Annual Tax Research Articles

Factors Affecting Individual Taxpayers on the Individual Taxpayers’ Annual Tax Return Reporting with Tax Sanctions as Moderating Variables at Pratama Medan Barat Tax Office

This study aims to empirically prove the effect of taxation knowledge, tax supervision, tax socialization, taxpayer awareness, and quality of tax services on individual taxpayers' annual tax return reporting with tax sanctions as a moderating variable. Respondents in this study were 100 individual taxpayers registered at Pratama West Medan. The sampling technique in this research is using the purposive sampling technique. The data used are primary. The data analysis tool used is SEM-PLS. The study results indicate that tax knowledge and tax service quality significantly affect reporting individual taxpayers' annual tax returns at the Pratama Medan Barat Tax Office. Tax sanctions are able to moderate the effect of taxation socialization on the reporting of the annual tax return of individual taxpayers at the Pratama Medan Barat Tax Office. However, it cannot moderate the effect of tax knowledge, tax supervision, taxpayer awareness and quality of tax services on the reporting of individual taxpayers' annual tax returns at the Pratama Medan Barat Tax Office. Keywords: tax knowledge, tax control, tax socialization, tax awareness, tax service quality, tax sanction, individual taxpayers' annual tax return reporting.

DAMPAK INSENTIF PPH PASAL 21 SAAT PANDEMI COVID19 TERHADAP TAKE HOME PAY DAN PELAPORAN SPT TAHUNAN

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of incentives Income Tax Article 21 for the withholding and reporting of the Annual income Tax a Permanent Employee. This type of research is descriptive research with case study approach of research about the status of subject of the study with respect to a specific phase or typical of the whole personality. The data were obtained from dokumetansi i.e. data earnings a permanent employee, the calculation of Income Tax Article 21, and form 1721 A1. The Unit of analysis in this research was the individual as a lecturer at the University of Y included in the KLU taxpayers affected by the pandemic Covid19.Income tax Article 21 for the Period of January to March to dependents of employees, thereby reducing the magnitude of the Take Home Pay received. From April to December, employees with certain criteria were given an incentive of income Tax Article 21 by the Government and income Tax withheld by the employer was given simultaneously with the monthly income. With the tax incentives it can increase the Take Home Pay received. Article 21 income tax Borne by the Government received by the employee from the employer is not taken into account as income subject to taxation. Therefore, it must be reported in the tax return (SPT) Annual Personal Income Tax. But in this case the employer does not provide data to the employee about the amount of income Tax Article 21 Borne by the Government.

Analysis of total cost of ownership and cost competitiveness of privately-owned electric vehicles in Nepal

TThe fossil fuel has been the dominant power source of the transportation all over the world in the past centuries. With the development of electric powertrain technology and growing concern over the detrimental effects of fossil fuel like greenhouse gas emission, the transport sector is transforming to electric globally. The Government of Nepal has also announced different policy measures as well as national plans to adapt to this growing trend of electric vehicle (EV) adoption. Since EVs are considered to have higher capital cost compared to the internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV), the operational cost differs significantly due to the different maintenance cost, electricity prices and separate tax policies. In this study, a model to calculate the total ownership cost of EVs and their ICEV counterparts is developed. The different parameters like purchase price, annual kilometer travel (AKT), annual tax and insurances, fuel and electricity prices, annual maintenance cost etc. are used to estimate the total cost of ownership per km (TCO/km) for the two wheeler EVs and ICEVs (E2W, ICE2W) and four wheeler EVs and ICEVs (E4W, ICE4W) along with different policies imposed by the government for such vehicles in two different scenario (i.e., before and after finance act 2020/2021). The sensitivity analysis of input parameters and the breakeven distance that makes EVs economical than ICEVs is also calculated.

A Analisis Penerapan E-Filling Dimasa Pandemi Covid 19 Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi

The purpose of this research is to determine the application of e-filling during the pandemic in increasing individual taxpayer compliance in submitting annual tax. The data analysis technique used in this study is a qualitative descriptive analysis method, namely by collecting data, processing data, analyzing data, conclude and providing interpretation. The results of the study are Tax Service Office in West Mataram in implementing e-filling during the covid 19 pandemic has been in accordance with the procedures based on tax laws and regulations on tax administration. The implementation of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the obstacles in disseminating the form of tax annual reports to taxpayers through e-filling. The compliance of individual taxpayers during the COVID-19 pandemic in reporting annual tax through e-filing is more constrained because individual taxpayers mostly report annual tax at the end of the reporting deadline, not all taxpayers understand technology such as computers, internet access and email, lack of knowledge of individual taxpayers in filling out annual tax report online so that there are many errors in filling out annual tax report. The network system on the website of the Directorate General of Taxes is often disrupted due to too many individual taxpayers accessing the website in the month of the annual tax report.

