Applications In Quantum Physics Research Articles

Attosecond electron microscopy and diffraction.

Advances in attosecond spectroscopy have enabled tracing and controlling the electron motion dynamics in matter, although they have yielded insufficient information about the electron dynamic in the space domain. Hence, ultrafast electron and x-ray imaging tools have been developed to image the ultrafast dynamics of matter in real time and space. The cutting-edge temporal resolution of these imaging tools is on the order of a few tens to a hundred femtoseconds, limiting imaging to the atomic dynamics and leaving electron motion imaging out of reach. Here, we obtained the attosecond temporal resolution in the transmission electron microscope, which we coined "attomicroscopy." We demonstrated this resolution by the attosecond diffraction measurements of the field-driven electron dynamics in graphene. This attosecond imaging tool would provide more insights into electron motion and directly connect it to the structural dynamics of matter in real-time and space domains, opening the door for long-anticipated real-life attosecond science applications in quantum physics, chemistry, and biology.

Long‐range quantum energy teleportation and distribution on a hyperbolic quantum network

AbstractTeleporting energy to remote locations is new challenge for quantum information science and technology. Developing a method for transferring local energy in laboratory systems to remote locations will enable non‐trivial energy flows in quantum networks. From the perspective of quantum information engineering, we propose a method for distributing local energy to a large number of remote nodes using hyperbolic geometry. Hyperbolic networks are suitable for energy allocation in large quantum networks since the number of nodes grows exponentially. To realise long‐range quantum energy teleportation (QET), we propose a hybrid method of quantum state telepotation and QET. By transmitting local quantum information through quantum teleportation and performing conditional operations on that information, QET can theoretically be realized independent of geographical distance. The method we present will provide new insights into new applications of future large‐scale quantum networks and potential applications of quantum physics to information engineering.

Quantum Physics in the Context of Countable and Uncountable Infinite Sets from the Perspective of Real Analysis

This study aims to investigate countable and uncountable infinite sets from the perspective of real analysis. Key theorems and definitions related to this topic are presented, along with some specific applications in quantum physics, such as the quantization of energy, the relationships between the discrete and the continuous, and the hypothesis of the linearity of the Schrödinger wave equation.

Global Positioning Scheme via Quantum Teleportation

Quantum teleportation scheme is undoubtedly an inspiring theoretical discovery as an amazing application of quantum physics, which was experimentally realized several years later. For the purpose of quantum communication via this scheme, an entangled ancillary pair shared by Alice and Bob is the essential ingredient, and a quantum memory in Bob’s system is necessary for him to keep the quantum state until the classical message from Alice arrives. Yet, the quantum memory remains a challenge in both technology and rationale. Here we show that quantum teleportation provides fresh perspectives in terms of an alternative scheme for global positioning system. Referring to fixed locations of Bob and Charlie, Alice can determine her relative position by comparing quantum states before and after teleporting around via Bob and Charlie successively. This may open up a new scene in the stage of the application of quantum physics without quantum memories.

Molecule–plasmon–photon hybridization and applications

We study a potential hybrid quantum system with a plasmonic nanocavity coupled to a vibrating mode of a single molecule and another optical cavity mode. To explore some important and valuable applications in quantum physics, we discuss and evaluate several different applications with respect to the plasmon-mediated quantum interface, the plasmon-assisted engineering of two-mode continuous-variable entanglement, and pursuing an indirect and ultrastrong molecule–photon cooperativity. In addition, governed by the relation of symmetry breaking and quantum phase transitions (QPTs),single-molecule-induced QPTs are also studied in this tripartite hybrid quantum system. This theoretical study strongly supports potential applications of this hybrid system in the field of quantum information processing. It is believed that our investigation of molecule–plasmon–photon hybridization can not only open a new avenue toward quantum manipulation, but also provide a fresh and reliable platform to carry out many applications with high efficiency.

It's Time to Go Quantum in Medicine.

As the field of medicine grows and expands, new scientific developments hold great promise for improving quality of care, clinical research, and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Quantum physics is a promising field that intersects with medicine much more than originally understood. In terms of diagnosing different diseases, incorporating quantum mechanics into the study of medicine can allow for efficient diagnosis before symptoms even arise in a patient. Applying theory-based mathematical structures that describe neuron transmission throughout the brain and mind on a quantum scale can help us to better understand neurological diseases in patients. Quantum theory can even give plausible explanations for subtle DNA changes and even telomere reduction in patients who develop cancer. Utilizing quantum theory in the field of medicine can help in understanding and applying treatments for a multitude of different diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease or diverse types of cancer, and even expand upon efficient and reliable diagnosis in clinical settings. Quantum physics is a pertinent advancing field that may have a significant impact on expanding medical care and treatment in the near future. In this review, the application of quantum physics in medicine is discussed.

