Anti-wrinkle Properties Research Articles

Highly Efficient Wear Resistance and Anti-wrinkle Properties of Cotton Fabric Finished by One-Step Eco-friendly Strategy

Highly Efficient Wear Resistance and Anti-wrinkle Properties of Cotton Fabric Finished by One-Step Eco-friendly Strategy

Evaluating the Dermatological Benefits of Snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus): A Comparative Analysis of Extracts and Fermented Products from Different Plant Parts.

Skin ageing is influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, with excessive ultraviolet (UV) exposure being a significant contributor. Such exposure can lead to moisture loss, sagging, increased wrinkling, and decreased skin elasticity. Prolonged UV exposure negatively impacts the extracellular matrix by reducing collagen, hyaluronic acid, and aquaporin 3 (AQP-3) levels. Fermentation, which involves microorganisms, can produce and transform beneficial substances for human health. Natural product fermentation using lactic acid bacteria have demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, whitening, and anti-wrinkle properties. Snowberry, traditionally used as an antiemetic, purgative, and anti-inflammatory agent, is now also used as an immune stimulant and for treating digestive disorders and colds. However, research on the skin benefits of Fermented Snowberry Extracts remains limited. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the skin benefits of snowberry by investigating its moisturising and anti-wrinkle effects, comparing extracts from different parts of the snowberry plant with those subjected to fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum. Chlorophyll-free extracts were prepared from various parts of the snowberry plant, and ferments were created using Lactobacillus plantarum. The extracts and ferments were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine and compare their chemical compositions. Moisturising and anti-ageing tests were conducted to assess the efficacy of the extracts and ferments on the skin. The gallic acid content remained unchanged across all parts of the snowberry before and after fermentation. However, Fermented Snowberry Leaf Extracts exhibited a slight decrease in chlorogenic acid content but a significant increase in ferulic acid content. The Fermented Snowberry Fruit Extract demonstrated increased chlorogenic acid and a notable rise in ferulic acid compared to its non-fermented counterpart. Skin efficacy tests revealed that Fermented Snowberry Leaf and Fruit Extracts enhanced the expression of AQP-3, HAS-3, and COL1A1. These extracts exhibited distinct phenolic component profiles, indicating potential skin benefits such as improved moisture retention and protection against ageing. These findings suggest that Fermented Snowberry Extracts could be developed into effective skincare products, providing a natural alternative for enhancing skin hydration and reducing signs of ageing.

Photoprotective activities of Capsosiphon fulvescens in UVB-induced SKH-1 mice and human keratinocytes.

Capsosiphon fulvescens (CF) is a green alga widely consumed in East Asian countries, particularly in Korea. It has a rich composition of vitamins, minerals, dietary fibers, and bioactive compounds, which contribute to its multiple therapeutic properties. Its application ranges from acting as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent to supporting the skin system. Despite these benefits of CF, the effects and mechanisms of action related to photoaging of the skin have not yet been elucidated. To investigate the photoprotective effects of CF against photoaging, both animal (SKH-1 mouse) and cell models (HaCaT cell line) were used in this study. As a result, administering the CF extract over a period of 10weeks, which included times of Ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure, significantly reduced erythema and various UVB-induced skin changes, such as wrinkle formation, and the thickening of the epidermis and dermis, as well as alterations in the length and depth of wrinkles. Furthermore, our investigation into CF extract's antiwrinkle properties revealed its efficacy in enhancing skin hydration and collagen content, counteracting the collagen depletion and moisture loss induced by UVB radiation. Also, the fact that the levels of p-ERK, p-p38, and p-JNK proteins went down shows that the CF extract might have a controlling effect on the MAPK signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that CF holds significant potential for preventing photoaging, providing a foundation for the development of functional foods or botanical drugs targeting skin aging and related skin disorders. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This research proved that Capsosiphon fulvescen, a green alga widely consumed in East Asian countries, provides photoprotective activities against UV-induced skin aging. Therefore, Capsosiphon fulvescen can be utilized as functional foods or botanical drugs targeting skin aging and related skin disorders.

