Anxiety State Of Patients Research Articles

2591. Anxiety and depression among patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease in Shanghai: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background To understand the mental health status and its influencing factors among patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease and to provide a reference for medical staff to formulate scientific and feasible intervention strategies. Methods A total of 114 patients diagnosed with non-tuberculous mycobacillosis during hospitalization in the Department of Infection from September 2020 to April 2021 were selected as the research participants. Participants’ mental health status and related factors were evaluated using a self-made general patient information questionnaire, self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results Among 114 patients with non-tuberculous mycosis, 61 (53.51%) exhibited depressive symptoms, and the SDS score was 51.15 ± 13.04, which was higher than the national norm of 41.88 ± 10.57 (P < 0.05); further, 39 patients (34.21%) showed anxiety symptoms, and the SAS score was 45.75 ± 10.81, which was significantly higher than the national norm of 29.78 ± 10.07 (P < 0.05). Body mass index and monthly household income had significant effects on depression in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease (P < 0.05). Educational level had a significant effect on the anxiety state of patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease (P < 0.05). Conclusion Patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease are prone to depression and anxiety. Nurses should pay attention to it in clinical work for the timely identification of and intervention for anxiety and depression and intervene. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Anxiety and depression among patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study.

To understand the mental health status and its influencing factors among patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease and to provide a reference for medical staff to formulate scientific and feasible intervention strategies. A total of 114 patients diagnosed with non-tuberculous mycobacillosis during hospitalization in the Department of Infection from September 2020 to April 2021 were selected as the research participants. Participants' mental health status and related factors were evaluated using a self-made general patient information questionnaire, self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Among 114 patients with non-tuberculous mycosis, 61 (53.51%) exhibited depressive symptoms, and the SDS score was 51.15 ± 13.04, which was higher than the national norm of 41.88 ± 10.57 (p < 0.05); further, 39 patients (34.21%) showed anxiety symptoms, and the SAS score was 45.75 ± 10.81, which was significantly higher than the national norm of 29.78 ± 10.07 (p < 0.05). Body mass index and monthly household income had significant effects on depression in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease (p < 0.05). Educational level had a significant effect on the anxiety state of patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease (p < 0.05). Patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease are prone to depression and anxiety. Nurses should pay attention to it in clinical work for the timely identification of and intervention for anxiety and depression and intervene.

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation for post-stroke depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveThe aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on post-stroke depression (PSD). MethodsDatabases were searched through February 2021. Randomized Controlled Trial(RCT) investigating the efficacy of tDCS in PSD using a standardized depression scale as outcome measure was included. The Cochrane Manual of Systematic Evaluation 5.1.0 bias risk assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Effect sizes were calculated from extracted data and combined for an overall summary statistic. ResultsEight studies involving 412 patients were included. These trials revealed a significant pooled effect size (standardized mean differences(SMD) = 1.61, 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.02–2.19, P < 0.00001). For the subgroup analyses, neither comparisons of high- vs low-intensity or left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex vs primary motor cortex revealed a significant result. tDCS had no obvious effect on the anxiety state in patients with PSD(SMD = 1.09, 95% CI, −0.22 to 2.40, P = 0.10), while it resulted in improved ability of daily life(ADL) in these patients(SMD = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.16–1.48, P = 0.01) ConclusionstDCS has an effect on improvement in PSD, while it is still not clear which stimulus program is best. SignificanceFurther trials with larger sample sizes are needed to determine the best and most effective tDCS regimen and to realize potential clinical applications.

Cerebral Perfusion Patterns of Anxiety State in Patients With Pulmonary Nodules: A Study of Cerebral Blood Flow Based on Arterial Spin Labeling.

