Antioxidant Activity Of Methanolic Extracts Research Articles

Functional constituents (micronutrients and phytochemicals) and antioxidant activity of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves

The Centella asiatica is a surface growing plant and has great potential in herbal industry. Its leaves are also used as vegetable or flavoring agents. The present study investigated the genetic influence on phytochemistry of C. asiatica using 11 collections from Andaman Islands. The study showed significant (p<0.05) variations in dietary micronutrients, potential antioxidants, and antioxidant activity. The analysis of leaves (100g) showed wide range for micronutrients like Mn (25.2–90.1mg), Cu (2.9–46.8mg), Na (23.6–697.7mg), Zn (16.6–122.9mg), Ca (1354.9–2870.8mg), Fe (112.4–247.2mg), and Mg (398.0–757.4mg). Phytochemical analysis of 100g fresh leaves of C. asiatica genotypes showed wide range for phenolics (120.0–318.0mg), flavonoids (111.8–260.6mg), tannin (206.6–856.6mg), anthocyanin (176.2–315.2mg), carotenoids (12.5–72.6mg) and ascorbic acid (36.6–96.6mg). Carotenoids and phenolics compounds were validated in composite leaf samples of tested genotypes with RP-HPLC analysis. Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts ranged from 72.0 to 85.7% which showed significantly positive correlation with anthocyanin (r=0.75; p<0.05), total phenol (r=0.53; p<0.05), flavonoids (r=0.56, p<0.05), and tannin (r=0.42; p<0.05). The study revealed the genotype affect on functional compounds and identified genotypes for use herbal or breeding purpose.

Antidiabetic, renal/hepatic/pancreas/cardiac protective and antioxidant potential of methanol/dichloromethane extract of Albizzia Lebbeck Benth. stem bark (ALEx) on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

BackgroundHypoglycemic and/or anti-hyperglycemic activities have been recorded with numerous plants, many of which are used as traditional herbal treatments of diabetes. Albizzia Lebbeck Benth. stem bark have been used in traditional medicine along with some preliminary reports on its hypoglycemic action. The aim of present investigation was to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of stem bark of Albizzia Lebbeck Benth. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.MethodsThe powdered stem bark of Albizzia Lebbeck Benth.. was extracted with methanol (MeOH) using soxhlation method and subjected to phytochemical analysis. The methanol/dichloromethane extract of Albizzia Lebbeck Benth. (ALEx) was concentrated to dryness using Rotary Evaporator. Diabetes was experimentally induced in the rats by single intraperitoneal administration of Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). They glycemic control was measured by the blood glucose, glycated heamoglobin and plasma insulin. The oxidative stress was evaluated in the liver and kidney by level of antioxidant markers and various biochemical parameters were assessed in diabetic control and extract treated rats.ResultsStreptozotocin induced diabetic rats depicted the increased blood glucose levels, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), diminished level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level and perturb level of antioxidant markers. Oral administration of MeAL at a concentration of 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg b.w daily for 30 days results a momentous decrease in fasting blood glucose, glycated heamoglobin and enhancement of plasma insulin level as compared with STZ induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, it significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the level of TC, TG, and LDL-c, VLDL-c. While it increases the level of HDL-c to a significant (p < 0.05) level. The treatment also resulted in a marked increase in reduced glutathione, glutathione Peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase and diminished level of lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of STZ induced diabetic rats. Histopathological studies suggest the diminution in the pancreatic, liver and cardiac muscle damage.ConclusionOur research exertion clearly indicates the considerable antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant & pancreas/renal/hepatic/cardiac protective action of ALEx.

Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Contents in Methanol Extracts from Swietenia Mahagoni and Andrographis Paniculata

Traditional medicinal plants such as Swietenia mahagoni and Andrographis paniculata are rich with bioactive compounds. The phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of methanol extract from Swietenia mahagoni and Andrographis paniculata were studied. They were extracted by Soxhlet extraction of 70% methanol solvent. The results obtained from this study showed Andrographis paniculata gave highest percentage yield by 19.94% compared to Swietenia mahagoni at 11.86%. In antioxidant activity, Andrographis paniculata and Swietenia mahagoni showed 89.93% and 60.77% respectively. While for total phenolic content highest in extract of Swietenia mahagoni by 55.0 mg/g and Andrographis paniculata only 7.7 mg/g.

Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activities and Heat Stability of Corn Oil Enriched with Tunisian Citrus aurantium L. Peel Extract

AbstractThis study was designed to examine physicochemical composition, antioxidant activities and heat stability of corn oil enriched with bitter orange peel. Volatile compounds composition of corn oil flavored with Citrus aurantium peel was investigated. Flavored oil total aroma content (2.6 mg/mg oil) was mainly represented by monoterpene hydrocarbons and limonene was the major one (2.49 mg/mg oil). Flavored oil methanolic extract was characterized by total phenol content of 1.22 mg GAE/kg. Chlorogenic, ferulic and p‐coumaric acids were the major phenolic components of the flavored oil extract (34.33, 30.24 and 19.39 %, respectively). It was also characterized by a higher chlorophylls and carotenoids contents than the refined one. Antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of both samples were determined using four assays: DPPH, reducing power, β‐carotene bleaching and metal chelating tests. In β‐carotene bleaching and DPPH radical scavenging assays, flavored oil methanolic extract showed higher activities than the control. It was characterized by a total antioxidant activity of 4.08 mg GAE/kg and an EC50 value of 3.14 mg/mg oil. Its concentration providing 50 % inhibition (IC50) was 0.53 mg/mg oil in the DPPH test and 4.08 mg/mg oil in the β‐carotene bleaching test. However, refined corn extract showed significantly lower antioxidant activities (p &lt; 0.05). Results of the oxidative stability index showed bitter orange peel effectiveness against thermal oxidation based on the increased induction time observed in flavored oil (5.95).

Screening of Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract of Citrullus Colocynthis Seeds

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary MedicineVol. 20, No. 5 Education ResearchScreening of Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract of Citrullus Colocynthis SeedsGurpreet Singh BalGurpreet Singh BalSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:7 May 2014https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.5278.abstractAboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View article"Screening of Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract of Citrullus Colocynthis Seeds." The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 20(5), p. A105FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 20Issue 5May 2014 InformationCopyright 2014, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:Gurpreet Singh Bal.Screening of Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract of Citrullus Colocynthis Seeds.The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.May 2014.A105-A105.http://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.5278.abstractPublished in Volume: 20 Issue 5: May 7, 2014PDF download

Anti-oxidant activity of methanolic extract of Ficus religiosa linn bark by using DPPH ((1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl)

Ficus religiosa is also called as Peepal belongs to family Moraceae, is potentially distributed in india-sub Himalaya,bihar, Orissa, and west Bengal. The tree is found wild or cultivated nearly thought India is considered to be one of the world's most invasive tree and has the potential to spread across central India and upper genetic plain.The medicinal values of plant lie in their component phytochemical such as sterols, terpenoid, coumarins, tannins, and other nutrients like as amino acid, proteins, which produce a definite physiological action on the human body. The present study is aimed an Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts by using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH assay is based on the measurement of the scavenging ability of antioxidant towards the stable DPPH radical. DPPH is a stable free radical at room temperature and accepts an electron or hydrogen radical to become a stable diamagnetic molecule.The reduction capability of the DPPH radical is determined by the decrease in its absorbance at 517 nm, induced by antioxidants.The absorption maximum of a stable DPPH radical in methanol was at 517 nm.

Micropropagation of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.: production of phenolics and flavonoids and evaluation of antioxidant activity

Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., a valuable medicinal plant, was successfully propagated in vitro using shoot tip explants. Shoot multiplication was performed in glass tubes and in a nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. A mixture of 0.1 mg L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1.0 mg L−1 of 6-benzylaminopurine in Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar-solidified medium proved the best combination for multiple shoot induction, yielding 8.2 shoots per explant after 4 weeks of culture in glass tubes. The number of shoots increased to 21 per explant when the same combination of growth regulators was used in a nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. The shoots rooted with a frequency of 93 % after 6 weeks of culture on MS agar medium supplemented with IAA (0.1 mg L−1) before being acclimatized in the greenhouse. The antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts from the leaves and roots of the in vitro-regenerated plants of R. glutinosa cultivated in the greenhouse were evaluated using four in vitro assays: scavenging of free radicals (DPPH and ABTS), transition metal reduction and total antioxidant activity phosphomolybdenum test. In all cases, the methanolic extract from leaves demonstrated better antioxidant activity than those taken from roots. A strong correlation was found between total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the antioxidant capacity of the studied extracts.

