Apparent Healthy Subjects Research Articles

Interpretation of Oral Involvement in Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome by Using Salivary Markers

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the salivary and lacrimal glands that leads to functional impairment. Hypof unction of salivary glands is the main cause of oral pathological changes and is associated with alterations in the constituents of the saliva. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that proteomic approaches markers (notably peptides) are involved in the oral manifestations observed in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). A total number of 71 participants were admitted in the study; 21 of them have Sjögren's syndrome (Group I), 43 non- Sjögren's syndrome cases refer red or attended the dental clinic seeking for certain management (Group II) and 7 apparent healthy subjects without dental problems (Group III). Stimulated saliva was collected from each patients and participants for biochemical analysis including assessment of salivary protein and peptides. Salivary flow rate was significantly (p<0.01) reduced in SS patients by 33.4% and 24.1% of corresponding Group II and Group III respectively. The salivary protein concentrations (total albumin and peptides) pe r milliliter saliva fluid were increased in SS patients. Saliva peptides (2.09±1.01 mg/ml) level was significantly (p<0.05) hi gher than Group II (1.708±0.649 mg/ml) and Group III (1.339±0.517 mg/ml). Hypofunction of saliv ary glands in SS is associated with significant changes in the saliva constituents particularly the peptides.

Left Ventricular Geometry and Function in Patients with Gray Zone Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is considered as the silent killer of human because the hypertensive patient may be not aware that he has hypertension and death can occur at any time without the reason being known. We aim to study the effect of gray zone hypertension [SBP from 120-139] and or [DBP from 80-89] which was classified as prehypertension under JNC-7 on the structure, geometry, and operation of the left ventricle using echocardiography
 Methods: This study included 100 patients who asymptomatic apparent healthy subjects visited cardiology outpatient department (OPD) for routine checkup. Patients were grouped into two equal groups: Group A whose blood pressure was in the gray zone hypertension [SBP from 120-139] and or [DBP from 80-89], and group B with SBP <120 mmHg & DBP <80 mmHg.
 Results: The two groups being studied were statistically significant different as regard LV geometrical pattern (p=0.028). They were also statistically significant in LV geometrical pattern between the males and females (p<0.05). The two groups were statistically significant different regarding GLS (p =0.001).
 Conclusions: Gray zone hypertension affects ventricular diastolic function and LV geometry, although systolic function was normal; GLS showed that subclinical LV dysfunction can occur.

EVALUATION OF IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN SOME HOSPITALS IN UYO, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a major public health problem especially in the developing countries. Literature evidence opines that serological markers associated with PTB infections enhance early diagnosis. This study employed CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and total serum immunoglobulin to establish early diagnosis in PTB patients in Uyo. Sputum samples of 105 patients were screened for Acid Fast Bacilli, while blood (7ml) was collected for CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and quantification of total serum using cytoflow counter and Enzyme linked Immunoassay, respectively. A prevalence of 12.4% was established for PTB infection among the patients. The mean differences between immunoglobulins levels in relation to CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts was not significant at p ˃ 0.05. The mean IgG value of PTB patients was 737.29 ± 435.8 mg/dL, while the apparently healthy subjects (AHS) had the mean IgG value of 23.15 ± 32.2 mg/dL. The mean IgA level in PTB patients (190.91 ± 94.8 mg/dL) was higher than that of AHS (126.81 ± 35.5 mg/dL). The mean IgM value of PTB patients and that of the AHS was 317.75 ± 146.11 and 50.00 ± 32.3 mg/dL, respectively. There was significant difference between the immunoglobulin levels of PTB patients and AHS at p > 0.05 with respect to IgA and at p > 0.001 with respect to IgG and IgM. This study has indicated that biomarkers of humoral immunity were significantly affected when compared with AHS, thus, this study would enhance knowledge of the health practitioners and enable them to grasp the role of biomarkers in

Yam paste in glycemic preloads curbs peak glycemia of rice meals in apparent healthy subjects.

