Anthropometric Study Research Articles

Influence of overweight and obesity on the results of coronary artery bypass grafting on a working heart in patients of different age groups and the existence of an "obesity paradox"

Objective. To determine the effect of overweight and obesity on the results of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients of different age groups and the presence of the "obesity paradox". Materials and Methods. The study included 3674 patients (3061 men and 613 women) with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting on a beating heart. The average age of the study participants was (60.6 ± 0.8) years. Data from a clinical anthropometric study with the determination of body mass index and its interpretation were analyzed. The study design was based on the age group of patients in accordance with the age classification of the World Health Organization. Results. In the study sample, overweight patients accounted for 45.5%, and obese patients – 40.1%. The frequency of normal body weight increased with increasing age. In geriatric patients, this rate was statistically significantly higher than in young patients (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 31.13) and elderly patients (p = 0.05, χ2 = 3.84). The highest incidence of overweight was in elderly patients, and the lowest in young patients (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 22.95). The incidence of overweight also increased with increasing age. The incidence of obesity was highest in young patients and lowest in elderly patients (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 119.97). The incidence of obesity decreased with increasing age. Early postoperative mortality was statistically significantly higher in patients with normal body weight than in patients with overweight (p = 0.02, χ2 = 5.08). Conclusions. The sample of 3674 patients with coronary heart disease was dominated by overweight and obese patients of varying degrees, and only 14.4% of patients had normal and low body weight. Regarding the presence of the "obesity paradox" and the positive effect of overweight on the results of coronary artery bypass grafting on a beating heart, it was found that early postoperative mortality was statistically significantly (p = 0.02, χ2 = 5.08) higher in patients with normal body weight than in patients with exclusively overweight.

Anthropometric Studies of Schoolchildren During the First Decades of the 20th Century in Spain and Argentina.

The practice of anthropometry in schools at the beginning of the 20th century originated in Europe and Latin America in conjunction with the emergence of hygienism and epidemiological auxology. The aim of this work is to deepen the knowledge of these practices in Spain and Argentina and to compare the available growth data in order to identify possible differences between the populations. The anthropometric data of 1693 boys and girls aged 7-15 years (877 Spanish; 816 Argentinean) from the period between 1903 and 1913 were analyzed. The data were taken from the Reports and Memoirs of the School Colonies of the National Pedagogical Museum (Spain) and the Archives of Pedagogy and Related Sciences of the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences of the National University of La Plata (UNLP) (Argentina). The most pronounced differences in weight and height were observed between the ages of 11 and 12. The weight growth of Spanish schoolchildren was 22% (boys) and 24% (girls) lower than that of their Argentine counterparts, while linear growth was about 7% lower for both sexes. In addition, the Spanish had a lower body mass index up to the age of 12 years. Argentine boys and girls of La Plata were taller and heavier than their Spanish counterparts of Madrid during the same period (between 1903 and 1913). These results can be attributed to the higher standard of living that characterized the Argentine population at that time.

Assessment of the comparability of human facial dimensions obtained using direct anthropological measurements and photographs

Introduction. This research examines and evaluates the comparability of a specific set of anthropometric measurements of facial features obtained through direct measurements and frontal portrait photographs. With the growing trend towards utilizing photography instead of direct measurements, the question of the convergence and comparability between these two methods has become increasingly significant. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on a sample population of Chuvash individuals, who represent the indigenous population in the Chuvash Republic of the Russian Federation. The material for the study comprised cephalometric data and anthropological photographs of individuals from the Chuvash Republic, surveyed during the 2002 expedition under the guidance of V.A. Batsevich. The sample size consisted of 72 individuals, with 35 women and 37 men. Prior to statistical analysis, the male and female participants were divided into two age groups to account for potential age-related variations. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS software package, applying Cronbach's alpha method. Results. In this study, gender differences were identified for a range of anthropometric indicators, demonstrating high convergence when employing two facial measurement methods. The obtained values of dimensions were generally comparable in terms of reliability and consistency. Conclusion. The research has revealed that the method of obtaining linear facial dimensions from portraits can serve as an analog/alternative to direct anthropometric measurements. In men, latitudinal dimensions are better correlated with each other, whereas in women they are high-altitude. The obtained results align well with existing data on this topic, highlighting the potential viability of facial portrait-based measurements in anthropometric studies.

