Window Applications Research Articles

Hubungan Antara Literasi Digital Dengan Kreativitas Siswa Kelas V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah At Taqwa Kebonagung Dan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Islamiyah Geluran Sidoarjo Jawa Timur

The inability of students to understand digital literacy which has an impact on unsatisfactory learning outcomes. This study aims to find out how the digital literacy skills of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students in Sidoarjo, East Java, how the creativity of students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Sidoarjo, East Java, and to find out how digital literacy relates to the creativity of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students in Sidoarjo, East Java. The method used in this study is a type of quantitative research correlation approach. The independent variable in this study is digital literacy and the variabe tied to this study is the creativity of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students in Sidoarjo, East Java. The population in this study is Madrasah Ibtidaiyah schools in Sidoarjo, East Java, while the sample was taken by cluster random sampling method and it can be concluded that the sample is grade V students in every two Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah with a total of 199 in the 2022/2023 school year. Data collection in this study through literature studies and field studies using observation, creativity tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Based on the results of the data analysis conducted, it is known that the Digital Literacy of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Sidoarjo, East Java is in the very good category, this can be seen from the total score of 88%. The creativity of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students in Sidoarjo, East Java is in the very good category, this can be seen from the total score of 89%. For the results of calculating the relationship between the two variables using the SPSS 26.0 For Windows application of 0.688 which contains the understanding that the relationship of the independent variable (Digital Literacy) to the dependent variable (Student Creativity) is 68%.

Influence of Budget Participation, Decentralization Structure, and Public Accountability on Leadership Performance (An Empirical Study on the Leaders of Regional Work Units in Cirebon Regency)

This study aims to analyze the effect of budget participation, decentralization structure and public accountability on leadership performance. The object in this study is the Regional Apparatus Work Unit (SKPD) of Cirebon Regency. The data used in this study are primary data. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires. The population in this study was 2 agencies and 10 agencies with a sample of 89 employees. The results of this study prove that: 1) Budget Participation affects the Performance of Leaders. 2) Decentralization Structure affects Leadership Performance. 3) Public Accountability affects the performance of the Leader. The data analysis used in this study was multiple linear regression using SPSS 25 for Windows Application.

Electrofluorochromic Switching of Heat-Induced Cross-Linkable Multi-Styryl-Terminated Triphenylamine and Tetraphenylethylene Derivatives.

High-performance electrochromic (EC) and electrofluorochromic (EFC) materials have garnered considerable interest due to their diverse applications in smart windows, optoelectronics, optical displays, military camouflage, etc. While many different EC and EFC polymers have been reported, their preparation often requires multiple steps, and their polymer molecular weights are subjected to batch variation. In this work, we prepared two triphenylamine (TPA)-based and two tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based derivatives functionalized with terminal styryl groups via direct Suzuki coupling with (4-vinylphenyl)boronic acid and vinylboronic acid pinacol ester. The two novel TPE derivatives exhibited green-yellow aggregation-induced emission (AIE). The EC and EFC properties of pre- and post-thermally treated derivatives spin-coated onto ITO-glass substrates were studied. While all four derivatives showed modest absorption changes with applied voltages up to +2.4 V, retaining a high degree of optical transparency, they exhibited obvious EFC properties with the quenching of blue to yellow fluorescence with IOFF/ON contrast ratios of up to 7.0. The findings therefore demonstrate an elegant approach to preparing optically transparent, heat-induced, cross-linkable styryl-functionalized EFC systems.