ANTIOXIDANT PROFILE OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM METHANOLIC EXTRACT

Methanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum (coriander) seeds was analyzed for the presence of various antioxidants; ascorbate, riboflavin, tocopherol, polyphenols and in vitro antioxidant potential. The extract, rich in polyphenolic compounds (18.696 ± 0.12 mg/g dry seeds) was subjected to HPLC analysis for identification and quantification of phenolics. Gallic acid (173.656 μg), caffeic acid (80.185 μg), ellagic acid (162.861 μg), quercetin (608.903 μg) and kaempferol (233.70 μg)/g dry seeds were identified. Antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by various mechanisms including DPPH free radical scavenging, metal induced protein and lipid oxidation inhibition and protection of DNA against H2O2 induced damage. Coriander had excellent free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value 0.4 mg dry seed weight, whereas comparatively higher IC50 was observed with metal ion chelating assays (7.2-8.0 mg dry seed weight). The results suggest that polyphenols including gallic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin and kaempferol are the principle component responsible for high antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of coriander seeds. This is the first report on detailed analysis of antioxidant composition and antioxidant properties of methanolic extract of coriander seeds.

Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extracts from Four Different Rose Cultivars

Rose petals have been used as a food ingredient in teas, cakes, and flavor extracts. The objectives of this study were to determine antioxidant components and antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of four different rose cultivars (Macarena, Onnuri, Oklahoma, Colorado). The contents of total polyphenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins in rose methanol extracts (RMEs) were measured by spectrophotometric methods. 2,2’-Azino-bris-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, chelating activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation have been used to investigate the antioxidant activities of RMEs. Results showed that Oklahoma had the highest polyphenol (129.8 ± 7.3 mg/1 g RMEs), flavonoids (23.7 ± 0.2 mg/1 g RMEs), and anthocyanins (18.699±0.354 mg/1 g RMEs) contents, Oklahoma also exhibited the highest DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation except metal chelating effect. This study provides basic information useful to determine the best rose cultivar with high antioxidant components and activities.

Hepatoprotective effect of polyphenols rich methanolic extract of Amorphophallus commutatus var. wayanadensis against CCl4 induced hepatic injury in swiss albino mice

The present study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Amorphophallus commutatus var. wayanadensis against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in mice models. Hepatic injury was induced by injecting 0.2% CCl4 in olive oil intra peritoneally on 15th day of drug administration. Hepatoprotective activity was evaluated by estimating the levels of serum markers like alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin and histopathological studies. Antioxidant potential of the extract was estimated by measuring the levels of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total reduced glutathione in the liver samples. Histopathological and biochemical results elicited the methanolic extract of A. commutatus has significant hepatoprotective activity comparable to the standard silymarin. The extract also showed dose dependent increase of antioxidant enzymes in CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity models. The methanolic extract of A. commutatus showed significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity which might be attributed due to the polyphenolic compounds present in the extract.

In Vitro Screening for Anti-Cholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants Used for Cognitive Disorders

Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is still considered as the main therapeutic strategy against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Many plant derived phytochemicals have shown AChE inhibitory activity in addition to the currently approved drugs for AD. In the present study, methanolic extracts of 20 plants used in Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine for improving cognitive function were screened for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity by Ellman’s microplate colorimetric method. Out of 20 extracts, Emblica officinalis, Nardostachys jatamansi, Nelumbo nucifera, Punica granatum and Raulfia Serpentina showed IC50 values <100 µg/ml for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Antioxidant activities of these plants were assessed by DPPH scavenging assay. Among the extracts used, antioxidant activity was highest for Terminalia chebula and Emblica officinalis with IC50 values <10 µg/ml. Considering the complex multifactorial etiology of AD, these plant extracts will be safer and better candidates for the future disease modifying therapies against this devastating disease.

Dynamic Changes in Antioxidant Activity during Floral Development of Couroupita guianensis

Aims: To establish and optimize the in vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of flower of C. guianensis at different developmental stages. Place and Duration of Study: Plant Physiology and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, between December 2010 and November 2011. Methodology: The antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of C. guianensis flower of different developmental stages were investigated spectrophotometrically against DPPH, ABTS, H2O2, NO, superoxide, hydroxyl radical and lipid peroxidation, along with ferric reducing power, metal chelating and β-carotene bleaching assay were performed. Total phenols, flavonoids and ortho-dihydric phenols were also determined by folin-ciocalteu, aluminium chloride and Arnow's reagent based standard methods respectively. Results: The methanolic extract of floral stage-I was found to possess higher level of phenolic content, flavonoids as well as ortho-dihydric phenol content. The younger floral stages, stage-I and stage-II were observed with highly potential free radical scavenging activity, while stage-III showed highest degradation rate for β-carotene bleaching assay and stage-IV showed highest anti-lipid per oxidation activity against thiobarbituric acid. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the early floral stage showed the highest polyphenolic content and best antioxidant activity, therefore the early stages of this flower is suggested as the best harvest stage for medicinal purposes. Further studies are required for the isolation of active principles responsible for its antioxidant activity.

Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Marjoram plant (Origanium Majorana L.) in CCl 4-intoxicated rats.

Aim: This work was performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Marjoram plant (Origanium Majorana L.) in CCl4- intoxicated rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 25 mature albino rats (Sprague Dawley) from both sexes, weighting from140 to 170 g were used. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups each of 5 animals. These groups were used to investigate the in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of the tested plant extract when given orally in two doses (375 and 750 mg/kg b.wt.). The first group was kept as normal healthy control. The other four groups were given CCl4 (1 ml/kg b.wt. s.c) for five days. One of these was used as a CCl4-intoxicated non treated control. Group III and IV were given the methanol extract of Origanium majorana plant orally at doses of 375 and 750 mg/kg b.wt. per day, for two months. Group V was used as a standard group and received silymarin orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. for two months. The antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Origanium majorana plant was studied in rats liver homogenate after the prolonged oral administration (2 months) via determination of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) enzyme activity. The in vitro antioxidant activity was compared to DPPH and measured spectrophotometrically. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the different groups was evaluated as well as the histopathological examination of the liver. Results: Oral administration of Origanium majorana plant increased the antioxidant enzymes and significantly (P < 0.05) decreased liver enzyme levels when given in repeated doses. Conclusion: Thus methanolic extract of Origanium majorana possesses a significant antioxidant activity.

Antioxidant potential of methanol Root extract of Mentha arvensis L. from Kashmir Region

Article history: The study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of methanolic root extract of Mentha arvensis L. from Kashmir region. The antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Mentha arvensis L. was evaluated by using 1, 1-diphenyl, 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, reducing power, metal chelating, nitrous oxide scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content was found to be 9.12 and 32.14 mg/g respectively. The percentage inhibition values of DPPH scavenging for methanol extract were found to be 35.83%. The percentage inhibition values of Nitrous oxide scavenging for extract were found to be 39.11%, the percentage inhibition values of H2O2 scavenging for extract were found to be 21.72%, the percentage inhibition values of metal chelating activity of methanol extract at the concentration of 500 μg/ml was found to be 79.31% and that for standard ascorbic acid was found to be 96% at same concentration and the reducing power of extract was found to be 0.75 at concentration of 0.25mg/ml. The results indicate that the methanolic root extract of Mentha arvensis L. has good antioxidant potential and it can be regarded as promising candidates for natural plant sources of antioxidants with high.

Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of selected wild edible Nigerian mushrooms

ObjectiveTo elucidate the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of selected wild edible Nigerian mushroom species. MethodsPhytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods while 1,1-Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical and reductive power assays were used to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant properties of the selected edible Nigerian mushroom species. ResultsThe result obtained revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, terpenes, steroids, tannins and phenols in the selected mushrooms extracts. The extract of Pleutorus ostearus showed a significantly (P<0.05) higher total phenol and flavonoid content of (248.80±7.63) mg/g and (42.63±0.63) mg/g respectively compared to other mushroom extracts. Cantherale cibarus had the most significant (P<0.05) amount of alkaloids [(135.57±0.27) mg/g] and saponins [(150.41±0.50) mg/g] when compared to other extracts while the tannin content [(170.56±0.74)] mg/g was highest in the mushroom Temitomyces robustus. All mushroom extracts scavenged DPPH radical in a dose dependent manner. However, Lactarus deliciousus had the highest DPPH scavenging activity compared to the other mushroom extracts. Pleutorus ostearus and Lactarus deliciousus had better reductive power than other mushroom extracts concentrations used. ConclusionsThe mushroom species analysed have been shown to be good sources of antioxidants and other phytoconstituents, thus it can be used in the management of oxidative stress induced diseases.

Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of leaves and branches ofEugenia copacabanensisKiaersk (Myrtaceae)

Phytochemical investigation of Eugenia copacabanensis allowed for the isolation and identification of following compounds: β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-glucoside, eight triterpenes, (mixture of α- and β-amyrins, ursolic acid, 30-hydroxy-ursolic acid, betulin, friedelin, friedelan-3,4-lactone, and taraxerol), a mixture of three sesquiterpenes, (clovandiol, globulol, and viridiflorol), three flavonoids (kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinoside, and quercetin), and a mixture of four coumaroyl esters (octacosanyl, heptacosanyl, hexacosanyl, and tetracosanyl coumarates). The structures of these compounds were assigned based on comparison with literature data and spectroscopic analysis, including analysis by two-dimensional NMR techniques. Total phenolic content and total flavonoids were evaluated. Antioxidant activities of methanol extracts and fractions were measured by the 1,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hidrazyl free radical scavenging assay.