FORMAL TAX COMPLIANCE IN INDONESIA THROUGH ELECTRONIC TAX FILING: A CASE STUDY OF MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMEs)

The implementation of electronic tax filing provides convenience to taxpayers in reporting their annual tax returns. The adoption of this policy, especially for micro, small and medium enterprises, is illustrated through the number of MSME taxpayers who report Electronic Annual Tax Return to the number of MSMEs registered as taxpayers. Increases have not followed annual increases in the number of MSME taxpayers who report Annual Tax Return. We investigated the possible correlation between business size and formal tax compliance use: data from the Directorate General of Taxes at the province level in Indonesia for 2014 – 2018. We employed the aggregate business-level Micro, Small, and Medium electronic tax filing data combined with the Base Transceiver Station data at the provincial level. We found that micro and small-scale taxpayers e – filing rate has a positive and significant effect on formal tax compliance. Yet, both of them have a non-linear relationship to formal tax compliance. These results imply that size or business scale MSME taxpayers is associated with formal tax compliance, and greater benefits can be obtained in a province with a high microscale taxpayer's e – filing rate.

The Design of Covid-19 Recovery Contributions: Taxes or Social Security Contributions?

To cover the large financial spending caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, countries worldwide are forced to take substantial fiscal actions. This contribution takes a closer look at the extent to which EU law has an influence (restrictive or otherwise) on the freedom of Member States to opt for (additional) taxes and/or social contributions as a means to finance the (additional) deficits in their social security system. First, a brief numerical overview will be given of the various sources of financing and expenditures of social security in the European Union (II). Subsequently, the question will be addressed to which extent the concept of social security contributions under European Union law interferes with the national definition of taxes (III). The most relevant rulings of the European Court of Justice (CJEU) in this respect will be discussed (IV) followed by a number of final considerations (V). Covid-19 Recovery Contributions, Concept of tax, Social Security Contribution, Wealth Tax, Tax on (Real) Estate, Financing of Social Security, Regulation (EC) No 883/2004, Double Tax Convention, National (Tax) Sovereignty, Annual Tax on Securities Accounts

Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penyusutan Aktiva Tetap Dengan Metode Garis Lurus Pada SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Weleri berbasis Web

Information technology is a technology used to process data, including processing, obtaining, compiling, storing, manipulating data in various ways to produce relevant, accurate and timely information, which is used for personal, business and government purposes and is strategic information for decision making, in recording fixed assets for example, must be managed properly because the need for the data is frequent intensity, the number of items is not small so it is impossible to memorize, the calculation of depreciation of fixed assets of a company needs to be done at the end of every year because it will affect the book value and depreciation expense on the balance sheet and depreciation expense on fixed assets on the income statement. This depreciation calculation can also be used as a reference in the allocation to purchase new assets if the existing fixed assets can no longer be used.
 Obstacles in preparing depreciation reports if not resolved immediately will have a bad impact on schools, for example being late in submitting annual tax reports due to the long preparation of depreciation reports will result in schools being fined for being late in reporting the annual corporate tax return. With the accounting information system for depreciation of fixed assets, it is expected that it will facilitate officers in managing fixed asset data and depreciation reports. The new system that will be designed is web-based, so that it can be accessed at any time by interested parties and makes coordination time more effective.

The Tax Elasticity of Capital Gains and Revenue-Maximizing Rates

This paper uses a direct-projections approach to estimate the effect of capital gains taxation on realizations at the state level and then develops a framework for determining revenue-maximizing rates at the federal level. We find that the elasticity of revenues with respect to the tax rate over a 10-year period is −0.5 to −0.3, indicating that capital gains tax cuts do not pay for themselves and that a 5 percentage point rate increase would yield $18 to $30 billion in annual federal tax revenue. Our long-run estimates yield revenue-maximizing capital gains tax rates of 38 to 47 percent. (JEL E62, H25, H71)

Puhtpuistute hinna- ja kasumiküpsuse empiiriline analüüs Eesti majandusmetsades ning selle võrdlus uuendusraiet lubava vanusega

Abstract The article provides an overview of the results of the maturity age calculations for economically important tree species’ stands in Estonian commercial forests. The maturity by price is determined by a stand’s stumpage value per year of rotation. The maturity by net income (forest rent) is determined by the average annual net income of forest management, which is calculated based on the timber sales revenue, forest management costs and rotation period. The annual land tax and administrative costs have been included in the calculations, as well. The calculated maturity ages are compared with the required rotation ages stated in the Rules of Forest Management. According to the calculations, the maturity age by net income for pine stands in Ia and I site classes is 10…20 years lower than the current rotation age for regeneration felling. The maturity ages for spruce stands coincide with the current rotation ages. The calculated maturity ages by net income for aspen are about ten years higher than the current rotation ages. A comparison of the calculated maturity ages with the current rotation ages shows that these are rather similar.