The Effect of the Project-Based Learning Model on the 4C Skills (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication, and Collaboration) of Elementary School Students

This research aims to examine the effect of the project-based learning model on elementary school students' 4C skills. This research is a quasi-quantitative experimental research. The sampling technique used at the SD Negeri 2 Perm Way Kandis location was an arbitrary cluster technique. The research sample consisted of two groups: experimental class IV A, totaling 28 students, and control class IV B, totaling 30 students. Data collection techniques use tests and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques use normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests. The results of data analysis can be used to identify the impact of critical thinking skills and creativity. The average pretest score for the experimental class was 40.89, the posttest score was 81.07, the average pretest score for students in the control class was 44, and the posttest score was 80.16, higher in the experimental class than the control class. Based on the analysis of experimental class student questionnaire data, the questionnaire data was used as a measuring tool for students' level of skill achievement, communication, and collaboration in the experimental and control classes, and an average score of 82 was obtained. Furthermore, the average score for the control class was 79.5. The results of the t-test using the SPSS StatisticsV for Windows application obtained a value of Sig<0.05(5) on Sig(two-sided), namely 0.000<0.05(5) for 28 students. Based on this research, PJBL has a significant impact on improving students' 4C skills.

Emerging Thermochromic Perovskite Materials: Insights into Fundamentals, Recent Advances and Applications

AbstractThermochromic perovskite materials exhibit reversible color changes in response to external thermal stimuli. Recently recognized as promising candidates, significant efforts are dedicated to developing these materials with tunable properties, rapid response, and effective light modulation. This review demonstrates recent advances in fabrication methods, mechanism investigation, solar modulation performance, and diverse applications of perovskite thermochromic materials. Thin films and single crystals are addressed separately, with a focus on achieving high‐quality and stable thermochromic perovskite materials across different dimensional architectures. Furthermore, the article outlines current challenges and provides forward‐looking perspectives, aiming to foster future innovative research and widespread application in smart windows, switchable photovoltaic devices, photo/thermal detectors, and anti‐counterfeiting technologies.

Multifunctional bionanohybrids of graphene oxide/β-cyclodextrin for applications in methylene blue adsorption, solvent response, and smart light-driven

In this study, a multifunctional graphene oxide/β-cyclodextrin bionanohybrids (BWGO) was prepared successfully. The structure, morphology, adsorption capacity, solvent response, and light-driven properties of the BWGO were systematically investigated through the in-situ formation of an asymmetric gradient structure. The maximum adsorption value of BWGO based on bio-nanohybrids was 81.27 mg·g−1 for methylene blue (MB), which fitted the Langmuir isotherm in accordance with the pseudo-secondary kinetic model. Additionally, the host–guest interaction model of between BWGO and MB (in ratios of 1:1 or 1:2) was proposed by ROESY. Remarkably, the BWGO exhibited not only unique and exceptional responses to organic hazard solvents, self-driven, and photothermal responses, but also demonstrated controllable object loading and shape memory useful for soft grasping. More importantly, the related mechanisms of adsorption and behaviors driven by multiple stimuli (solvent, light) were elucidated through the host–guest interaction, wrinkled structure, gradient solvent swelling effects, and conformational changes in the macromolecular chain. This work not only introduces the multifunctional bionanohybrid materials with a wrinkled structure for the adsorption of organic dyes, but also opens avenues for potential applications in smart windows, soft grasping, and biomimetic industrial materials.

Efek Pengendalian Internal dan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan

This research employs a quantitative method with the population consisting of Regional Water Companies in both Sukabumi City and Sukabumi Regency. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, with a total of 51 respondents from both companies in Sukabumi City and Sukabumi Regency. The data used are primary data collected through the distribution of questionnaires. After the data was collected, the analysis was conducted using the SPSS 27 For Windows application, including data quality test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression test, and hypothesis test. The research findings conclude that both aspects, namely internal control and accounting information systems, have a significant combined effect on the quality of financial reports. Additionally, separately, internal control and accounting information systems also have a significant effect on the quality of financial reports.

Sustainable kiwi fruit derived carbon dots architected WO3 (KF-CDs@WO3) thin films based flexible electrochromic devices with improved stability for next generation smart windows applications

The design and development of new advanced materials or technologies are essential for the construction of high performance smart windows for the next generation of energy efficient buildings. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) based flexible electro-chromic devices f-ECDs have received extensive attention for the development of next generation f-ECDs. Here, we demonstrated the design and fabrication of kiwi fruit peel derived carbon dots (KF-CDs) decorated WO3 films under benign approaches. Furthermore f-ECDs were developed and their performance have been examined in terms of transmittance and coloration efficiency. The amount of KF-CDs in to the WO3 was varied and optimized f-ECDs exhibited the excellent optical contrast (ΔT) of 83.74 %, coloration efficiency of 86.2 cm2/C. The optimized f-ECDs exhibited excellent cyclic stability of 25000th cycles and retained more than 80 % optical contrast compared to the initial performance. This improved stability may be attributed to the presence of strong hydrogen bonding between the functional groups of KF-CDs and WO3.