Transdermal peptide delivery using solvent-free thermosponge nanoparticles to improve the anti-aging efficacy of peptides in clinical trials

With the worldwide increase in life expectancy, the human desire to maintain youth and beauty has intensified, leading to rapid advances in the cosmetic industry. However, recently proposed peptide-based formulations with anti-aging properties exhibit low skin-penetration ability. To overcome this limitation, an anti-wrinkle peptide (Regentide®-AWP013; RG) with time- and dose-dependent cell proliferation, wound-healing activity, and no cytotoxicity was developed in this study. The stability and efficacy of RG were improved using solvent-free thermosponge nanoparticles (TNPs) comprising FDA-approved biocompatible materials, which were developed using a simple nanoprecipitation method. The temperature-responsive TNPs efficiently encapsulated RG in aqueous solutions (without any organic solvents), thus improving the cellular uptake and skin-penetration ability of RG. The loading content of RG in TNPs was optimized by monitoring the changes in the physicochemical properties of the RG-loaded TNPs (RG@TNP). The optimally loaded RG@TNP showed long-term stability under physiological conditions, with better skin-penetration ability than free RG. In clinical trials, the RG@TNP showed excellent anti-aging effects on eye wrinkles; it improved skin elasticity and reduced skin pigmentation and sagging, indicating a massive potential in the cosmetic industry. The results obtained in this study confirm the ability of TNPs to efficiently encapsulate peptides with anti-wrinkle properties that improve their stability and skin-penetration ability.

Ginseng fruit rare saponins (GFRS), a promising anti-wrinkle agent: Evidence of its antioxidant effect and its capacity to prevent matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) expression in vitro and in vivo

Rare saponins show numerous significant biological activities, however, there has been no research on using ginseng fruit rare saponins (GFRS) to minimize skin wrinkles. This paper studied the anti-wrinkle effect, related mechanism, material basis of efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of GFRS in vivo and in vitro. The findings demonstrate that GFRS has potent collagenase and elastase inhibition capabilities in addition to superior ultraviolet absorption properties. Secondly, GFRS can strengthen the endogenous antioxidant defense system, thus lessening the UVB-induced ultraviolet damage that L929 cells and zebrafish experience. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) studies have shown that GFRS could significantly inhibit the UVB-induced MMP1 and MMP9 proteins production. Finally, the main ginsenoside component in GFRS was identified by LC-MS, and 16 kinds of ginsenoside were analyzed, including rare ginsenoside such as Rg6, F4, and R/S-Rg3, which may be caused by the transformation of prototype saponins Re and Rd caused by citric acid heat treatment (CAHT). After doing a quantitative HPLC analysis on twelve of them, it was discovered that CAHT could enrich the content of rare saponins in GFS. By evaluating these ginsenoside’s anti-wrinkle properties. It is found that the main material basis for GFRS’s anti-wrinkle action may be ginsenoside Rg6 or F4. In summary, GFRS exhibits promising properties as an anti-wrinkle treatment because of its robust anti-oxidation, anti-collagenase, anti-elastase activity, favorable ultraviolet absorption effect, and capacity to regulate MMPs in vivo and in vitro models.

Multifunctional ammonium polyphosphate coated cotton fabric for flame retardant, anti-wrinkle, ultraviolet protection and anti-bacterial

The multifunctional cotton fabrics, which were expected to become one of the most promising textile materials, gained much attention in the apparel market. In this work, the simultaneous coloration and finishing processes with natural dye were carried out to prepare the multifunctional cotton fabrics. The modification process using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) imparted the cotton fabric with numerous anionic sites along with flame retardant and anti-wrinkle properties. Subsequently, the implementation of coloration with berberine was to render the cotton fabric with elegant shade and anti-bacterial, ultraviolet (UV) protection performances. The obtained results revealed that the cotton fabric treated with APP could obtain deep shade. It was found that the limited oxygen index (LOI), wrinkle recovery angle (WRA), ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) and antibacterial efficiency of treated fabric were 46.4%, 252°, 193 and 99%, respectively. More importantly, the repeated laundering showed negligible influence on the flame retardant and anti-wrinkle performances. In addition, the anti-bacterial and UV protection performance of treated cotton fabric exhibited a slight decline even after 20 cycles of washing. Finally, the washing and rubbing fastness of obtained cotton fabric were also desirable.

Suppression of UVB-Induced MMP-1 Expression in Human Skin Fibroblasts Using Lysate of Lactobacillus iners Derived from Korean Women's Skin in Their Twenties.