Background and PurposeThe proportion of patients with somatic diseases associated with anxiety is increasing each year, and pulmonary nodules have become a non-negligible cause of anxiety, the mechanism of which is unclear. The study focus on the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of anxiety in patients with pulmonary nodules to explore the cerebral perfusion pattern of anxiety associated with pulmonary nodules, blood perfusion status and mode of pulmonary nodule induced anxiety state.Materials and MethodsPatients with unconfirmed pulmonary nodules were evaluated by Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). The total score > 14 was defined as anxiety group, and the total score ≤ 14 points was defined as non-anxiety group. A total of 38 patients were enrolled, of which 19 patients were the anxiety group and 19 were the non-anxiety group. All subjects underwent arterial spin labeling imaging using a 3.0 T MRI. A two-sample t-test was performed to compare the CBF between the two groups. The CBF was extracted in brain regions with difference, and Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between CBF and HAMA scores; ROC was used to analyze the performance of CBF to distinguish between the anxiety group and the non-anxiety group.ResultsThe CBF in the right insula/Heschl’s cortex of the anxiety group decreased (cluster = 109, peak t = 4.124, and P < 0.001), and the CBF in the right postcentral gyrus increased (cluster = 53, peak t = −3.912, and P < 0.001) in the anxiety group. But there was no correlation between CBF and HAMA score. The ROC analysis of the CBF of the right insula/Heschl’s cortex showed that the AUC was 0.856 (95%CI, 0.729, 0.983; P < 0.001), the optimal cutoff value of the CBF was 50.899, with the sensitivity of 0.895, and specificity of 0.789. The ROC analysis of CBF in the right postcentral gyrus showed that the AUC was 0.845 (95%CI, 0.718, 0.972; P < 0.001), the optimal cutoff value of CBF was 43.595, with the sensitivity of 0.737, and specificity of 0.842.ConclusionThe CBF of the right insula/Heschl’s cortex decreased and the CBF of the right postcentral gyrus increased in patients with pulmonary nodules under anxiety state, and the CBF of the aforementioned brain regions can accurately distinguish the anxiety group from the non-anxiety group.

The effect of ovarian function suppression on the psychological status of breast cancer patients under 35 years old in China

Objective: To explore whether the addition of ovarian function suppression in endocrine therapy of Chinese breast cancer patients under 35 years old will affect the psychological state. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 91 Chinese postoperative breast cancer patients aged 35 years or younger. The depression and anxiety state of patients were assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and their sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Results: Among the 91 patients, 61 were receiving ovarian function suppression (OFS) treatment, 30 were not. Among the 30 patients with out OFS treatment, 2 had PHQ-9 score ≥8, 28 had PHQ-9 score < 8, 1 had GAD-7 score ≥10, and 29 had GAD-7 score < 10. Among the 61 patients with OFS, 19 had PHQ-9 score ≥8, 42 had PHQ-9 score < 8, 8 had GAD-7 score ≥10, and 53 had GAD-7 score <10. The incidence of depression was 6.7% and 31.1% in the non-OFS group and OFS group, respectively (P=0.018). The incidence of anxiety in the two groups was 3.3% and 13.1%, respectively (P=0.174). Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of depression was significantly higher in patients with OFS (P=0.018). After taking into account the sociodemographic factors, pathological stage and treatment of the patients, multivariate analysis showed that the administration of OFS was still significantly related to the incidence of depression (OR=9.14, 95% CI=1.52~55.16, P=0.016). There was no significant difference in the incidence of anxiety (P=0.174). Conclusions: For Chinese young breast cancer patients under 35 years old, the use of OFS in the adjuvant endocrine therapy may lead to a significant increase in the incidence of depression. We should pay attention to the evaluation and monitoring of the psychological state of this population.

T75. METABOLIC SYNDROME AND HEAR RATE VARIABILITY IN SCHIZOPHRENIC INPATIENTS

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between metabolic syndrome and markers of heart rate variability (HRV) in chronic schizophrenic inpatientsMethodsA total of 99 schizophrenic inpatients was included in this study. Metabolic syndrome of patients was defined according to the revised NCEP-ATP III criteria. HRV was measured by SA-3000P (Medi-core, Seoul, Korea). Psychopathology, anxiety state of patients, psychosocial functional state and subjective well-being were examined by Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAM-A), Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment (SOFAS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), respectively. Comparisons of data were done between patients with metabolic syndrome and without metabolic syndrome.ResultsFifty-four (54.5%) of 99 patients had satisfied the criteria of metabolic syndrome. Patients with metabolic syndrome showed significant higher negative symptoms scores in PANSS (p<0.05) and HAM-A scores (p<0.05) than patients without metabolic syndrome. Age, sex, smoking status, age at onset, duration of illness, scores of SOFAS and SWLS were not differed between two groups. Data of HRV were transformed to log values to satisfy the hypothesis of normal distribution of curve. SDNN of Time domain was significantly differed between two groups (p<0.05). Activation of autonomic nerve, resistance of stress, index of stress, rate of fatigue and heart stability were also significantly differed between groups (p<0.05, respectively). Multiple linear regression was done to explore which factors were associated with HRV and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was negatively influenced to InTP, InVLF, InLF and InHF of HRV (frequency domain).DiscussionThis study suggested that metabolic syndrome was negatively influenced to the frequency domain of HRV in chronic schizophrenic patients.