Screen-Printed Metamaterial Absorber Using Fractal Metal Mesh for Optical Transparency and Flexibility

In stealth applications, there is a growing emphasis on the development of radar-absorbing structures that are efficient, flexible, and optically transparent. This study proposes a screen-printed metamaterial absorber (MMA) on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates using indium tin oxide (ITO) as the grounding layer, which achieves both optical transparency and flexibility. These materials and methods enhance the overall flexibility and transparency of MMA. To address the limited transparency caused by the silver nanoparticle ink for the top pattern, a metal mesh was incorporated to reduce the area ratio of the printed patterns, thereby enhancing transparency. By incrementing the fractal order of the structure, we optimized the operating frequency to target the X-band, which is most commonly used in radar detection. The proposed MMA demonstrates remarkable performance, with a measured absorption of 91.99% at 8.85 GHz and an average optical transmittance of 46.70% across the visible light spectrum (450 to 700 nm), indicating its potential for applications in transparent windows or drone stealth.

Effect of In Situ Heating on the Growth and Electrochromic Properties of Tungsten Trioxide Thin Films.

Electrochromism has emerged as a pivotal technology in the pursuit of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability, spurring significant research efforts aimed at the creation of advanced electrochromic devices. Most electrochromic materials are used for smart window applications. However, current electrochromic materials have been applied to new energy vehicles, cell phone back covers, AR glasses, and so on. More application scenarios put forward more requirements for the color of the colored states. Choosing the right color change in the application will be the trend in the future. In this work, tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films were prepared by adjusting the in situ heating temperature. WO3 with a crystalline structure showed excellent cyclic stability (5000 cycles), electrochromic performance (ΔT = 77.7% at 633 nm, CE = 37.1 cm2/C), relatively fast bleaching/coloring speed (20.0 s/19.4 s), and the darkest coloring effect (L* = 29.32, a* = 7.41, b* = -22.12 for the colored state). These findings offer valuable insights into the manipulation of smart materials and devices, contributing to the advancement of electrochromic technology.

Viologen‐based host–guest supramolecule with tunable intramolecular/intermolecular electron transfer chromism and dynamic fluorescence

AbstractViologen, as a type of strong electron acceptor, is prone to undergo electron transfer (ET) and change color under external stimuli. However, due to the easy aggregation of viologen molecules, they usually suffer from poor fluorescence emission in the condensed phase. Herein, a new viologen derivative of VioCl2·2Cl (12+·2Cl) was designed and synthesized, in which the fluorescence was enhanced by introducing Me‐β‐CD to weaken the interactions between viologen molecules. Then a viologen‐based host–guest supramolecule of 12+@Me‐β‐CD was obtained by electrostatic interactions. Photo‐/chemo‐responded guest 12+ supplies 12+@Me‐β‐CD, a green and dark purple caused by intramolecular and intermolecular ET. Furthermore, 12+@Me‐β‐CD displays an additional thermal responsive purple color. The triple chromic behaviors all exhibit excellent reversibility and cycling stability. As expected, 12+@Me‐β‐CD exhibits strong photoluminescence (PL) in solid–liquid dual states, presenting an improved quantum yield (Φ) from 12+ (Φs = 0.37%, Φl = 16.74%) to 12+@Me‐β‐CD (Φs = 10.45%, Φl = 25.86%), and the fluorescence intensity can be dynamically modulated by light, heat, and acid/base vapors. The multi‐responsive chromism and tunable fluorescence of 12+@Me‐β‐CD allow for potential applications in information security and smart windows.