The process of skin aging is intricate, involving intrinsic aging, influenced by internal factors, and extrinsic aging, mainly caused by exposure to UV radiation, resulting in photoaging. Photoaging manifests as skin issues such as wrinkles and discoloration. The skin microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms on the skin's surface, plays a crucial role in skin protection and can be affected by factors like humidity and pH. Probiotics, beneficial microorganisms, have been investigated for their potential to enhance skin health by regulating the skin microbiome. This can be accomplished through oral probiotics, impacting the gut-skin axis, or topical applications introducing live bacteria to the skin. Probiotics mitigate oxidative stress, suppress inflammation, and maintain the skin's extracellular matrix, ultimately averting skin aging. However, research on probiotics derived from human skin is limited, and there is no established product for preventing photoaging. The mechanism by which probiotics shield the skin microbiome and skin layers from UV radiation remains unclear. Recently, researchers have discovered Lactobacillus in the skin, with reports indicating a decrease in this microorganism with age. In a recent study, scientists isolated Lactobacillus iners KOLBM20 from the skin of individuals in their twenties and confirmed its effectiveness. A comparative analysis of genetic sequences revealed that strain KOLBM20 belongs to the Lactobacillus genus and closely relates to L. iners DSM13335(T) with a 99.20% similarity. Importantly, Lactobacillus iners KOLBM20 displayed anti-wrinkle properties by inhibiting MMP-1. This investigation demonstrated the inhibitory effect of KOLBM20 strain lysate on MMP-1 expression. Moreover, the data suggest that KOLBM20 strain lysate may prevent UVB-induced MMP-1 expression by inhibiting the activation of the ERK, JNK, and p38 signaling pathways induced by UVB. Consequently, KOLBM20 strain lysate holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating skin photoaging.

Anti-wrinkle properties of rosehip oil, aloe vera, green tea extract, and frankincense essential oil: Brief review and a survey

The knowledge and opinions of first-year pharmacy students were evaluated after conducting a survey. The survey included 5 knowledge-based and 5 opinion-based questions, focusing on four herbal remedies. The data collected from 28 participants were analyzed for correctness of answers and agreement or disagreement to opinion lead statements. The knowledge-based questions showed an average 74.5% correct answer rate, with the question on Rosehip Oil receiving the highest (about 93%) followed by the Green Tea Extract at 89.3%. Opinion-based questions revealed a positive attitude towards herbal remedies, with over 82% strongly agreeing or somewhat agreeing with their potential benefits. Over 92% of the respondents believed Green Tea Extract and Frankincense Essential Oil possess skin-protecting qualities. Participants had positive attitude towards herbal remedies for skincare. Knowledge-based questions had a satisfactory correct answer rate, and participants largely agreed (82.7%) on the potential of these herbal remedies to enhance skin health and reduce signs of aging. Disagreement was minimal, ranging from 0% to 17.2%, indicating a widespread inclination towards positive agreement. The survey results provide a valuable insight into the potential of herbal remedies in skincare. The knowledge level was satisfactory at 74.5%. Opinions towards Rosehip Oil, Aloe Vera, Green Tea Extract, and Frankincense Essential Oil were largely positive among the surveyed pharmacy students. Limitations of the survey include the small sample size and lack of diversity in the survey participants. Future research should address these limitations and explore additional factors influencing knowledge and opinions regarding herbal remedies for skincare.

A Study on Antioxidant, Pro-collagen Synthesis and MMP-1 Inhibitory Activities of Salvia microphylla Extract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the physiological activity of the antioxidant and anti-wrinkle effects of an ethanol extract of <i>Salvia microphylla</i> (SM) and the possibility of their application in new cosmetic material.Methods: SME70 extract was prepared from powdered SM using 70% ethanol. For the analysis of the antioxidant activities of SME70, the total polyphenolic and flavonoid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays were performed. The cell viability was determined in fibroblast cells (CCD-986sk) using an MTT assay. For analysis of the anti-wrinkle effects of SME70, pro-collagen synthesis and MMP-1 inhibition activities in human fibroblasts were investigated.Results: The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in SME70 were 198.22±2.14 mg GAE/g and 291.55±6.60 mg QUE/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of SME70 was 92.99±0.14% at 400 μg/mL and ABTS radical scavenging activity of SME70 was 99.37±0.12% at 600 μg/mL. The cell viability of fibroblasts was 99.56±2.77% at 200 μg/mL. Pro-collagen synthesis activity of SME70 increased in a concentration-dependent manner and was 140.74±5.31% at 200 μg/mL. The matrix metalloprotease (MMP-1) inhibition effect of SME70 decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, and was 65.36±1.40% at 200 μg/mL. Therefore, it is suggested that SME70 can be used as a new material for cosmetics with anti-wrinkle effects.Conclusion: The antioxidant, pro-collagen synthesis, and MMP-1 inhibitory effects of SME70 were established, confirming its potential as a material for functional cosmetics with antiwrinkle properties.