Laser Scanning Morphometric Measurements of the Main Orbital Communications in Dry Human Skulls

Background and Objectives: This research investigated the morphometric dimensions of the optic foramen (OF), superior orbital fissure (SOF) and inferior orbital fissure (IOF), using indirect measurement techniques such as laser scanning, making it likely the first study of its kind. This study aimed to identify the morphometric variability of the main orbit communications and to highlight the differences between genders. Materials and Methods: The anthropometric study was conducted on sixty dry skulls (120 orbits) of adults aged between 20 and 70 years. Measurements of orbital communications were made using the RS6 laser scanner. The orbital parameters that were investigated are as follows: length and width of the SOF and IOF, and height and width of the OF. Results: In males, the average height of the OF was 8.27 mm and 8.13 mm in females, while the average width of the OF was 6.34 mm in males and 5.83 mm in females. The SOF average length was 21.09 mm in males and 17.58 mm in females. The widths of the SOF in the three thirds (anterior, middle and posterior) in males were 5.14/4.77/7.11 mm and 2.28/3.48/5.80 mm in females. The average length of the IOF was 33.05 mm in males and 32.30 mm in females. The widths of the IOF in the three thirds (anterior, middle and posterior) were 5.61/3.92/4.70 mm in males and 7.24/4.68/4.08 mm in females. Conclusions: The OF height and width were higher in males compared to females. The SOF length and width were higher in males compared to females. The IOF length was higher in males for the right orbit and higher in females for the left orbit. The IOF width for both orbits was higher in females in the anterior and middle third, and higher for males in the posterior third. Evaluation of dry skulls using laser scanning is reliable and recommended for data accuracy. Laser scanning can become a usable method for all indented and hard-to-reach regions of the cranial skeleton.

Arm Length and Height Relationship in Young Indian Adults: A Correlation and Regression Analysis

Abstract Introduction: Anthropometric studies on body proportions such as arm length (AL) and height (Ht) are essential for understanding physical growth patterns and health indicators, particularly amongst young adults. However, limited research exists on this relationship in the Indian population. Materials and Methods: This study examined the correlation and regression between AL and Ht in 500 healthy Indian adults aged 18–23 years. Standard anthropometric tools were used to measure AL and Ht, and statistical analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between these variables. Results: The results showed varying degrees of correlation between AL and Ht across different age groups and genders. Males generally exhibited higher AL to Ht ratios compared to females, with significant gender differences observed in younger age groups. Conclusion: These findings contribute to our understanding of human growth patterns amongst young Indian adults and have important implications for clinical assessments and anthropological research. Further, longitudinal studies are recommended to better understand the dynamics of growth and body proportions over time in this population.

Anthropometric Study of Head Length among Garo Tribal and Non-Tribal Adult Bangladeshi Females of Greater Mymensingh Region

A cross-sectional, analytical type of study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January to December of 2015, to observe the differences in head length between Garo tribal and non-tribal adult Bangladeshi females of Greater Mymensingh Region. The study subjects consist of two hundred (200) adult Bangladeshi female of greater Mymensingh districts among them, 100 were tribal (Garo) female and 100 were non-tribal female. Head length was taken the two ends of the spreading caliper were placed as one end on the glabella and the other end was fixed on the inion. Inion was identified by palpation. Conversion technique kept the caliper along a sagittal plane. Then the reading was taken from the calibrations on the caliper and was recorded in cm. The mean head length was higher in Garo tribal females than that of non-tribal females and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Our data suggests that the head length was higher in tribal female (Garo) than non-tribal female in Greater Mymensingh Region in Bangladesh. CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 213-217

Generacion de recursos audiovisuales para la realización de medidas antropométricas en adultos mayores

Introduction: Ageing, according to the WHO, results from accumulated molecular and cellular damage, affecting physical and mental health. In Spain, the population aged 65 years and over has increased to 20% in 2022. Nutritional assessment in older adults, crucial for assessing health, uses the MNA questionnaire and anthropometric assessment. Although there are standard protocols for anthropometric measurements in the normal-weight and athletic population, there are no protocols adapted for older adults. The aim of the study is to generate audiovisual teaching resources with specific measurement criteria to improve the knowledge of health professionals and students about anthropometric measurements in older adults. Methodology: Descriptive study on the generation of audiovisual material based on possible and relevant measurements for the anthropometric study of older adults. Photographs and videos were taken of such measurements in an older adult male volunteer. Results: The audiovisual material consists of 13 videos with anthropometric measurements including 3 basic measurements (body mass, Stretch stature and medium arm span), 4 skinfolds (tricipital, bicipital, subscapular and iliac crest), 3 girths (arm relaxed, waist and calf) and 3 lengths (radiale-stylion, heel-knee height and tibiale mediale-sphyrion tibiale). Conclusion: Current manuals do not provide detailed information on the adaptation of the anthropometric measurement protocol to the limitations of older adults, such as spinal deviations or other physical or postural difficulties. Therefore, the audiovisual material created is novel, useful for teaching and learning anthropometric measurements and applicable both in academia and in daily clinical practice.

