Anthropomorphic Characters Research Articles

Мифопоэтика пространственно-времен-ного континуума в сказках Сергея Козлова о Ёжике и Медвежонке

The original tales of Sergei Kozlov about the Hedgehog and the Bear are full of deep philosophical content, which finds expression in intertextual allusions, the transformation of my-thological images and formulas. A special place in the author’s discourse is occupied by the space-time continuum, which can be defined as a continuous set of categories that embody the topologi-cal explication of the fairy world through mythopoetic imagery, religious subtext, and multiple al-lusions. Temporality as a text category becomes the axis of artistic time, imparting signs of per-ception to the entire space-time continuum of the work. The temporality of the fairytale cycle is determined by the switch from everyday specifics to the scale of an unlimited universe. The stopped time effect occurs at the moment of such switch. Out of time, the characters find them-selves in the element of fantasy overwhelming them. The space has the features of impressionism, every moment in the life of fairytale heroes reveals a new look of the vernal world. The heavenly bodies in the spirit of the ancient fairy-tale epic are close to the earth and reified. Astral categories in the images of the moon, stars, sky reveal a connection with outer space. Anthropomorphic cha-racters inhabiting the magical space of the forest, while retaining their archetypal features, acquire special properties in fairy tales that go far beyond the framework of folklore stereotypes. This is imagination and fantasy that have no boundaries, the ability to contemplate the beautiful, the as-cent of thought to eternal philosophical problems. The Hedgehog, as the protagonist and the bearer of these qualities, often evaluates finiteness – the infinity of time, its cyclical nature, the constant change of death and birth. He, like other characters, overcomes real space and time with the help of imagination. The poetics of myth, archetypal imagery, artistic components of magical-fantastic tales, transformed in the author’s discourse of Sergei Kozlov, allow the writer to penetrate the innermost world of the child’s soul through the space-time continuum and present the most important ontological and epistemological problems of human existence and divine providence in the world to the adult reader.

К семиотической интерпретации мифологического образа древа Аал Луук мас в эпосе олонхо

Introduction. Interpretation of sign systems inherent to archaic texts of Olonkho epic remains an important issue within Yakut epic studies. The situation is complicated by the ongoing penetration of network structures into all spheres of human activity in modern society, and requires further systemic studies in the nature of mythological consciousness. The article examines the mythological image of Aal Luuk mas Tree which steadily functions in mythological contexts of the Yakut Olonkho epic. As is known, the ‘pith and marrow’ of any phenomenon can be comprehended only through the study of its formation. So, the work analyzes all stages of the development of the image, starting with the sources proper. Goals. The research aims to identify the sequence of stages in the formation of the mythological image of Aal Luuk mas, determine the model archetype within the ethnic mythopoetic consciousness, and demonstrate modeling and structuring functions thereof as the main generating idea in the Sakha view of the world. Materials and Methods. The work considers mythological views of the Sakha people reflected in Yakut Olonkho epic texts, and employs an interdisciplinary approach that includes various methods of modeling, structural-semiotic analysis, and deduction. Results. The stadial research shows that Olonkho texts contain fragments of mythological cosmogenesis, archaic motifs of the world egg, world sea, elements of zoomorphic space, anthropomorphic characters to have preceded the era of the Tree ― to further shape a complex image of Aal Luuk mas as a model that structures a multilevel Universe. The work mentions a geometric representation of the Tree in the form of a static pyramid and a dynamic cone identical to the Olonkho epic model of the world discovered by the author in previous studies. The paper concludes that in addition to the well-known ideas about the image of Aal Luuk mas as a symbol of fertility and the eternal cycle of life and death, the form and content of this archaic image largely determined the emergence of many sign systems nowadays integral to Yakut material and spiritual culture. And this circumstance proves instrumental in recognizing an invariant archetype scheme with the preservation of semantic ‘valencies’ in modern texts of the tradition, thus indicating further research prospects.