The Tolerability and Effectiveness of Marine-Based Ingredients in Cosmetics: A Split-Face Clinical Study of a Serum Spray Containing Fucus vesiculosus Extract, Ulva lactuca Extract, and Ectoin

Introduction: Marine-derived compounds, such as seaweed extracts, fucoidan and ulvans, and ectoin, have gained attention in recent years due to their unique structural and functional characteristics, which make them attractive ingredients for skincare products. In this study, we developed a serum spray based on fucoidan, Ulva lactuca extract, and ectoin and evaluated its efficacy on facial skin. Materials and Methods: A split-face design dermatological evaluation of the serum spray was conducted on 33 subjects with visible signs of skin aging, with 29 subjects completing the study according to its protocol. The subjects had a mean age of 50 years and 16 had sensitive skin. The instrumental efficacy and subjective efficacy of the spray were measured on facial skin by evaluating the trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), skin pH, skin roughness/wrinkle reduction, and skin hydration at baseline, 20 min after its application and 28 days after its continuous use. Results: We found that the application of the serum spray did not significantly affect the TEWL. The hydration in the area treated with Moisturizer + Spray was 17% higher than that in the area treated with Moisturizer alone after 20 min of application (p < 0.001) and 5% higher after 28 days of use (p < 0.05). Twenty minutes after the application of the product, the average roughness in the area treated with Moisturizer + Spray decreased significantly, with an average of 7% compared to baseline (p < 0.001). With regard to the long-term antiwrinkle effect, 28 days after the continuous use of the product, the average roughness in the area treated with Moisturizer + Spray decreased significantly, with an average of 17% in relation to baseline (p < 0.001). The skin pH was significantly lowered by 6% after 28 days of use of the moisturizer + spray (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the marine-derived compounds fucoidan, ulvans, and ectoin have hydrating and anti-wrinkle properties that make them effective ingredients for skincare products. The serum spray developed in this study was demonstrated to be safe and increase hydration, showing a reduction in wrinkles and maintenance of the skin barrier function after 28 days of its continuous use. Therefore, it could be a promising addition to skincare products for improving skin health.

Sparseness and Compactness Shaping Process in Knitwear

Knitted garment design requires a variety of knitting techniques to create its unique aesthetic. The knitting pattern formed by the collection of loops and the contrast of sparseness and density is one of the important ways to expand the knitted garment design methods. The author combines his own research on knitted garment design methods and knitting techniques, starting from the relationship between sparseness and compactness, sparseness and compactness structure and expression, and starting from observation, reflection and analysis of "sparse and dense modeling techniques", starting from the concept of sparse and dense modeling techniques, and summarizing the characteristics of sparse and dense modeling techniques in knitted garments through practice. For example, stretch-induced characteristics, characteristics caused by rolled edge, characteristics caused by dispersion and Characteristics caused by anti-wrinkle properties. We also discuss the visual and tactile aspects of dense shaping, relying on the garment itself, we combine color, yarn, organization and silhouette to form a practical sparse shape with visual aesthetics. And its irregular tactile effects and innovations. Explore the role of dense shaping in knitwear design, such as enriching the design of knitted patterns and styles, and improving aesthetic value, in order to provide some references for knitwear designers to establish a concrete link between design and technology. The development of traditional craftsmanship and the use of new modern technologies have given room for the application of sparse and dense modeling concepts and the study of knitting techniques. It provides some references for knitwear designers to establish specific links between design and process.