Antioxidant activity of essential oil and extracts of Valeriana jatamansi roots.

Valeriana jatamansi is an indigenous medicinal plant used in the treatment of a number of diseases. In the present study, chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by GC-MS. Seven major components were identified in Valeriana jatamansi essential oil, namely, β-vatirenene, β-patchoulene, dehydroaromadendrene, β-gurjunene, patchoulic alcohol, β-guaiene, and α-muurolene. Methanolic, aqueous, and chloroform extracts of Valeriana jatamansi roots were also prepared and analyzed for their polyphenols and flavonoid content. Antioxidant activity of essential oil and different extracts of Valeriana jatamansi roots was determined by DPPH radical scavenging and chelation power assay. A linear correlation has been obtained by comparing the antioxidant activity and polyphenols and flavonoid content of the extracts. Results indicated that antioxidant activity of methanolic extract could be attributed to the presence of rich amount of polyphenols and flavonoid. Essential oil of Valeriana jatamansi roots showed moderate antioxidant activity.

Antifungal, Nematicidal and Antioxidant Activity of the Methanol Extracts Obtained from Medicinal Plants

The nematicidal, antifungal and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts from six Vietnamese native medicinal plants were evaluated by various assays in vitro. Of the plant extracts tested, Terminalia nigrovenulosa was found to possess the highest activity when compared to the others. The leaves and bark of T. nigrovenulosa showed strong inhibitory activity against Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani. The DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging, reducing power and total antioxidant activities of T. nigrovenulosa bark were higher than that of the remainder plant extracts. Chitinase activity of these plants was also investigated using SDS-PAGE. The results obtained in the present study indicate that T. nigrovenulosa leaf extracts are the greatest potential source as nematicides and fungicides for the control of M. incognita and F. solani. In particularly, T. nigrovenulosa bark extracts could be used as a potential source of commercially viable levels of natural antioxidant.

Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from three coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) fruit varieties

In this study, fruit methanolic extract of three coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) varieties (Tunisian, Syrian and Egyptian) was assayed for their antioxidant activities. Obtained results showed that there are significant (P<0.05) variations in total polyphenols (0.94±0.05–1.09±0.02mgGAE/gDW), total flavonoids (2.03±0.04–2.51±0.08mgEC/gDW) and total condensed tannin (0.09±0.01–0.17±0.01mgEC/gDW) contents. The RP-HPLC analysis revealed the identification of phenolics in coriander fruits with chlorogenic and gallic acids as main compounds in Tunisian, Syrian and Egyptian varieties, respectively. Moreover, fruit methanolic extracts exhibited remarkable DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 values ranged from 27.00±6.57 to 36.00±3.22μg/mL. EC50 values of reducing power activity varied significantly (P<0.05) from 54.20±6.22 to 122.01±13.25μg/mL. The IC50 values of β-carotene bleaching assay were between 160.00±18.63 and 240.00±26.35μg/mL. Our results indicated that coriander fruit might constitute a rich and novel source of natural antioxidants and may be suggested as a new potential source of natural antioxidant and could be used as food additive.

Effect of extraction solvents and plant parts used on the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects ofGarcinia atroviridis: a comparative study

Garcinia atroviridis is a seasonal fruit plant found in many parts of South East Asia. The fruit rind is used in cooking and traditionally consumed for various reasons, including to lower blood cholesterol. A comparative study was undertaken to investigate the influence of extraction solvents and plant parts used on the lipid-lowering and antioxidant activities of Garcinia atroviridis. Aqueous extracts showed better antihyperlipidemic activity than the methanol extracts. Aqueous extract of ripe fruit showed the most potent antihyperlipidemic activity, comparable to that of atorvastatin. It significantly reduced the total cholesterol (P < 0.05), triglycerides (P < 0.01), low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.01), very-low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.01) and atherogenic index (P < 0.01). In contrast, antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of all parts of G. atroviridis were higher than their respective aqueous extracts, whereby the stem and leaves extracts showed better antioxidant activities than the fruits. Aqueous and methanol extracts of G. atroviridis showed higher antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects, respectively. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed significant correlations with antioxidant but not with antihyperlipidemic activities, indicating the involvement of other compounds. Contrary to the traditional belief, the present findings suggest that the fruit has higher antihyperlipidemic potential than the fruit rind.