Analysis of the annual vehicle tax payment service system using Petri net model

Service is the process of meeting needs through the activities of others directly. Service is usually synonymous with queues, and queues are what many people complain about. Most of the taxpayers complained about the queues, indirectly they would blame the poor service because of the queues that had piled up. Queues can be reduced by improving services, while one way to improve services is to analyze services using the Petri Net model. Petri Net is mathematical modeling for discrete event systems. Petri Net can be used to model and analyze algebraic problems of transportation networks, manufacturing systems, telecommunications networks, parallel process systems, and so on. In this study, a Petri Net Model of the annual vehicle tax payment service system was created as many as 16 places, 14 transitions, 2 operators, and 30 arcs using WOPED 3.2.0 software. The length of time for tax payment services for taxpayers who have completed the file is faster with a total time of 27 minutes compared to those who have not completed the file with a total time of 35 minutes. The Petri Net model of the annual type of vehicle tax payment service system can be presented in the form of a backward incidence and forward incidence matrix which is used to see the queuing pattern at Samsat Oku Timur 1 with a mathematical model. Columns in the backward incidence matrix can be used to determine which transitions are enabled.

The Taxation Revenue from Independent Activities Obtained from Exercising the Expert Accountant Profession

The article discusses a series of theoretical and practical aspects regarding the taxation of revenues from independent activities obtained from exercising the expert accountant profession. These taxpayers have the obligation to estimate the annual net revenue for the current year in order to determine the estimated annual tax and the social contributions in certain circumstances. They will have to submit the single tax return to the competent tax authority within the legal timeframe stated by the Fiscal Code. Next year taxpayers submit the single tax return until 25th of May and declare the actual revenues obtained in the current year in Chapter I, with the purpose of establishing the tax for the current year.

PENGARUH KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK DAN PENGETAHUAN PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DALAM MELAPORKAN SURAT PEMBERITAHUAN TAHUNAN (SPT) DITENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 DENGAN SANKSI PAJAK SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATOR

This study aims to determine the effect of taxpayer awareness and tax knowledge on taxpayer compliance inreporting Annual Tax Returns (SPT) in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic with tax sanctions as moderating variables for individual taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Pondok Gede. The research method used is a quantitative method. Data collection techniques were carried out using primary and secondary data types. The primary data was obtained from questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents and the secondary data was obtained from statistical data on annual SPT reporting at KPP Pratama Pondok Gede. Sampling using incidental sampling technique. The hypothesis test used is multiple linear regression analysis and moderated regression analysis with the interaction method. The results showed that Taxpayer Awareness had a positive effect on Taxpayer Compliance in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic on individual taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Pondok Gede. This study also shows that tax sanctions as a moderator are not able to moderate the effect of Taxpayer Awareness and Tax Knowledge in Taxpayer Compliance amid the Covid-19 Pandemic in individual taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Pondok Gede.

Segmentation of Potential Fraud Taxpayers and Characterization in Personal Income Tax Using Data Mining Techniques

This paper proposes an analytical framework that combines dimension reduction and data mining techniques to obtain a sample segmentation according to potential fraud probability. In this regard, the purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, it attempts to determine tax benefits that are more likely to be used by potential fraud taxpayers by means of investigating the Personal Income Tax structure. Secondly, it aims at characterizing through socioeconomic variables the segment profiles of potential fraud taxpayer to offer an audit selection strategy for improving tax compliance and improve tax design. An application to the annual Spanish Personal Income Tax sample designed by the Institute for Fiscal Studies is provided. Results obtained confirm that the combination of data mining techniques proposed offers valuable information to contribute to the study of tax fraud.

Review on Digital Transformation Policy of Directorate Generale of Taxes

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a reduction in face-to-face interaction between people. Changes in social interaction from offline to online need supporting facilities, both internet networks, computers, gadgets, and other items. The Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) as the government agency that collects state revenues from taxes, is constantly transforming towards improving public services, especially to taxpayers. Many applications of e-tax systems that have been developed by DGT are Nadine, e-faktur, e-billing, e-filling, and DJP Online. This electronic reporting has influenced the increase of Annual Tax Return reporting for the last three years.

Tarif Pajak, Sunset Clause, Peredaran Bruto, Kemanfaatan NPWP dan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak

MSME taxpayer compliance is still low, especially the compliance of taxpayers registered at the Tabanan Pratama Tax Service Office 2015-2020. This is reflected in the number of taxpayers who submit annual tax returns that are not proportional to the number of registered taxpayers. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of tax rates, sunset clause, gross circulation, and the benefits of Taxpayer Identification Numbers (TIN) on MSME taxpayer compliance. The number of samples used was 100 using accidental sampling. Data collection was carried out through interviews and questionnaires. The analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the tax rate, sunset clause, gross circulation, and TIN benefits had a positive effect on MSME taxpayer compliance.
 Keywords: Tax Rates; Sunset Clause; Gross Circulation; TIN Benefits; Taxpayer Compliance.