People with dental problems and dysphagia frequently consume foods in paste form. A strategy is required to mitigate the glycemic responses of these foods. The effect of yam paste ingestion on postprandial glycemic responses was assessed using a two-arm study design for yam paste ingestion: (1) as low- and medium-glycemic index food and (2) as preload and coingested food in a rice meal. In a randomized crossover trial, 18 healthy volunteers consumed (1) low-intensity-cooked yam paste; (2) medium-intensity-cooked yam paste; (3) cooked white rice; (4) coingested low-intensity-cooked yam paste with rice; (5) coingested medium-intensity-cooked yam paste with rice; (6) a preload of low-intensity-cooked yam paste before rice; (7) a preload of medium-intensity-cooked yam paste before rice. Postprandial glycemic responses and satiety assessments were conducted for each food approach. The glycemic characteristics of yam paste were manipulated with the preparatory treatment. Ingesting a preload of 10 g of yam paste before a rice meal resulted in better glycemic responses for 0-60 min in terms of peak glucose value and positive increments under the curve than co-ingesting yam paste with rice, with no adverse effect on satiety, irrespective of the glycemic index of the yam paste. Regarding isocarbohydrates, both low- and medium-glycemic index yam paste preloads curbed the glucose peak value of a rice meal and lowered the glycemic index value of mixed meals in young healthy people.

A CLINICAL STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF ASHWAGANDHA (WITANIA SOMNIFERA) ON QUALITY OF LIFE (WHOQOL-BREF) IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY SUBJCETS

WHOQOL- BREF is assessment of a multidimensional concept incorporating an individual’s perception of health status embedded with physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. Various types of health issues are common around the globe due to improper sleep pattern and lifestyle. Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) is the intervention of many clinical conditions like, arresting the aging process, pro-cure the body in debilitating condition by creating a sense of mental wellbeing and increase physical fit-ness. Ashwagandha possesses Vatakaphahara, Jara Vyadhi Nashaka, Balya and Dhatu Vriddhikara prop-erties. Because of these properties, it acts not only preventive but also promotive and curative effects as well as slowdown Jara by breaking the pathogenesis. The present study was opted to analyse the health status (quality of life WHO-QOL BREF)in apparently healthy voluntary subjects. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) on quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) in apparent-ly healthy subjects. Methods: The study includes randomized, single blind controlled comparative study with pre-test and post-test design. 408 apparently healthy subjects were screened for the features of health. 108 apparently Healthy subjects were selected by considering the inclusion criteria, and categorised into two group, (Group 1- control Group and Group 2- study Group) 54 subjects in each group. Subjects in the study group consumed 12 gm of Ashwagandha Choorna (powder) once daily with milk 200ml and the control group consumed milk 200 ml daily once. WHO-QOL BREF Questionnaire was utilised for analys-ing the health status of the individuals before intervention, after intervention and follow up. Results: In the control group (n=54), the mean score overall quality of life was found to be 65.75 before intervention, af-ter complete intervention quality of life was found to be 67.55 and at the time of follow up quality of life was found 67.55. In the study group (n=54), the mean score overall quality of life was found to be 64.38 before intervention of study, after complete intervention quality of life was found to be 71.58 and at the time of follow up quality of life was found 71.61. Conclusion: In this study, subjects were improved to the higher scores among the physical, psychological domains as comparison with the environmental and social domains. Found improvement in the quality of life (WHO BREF) in study group as compared to control group.

Comparison Of Oxyhemoglobin, Deoxyhemoglobin, Tissue Oxygen Saturation, And Venous Occlusion Plethysmography

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) a non-invasive technique used to measure tissue perfusion and oxygenation. Recent studies used the combination of a Venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP) with NIRS to study microvascular function. NIRS have demonstrated to monitor effectively perfusion changes in muscle microcirculation. The purpose of this study was to determine If NIRS can predict microvascular blood flow measurement via VOP. A total of 20 young apparent healthy subjects, were recruited for this study. NIRS and VOP were performed simultaneously at the right forearm and right calf. VOP strain gauges placed around the widest part of both extremities between cuffs. Probes for NIRS were placed on forearm and calf both perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Baseline levels were obtained for a minute for NIRS and VOP. Followed by an ischemic stress were cuffs were inflated to a suprasystolic pressure for five minutes. Post ischemic stress data was collected for one minute. Strength association was evaluated by Pearson correlation. Lower extremity demonstrated a positive correlation with average basal oxyhemoglobin (HbO₂) versus, slope of deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) (R= 0.541: P= 0.014). HHb 30 seconds before ischemic stress is release had a positive correlation with tissue oxygen saturation (SO2) slope (R =0.873; P <0.05). HHb post ischemic stress slope had a positive correlation with HbO₂ slope (R = 0.665; P =0.001). Upper extremity, HbO₂ post ischemic stress versus HHB post ischemic stress showed a positive correlation. (R = 0.916; P = <0.05). HbO₂ 30 seconds before ischemic stress versus HHB 30 seconds before ischemic stress slope had a positive correlation (R= .784; P = <.05). No correlation was found with VOP measurements. There were no agreements between NIRS and VOP, for the assessment of microvascular function.