Lunar Images in the Cultural Traditions in the South of Western Siberia in the Second Half of the 3rd – the Beginning of the 2nd Millennium BC

The article highlights a series of multicultural images of the developed Bronze Age of the south of Western Siberia, which are connected by a common semantic meaning. The author substantiates lunar semantics of Okunev, Krokhalevka and Samus anthropomorphic characters conveying the idea of significant moon cycles, mainly the new moon, the first quarter and the full moon. The worldviews of the population of these cultures are reconstructed, the probable sources of the lunar cult and the peculiarities of similar views in each community are investigated. Specific iconographic methods of transmitting similar ideological stereotypes by various visual means inherent in the cultural groups of the Upper Ob Region, the Lower Tom Region and the Middle Yenisei in the second half of the 3rd – the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC are revealed

“We Lost a Member of the Family”: Predictors of the Grief Experience Surrounding the Loss of a Pet

Abstract Pets play an important role in their owners’ lives and are often viewed as family members. However, research on human-animal relationships suggests that pet owners often receive relatively less emotional support when experiencing grief after the death of a beloved pet, a phenomenon known as disenfranchised grief. In this internet-based survey study, we explored how people experienced grief surrounding the loss of their pets, and how this experience mirrors emotions that result from the death of a human loved one. We examined how factors such as anthropomorphism, attachment to a pet, and social support influence the grief experience. We also explored how feelings of guilt and shame play a role when grieving the loss of a pet. We found that grief over the loss of a pet is similar to grieving a human loved one in large part due to the anthropomorphic qualities attribute that owners attribute to their pets. Avenues for future exploration of the psychological impact of pet ownership are discussed.

Adding character: The role of destination mascots in tourism development

This study explores the use of destination mascots in tourism development. It steps away from the traditional investigation of yuru kyara by focusing on a wider range of anthropomorphic messengers. By mapping the historical trajectory of mascots, the researchers isolate a special subcategory of anthropomorphic characters: destination mascots. Destination mascots are introduced as a new tourism construct and a distinct type of marketing activity. This paper aims to develop and promote the term destination mascot in tourism literature. It describes the many facets of destination mascots and catalogues five distinct functions mascots can carry out for their destinations: mascots as place identity markers, cultural constructs, bonding tools, social engagement tools, and information carriers. Supplemented with multiple examples from past and present literature, this study deepens and broadens our understanding of mascot culture. It brings into view many avenues that invite further exploration.

Anthropomorphic Characters in Children’s Literature

AbstractGiven the current climate of immigration discourse and proposed changes to US immigration policies, it is critical to examine how immigration is presented to society’s youngest readers. Bec...

Пазырыкская культура Горного Алтая: к проблеме происхождения культа оленя и существования таежного оленеводства (интерпретация по материалам устной истории и наскальных рисунков)

Oral history has preserved unique information about the methods of hunting, capture and domestication of wild deer among Altai people at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as the existence of reindeer husbandry in the ancient population of the region. Attraction of comparative folklore and ethnographic materials on the peoples of Siberia reveals the connection of wild deer with the spirit-mistresses of nature. Shrines Kalbak-Tash contains a large number of drawings with a hunting plot. An analysis of images of zoomorphic and anthropomorphic characters in the context of the subject environment reveals a variety of hunting methods that can be «read»based on comparative studies of hunting among Samoyeds practiced in the recent past. This information allows us to reinterpret the archaeological materials of the Pazyryk culture of Mountain Altai, in which the deer cult occupied an important place.