Comparison of Nasal Anthropometric Measurements of Turks Living in Different Geographical Regions

Aim: Determining the anthropometric characteristics of the nose, which is located in the center of the face, plays an important role not only in surgical procedures but also in identifying ethnic differences. This study aimed to examine the nasal similarities and differences between Kazakhs and Turks who have lived in different regions for more than a thousand years. Material and Methods: The study included 200 Turkish students and 200 Kazakh students. For each student, sixteen distance measurements and five angle measurements of the nose were taken. The photographs were taken using a digital camera mounted on a tripod, with a distance of 1.50 meters between the photographer and the student participating in the study. Digital photographs of the front, left side, and base of the nose were taken in the Frankfurt Horizontal Plan, which is the standard head position. The photographs were transferred to the DIGIMIZER software, where measurements were made using anthropometric points previously determined. Results: The findings reveal that among both societies, nasal measurements tend to be greater for males compared to females. Conversely, females exhibit higher nasofrontal (p=0.001) and nasolabial (p=0.001) angles compared to males. Moreover, Turks generally exhibit greater nasal length (p=0.001), width (p=0.001), and height (p=0.037) than Kazakhs, whereas tend to have lower nasofrontal (p=0.001) and nasolabial (p=0.001) angles than Kazakhs. Conclusion: Nasal anthropometric measurements for males were generally higher than for females. In addition, all measurements differed between Turks and Kazakhs. The results of this study will be useful for future anthropometric studies.

Anthropometric study of the scapula in a contemporary population from granada. Sex estimation and glenohumeral osteoarthritis prevalence.

Anthropometric studies of the scapula have been rare in Spanish populations, nevertheless they are of current interest in forensic anthropology for estimation of sex. Although the estimation of sex is usually carried out on the pelvis and skull, other measurements related to the scapula can be helpful when the skeletal remains are incomplete. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis development is influenced, among others, by the morphology of the scapula, which is one of the less studied aspects. We carried out a descriptive study of anthropometric parameters in a series of 157 scapulae (82 individuals) on bone remains dated to the 20th century from a population of Granada (Southern Spain). Seventy seven (49%) were right-side and 80 (51%) left-side; 72 (45.9%) were from males and 85 (54.1%) from females, and the mean age at death was 70.76±11.7 years. The objective was to develop a discrimination function for sex estimation based on anthropometric parameters of the scapula other than those considered to date, and to analyze the prevalence of glenohumeral osteoarthritis in relation to selected anthropometric parameters. A logistic regression model based on parameters of the upper-external segment of the scapula was done. The obtained formula: 1/1+e^ (- (-57.911 + 0.350*B + 0283*C + 0.249*b + 0.166*a +-0.100*β) classifies male sex with 98.3% accuracy and female sex with 92.1%. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis was detected in 16.6% of individuals and was related to age (p<0.05), scapular length (p<0.05), glenoid width (p<0.05), glenopolar angle (p<0.05), and α angle (p<0.05) in bivariate analyses but showed no significant associations in multivariate analyses. This approach can be useful for anthropological-forensic identification when scapula remains are incomplete. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis is significantly associated with a smaller α angle.

Anthropometric Study of Correlation between the Selected Craniofacial Measurements with the Stature in Adult Bangladeshi Manipuri Males