Contribution of advanced windows and façades to buildings decarbonization: A comprehensive review

On a global level the building sector consumes about 45.00% of energy consumption, contributes about 40.00% to emission, uses 30.00% of water and impacts the environment by generating 30.00% of waste. Although windows are important components of a building that provide natural lighting and ventilation and establish necessary contact with the external environment necessary for healthy indoor ambient, they permit entry of undesirable solar heat in summer and allow escaping heat from the indoor ambient in cold seasons, which aggravate the building needs for energy and increase its contribution to atmospheric emissions. The present investigation provides a review on research, development, and applications of advanced windows in the building sector. The introduction highlights the importance and contribution of advanced glazing technology to improving energy, comfort, and thermal performance of buildings. The review includes natural illumination and ventilation, thermal comfort and discusses the effects of window to wall ratio on natural illumination and ventilation of windows and façades. The review also covers recent developments in glazed windows and façades including performance enhancements by using reflective solar films, vacuum glazing, windows with filling materials, windows with water flow, window with phase change material, window with stagnant inert gas filling, ventilated windows and façades and windows with aerogel. A special section was also included on smart glazing for windows and façades showing the new tendencies and applications in the building industry. Since commercial programs and open access codes are handy tools for simulation and performance calculations a section is dedicated to these codes. The conclusion section contains the most relevant conclusion of the review as well as future trends in research and developments in the area. The topics included in this review can be helpful for experienced and young researchers, practicing engineers and general readers interested in windows and façades.

Academic Matcher- The College Predictor

Abstract: The College Predictor is a windows application where, students can look for CET cut-off for previous year of engineering colleges across Maharashtra, India. However, some students may not understand and are confused which college to prefer. Several factors are considered to get selected in engineering colleges. Academic matcher is an important construct which help students to search colleges according to their CET exam score, caste category and region preference. The aim of Academic Matcher is to help students with their college shortlisting. Students spend a lot of money on admission consultants. This application gives an instant prediction on possible engineering colleges a student can get an admit according to the student's input and save their time. This Academic Matcher helps students save time and money. The college admission of a student will be predicted using the best machine learning algorithm.

Metal oxide-dispersed PDMS nanocomposite films with enhanced heat-shielding ability and optical transparency

Coatings that transmit visible light and shield near-infrared (NIR) rays of sunlight have potential applications in smart windows, thermal camouflage, and heat shielding encapsulations. Here, we report metal oxide-dispersed polymer nanocomposites as potential coating materials that possess a combination of NIR reflection and visible light transmission. Film coatings (∼600 μm) comprising nanocrystalline zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and cupric oxide (CuO) in the range of 0–2 wt% in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix are fabricated. At optimal compositions, these coatings provided up to 52 % reduction in the interior air temperature, measured at distances ∼3 cm beneath the surface, while, at the same time, retaining up to 70 % of visible light transparency. The NIR reflection may be attributed to a combination of the band gap of the pigment material and the difference between the refractive indices of the pigments and the polymer matrix. We present a design map that highlights different regimes of heat-shielding and light transmission space for PDMS nanocomposite films. The performance, when compared with existing reports, suggests that films fabricated in this work outperform previously reported polymeric coatings in providing a combination of heat shielding and optical transparency.

The Trends in the Application of Single Window for Trade

In a context of increasing globalization and digitalization, single windows for trade have assumed a fundamental role as a tool to streamline and facilitate international business operations. This scientific article focuses on the analysis of the most recent trends in the implementation of single windows for trade, highlighting four areas of particular interest that are shaping the current landscape in this field. The first trend is related to the implementation of a national single window in a country instead of implementing various "limited" single windows. The following trend involves including various sectors of services in the national single window, from regulatory services to private services, in the logistics and transportation sphere. The third trend is related to the transformation of national systems into global trade facilitation platforms that allow uninterrupted trade. Compared to the single window, trade platforms offer multiple solutions and are capable of covering a wide range of goods, services, and international trade participants not only in a specific sector but across the entire supply chain. These trends represent an ongoing evolution in the pursuit of simplifying and enhancing international trade, adapting it to the changing demands of the globalized economy.