Role of CTRP3, CTRP9 and MCP-1 for the evaluation of T2DM associated coronary artery disease in Egyptian postmenopausal females.

C1q complement/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)—related protein (CTRP) family comprises of 15 proteins that posses important implications in energy homeostasis, infection and inflammation. However, their roles in diabetes mellitus (DM) and its vascular complications have not been completely assessed. This works aims to study the association of two CTRPs; 3 and 9, with pro-inflammatory cytokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and biochemical parameters of type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods: Biochemical markers and serum levels of CTRPs and MCP-1 were measured in 86 postmenopausal females. Subjects were divided over four groups; 13 apparent healthy subjects as control (group I), 29 patients with CAD (group II), 29 patients with T2D ≥5 years (group III) and 15 patients with CAD secondary to T2D (group IV). Serum CTRP3, CTRP9, MCP-1 and insulin were measured by ELISA.Results: Serum CTRP3 levels were found to be significantly higher in group III and IV, whereas, it was significantly lower in group II on comparing to group I. While, CTRP9 levels were significantly decreased in group II, III and IV on comparing to group I. MCP-1 levels were found to be significantly increased in groups II, III and IV on comparison with group I. Both CTRPs were significantly negatively correlated with each other. While MCP-1 was significantly correlated negatively to CTRP9.Conclusion: This study associates the possible role of CTRP3, CTRP9 and MCP-1/CCL2 in the diagnosis/prognosis of CAD complication in T2D postmenopausal females.

Low Bilirubin Levels Indicate a High Risk of Cerebral Deep White Matter Lesions in Apparently Healthy Subjects

Recent studies have reported that deep white matter lesions (DWMLs) on magnetic resonance imaging scans are related to the risk of developing impaired cognitive function in future. Bilirubin exhibits a potent antioxidant effect and an inverse relationship has been reported between bilirubin levels and the risk of several atherosclerotic diseases; however, there is limited evidence with regard to the effect of bilirubin levels on cerebrovascular diseases including DWMLs. This cross-sectional study included 1121 apparently healthy Japanese adults. The subjects were divided into three groups according to their bilirubin levels (low, <0.5 mg/dl; intermediate, ≥0.5 mg/dl and <1.0 mg/dl; and high, ≥1.0 mg/dl). The severity of DWMLs was evaluated according to Fazekas scale and their relation to bilirubin levels was examined. The association between bilirubin levels and the presence of severe DWMLs was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The analysis revealed that the low- and intermediate bilirubin groups indicated 2.36- and 1.33-fold increase in the prevalence of severe DWMLs compared with the high-bilirubin group, respectively (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–4.97 (the low-bilirubin group), 95% CI: 0.85–2.07 (the intermediate-bilirubin group). In conclusion, low total bilirubin levels could be associated with a high prevalence of severe DWMLs in apparent healthy subjects.

ACE Gene in Egyptian Ischemic Stroke Patients

Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) is a crucial player in vascular homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hypertension. The present study was conducted to determine whether there is an association between the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and ischemic stroke in Egyptian population. Also, we analyzed the ACE gene I/D polymorphism as a risk factor for small-vessel (SV) versus large-vessel (LV) disease. Sixty patients with ischemic stroke were included: 30 with SV disease and 30 with LV disease. In addition, a control group of 30 apparent healthy subjects were studied. Clinical assessment, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging brain, and genetic study using the polymerase chain reaction of ACE gene were done for all subjects. We found that the distribution of ACE gene polymorphism frequency was significantly different between the 3 groups. The DD genotype was far more common in stroke patients compared to controls. It was also significantly more common in each of the patient groups compared to controls but rather similar in the 2 patient groups with SV and LV diseases. We found that the ACE gene deletion/deletion genotype is common in Egyptian patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke but does not appear to be specific neither to SV nor to LV disease.