Cephalofacial anthropometry can be useful for racial identification, forensic scientist, physical anthropologist, genetic counsellors as well as reconstructive surgery for the purposes of identification of an individuals and understanding human physical variation, gender and ethnicity especially with facial recognition as a tool in recent advances in biometrics. Stature is one of the important criteria for personal identification which has a proportional biological relationship with every parts of the human body like head, face, trunk, extremities and vertebral column. In this study, our main goal is find out the correlation between the selected craniofacial measurements with the stature in Adult Bangladeshi Manipuri males. This cross-sectional study was carried out in 100 healthy adult males from March 2017 to February 2018 in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics and testing of hypotheses were used for the analysis using SPSS software (version 22.0). Here non- significant positive correlations of the stature with the mandible height and significant positive correlations of the stature with mandible breadth was found. The Mean (±SD) of Mandible height (sto-gn) was 4.44 (±0.69), Mandible breadth (go-go) was 11.45 (±0.57). This study will be anticipated to provide baseline quantitative data on the linear craniofacial measurements and the stature of adult Bangladeshi Manipuri males. And using larger samples with non-contact measurement technique will help in defining craniofacial anthropometric profiling of the adult Bangladeshi Manipuri males. Mugda Med Coll J. 2024; 7(1): 19-25

Anthropometric Study of Nasal Indices among the Akan People in the Assin Districts of Central Region, Ghana

Introduction: Nasal index (NI) may establish racial and ethnic identity and serves as a useful tool in forensic medicine and reconstructive surgery. Previous studies on nasal indices in many races and ethnicities serve as baseline and reference points for forensic and surgical purposes in those populations. However, there is scanty or no data on NI in Ghana including the Akan ethnicity. The study was conducted to provide baseline data on NI among the Akan people in the Assin Districts of the central region of Ghana. Materials and Methods: Four hundred adults between the ages of 20 and 58 years were used. Nasal height (NH) and nasal width (NW) were measured using Vernier caliper. NI computation and statistical analyses such as z-test and Pearson correlation were performed. Results: Mean NI of 91.32 ± 8.66 and 89.39 ± 10.16 were recorded in males and females, respectively, indicating that the predominant nose type in the study population is platyrrhine. There was a strong positive correlation between NH and NW, but there was no sexual dimorphism in NI among the Akan population. Discussion and Conclusion: This study provides a baseline data on NI anthropometry of the Akan people of the Assin Districts and will be a reference point for nasal anthropometry for clinical practice, rhinoplasty, and forensic science.

Estimation of Stature from Head Length and Head Breadth in Undergraduate Medical Students: An Anthropometric Study

Background: Height is a significant parameter for growth and development of an individual. The aim of our study is to estimate stature from Head Length (HL) and Head Breadth (HB) in living and to derive the correlation and regression formulae between them. Methods: This is a descriptive study. A total of one hundred and ninety four medical students, presently studying at Devdaha Medical College and Research Institute, aged between eighteen and twenty four years were selected as the subjects for the present study. Two skull measurements namely head length and head breadth were taken by following standards- Anthropometric methods and technique and the Standing height was measured using a stadiometer. Results: The Regression equation for stature of males using head length is 153.02+0.75HL and using head breadth is 141.65+1.67HB. The regression equation for stature in females using head length and breadth are 100.837+3.081HL and 112.23+3.002HB respectively. Conclusion: From our study we conclude that there is a weak positive correlation between height and head length in both males and females. The data obtained may be useful in anthropological research, forensic, genetic research, as well as in medical clinical practice.

Anthropometric Comparative Study of Nasal Morphology between Malaysian and Indonesian Populations

Nasal morphology is one of the most crucial anthropometric characteristics of the human face. Furthermore, the nose is a pivotal feature in constructing a biological profile. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the nasal morphology of 103 Malaysian and 109 Indonesians, totaling 212 individuals from both groups. A comprehensive analysis involved the measurement of 12 nasal morphological features. The statistical tool employed for the analysis was a t-test, which revealed significant differences in various parameters between Malaysians and Indonesians (p&lt;0.05). These findings demonstrate the statistical importance of nasal morphology in discerning racial and ethnic differences. This research suggests that nose measurements could be instrumental in resolving identity mysteries, making them valuable for forensic examination.

Facial measurements as predictors of the length of the maxillary central incisor in a cross-section of the Jeddah population- An anthropometric study

Facial measurements as predictors of the length of the maxillary central incisor in a cross-section of the Jeddah population- An anthropometric study