Назви сузір᾽їв в українських перекладах Старого Завіту

The article explores the names of The Great Bear, Orion and the star constellation of Pleiades in the eight full translations of the Bible into the Ukrainian language of XIX–XXI c. Besides the Introduction and the Brief summary of the Ukrainian translations history, the article is made up of three sections. In the first section we analyze the ancient Hebrew names, such as Ash, Kima and Kesil, which are found in the translation by Patriarch Philaret (Denysenko) of the Synodic Bible (1876), and also in the New World Translation, made by the religious society “Jehovah’s Witnesses”. The second chapter focuses on the folk Ukrainian names, also typical for the whole Slavic world, such as Viz, Volosozhar, Kvochka, Kosari, used in the first full translation of the Bible into Ukrainian — Kulish᾽s Bible, which, by its authority, has created a certain tradition, proclaiming the authenticity and comprehensiveness of the Ukrainian language, and has become the standard, later followed by Ivan Ogiyenko and Ivan Khomenko. The third section is dedicated to such Graecisms as Pleiads, Orion, Arcturus, being equivalents for the nominations, presented in the protograph Septuaginta, found in the translation by Father Raphael. The author comes to the conclusion that all the translators in their clerical work aimed to make the astronomic names available and understandable to the orthodox reader of the biblical texts, but for each period of time this aim was achieved differently: if for the XIX century such understandable ones were folk names, in XX and XXI centuries they have been forgotten and replaced by the more familiar Greek-originated and common The Great Bear, Orion and Pleiads. This concerns also the translation of the Ostrog Bible, whose astronomic names had been formed in the times of the first Slavic enlighteners Cyril and Methodius and have become too archaic for our times. The author states that different ethno-cultures have been reflected in the astronomical names: Judaic cosmonymy is more of the anthropomorphic character, while Slavic, including the Ukrainian one, reflects the villatic view to the world and the sky of stars.

Антропоморфность техники в культуре постмодерна и постпостмодерна

The issue of human beings’ interaction with technology has acquired a special topicality. There has emerged a philosophy of technology aimed at researching the anthropological social dimension. The anthropological approach towards understanding technology is based on the human being himself determining his own existence and creating objective reality, while being a subject. The author of the article examines two trends within the anthropological approach: the solution of the problem of human beings’ connection with technology in the philosophy of postmodernism and within the conception of transhumanism. In the transhuman conception, the “anthropomorphic qualities of technology” presented a worldview principle of mastery of the technocratic principle in postmodern and post-postmodern eras (the culture of the future). The “anthropomorphic qualities of technology” signifies the character of technologies preserving the algorithm of human behavior and not transforming the human being into a subservient entity in regards to technology. The presented critique of transhumanism makes it possible to disclose its anti-humane character. The present conception, which shows a predominance of the technical-technological side of human development, presents a threat to humanity in the post-postmodern era. By expounding these two trends, it is demonstrated that on the threshold of the advent of the post-postmodern era it becomes necessary to perceive the phenomenon of technical reality on the basis of an anthropological approach. Keywords: the philosophy of postmodernism, the philosophy of technology, transhumanism, the anthropomorphic aspect of technology.

Marka Maskotlarında Antropomorfizm Kullanımına Yönelik Göstergebilimsel Bir Analiz: Arçelik Markası Robot Çelik Vakası

Bugünün pazarlama anlayışında, markaların sundukları fayda kadar sahip oldukları kimlik ve tüketicileriyle kurdukları ilişki üzerinden de değer kazandığı görüşü önemli yer tutmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, markalı ürün ve hizmetlere insani özellikler atfedilmesi pratiği giderek artmaktadır. Marka maskotları, antropmorfizm olarak tanımlanan bu pratiğin en yaygın örnekleridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, marka maskotlarında antropomorfizm kullanımını Arçelik markasının Çelik robotu vakası üzerinden göstergebilimsel açıdan değerlendirmek ve Çelik’in sahip olduğu antropomorfik özelliklerin Arçelik marka kimliğine yönelik inşa ettiği anlamları irdelemektir. Çalışma kapsamında, Çelik robotunun insanlaştırma aşamalarını (çocukluk-genç yetişkinlik-olgunluk) temsil ettiği düşünülen dört Arçelik televizyon reklamı amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiş ve göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda; antropomorfik marka maskotu Çelik’in sahip olduğu insani özelliklerin (örn. akıllı, yaratıcı, dünya vatandaşı) Arçelik’in yenilenen marka kimliğinin temel özellikleriyle (örn. teknolojik, yenilikçi, global yerlilik) örtüştüğü bulgulanmıştır. Bu durum; marka adının, logosunun, maskotun ve markalı ürün/hizmetin tam bir örtüşme içinde bulunduğu ve birbirinin yerine geçer biçimde tekleştiği “eşleştirme” maskot stratejisinin işlerlikte olduğunu göstermektedir.