Educational video improves bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unsatisfactory bowel preparation has been reported in 1/3 of colonoscopy cases, with lack of good bowel preparation knowledge being one of the major causes. Although still unclear, educational video is thought to be a good method of improving bowel preparation. A systematic review of eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the educational video to control group among 1,977 patients was conducted. PubMed, Embase, Clinical Trials.gov, Cochrane Library, and reference lists were searched for relevant reported studies from inception until June 2019. Outcomes of interest included adequate bowel preparation, Ottawa scores, polyp detection, withdraw time, pain scores, and the anxiety state of patients. Besides random events meta-analyses, we also performed a sensitivity analysis to examine whether the results of the meta-analysis were robust. Compared with the conventional group, the educational video group had significantly higher incidence of adequate bowel preparation [overall risk ratio (RR) =1.20, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.25, P<0.001], lower total Ottawa scores [overall standard mean difference (SMD) =-0.66, 95% CI: -0.91, -0.42, P<0.001]. However, there was no statistical difference in polyp detection, and withdraw time between the educational video and conventional groups (P>0.05). In addition, there were no sufficient RCTs to compare the pain scores and anxiety state of patients between the two groups through meta-analysis. Our findings have demonstrated that educational video can improve bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy.

Effect of stress inoculation training on psychological state and the fertility quality of life in infertility patients

Objective To explore the effects of stress inoculation training (SIT) on anxiety, coping style and the infertility quality of life of the female patients. Methods This study was a prospective non randomized control study. Totally 126 female infertility patients who were hospitalized in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital from September 2017 to June 2018 were selected as the study objects. According to the order of admission, they were divided into control group and intervention group, with 63 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing intervention, and the intervention group received 2 months of SIT on the basis of routine nursing. Before and after intervention, the patients in the two groups were assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) , Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and Fertility Quality of Life Questionnaire (FertiQoL) . Results After 2 months of SIT, the scores of S-AI and T-AI in STAI of the intervention group were (38.91±10.54) , (38.98±8.43) , the score of PC in TCSQ was (36.40±6.80) , the scores of emotional subscale, the treatment environment subscale and the treatment tolerability subscale in FertiQoL were (68.24±9.68) , (69.10±7.86) , (66.98±14.63) , the scores of the treatment FertiQoL and the total FertiQoL were (68.04±8.36) , (69.92±6.80) respectively, which were better than those in the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05) . Conclusions SIT can reduce the anxiety state of patients with infertility, improve the positive response of patients, and improve the quality of reproductive life of patients, but it still suggests that medical staff should pay attention to the long-term relationship between husband and wife and social relations of patients with infertility. Key words: Infertility; Coping style; Anxiety; Stress inoculation training; Fertility quality of life

Development of a Wearable Electroencephalographic Device for Anxiety Monitoring1

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the U.S. affecting nearly 40 10 adults (18% of the U.S. Population). It has been shown that patients with recurring anxiety tend to be more suicidal and prone to depression [1,2]. Anxiety has also been proven to be an impeding factor in the rehabilitation time of subjects suffering from various diseases ranging from pulmonary afflictions [3] to cancer [4]. Detection of anxiety is commonly done through various tests conducted by psychologists [5], which are time consuming and not necessarily accurate. Recently, electroencephalographic (EEG) data have been shown to be useful in the case of most anxiety patients to detect the levels of anxiety [6–8]. Two of the key areas of the brain that are known to be affected by patients suffering from social anxiety are the occipital and frontal lobes [9,10]. EEG data are best explained through rhythms in the frequency domain: delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (7–12 Hz), beta (12–30 Hz), and gamma (>30 Hz). Research in the field has shown that changes in the alpha feedback are commonly seen in high anxiety and neurotic patients [11,12] and alpha EEG biofeedback is commonly used in the management of anxiety [13,14]. It has also been suggested that anxiety can be detected through analysis of alpha-theta and theta waves of the EEG signals [15,16] while theta waves are most commonly seen in the case of animal experimentation of anxiety and fear [17]. Considering the importance of real-time observation and management of anxiety states in patients, we developed a wearable EEG device for anxiety monitoring and investigated the influence of induced anxiety on the responses of the brainwaves obtained from the occipital lobes.

Psychological impact of lifestyle-related disease disclosure at general checkup: a prospective cohort study.