Assessment of Vitamin Concentrations in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Their Relationships with Thyroid Function, Biochemical Status, and Anthropometric Parameters-A Preliminary Study.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the leading cause of hypothyroidism, affecting mainly the female population. Many patients with HT have metabolic disorders and nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin D, A, E, B2, and B6 concentrations, thyroid function, metabolic profile, and anthropometric parameters of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In 81 female patients with HT (study group), vitamin A and B2 concentrations were significantly lower than in 34 healthy women (control group). No differences were noted in vitamin D, E, and B6 concentrations between groups. Moreover, HT patients had similar anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, and glucose and insulin concentrations compared to controls. This study showed some relationships between vitamin concentrations and anthropometric or biochemical profiles in HT patients. Among others, in the HT group, the concentration of vitamin D was positively correlated with the level of HDL and negatively correlated with BMI, total fat mass, and insulin level, which influence cardiovascular risk. The results indicate that patients with HT should be routinely tested for vitamin concentrations to prevent nutritional deficiencies. Further studies are also needed on the role of vitamins in the development and progression of HT and the presence of metabolic complications in this population.

Visceral fat lipolysis using high-dose multichannel non-ablative energy-based device: anthropometric, biochemical and imaging mri study

Visceral fat lipolysis using high-dose multichannel non-ablative energy-based device: anthropometric, biochemical and imaging mri study

Do Muscle Mass and Body Fat Differ Between Elite and Amateur Natural Physique Athletes on Competition Day? A Preliminary, Cross-Sectional, Anthropometric Study.

González-Cano, H, Martín-Olmedo, JJ, Baz-Valle, E, Contreras, C, Schoenfeld, BJ, García-Ramos, A, Jiménez-Martínez, P, and Alix-Fages, C. Do muscle mass and body fat differ between elite and amateur natural physique athletes on competition day? A preliminary, cross-sectional, anthropometric study. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 951-956, 2024-Natural physique athletes strive to achieve low body fat levels while promoting muscle mass hypertrophy for competition day. This study aimed to compare the anthropometric characteristics of natural amateur (AMA) and professional (PRO) World Natural Bodybuilding Federation (WNBF) competitors. Eleven male natural physique athletes (6 PRO and 5 AMA; age = 24.8 ± 2.3 years) underwent a comprehensive anthropometric evaluation following the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol within a 24-hour time frame surrounding the competition. The 5-component fractionation method was used to obtain the body composition profile of the muscle, adipose, bone, skin, and residual tissues. Five physique athletes exceeded the 5.2 cutoff point of muscle-to-bone ratio (MBR) for natural athletes. Professional physique athletes were older than AMA physique athletes (p = 0.05), and they also presented larger thigh girths (p = 0.005) and bone mass (p = 0.019) compared with AMA physique athletes. Although no statistically significant between-group differences were observed in body mass, height, or body fat levels, PRO physique athletes exhibited a higher body mass index (BMI; AMA: 24.45 ± 0.12; PRO: 25.52 ± 1.01; p = 0.048), lean body mass (LBM; AMA: 64.49 ± 2.35; PRO: 69.80 ± 3.78; p = 0.024), fat-free mass (FFM; AMA: 71.23 ± 3.21; PRO: 76.52 ± 4.31; p = 0.05), LBM index (LBMI; AMA: 20.65 ± 0.52; PRO: 21.74 ± 0.85; p = 0.034), and fat-free mass index index (FFMI; AMA: 22.80 ± 0.22; PRO: 23.83 ± 0.90; p = 0.037) compared with AMA physique athletes. These findings highlight the unique characteristics and anthropometric differences between PRO and AMA natural physique athletes on competition day, emphasizing the significance of age, thigh girth, bone mass, BMI, LBM, FFM, and FFMI in distinguishing these 2 groups. Based on our findings, the established boundaries for muscle mass in natural physique athletes, based on FFMI and MBR, warrant reconsideration.

Features Of Anthropometric Indicators of The Spine and Body Mass Index in Children 4-7 Years Old Residing In The City Of Shirin And In Bayaut District Of Sirdarya Region

Anthropometric studies of body mass index and spinal length in children were conducted and studied. Based on the results of the anthropometric examination, the differences in the results of the anthropometric examination of boys and girls aged 4-7 years living in rural and urban areas were analyzed. Based on these studies, the physical development of boys and girls aged 4–7 years living in urban areas was superior to the physical development of boys and girls aged 4–7 years living in rural areas.

ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE THIGH PARAMETERS THE STUDENTS OF BUKOVYNA

It is known that the factor that determines success in sports is the morphological features of the structure of the human body. In order to establish the anatomical characteristics of the thigh parameters of students of Bukovyna who play football and handball, followed by modeling for sports selection, a study was conducted of students of higher educational institutions of Bukovyna (n=129), of which young boys - n=69 and young girls - n=60. The subjects were divided into a main group - 89 students who improved by playing football and handball and a control group - 40 students who did not do the sports. Students of the main group, in addition to the physical activity that was included in the program of their specialty during the year, additionally attended sports sections in football and handball during the year. Medium-intensity training took place under the control of a trainer, the frequency of training was 3.43 ± 1.26 days/week (90 minutes each). Students of the control group did not do the sports. The initial survey was conducted in 2021 year, and the same students were resurveyed in 2022 year. All subjects were subjected to an anthropometric study, according to the method of P.P. Shaparenka (thigh circumference in the upper third, in the middle third and in the lower third, body weight, height). So, it was found that when comparing the first and second measurement, the thigh circumference indicators at the second measurement (in dynamics after one year) were slightly higher in students who play football (young boys and young girls) in the upper, middle and lower thirds than in students who play handball (for students who play football ±3.43 cm, for students who play handball ±2.12 cm). The model for predicting the circumference of the thigh in the upper third on the right: Cpr=β1 + β2 + 0.493w – 0.135h, where Cpr is the circumference of the thigh in the upper third (right), w is body weight, h is height, β1= (49.735 for girls and 44.489 for young men), β2= (–1.391 for the soccer group; –2.321 for the handball group), on the left: Cpl=β1 + β2 + 0.465w, where Cpl is the circumference of the thigh in the upper third (left), w is body weight, β1= ( 25.736 for girls and 20.147 for boys), β2= (–1.333 for the football group; –0.515 for the handball group).&#x0D; The model for predicting the circumference of the thigh in the middle of the right: Cmr=β1 + β2 + 0.460w – 0.183h, where Cmr is the circumference of the thigh in the middle of the right, w is body weight, h is height; β1= (52.567 for young girls and 48.930 for young boys), β2= (–2.235 for the football group; –1.968 for the handball group); on the left: Cml=β1 + β2 + 0.449w, where Cml is the thigh circumference in the middle of the left, w is body weight; β1= (20.716 for young girls and 20.943 for young boys), β2= (– 0.254 for the football group; –1.405 for the handball group). The model for predicting the circumference of the thigh in the lower third of the right: Cdr=β1 + β2 + 0.418w, where Cdr is the circumference of the thigh in the lower third of the right, w is body weight, β1= (25.560 for young girls and 20.165 for young boys), β2= (– 0.039 for the football group; 0.061 for the handball group); on the left: Cdl=β1 + β2 + 0.387w, where Cdl is the thigh circumference in the lower third on the left, w is body weight; β1= (24.638 for young girls and 18.523 for young boys), β2= (– 0.379 for the football group; –0.261 for the handball group). So, it is established that for significant predictors for predicting thigh circumference on the right in the upper and middle third are gender, sport, height and body weight, in the lower third are gender, sport and body weight, on the left are gender, sport and body weight.

Anthropometric measurements of male and female workers in bipedestation in the Venezuelan industrial direct labor force

In the Venezuelan labor context, there is scarce information associated with anthropometric measurements, due to the existing gaps in the field of ergonomics in Latin America and the Caribbean, of which there are few professionals trained in ergonomics. In this sense, it has affected the proper achievement of anthropometric studies that allow an adequate follow-up in the population in general and more specifically in the labor world. General objective: to measure and determine the anthropometric variables in standing position of Venezuelan workers in order to obtain more results in the field of occupational health. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, epidemiological and field study was carried out in a Venezuelan population of industrial direct labor workers in standing. The sample consisted of 185 workers (M:131, W:54) in the main industrial areas of the state of Aragua-Venezuela. The measuring instruments used in the investigation were: anthropometric tables for standing measurements, flexible tape measure for perimeter measurements and a wall height meter with a scale for weight measurements. The minitab-17 statistical package was used for the analysis and statistical study. Results: The study group consisted of 185 workers with an age range between 20-59 years; 131 men (70.8%) and 54 women (29.2%). The people evaluated had an average age of 43 years, their height x: 170.08 m, they are workers with 10 to 15 years of work experience, with wear and tear and possible pre-existing diseases, likewise, the female workers have an age x: 40.33 years and their height x: 156.27 cm, as well as the male worker have an average work experience between 10 and 15 years and possible pre-existing diseases. Conclusion: The study provides an approximation of anthropometric measurements in standing position of Venezuelan industrial direct labor workers (MODIV), which will allow the adaptation of workstations