Becoming Clinician-Animators: a Toolkit and Pilot Study for Novel Animated Content Development in a Medical Education Curriculum.

Animation is increasingly incorporated into multimedia teaching tools in medical education. Despite enthusiasm about animation among learners and educators, evidence is limited and conflicting regarding the effectiveness of animation in medical education. In this how-to guide and pilot study, a team of clinician-educators have cataloged their efforts to learn the art of animation and understand how to most effectively integrate animation into a flipped classroom curriculum. In this pilot, internal medicine residents responded that an animated video series using anthropomorphic characters and metaphorical dialogue and narrative was an accessible, acceptable, and effective method of teaching the antihyperglycemic medications for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study paves a path for further exploration of the intersection between multimedia, entertainment, and cognitive theory in graduate medical education.

Urban Theme Embodiment in the Novels of Charles Dickens

The article analyzes the features of London image and the representation of urban theme in Charles Dickens’ novels “The Adventures of Oliver Twist”, “Dombey and Son”, “Bleak House”. As anthropomorphic characters of novels, the city acts as a full-fledged artistic image. It is established that London is a center of plot nodes contraction and appears to be versatile and multifaceted. On the one hand, it is a city in which all provincial residents rush. They dream of finding themselves here and occupying a worthy position in life. On the other hand, the writer portrays London as the personification of cold, deceitful relationships, alienation of people in high society. It combines contrasting pictures of luxury and poverty, grandeur and squalor; it lives by a separate independent life and affects the feelings and actions of heroes. The article notes that London is always accompanied by landscape sketches in Dickens' novels. Most often, these are stable and multifunctional images of fog and cold. In the novel “The Adventures of Oliver Twist,” fog and cold become symbols of the concealment of the dirty deeds of the cruel and criminal world of London, in which the protagonist is originally immersed. In the novel “Bleak House”, they are the personification of the Supreme Court, and in “Dombey and Son”, the descriptions of cold, foggy, and gray London represent the cold of human relations that reigns in the family of financial magnate Mr. Dombey.

Demononyms in Russian Mythological Texts of the Perm Region

The paper deals with proper names of demons (demononyms) featured in the local mythological texts of the Perm region, narrating of people with supernatural abilities. The research focuses on the names of the spirits which the sorcerers infuse into the victim’s body to cause illness. This universal tendency to “personify” the spirits of disease becomes apparent as it happens to be a recurrent element of the plot in such spirit-possession narratives. In this respect, the use of a proper name is yet another means of creating an anthropomorphic character which is the spirit of disease. Concurrently, a name might also bring in certain ethnic, social, cultural, and linguistic implications. In the Perm regional mythology, 67 demononyms have been identified. Most of them are anthroponyms transferred to the category of demononyms retaining the same derivational patterns. The functions of demononyms are similar, but not identical to those of anthroponyms (i.e. to name, to identify, to distinguish). The use of a particular name helps to identify and to differentiate the demon from the possessed victim or another spirit “cohabiting” with it. Therefore, demononyms have a twofold specifying / deictic nature: they go back to an anthroponym, but act as a substitute for the demon’s name. Ultimately, proper names of demons also serve to “legitimize” the presence of the spirits of disease in a person, which leads to more particular context-driven functions correlated with those of anthroponyms. On a larger scale, the use of demononyms in mythological narratives about people possessed with a spirit of the disease tends to reflect the traditional “friend” or “foe” opposition that is typical to the Slavic culture.