BackgroundLittle is known about psychological impact of disclosing lifestyle-related diseases. Previous studies discussed the long-term psychological impact of disease disclosure, and a significant psychological impact was not observed.This study clarified the psychological impact on anxiety state of patients when lifestyle-related diseases are disclosed at general checkups for local residents.In particular, this study evaluated the short-term impact on patients, and how the notification of abnormal values and the disclosure of disease at general checkups affect patients’ subsequent behavioral changes.MethodsThe study design was a prospective cohort study. We compared the anxiety state of participants using a self-administered anxiety assessment scale, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), before and after Physician’s explanation of abnormal values in markers of lifestyle-related diseases. The participants were those between the age of 40 and 75 years who underwent general checkups at two primary care facilities. In addition, we assessed the effects on lifestyle habits and the psychological impact caused by general checkup using STAI and a survey on behavioral changes one month after the checkup.ResultsThe valid response rate at the survey of the general checkup was 92% (534/578). Of those who showed abnormal levels in markers of lifestyle-related diseases, anxiety was augmented significantly among those who responded that the physician had told them of their diagnosis compared to those who responded that the physician had not told them of their diagnosis (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.007). The percentage of patients whose state anxiety scale of STAI increased ≥5 points was 30% in the disease disclosed group (33/111) and 17% in the disease undisclosed group (27/159), respectively. The risk ratio was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1–2.0). One month after the general checkup, overall anxiety diminished regardless of whether diagnosis of lifestyle-related diseases was disclosed to patients notified of abnormal values. In addition, improvements in daily life behaviors as a result of notification of abnormalities or disclosure of diagnosis at general checkup were not observed.ConclusionEven in a general checkup for the general population, disclosing non-critical diseases such as lifestyle-related diseases exacerbated anxiety as a short-term psychological impact.

The effects of inhalation aromatherapy on anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction: a randomized clinical trial.

Background:Anxiety is an important mental health problem in patients with cardiac disease. Anxiety reduces patients’ quality of life and increases the risk of different cardiac complications.Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inhalation aromatherapy on anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction.Patients and Methods:This was a randomized clinical trial conduced on 68 patients with myocardial infarction hospitalized in coronary care units of a large-scale teaching hospital affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran in 2013. By using the block randomization technique, patients were randomly assigned to experimental (33 patients receiving inhalation aromatherapy with lavender aroma twice a day for two subsequent days) and control (35 patients receiving routine care of study setting including no aromatherapy) groups. At the beginning of study and twenty minutes after each aromatherapy session, anxiety state of patients was assessed using the Spielberger’s State Anxiety Inventory. Data was analyzed using SPSS v. 16.0. We used Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, independent-samples T-test and repeated measures analysis of variance to analyze the study data.Results:The study groups did not differ significantly regarding baseline anxiety mean and demographic characteristics. However, after the administration of aromatherapy, anxiety mean in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group.Conclusions:Inhalation aromatherapy with lavender aroma can reduce anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction. Consequently, healthcare providers, particularly nurses, can use this strategy to improve postmyocardial infarction anxiety management.

Influence of psychological intervention while making appointment on anxiety state of patients undergoing hysterosalpingography

Objective To explore the influence of psychological intervention while making appointment on the anxiety state of the patients undergoing hysterosalpingography(HSG).Methods 200 patients undergoing HSG were randomly divided into an observation group (100 cases) and a control group (100 cases).The control group was given routine guidance of HSG and conventional psychological nursing.In addition,the observation group was given corresponding psychological intervention.Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to assess the anxiety state of the patients when they made HSG appointment and after the examination.Satisfaction survey was conducted in both groups.Results There was no statistical difference in SAS score between the observation group and the control group before HSG (P ＞ 0.05).However,the SAS score was statistically lower in the observation group than in the control group after HSG (P ＜ 0.05).The SAS score was lower after the examination than that when making the appointment in the observation group.The satisfaction degree was statistically higher in the observation group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Corresponding psychological intervention can improve the anxiety state when patients make HSG appointment and guarantee the examination being carried out smoothly. Key words: Hysterosalpingography; Anxiety; Psychological intervention