Nymphoides peltata Root Extracts Improve Atopic Dermatitis by Regulating Skin Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Enzymes in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-Induced SKH-1 Hairless Mice.

Nymphoides peltata is widely used pharmacologically in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurvedic medicine as a diuretic, antipyretic, or choleretic and to treat ulcers, snakebites, and edema. Previous studies have shown that phytochemicals from N. peltata have physiological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-wrinkle properties. Nevertheless, research on the anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) effect of N. peltata extract is limited. This study was undertaken to assess the in vitro and in vivo anti-atopic and antioxidant activities of a 95% EtOH extract of N. peltata roots (NPR). PI-induced RBL-2H3 cells and two typical hapten mice (oxazolone-induced BALB/c mice and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced SKH-1 hairless mice) were used to investigate the effect of NPR extract on AD. The expressions of AD-related inflammatory cytokines, skin-related genes, and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed by ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence, and skin hydration was measured using Aquaflux AF103 and SKIN-O-MAT instruments. The chemical composition of NPR extract was analyzed using an HPLC-PDA system. In this study, NPR extracts were shown to most efficiently inhibit IL-4 in PI-induced RBL-2H3 cells and AD-like skin symptoms in oxazolone-BALB/c mice compared to its whole and aerial extracts. NPR extract markedly reduced DNCB-induced increases in mast cells, epidermal thickness, IL-4 and IgE expressions, and atopic-like symptoms in SKH-1 hairless mice. In addition, NPR extract suppressed DNCB-induced changes in the expressions of skin-related genes and skin hydration and activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Three phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid) were identified by HPLC-PDA in NPR extract. The study shows that NPR extract exhibits anti-atopic activities by inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative stress and improving skin barrier functions, and indicates that NPR extract has potential therapeutic use for the prevention and treatment of AD.

The Safety and Efficacy of 1-Monoeicosapentaenoin Isolated from the Trebouxiophyceae Micractinium on Anti-Wrinkle: A Split-Face Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.

The skin aging process is governed by intrinsic and extrinsic factors causing skin wrinkles, sagging, and loosening. The 1-monoeicosapentaenoin (1-MEST) is a component isolated from Micractinium, a genus of microalgae (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae). However, the anti-wrinkle effects of 1-MEST are not yet known. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-wrinkle effects of 1-MEST in vitro and in clinical trials. The cytotoxicity of 1-MEST was investigated in vitro using the MTS assay in human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs). Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-9 was determined by ELISA in HEKs irradiated with UVB after treatment with 1-MEST. A split-face randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 1-MEST. The study evaluated wrinkle parameters and visual assessment, self-efficacy and usability questionnaires, and adverse events. The study showed that the 1-MEST was not cytotoxic in HEKs, suppressed MMP-1 secretion and MMP-9 protein expression in HEKs irradiated with UVB. The wrinkle parameters and mean visual assessment score were significantly decreased in the test group after 12 weeks and differed from the control group. There were no significant differences in efficacy and usability. Adverse effects were also not observed. The 1-MEST showed anti-wrinkle properties to slow down or prevent skin aging.

Dyeing of curcumin and durable press finishing with citric acid on cotton fabric using one step process

Cotton is an affordable and durable option for clothing. However, cotton garments tend to wrinkle easily. Therefore, cotton fabrics were studied to improve their wrinkle resistance properties. In this work, curcumin was mixed in an aqueous solution of citric acid and its catalyst and applied to cotton fabric using pad-dry-cure process for both the dyeing and finishing properties. Aloe vera extract and chitosan were used to compare for the reaction of their functional groups with carboxyl groups of citric acid on cotton fabrics. The mixture of curcumin and citric acid solution showed anti-wrinkle properties on the treated cotton. There were no functional groups of curcumin detected on the FTIR spectrum of the fabric. Furthermore, acetyl group of chitosan and methyl in acetyl group of aloe vera extract were found on the spectra of the fabrics treated with each compound. It was also found that the treated fabric showed good UV protection properties and good antibacterial gram-positive properties. This fabric has physical potential to be used for healthcare, hygiene and medical textile products.

Preparation of CPD Photolyase Nanoliposomes Derived from Antarctic Microalgae and Their Effect on UVB-Induced Skin Damage in Mice.