Боспорские «Ники»

This article is devoted to refuting of an established concept according to which female winged anthropomorphic characters at monuments of ancient art found in Bosporan burial mounds depicted Nike. The presence of the goddess of victory on object from burial inventory has not been explained. The author assumes that a female role at iconography of Nike has been reconsidered. The images on important ritual objects allow suggesting that barbarian inhabitants of the Bosporus saw their own goddess in the image of the winged woman, one of incarnations of the Great goddess.

“Portrait” Medallions from the Kazym Hoard

We describe so-called portrait medallions and plaques with similar representations from a hoard found near Kyzym, the Beloyarsky District of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in the summer of 20I4. We introduce I7 artifacts cast of bronze and differing in shape and technological level. These fall into two groups in terms of quality. The principal questions addressed in the article are where, by whom, and based on which prototypes the Kazym artifacts were made. To resolve them, we analyze similar artifacts, including silver medallions representing a Parthian king and found in northwestern Siberia, and a series of bronze items from various sites in the Surgut and the Lower Ob region. These parallels, like the presence of numerous “Sarmatian bronze mirrors in the Kazym hoard, point to the period between the late 1st century BC and the 1st or 2nd centuries AD. The results suggest that the “portrait medallions and other bronze plaques depicting anthropomorphic characters are local replicas of imported prototypes. This testifies, firstly, to stable trade links with ancient civilization centers in the beginning of the Christian era, and secondly, to the absorption of certain elements offoreign traditions by the local culture.

Дух, бытие и свобода. «Недоносок» Баратынскогов библейском контексте

The paper deals with the “pneumatology” of Evgeny Baratynsky’s poem Prema­ture. The topic of the poem stems from the “windy” nature of the Holy Spirit. In the language of the Bible, the Holy Spirit denotes God’s Wind or God’s Breath: God gives life by sharing his breath or Spirit and takes life by taking the breath away. As dry wind, God’s Breath can be deadly. The Spirit is the source of life and death, existence and annihilation, ephemerality and infinity. The Bible has not yet developed the notion of abstract or invisible air. Rather, the Bible endows the Holy Spirit with anthropomorphic qualities of freedom and willpower to bring life or death. These anthropomorphic features characterize Baratynsky’s poetry. Baratynsky’s “winged sigh” rushed about between the earth and the sky in a way that the Holy Spirit rushed over the waters. This “winged sigh” creates a “prema­ture” only to see its doomed and fleeting existence, an attribute of humanity.

Being watched over by a conversation robot may enhance safety in simulated driving

IntroductionIn an aging society that is more and more information-oriented, being able to replace human passengers’ protective effects on vehicle drivers with those of social robots is both essential and promising. However, the effects of a social robot’s presence on drivers have not yet been fully explored. Thus, using a driving simulator and a conversation robot, this experimental study had two main goals: (a) to find out whether social robots’ anthropomorphic qualities (i.e., not the practical information the robot provides drivers) have protective effects by promoting attentive driving and alleviating crash risks; and (b) by what psychological processes such effects emerge. Method: Participants were recruited from young (n = 38), the middle-aged (n = 39), and the elderly (n = 49) age groups. They were assigned to either the treatment group (simulated driving in a conversation robot’s presence) or the control group (simulated driving alone), and their driving performance was measured. Mental states (peaceful, concentrating, and reflective) also were assessed in a post-driving questionnaire using our original scales. Results: Although the group of older participants did not experience protective effects (perhaps due to motion sickness), the young participants drove attentively, with the robot enhancing peace of mind. The protective effect was also observed among the middle-aged participants, and the verbal data analysis ascribed this to the robot’s role of expressing sympathy, especially when the middle-aged drivers nearly had not-at-fault crashes, which caused them to be stressed. In conclusion, we discuss the practical implications of the results.

