності застосування аплікатора DRAGON 6000 для внесення рідких добрив КАС у ресурсоощадних технологіях

Abstract

The purpose of research. Analysis of the advantages and determination of the efficiency of machines for subsoil application of liquid nitrogen fertilizers in resource-saving technologies by evaluating the quality of the DRAGON 6000 applicator. Research methods: theoretical (analysis and synthesis of information resources); experimental field; statistical (mathematical processing of research results) according to generally accepted methods. Results. Experimental studies of the influence of the speed modes of the injector wheel of the DRAGON 6000 applicator for application of liquid nitrogen fertilizers CAS on the quality of the technological process were carried out. It is established that during radical fertilization with liquid fertilizers of corn crops with a row spacing of 70 cm the unit is able to provide a daily yield of 120 hectares in 16-row performance and projected 180 ha - in 24-row, provided proper organization of work and staff training. It is noted that in the conditions of growth of prices for mineral fertilizers and climate change introduction of ecological approaches and resource-saving technology of entering CAS on the basis of the DRAGON 6000 applicator is an urgent task which will allow to compete successfully in the world market. Conclusions. Analytical review of domestic and foreign information resources confirms that the technology of subsoil application of liquid mineral fertilizers, in particular urea-ammonia mixtures (CAS), compared with the application of dry and other liquid fertilizers, is becoming more widespread due to better efficiency, which is a derivative of plant nutrition, rational positioning of fertilizers at the required depth, minimization of evaporation losses, improved drought resistance in the cultivation of crops, and also has significant benefits by reducing losses of active substance, ease of adjustment and management of the work process. Studies have confirmed the possibility of providing the presented design of the machine a constant depth of penetration of needles into the soil with a wide range of humidity and different speeds, as well as the ability to choose rational protection zone for cultivation of corn plants without damage to achieve acceptable efficiency of liquid fertilizers. LLC "ROPA-UKRAINE" presents to the market to consumers the applicator of the Ukrainian production DRAGON 6000 which passed production check on the area of 500 hectares during continuous entering of liquid fertilizers of CAS on vegetative plants of wheat and in the course of interrow (radical) entering of CAS on corn crops. 1100 hectares. With a change of speed in the range (5… 10) km / h, in difficult conditions of work at excess soil moisture, the DRAGON 6000 applicator stably provides depth of entering into soil of needles 6 cm long on depth of 4,9 cm in a protective zone on distance 5 cm from the stems. Under these conditions, the fixation of fertilizers is high quality, and damage to plants is not observed. According to the results of experimental research, the applicator guarantees high indicators of technological reliability and quality of the technological process, has good transport characteristics and lateral stability when driving on field roads.