The characteristics of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in urban population from Tangshan City

Objective To understand the characteristics of High-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) distribution through analyzing serum HDL-C levels in healthy checkup subjects among local urbanese. Methods The checkup results of 36 454 cases were collected from 2009 to 2013 in Tangshan Gongren hospital(male: n=20 343, female: n=16 111). The cases with liver injury, abnormal blood glucoses , kidney injury and defined cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic disease were excluded. 25 197 cases were analyzed as normal subjects including 11 114 males and 14 083 females. Kolmogorov-Smimov test, kruskal-wallis test, and Dunn multiple comparison test was performed using Bioconductor software 3.0.2 for testing normality distribution and comparing the difference of two or multiple groups, respectively. Results were analyzed statistically with R 3.0.2. Results The results showed that the average level (1.22 ± 0.31) mmol/L of HDL-C among the overall population is lower than that of national average level(1.30 mmol/L). The median serum HDL-C level in female is higher than in male (1.27 and 1.08, χ2=2 606.34, P<0.01). HDL-C levels in male continuously increase from 1.06 mmol/L to 1.11 mmol/L with aging, especially in groups of over 50 years old than in groups of below 50 years old (χ2=75.19, P<0.01). Conclusions Based on 2007 guidance on prevention and treatment by national health bureau, this study showed that there are 29.69% of the apparent healthy subjects, especially about 42.94% of the male, representing low HDL-C level under the low limit of 1.04 mmol/L. These results showed that serum HDL-C level in Tangshan urbanese is lower than that of national average level, and HDL-C level in male is tended to increase with aging. Key words: Cholesterol, HDL; Physical examination; Retrospective studies

Influence of Metabolic Syndrome versus Musculoskeletal Disorders on Saudi Health-Related Quality of Life

Aim: This work aimed to study the influence of two chronic health conditions, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Saudis. Method: The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) health status questionnaire was used to measure the HRQoL and compare the mean scores of the questionnaire subscales and physical and mental component summaries (PCS and MCS) of 33 patients with MetS, 18 patients with MSDs, and 30 apparently healthy (AH) subjects. Regression analysis was used to measure the prediction power of the study group, age and gender of the participants in estimating the HRQoL. Results: Results showed that the mean scores of the physical subscales, the PCS, the mental subscales and MCS were arranged in descending order from AH subjects, patients with MetS, to patients with MSDs. The mean scores difference among the 3 study groups were statistically significant with the only exception for the general mental health (GMH) subscale (P = 0.404). The study group and age accounted for 41.8% of the variability of PCS while the study group accounted for 19.6% of the variability in the MCS. The resulted equation to estimate the PCS score was as follows: PCS = 113.18 - 12.85 (Group: 0 for AH, 1 for MetS, and 2 for MSDs) - 0.67 age. On the other hand the resulted equation to estimate the MCS score was as follows: MCS = 76.203 - 10.426 (Group: 0 for AH, 1 for MetS, and 2 for MSDs). Conclusion: Patients with MetS and patients with MSDs had lower HRQoL than AH subjects. All the physical and mental dimensions of HRQoL are negatively influenced with MetS and with MSDs with the only exception for the GMH subscale. The physical and mental burden of MSDs is more dominant. The study group and age can be used to predict the PCS while the study group can be used to predict the MCS.

Hepatitis B surface antigen-negative, but HBV DNA-positive patients in Bangladesh

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is regarded as sole marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Bangladesh and most other developing countries. However, some HBV-negative subjects may harbor HBV DNA and transfusion of their blood may cause HBV infection in recipients. HBV DNA was checked in 20 patients with cryptogenic liver cirrhosis, 10 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma without any known etiology, and 10 apparently healthy subjects with elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT). HBV DNA was detected in 8 of 20 patients with cryptogenic liver cirrhosis, 1 of 10 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and 2 of 10 apparent healthy subjects with elevated ALT. However, all of them were negative for HBsAg in the sera. This study indicates that some additional mechanisms should be developed for detection of HBsAg-negative HBV-infected subjects for efficient control and management of HBV infection in Bangladesh.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus Infection among General Population in Central Region of Yemen.