Anxiety state and serum angiontensin II levels in patients with vitiligo

Objective To evaluate the possible correlation between anxiety state and serum angiontensin Ⅱ levels in patients with vitiligo.Methods Sixty patients with progressive vitiligo and 30 normal human controls were included in this study.Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) was used to evaluate the anxiety state,and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the serum level of angiontensin Ⅱ,in these subjects.Results SAS score was significantly increased in patients compared with the controls (46.13 ±11.72 vs.36.73 ± 12.59,t =3.50,P ＜ 0.01),and 48.3％ of the patients were affected by anxiety.The SAS score and prevalence of anxiety were statistically higher in female than in male patients (t =2.47,x2 =4.58,both P ＜ 0.05),in unmarried than in married patients (t =2.59,P ＜ 0.01; x2 =6.17,P ＜ 0.05),in patients with lesions on exposed areas than in those with lesions on unexposed areas (t =3.60,P ＜ 0.01; x2 =5.84,P ＜0.05).In patients affected by anxiety,the level of serum angiontensin Ⅱ was significantly elevated compared with patients without anxiety (63.83 ± 10.92 vs.40.74 ± 8.70 ng/L,t =9.09,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Patients with vitiligo are usually affected by anxiety.The serum level of angiontensin Ⅱ is closely correlated with anxiety state in patients with vitiligo as well as with the development of vitiligo,and may have an impact on the initiation and progression of vitiligo.

A study of effect of music therapy in procedures for prolapsing haemorrhoidectomy

Objective To discuss the effect of music therapy in procedures for prolapsing haemorrhoidectmy. Methods Dividing 100 patients who are going to take treatment of prolapsing haemorrhoidectomy into the music group and the control group randomly. The music group will be treated with both regular care and music therapy after they are in the operation room, while the control group is only treated with regular care. Measure the anxiety state, blood pressure and heart rate in the two groups before and in operation. Results There is no statistic significant difference of the anxiety state, blood pressure and heart rate between the two groups before operation （P 〉 0.05）. The anxiety state of the music group in operation is much lower than that in the control group（ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and blood pressure and the fluctuation range of heart rate of the music group in operation are smaller than that in the control group （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Music therapy could relieve the anxiety state of patients in the procedures for prolapsing haemorrhoidectomy and stabilize blood pressure and heart rate of the patients, so it is worthwhile to promote the procedures for prolapsing haemorrhoidectomy in clinics. Key words: Music therapy; Treatment outcome; Procedures for prolapsing haemorrhoidectomy

Evaluation of the anxiety state in patients receiving radioiodine treatment or who undergo a sentinel lymph node examination in the Nuclear Medicine Department

Objective To analyze the presence of anxiety in patients referred to a Nuclear Medicine Department (NMD). Material and methods A total of 148 patients were included: 67 were referred for radioiodine therapy, 48 with hyperthyroidism (HT), 19 with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), and 81 were referred for detection and biopsy of the sentinel node in breast cancer (BC). The following documents were filled out: personal data, a state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), a scale of pre-disposing factors causing anxiety and an information questionnaire. Anxiety-predisposing factors and the influence of the information on the presence of anxiety were studied. Results HT patients: 47% had anxiety in the moment of the visit that was not related to the level of information received. The factor that worried them the most was the radioiodine administration. Being the first visit to a NMD significantly influenced ( p < 0.05) on the presence of anxiety. DTC patients: 42% had anxiety in the moment of the visit not related to the level of information received. The factor that worried them the most was the illness itself. No factor had a significant influence on the presence of anxiety. BC patients: 53% had anxiety in the moment of the visit that was not related to the level of information received. What worried them the most were the results. Having anxiety and/or depression significantly influenced ( p < 0.05) the presence of anxiety. Conclusion The quantity of information given before a procedure in a NMD does not influence the presence of anxiety. Nevertheless, it is our duty to give the best possible information.

Metabolic characteristics of brain structures during conscious and unconscious anxiety

Metabolic processes accompanying conscious and unconscious anxiety states in patients with multiple sclerosis were studied. The correspondence between glucose metabolism rates (evaluated using positron emission tomography images) and indices of conscious and unconscious anxiety (according to the Taylor and Luscher test scores) was estimated. Data on the specific features of brain activity at various levels of conscious and unconscious anxiety were obtained. The elevation of conscious anxiety was accompanied by an increase in the metabolic activity of the left-hemisphere cortical and subcortical structures, as well as by a decrease in the glucose metabolism rate in the majority of right-hemisphere structures (except limbic and thalamic structures). The elevation of unconscious anxiety was accompanied by a decrease in the rate of glucose metabolism in the left frontal structures, whereas in the amygdala, as well as in the other limbic structures (gyrus temporalis inferior), its rate increased.

Effect of Telling the True Diagnosis on Anxiety State in Patients with Oral Tumor

Effect of Telling the True Diagnosis on Anxiety State in Patients with Oral Tumor