UVB radiation is known to trigger the block of DNA replication and transcription by forming cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD), which results in severe skin damage. CPD photolyase, a kind of DNA repair enzyme, can efficiently repair CPDs that are absent in humans and mice. Although exogenous CPD photolyases have beneficial effects on skin diseases, the mechanisms of CPD photolyases on the skin remain unknown. Here, this study prepared CPD photolyase nanoliposomes (CPDNL) from Antarctic Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L, which thrives in harsh, high-UVB conditions, and evaluated their protective mechanisms against UVB-induced damage in mice. CPDNL were optimized using response surface methodology, characterized by a mean particle size of 105.5 nm, with an encapsulation efficiency of 63.3%. Topical application of CPDNL prevented UVB-induced erythema, epidermal thickness, and wrinkles in mice. CPDNL mitigated UVB-induced DNA damage by significantly decreasing the CPD concentration. CPDNL exhibited antioxidant properties as they reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. Through activation of the NF-κB pathway, CPDNL reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α, and COX-2. Furthermore, CPDNL suppressed the MAPK signaling activation by downregulating the mRNA and protein expression of ERK, JNK, and p38 as well as AP-1. The MMP-1 and MMP-2 expressions were also remarkably decreased, which inhibited the collagen degradation. Therefore, we concluded that CPDNL exerted DNA repair, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-wrinkle properties as well as collagen protection via regulation of the NF-κB/MAPK/MMP signaling pathways in UVB-induced mice, demonstrating that Antarctic CPD photolyases have the potential for skincare products against UVB and photoaging.

Environmentally benign flame-retardant cotton fabric with superior anti-wrinkle performance and restorable flame retardancy

Flammability and wrinkling are major defects that enormously restrict its application of cotton fabric in daily life. Herein, a N-heterocyclic compound with ammonium phosphate ester groups (PNH) was synthesized and served as a cross-linking agent to simultaneously enhance the flame-retardant and anti-wrinkle properties of cotton fabric. Fabric treated by 20 wt% PNH solution (CT/PNH20) possessed a wrinkle recovery angle of 234.8° and an LOI value of 42.7 %. It still self-extinguished during combustion even after 50 washing times, and the deterioration in flame retardancy mainly resulted from the formation of sodium phosphates during washing. Its LOI value after 50 washing times restored to 37.8 % from 27.5 % by a facile ion exchange strategy, revealing remarkable flame-retardant restorability. This work provides new insights into simultaneously enhancing the flame-retardant, anti-wrinkle performances of cotton fabric and restoring the flame retardancy of treated fabric after washing via facile and eco-friendly approaches. • A N-heterocyclic compound with multiple reactive groups (PNH) was synthesized. • PNH conferred superior flame-retardant and anti-wrinkle properties to cotton fabric. • Treated cotton fabric showed remarkable flame-retardant durability and restorability.

Submerged fermentation with Lactobacillus brevis significantly improved the physiological activities of Citrus aurantium flower extract

The physiological activity of the 50% ethanolic extract of Citrus aurantium flower before and after fermentation was investigated in this study. C. aurantium flowers grown in Taiwan were extracted using 100% methanol or 50% ethanol and then fermented by one of six microbes: four species of lactic acid bacteria (Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus brevis) anaerobically cultivated in MRS broth and two species of mold (Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger) aerobically cultivated in potato dextrose broth. The 50% ethanolic extract of C. aurantium flowers exhibited higher tyrosinase inhibition (IC50: 200.8 ± 11.6 mg/L) and antioxidative activity than did a 100% methanolic extract (IC50: 274.1 ± 15.7 mg/L). The 50% ethanolic extract fermented by L. brevis (L. brevis–fermented extract) exhibited the highest yield (86.2% ± 1.2%) and physiological activity. The L. brevis–fermented extract exhibited over 5.2-, 13.5-, 12.5-, 3.17-, and 4.29-fold higher antityrosinase activity, antioxidative activity, antibacterial activity, total flavonoid content, and antiwrinkle activity than did the unfermented extract. The L. brevis–fermented extract can be considered safe because it exerted no toxic effect on CCD-966SK or HEMn cells at concentrations of 400 and 200 mg/L, respectively. The fermented extract (40 mg/L) inhibited melanin formation, reducing it to 50.8% ± 2.3%. Furthermore, the L. brevis–fermented extract exhibited excellent antiaging and antiwrinkle activity, as determined from MMP-1, MMP-2, elastase, and collagenase activity. The improvement in physiological characteristics, especially the considerable formation of neohesperidin, is mainly attributable to biosynthesis or biotransformation by L. brevis during fermentation. In conclusion, the 50% ethanolic extract of C. aurantium flowers fermented with L. brevis can be used in cosmetics applications aiming for skin-whitening or antiwrinkle properties.