Background. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a major worldwide public health problem. Though several studies from Yemen have provided an estimate of the prevalence of this viral infection, there exist only few studies which reflect the status in the general population. Aim. The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C infection among general population in central region of Yemen. Methods. The study population comprised 2,379 apparently healthy subjects who were screened for hepatitis C antibodies (HCV Abs) status using ELISA quantitative technique. Seroprevalence rate of seropositive subjects was calculated and stratified by age, sex, educational level, and monthly income. Results. The study showed that out of 2,379 subjects, 31 (1.3%) were HCV Abs positive. Higher prevalence of HCV Abs was found among females, 24 (1.01%), than males, 7 (0.29%). The age specific prevalence rose from 00 (0.00%) in subjects aged ≤14 years to a maximum of 9 (0.38%) in subjects aged ≥55 years. The prevalence of HCV Abs was more prevalent in illiterate subjects and increased with decreasing monthly income. Conclusion. It was found that variables including age and educational level were significantly associated with HCV Ab positivity and not associated with gender and monthly income.

Role of nitrosative and oxidative stress in neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objectives:Evidences of oxidative and/or nitrosative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus were demonstrated in experimental and human studies. This study is aimed to assess the serum peroxynitrite and oxidized lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with clinical and laboratory evidences of peripheral neuropathy.Materials and Methods:Eighty four patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (51 of them had neuropathy) and 31 apparent healthy subjects were studied in the unit of neurophysiology at the University Hospital of Medical College, Al-Nahrin University in Baghdad, Iraq. Neuropathy total symptom score (NTSS), neuropathy impairment score in the lower leg (NIS-LL), and nerve conduction velocity of sensory (ulnar and sural) and motor (ulnar and common peroneal) nerves were used to assess the neuropathy. Fasting venous blood was obtained from each participant for the determination of serum glucose and oxidized lipoproteins.Results:The electrophysiology study revealed significant decrease in conduction velocity of ulnar (sensory and motor components), sural, and common peroneal nerves in diabetic neuropathy compared to diabetics without neuropathy and healthy subjects. Significant high level of serum peroxynitrite was found in diabetic patients with or without neuropathy compared with non-diabetics. The changes in serum-oxidized lipoproteins in patients with diabetics with or without neuropathy were non-significantly differed from healthy subjects. Neither nitrosative stress nor oxidative stress indices correlated with the variables that are related to the neuropathy.Conclusion:It concludes that evidence of nitrosative and to less extent the oxidative stress is associated with neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their indices not correlated with variables related to neuropathy.

Abstract: P331 ASSESSMENT OF SOME ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK FACTORS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY SUBJECTS FROM TWO AZOREAN POPULATIONS

P331 Citation: Atherosclerosis Supplement 2009, Vol. 10, Issue 2 ASSESSMENT OF SOME ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK FACTORS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY SUBJECTS FROM TWO AZOREAN POPULATIONS R Ferin, M Lima, ML Pavao CIRN, Universidade Dos Acores, Ponta Delgada, Azores Objectives: In Azores, the death rate from coronary artery disease (CAD) is about twice than in mainland Portugal. The aim of this study was to assess some major risk factors of atherosclerosis-AT (serum lipid profile and apoB and apoA-1 levels) in subjects from two populations in S. Miguel Island. Hypertension and obesity were also considered. Methods: The study group was formed by 147 apparently healthy subjects with no chronic diseases, aged 20 to 60 years, born living, respectively, in the villages of Nordeste –ND (53 men and 39 women) and Povoacao-PV (22 men and 51 women). Clinical information and life habits were also registered. Results: In both groups about 62% of subjects were hyperlipidemic and 30% obese. Hypertension was observed in about 36% in PV and 43% in the ND group. Both apoB levels and apoB/apoA-1 ratio were significantly higher in ND than in the PV subjects, namely in men (31% and 19%, respectively). Also apoA-1 levels in men were 9% higher in ND than in PV. In the ND group, sex-related differences were found in apoB levels and apoB/apoA-1 ratio, being higher in men. In the PV group, apoA-1 levels were significantly lower (15%) in men than in women. Conclusion: Although apparently healthy, most subjects from the two studied populations were hyperlipidemic, mainly due to hypercholesterolemia (TC and LDL-C). However, HDL-C was at high levels (60 mg/dL) in both groups. The coexistence of dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity (26% of cases in ND and 17% in PV group) can aggravate the risk of developing AT (and CAD), which is higher in ND than in PV, mainly in men. ApoB/apoA-1 ratio revealed to be a simpler index of atherogenic risk than the classic serum lipid profile. Funding: DRCT (Project M.2.1.2/F/009/2007) and CIRN.