PC Controller using Android Device

Abstract: From some years there has been a significant evolution in mobile or smartphone computing and communication devices like mobile phones, media players and many more. This project e is proposed to be able to perform most of the actions a normal computer keyboard and mouse can accomplish. Wireless presentation controller ensures good freedom of movement. but, most of such devices do not allow user full operation on the computer, like running the program, moving or closing an application window, etc This project proposed the design and implementation of converting smartphones into computer remote controllers by which user can wirelessly operate a computer. sWe proposed the system which can reduce the strain of sore moment with the use of computer. It enables the user to move cursor, click operation and applications, play with media such like forward, rewind, pause, run, and increase or reduce the volume of a media file, multi-touch scrolling , pinch gesture for zoom in and out. This could be achieved by useing the proposed application that occurs to the computer network via Wi-Fi which can connects both system with each other, then command from the mobile phone that remotely controls the computer.

Intelligent switchable nanomaterials doped optical switches with PDLC-PVA-PSCLC bilayer liquid crystal structure for smart windows

ABSTRACT Due to the ability to switch between transparent and light scattering states, polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) and polymer stabilised cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLC) are widely used in smart windows and flexible displays. A novel double-layer optical switch fabricated from a PDLC-PVA-PSCLC structure has been developed in this study, and the optimal formulation of each layer of the structure was investigated. In addition, the effect of adding (spin-coating) nanoparticles on overall switch performance was investigated. The double-layer switch under optimal conditions achieved 89.1% UV shielding, which also possessed excellent layer-by-layer driving performance and was able to modulate the UV shielding rate according to the voltage, with a tunable range of 74.83%-94.33%. Consequently, this optical device holds great promise for significant improvement and application in smart windows and flexible displays.

Enhancement of electrochemical reversibility in Poly 3-hexylthiophene layers for flexible dynamic glass windows applications

Thin films of Poly 3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) were deposited onto Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates using a spin coating method and the films were vacuum annealed at different temperatures to study the effect of annealing on the electrochemical reversibility. From the absorption spectra, the variation of the optical band gap with annealing temperature was studied for different annealing temperatures. The optical band gap obtained for P3HT film deposited at room temperature (RT) was around 1.94 eV and 1.92 eV for the sample annealed at 100 °C. A cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis showed that at certain applied redox potentials, P3HT thin films changed the colour from magenta to transparent and then back to magenta in the reverse potential. P3HT films annealed at 100 °C showed the best electrochemical reversibility among all the annealed samples. These electrically switchable electrochromic P3HT thin films can be used in flexible dynamic windows (FDWs) as smart windows for controlling the temperature and light in buildings, displays and mirror light modulators.

Nitrogen Doping in VO2 Thin Films on Synthetic Mica Substrates Through Mist Chemical Vapor Deposition: Lowering the Metal–Insulator Transition Temperature Toward Smart Windows

AbstractIn this study, nitrogen (N) is doped into VO2 thin films through mist chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and the effect of the doping on metal–insulator transition (MIT) temperatures is investigated. The N‐doped VO2 thin films are grown on an SnO2 buffer layer. The N‐doped VO2 lattice spacing tends to expand as the growth temperature decreased, which indicates that the incorporation of N into the lattice is derived from the Ethylenediamine. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is conducted to investigate the relationship between the decrease in the transition temperature and N concentration. The results reveal that the sample grown at 425 °C contains approximately 2 × 1020 cm−3 of N. Thus, efficient nitrogen doping can be achieved through mist CVD. The temperature‐resistance characteristics of VO2 thin films are measured to investigate their electrical properties and MIT temperatures. The results reveal that for undoped samples, the transition temperature slightly decreases with the decrease in the growth temperature. Furthermore, the sample grown at 425 °C exhibits a considerable change in resistance because of MIT at approximately 29.5 °C. These results prove the potential of using mist CVD N‐doped thin films for smart window applications to address future energy problems.

An overview and experimental analysis of WO3/TiO2 composite with enhanced electrochromic properties for smart windows application

An overview and experimental analysis of WO3/TiO2 composite with enhanced electrochromic properties for smart windows application