Integrated photonic platforms for quantum technology: a review

Quantum information processing has conceptually changed the way we process and transmit information. Our understanding of quantum physics, which explains the seemingly strange behavior of matter at the microscopic scales, has matured to the extent that we can now explore technologies based on the phenomenon. One such exciting application of quantum physics with far-reaching consequences is quantum computing. Quantum computing, which uses quantum bits (qubits) for information processing, has changed the way we process and transmit information in a fundamental way. Experiments suggest that the most successful candidates for realizing qubits are photons. Therefore, integrated photonic platforms play a crucial role in harnessing the potential of quantum technology. This paper surveys the various photonic platforms based on different materials for quantum information processing. The future of this technology depends on the successful materials that can be used to universally realize quantum devices, similar to silicon, which shaped the industry toward the end of the last century. While it would be hazardous to make definitive predictions about the quantum revolution, our overview of the current status of research on the various platforms based on the materials used could shed light on how the future of quantum computing could unfold.

Time-Resolved Two-Photon Spectroscopy: Applications in Quantum Physics and Photonics

Time-Resolved Two-Photon Spectroscopy: Applications in Quantum Physics and Photonics

Time-Resolved Two-Photon Spectroscopy: Applications in Quantum Physics and Photonics

Time-resolved two-photon spectroscopy (TR2PS) is a powerful technique for investigating the dynamics of photo-excited states in materials with fem to second time resolution. TR2PS has been applied to a wide range of materials, including inorganic and organic semiconductors, perovskites, and magnetic materials. This technique can provide valuable insights into the underlying physics and chemistry of these materials, as well as their potential applications in optoelectronics, energy conversion, and quantum technologies. In this review, we compare TR2PS with other time-resolved spectroscopy techniques, including resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, transient absorption spectroscopy, time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, time-resolved X-ray diffraction, and time-resolved optical Kerr effect spectroscopy. We also discuss the different materials that have been studied using TR2PS, including the types of dynamics that have been observed in each material, potential applications, and challenges associated with studying these materials. Finally, we compare different data analysis and interpretation techniques for TR2PS data, considering factors such as the level of expertise required, computational resources needed, and types of information that can be obtained using each technique. Overall, this review highlights the versatility and importance of TR2PS in materials science and provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this field.

Cooling a Rotating Mirror Coupled to a Single Laguerre-Gaussian Cavity Mode Using Parametric Interactions.

We study the cooling of a rotating mirror coupled to a Laguerre–Gaussian (L–G) cavity mode, which is assisted by an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). It is shown that the presence of the OPA can significantly lower the temperature of the rotating mirror, which is very critical in the application of quantum physics. We also find that the increase in angular momentum has an influence on the cooling of the rotating mirror. Our results may provide a potential application in the determination of the orbital angular momentum of light fields and precision measurement.

Experimental unsupervised learning of non-Hermitian knotted phases with solid-state spins

Non-Hermiticity has widespread applications in quantum physics. It brings about distinct topological phases without Hermitian counterparts, and gives rise to the fundamental challenge of phase classification. Here, we report an experimental demonstration of unsupervised learning of non-Hermitian topological phases with the nitrogen-vacancy center platform. In particular, we implement the non-Hermitian twister model, which hosts peculiar knotted topological phases, with a solid-state quantum simulator consisting of an electron spin and a nearby 13C nuclear spin in a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. By tuning the microwave pulses, we efficiently generate a set of experimental data without phase labels. Furthermore, based on the diffusion map method, we cluster this set of experimental raw data into three different knotted phases in an unsupervised fashion without a priori knowledge of the system, which is in sharp contrast to the previously implemented supervised learning phases of matter. Our results showcase the intriguing potential for autonomous classification of exotic unknown topological phases with experimental raw data.

Magnetic moiré effects and two types of topological transition in a twisted-bilayer hyperbolic metasurface with double-split ring arrays.

Moiré configurations have recently attracted much attention due to their ability to enhance photonic responses and manipulate surface waves in the subwavelength ranges. However, previous studies have usually been focused on natural hyperbolic materials with limitations on patterning procedures, controlling rotation angles, and merely manipulating electric surface plasmons. Here, we theoretically and numerically investigate a novel magnetic moiré hyperbolic metasurface in the terahertz region, which enables two types of topological transition and a plethora of unusual magnetic moiré effects (magnetic surface wave manipulation, dispersion engineering, magic angles, spacer-dependent topological transition, and local field enhancement). This work extends twistronics and moiré physics to the terahertz region and magnetic polaritons, with potential applications in quantum physics, energy transfer, and planarized magnetic plasmonic devices.