Functional mobility performance in an elderly population with lumbar spinal stenosis

Objectives:To compare the functional mobility (FM) of elderly apparently healthy (AH) subjects and patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the FM tests. Design:Using the test-retest paradigm, FM performance was assessed in AH subjects. A single FM assessment was conducted on a group of LSS subjects. Between-group performance comparisons were made with the AH subjects and the LSS patients. Setting:Orthopedic clinical practice (LSS subjects) and university laboratory (AH subjects). Participants:Fifty-seven patients seen in an orthopedic clinical practice for LSS and 96 AH subjects who were volunteers identified from among participants of The Lifelong Learning Society at Florida Atlantic University. Interventions:Treadmill walk (TW) test (at 53.6m/min, 1 % increase in grade per min) until 70% of the predicted maximum heart rate was achieved or associated pain made participation uncomfortable. Three trials each of a sit-to-stand (SS, rise from chair as quickly as possible without using arms) and a weight-carrying (WC, walk 20m as quickly as possible for time carrying 10% of the body weight evenly distributed in hand-held weights) test. The AH group repeated all tests on a separate day. Main Outcome Measures:Time to walk treadmill, stand from sitting position, walk 20 meters, and analysis of variance between groups. Results:Significant between-group differences were found for the TW, SS, and WC tests. Test-retest r values of .839 for the TW, .848 for the SS, and .833 for the WC were observed. Conclusions:The AH group demonstrated greater FM than the LSS group. The performance disparity between groups may suggest context validity, while the AH groups test-retest stability reflects reliability.

Evaluation of Serum High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP) In Type-2 Diabetic Patient

Type-2 diabetes may remain in subclinical form for years before diagnosis. This quiescence of type-2 diabetes is a great concern for health care providers. The earliest change of the type-2 diabetes is the insulin resistance, which is associated with the increased macrovascular risk due to induction of chronic inflammation in the vessels of the body which leads to atherosclerotic change in the vessels. High sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) is the measure of C-reactive protein with greater accuracy and the lower limit of its assay is .01 mg/L which is more than 100 times as sensitive as the usual CRP measurement (lower limit 5 mg/L). The median level of hs-CRP from blood samples of apparent healthy subjects is 0.8 mg/L. For this, physician uses the hs-CRP parameter as a marker of chronic inflammation in apparently normal healthy individuals, specially for the assessment of atherosclerosis, which is a chronic inflammatory procedure from the very beginning, in type-2 diabetic, obese and hypertensive patients. This vascular atherosclerosis assessment help them to calculate the cardiovascular as well as cerebrovascular risk of those patients. To help the type-2 diabetic patients from the very begining in respect of the prognostic view of the macrovascular risk, estimations of serum hs-CRP in the early stage of these patient may be a enthusiastic one. This descriptive study was carried out by choosing 70 diabetic patient who had no other comorbidity or any complications of diabetes and 35 healthy subjects who were neither diabetic nor had any diseases. Both the groups were non-smoker and non-alcoholic and non-hypertensive, hs-CRP level was measured in both the groups along with the HbA1c%. The mean hs-CRP in diabetic group was 1.13 mg/L and in normal healthy subjects was 0.39 mg/L. This higher level of mean hs-CRP (1.13 mg/L) in diabetic patients is statisticaly significant (P&lt;0.01) compared with that of the normal healthy subjects mean hs-CRP (0.39 mg/L). This mean level of hs-CRP in normal healthy subjects was below the lower level of cardiovascular risk (1 mg/L). Keywords: High sensitivity CRP, C-reactive protein, diabetes DOI:10.3329/jom.v11i1.4263 J Medicine 2010: 11: 20-23