Antioxidant and Skin Whitening Activities of Sub- and Super-Critical Water Treated Rutin.

We focused on the functional components, antioxidant activity, skin-whitening, and anti-wrinkle properties of subcritical and supercritical water (SCW)-treated rutin. Rutin treatments were performed at the following temperature and pressure conditions: 200 °C/15 bar, 300 °C/100 bar, and 400 °C/250 bar. ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities and reducing power presented their highest values (1193.72 mg AAE/g, 728.73 mg AAE/g, and 0.65, respectively) at 300 °C/100 bar. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of SCW-treated rutin was 21.72–60.05% at 1 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction showed 14.91% melanin inhibitory activity at a concentration of 10 µg/mL compared to the α-MSH treatment group. The protein expression inhibition rates of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 in the ethyl acetate fractions were 14.05%, 72%, 93.05%, and 53.44%, respectively, at a concentration of 10 µg/mL, compared to the control. These results indicate that SCW treatment could be used to develop cosmetic materials and functional food with physiological activity, and that SCW-treated rutin can be used as a skin-whitening cosmetic material.

Rosmarinus officinalis L. hexane extract: phytochemical analysis, nanoencapsulation, and in silico, in vitro, and in vivo anti-photoaging potential evaluation

A shift towards natural anti-aging ingredients has spurred the research to valorize traditionally used plants. In this context, Rosmarinus officinalis L. was evaluated for its photoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-wrinkling properties. GC/MS and LC-ESI-HRMS based phytochemical profiling of rosemary leaves hexane extract resulted in the identification of 47 and 31 compounds, respectively and revealed rich content in triterpenoids, monoterpenoids and phenolic diterpenes. In vitro assays confirmed the antioxidant, anti-aging, and wound healing potential of rosemary extract along with a good safety profile, encouraging further development. A systematic molecular modelling study was conducted to elucidate the mechanistic background of rosemary anti-aging properties through the inhibitory effects of its major constituents against key anti-aging targets viz. elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase. Development of rosemary extract lipid nanocapsules-based mucoadhesive gels was performed to improve skin contact, permeation, and bioavailability prior to in vivo testing. The developed formulae demonstrated small particle size (56.55–66.13 nm), homogenous distribution (PDI of 0.207–0.249), and negatively charged Zeta potential (− 13.4 to − 15.6). In UVB-irradiated rat model, topical rosemary hexane extract-loaded lipid nanocapsules-based gel provided photoprotection, restored the antioxidant biochemical state, improved epidermal and dermal histological features, and decreased the level of inflammatory and wrinkling markers. The use of rosemary hexane extract in anti-aging and photoprotective cosmeceuticals represents a safe, efficient, and cost-effective approach.

Formulation of tinted lip gloss from lotus flower and date seed oil

In the past few decades, there is a large emergence in usage of natural dyes and scents. With the purpose of reducing extreme damage caused to human body due to synthetic substances, most ingredients in cosmetics have been lately shifted to those obtained from natural sources. This ensures maximum efficacy with minimum side effects. In addition to the fragrance and colors, medicinal properties (anti-oxidant property of Neem/Aloe-vera, anti-wrinkle property of Amla, anti-inflammatory property of Turmeric) can also be included in lipsticks and lip glosses to enhance quality and variability. The aim of this study is to formulate tinted lip gloss with subtle colors in addition to the moisturizing effect obtained from natural sources of Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus flower petals) and date seed oil respectively. Such a formulation caters to the practical requirement of a wide population of women in general obtaining color, fragrance and moisturizing property, all in one. The formulated product was evaluated and reported herewith. It gave tinted glossy formulation with a smooth consistency excluding the side effects of beeswax and parabens. The formula produced a beautiful light pink natural color as well as a pleasant scent.