On Snakes and Ladders

The climate emergency mandates a refocusing of society and education on the relationship between humans and the more-than-human world. Emerging from decades of social constructionism that openly promoted climate science denial, social and educational theorising now engages with new materialist philosophies and the agency of matter. Physicist Karen Barad’s book Meeting the Universe Halfway, cited over 13,000 times, offers an ontological foundation for new materialism based on her idiosyncratic application of quantum physics. While critically reviewing Barad, I found myself unexpectedly “sliding back down” into the terrain of my physicist pastime, rereading quantum mechanics in depth. I reflect here on how this “ontological detour” empowered me to “climb up a ladder” towards the theoretical foundation for my PhD project in climate change education. I argue that ontological grounding and cross-disciplinary engagement are vital for advancing research and gaining perspectives through lateral connections.

Correction to: Trace Functions with Applications in Quantum Physics

Correction to: Trace Functions with Applications in Quantum Physics

Symmetry Groups, Quantum Mechanics and Generalized Hermite Functions

This is a review paper on the generalization of Euclidean as well as pseudo-Euclidean groups of interest in quantum mechanics. The Weyl–Heisenberg groups, Hn, together with the Euclidean, En, and pseudo-Euclidean Ep,q, groups are two families of groups with a particular interest due to their applications in quantum physics. In the present manuscript, we show that, together, they give rise to a more general family of groups, Kp,q, that contain Hp,q and Ep,q as subgroups. It is noteworthy that properties such as self-similarity and invariance with respect to the orientation of the axes are properly included in the structure of Kp,q. We construct generalized Hermite functions on multidimensional spaces, which serve as orthogonal bases of Hilbert spaces supporting unitary irreducible representations of groups of the type Kp,q. By extending these Hilbert spaces, we obtain representations of Kp,q on rigged Hilbert spaces (Gelfand triplets). We study the transformation laws of these generalized Hermite functions under Fourier transform.

Photon-number entanglement generated by sequential excitation of a two-level atom

Entanglement and spontaneous emission are fundamental quantum phenomena that drive many applications of quantum physics. During the spontaneous emission of light from an excited two-level atom, the atom briefly becomes entangled with the photonic field. Here we show that this natural process can be used to produce photon-number entangled states of light distributed in time. By exciting a quantum dot—an artificial two-level atom—with two sequential π-pulses, we generate a photon-number Bell state. We characterize this state using time-resolved intensity and phase correlation measurements. Furthermore, we theoretically show that applying longer sequences of pulses to a two-level atom can produce a series of multi-temporal mode entangled states with properties intrinsically related to the Fibonacci sequence. Our results on photon-number entanglement can be further exploited to generate new states of quantum light with applications in quantum technologies.

Coherence-mediated squeezing of a cavity field coupled to a coherently driven single quantum dot

Coherence has been remaining a key resource for numerous applications of quantum physics ranging from quantum metrology to quantum information. Here, we report a theoretical work on how maximally created coherence results in the squeezing of cavity field coupled to a coherently driven single quantum dot. We employ a recently developed polaron master equation theory for accurately incorporating the impact of exciton-phonon coupling on squeezing.

Universal approximation of symmetric and anti-symmetric functions

We consider universal approximations of symmetric and anti-symmetric functions, which are important for applications in quantum physics, as well as other scientific and engineering computations. We give constructive approximations with explicit bounds on the number of parameters with respect to the dimension and the target accuracy $\epsilon$. While the approximation still suffers from the curse of dimensionality, to the best of our knowledge, these are the first results in the literature with explicit error bounds for functions with symmetry or anti-symmetry constraints.

Stability analysis of the implicit finite difference schemes for nonlinear Schrödinger equation

<abstract><p>This paper analyzes the stability of numerical solutions for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation that is widely used in several applications in quantum physics, optical business, etc. One of the most popular approaches to solving nonlinear problems is the application of a linearization scheme. In this paper, two linearization schemes—Newton and Picard methods were utilized to construct systems of linear equations and finite difference methods. Crank-Nicolson and backward Euler methods were used to establish numerical solutions to the corresponding linearized problems. We investigated the stability of each system when a finite difference discretization is applied, and the convergence of the suggested approximation was evaluated to verify theoretical analysis.</p></abstract>

Remote sensing and faithful quantum teleportation through non-localized qubits

One of the most important applications of quantum physics is quantum teleportation, the possibility to transfer quantum states over arbitrary distances. In this paper, we address the idea of remote sensing in a teleportation scenario with topological qubits more robust against noise. We also investigate the enhancement of quantum teleportation through non-local characteristics of the topological qubits. In particular, we show that how this nonlocal property, helps us to achieve near-perfect quantum teleportation even with mixed quantum states. Considering the limitations imposed by decoherence and the subsequent mixedness of the resource state, we find that our results may solve important challenges in realizing faithful teleportation over long distances.