According To Sadraddin Qunawi The Possibility Of Talking About God

Teist âdeta çapraz ateş altındadır: Eğer kelimeler, dinî bağlamda insanî tecrübede kazandıkları anlamlarıyla kullanılacak olursa, o zaman, sonsuz olan Tanrı`ya uygulanamaz; yok, dil insanî köklerinden arındırılırsa, insanlar için anlamsız olur ve insanî dil olmaz ve bu seferde Tanrı`dan söz edemez. Daha teknik bir ifadeyle, teistler tek anlamlı ya da çok anlamlı dilden birini seçmek zorunda kalmış görünmektedir. Tek anlamlı dilde, bütünüyle insani tecrübeye bağlı olan söylemin konusu, Tanrı olamaz; çok anlamlı dilde ise, ifadelerin semantik içerikleri buharlaşır. Dilin çok anlamlı olarak kullanılması, Tanrı`yı tasvir etmek için kullanılan kelimeleri antropomorfik niteliklerinden arındırır, ancak bu da agnostisizme neden olur. Ne teşbihî ne de tenzihî dil Gaybî konularda tek başına yeterlidir. Sözgelimi, Allah`ın Zâtı sözkonusu olduğunda, ya O`nu mevcûdât seviyesine indirme (teşbihî anlatım), ya da tavsif ederken âdeta ‘yok’u tanımlıyormuş gibi (tenzihî anlatım) istenmeyen bir duruma sebep olabilir. Dolayısıyla, bu durumda teistler Tanrı hakkındaki ifadelerin anlamını bilemezler. Şunu dahi söylemek mümkün olmaz: Tanrı`ya yüklenen “varoluş” kavramının, insanların günlük kullanımıyla bir ilişkisi var mıdır yok mudur? Tanrı hakkında mantık açısından açık olmayan terimlerle konuşmayı tercih etmek, O`nun iyiliğinden, sevgisinden, hikmetinden söz edildiği zaman, kelimelerle oynamaktan başka bir şey olmaz. Kısaca, eğer din dili ya da teolojik dil büsbütün tek anlamlı olarak kurulursa, antroposentirizme kayar; çok anlamlı olarak kullanılırsa, anlam içeriğini yitirir ve agnostisizme düşme tehlikesiyle karşılaşır. Böyle olunca, din dili Tanrı hakkında bir şey söylemez. Konevî bu iki aşırı ucu -teşbihî dil ve tenzihî dil- birleştirmektedir. Bu da ifadelerin tek anlamlılık ile çok anlamlılık arasında bir yerde duran temsilî kullanımıdır.

Unsustainable Science

Unsustainable Science

Combination of integration and self-organization of business entity’s activity: theoretical principles and conceptual approach

The article presents the theoretical bases and conceptual approach to combining of integration and selforganization processes within the framework of ongoing business processes and business entity state formation, from the standpoint of information and economic management context. The purpose of research is to develop a theoretical and conceptual provisions for embodiment of integration processes in the self-management processes on the basis of information-economic acquisition by the business processes of integrative qualities-signs and taking into account of integration factor influence on the business entity state. Based on the methodological principles of synergetic theory about the mandatory semantic content of information to generate a synergistic effect in self-organizing (reflective) management processes, the necessity of anthropomorphic qualities information providing, which will be played by the economic properties of management, is substantiated. The qualitative information and economic properties of management, which determine the leading positioning of information-economic type of integration in the integration basis of management, are defined. Properties are «being implemented» through an integration basis in selforganizational management decisions by integrated business processes and complex («economic-integration») state of business entity. Conditions-factors of integration-self-organizational conceptualization of management on information and economic basis of the synergetic effect formation of business entity activity, are defined. The practical value of research results is that due to the information-economic parameterization and assessment of the benefits of integrated business processes, decisions will be made on purposeful self-organizational achievement of the homeostatic equilibrium state with a corresponding of economic and integration characteristics (indicators) of sustainability. For theoretical and conceptual provisions implementing of the symbiosis of management integration and self-organization, the development preconditions are formulated – the system-wide properties of integrated information and economic tools of self-organization management of the business entity activity.