Socialization of the Importance of the Agency's SPT Strategy and Development UMKM Strategy in Parungpanjang District

The purpose of this research is to provide an understanding of the making of the Agency's Annual SPT and the development strategy of MSME-IKM and to find out what obstacles are faced during the MSME-IKM Kec Forum. Parungpanjang at the time of making the annual corporate tax return. To achieve this goal, training activities for the preparation of the Agency's Annual SPT were carried out in UMKM-IKM Kec. Parungpanjang. The method used in this research is through training and coaching activities. The data collection method used in this study is a quantitative and descriptive method, namely by reviewing, researching, and providing training and guidance to companies in recording transactions and making annual and periodic tax returns. Thus making the company more effective and efficient in dealing with financial reporting and tax reporting issues. This bookkeeping and recording becomes a very crucial thing because what is recorded or recorded will be the basis for every taxpayer to calculate the amount of tax owed. From the results of this study, financial transactions have not been properly recorded into financial statements, although simple because there are many obstacles in making the annual corporate tax return, one of the factors is that human resources or managers do not understand a

Socialization of the Importance of the Agency's SPT Strategy and Development UMKM Strategy in Parungpanjang District

The purpose of this research is to provide an understanding of the making of the Agency's Annual SPT and the development strategy of MSME-IKM and to find out what obstacles are faced during the MSME-IKM Kec Forum. Parungpanjang at the time of making the annual corporate tax return. To achieve this goal, training activities for the preparation of the Agency's Annual SPT were carried out in UMKM-IKM Kec. Parungpanjang. The method used in this research is through training and coaching activities. The data collection method used in this study is a quantitative and descriptive method, namely by reviewing, researching, and providing training and guidance to companies in recording transactions and making annual and periodic tax returns. Thus making the company more effective and efficient in dealing with financial reporting and tax reporting issues. This bookkeeping and recording becomes a very crucial thing because what is recorded or recorded will be the basis for every taxpayer to calculate the amount of tax owed. From the results of this study, financial transactions have not been properly recorded into financial statements, although simple because there are many obstacles in making the annual corporate tax return, one of the factors is that human resources or managers do not understand a

PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION AND REPORT SUBMISSION BY FARMS

The article reveals the role, significance, features of the formation and submission of reports by farms. Attention is drawn to the fact that at the present stage the problems of transformation of the domestic agricultural sector are intensifying. Farming is considered one of the most common forms of entrepreneurial activity in the agricultural sector. In an uncertain, ever-changing environment, the effective functioning of an enterprise often depends on the ability to develop and implement creative management decisions based on analytical information. In order for all farm reporting to be as useful as possible, it should be simpler in structure and order of filling and at the same time – concise. The composition and reporting structure of farms depends on the one hand on the types of accounting, and on the other – on the information needs of users. In addition, the organizational and legal form of the entity and the form of accounting should be considered. If the farm is established in the form of a legal entity, it is subject to the requirements of mandatory accounting. The peculiarities of the organization of farm accounting and reporting are determined. It is noted that in addition to the volume of activity, other factors also influence, among which it is worth noting the specialization, the number of business transactions, the system of taxation of the farm. The specifics of financial and statistical reporting of farms as legal entities and natural persons-entrepreneurs are revealed. A farm as a legal entity compiles the same reports as a regular agricultural enterprise. A farm (natural person-entrepreneur) prepares reports as an ordinary natural person-entrepreneur. Peculiarities of formation and submission of tax reporting are investigated. If the farm is on the general system of taxation, it is obliged to file a declaration of income tax (the form approved by the order of the Ministry of Finance dated 20.10.2015 № 897 as amended). Taxpayers who are registered during the reporting (tax) year (newly created) pay income tax on the basis of an annual tax return for the period of activity in the reporting (tax) year. If the farm is on a simplified taxation system, it will submit, depending on the selected group, either a declaration of a single taxpayer of the third group (legal entity), or a declaration of a single taxpayer of the fourth group (form of declaration approved by order of the Ministry of Finance from 19.06.2015 № 578 with changes). It is established that farms that own or rent wells and are required to report in accordance with IFRS. Such reporting is subject to publication together with the auditor's report on its website (in full). The impact of qualitative characteristics of reporting and the principles of its formation on the completeness of economic processes and features of economic activity in the reporting system.

PENTINGNYA PENGETAHUAN PAJAK DAN SOSIALISASI PAJAK KEPADA CALON WAJIB PAJAK MASA DEPAN

<p><em>Tax</em><em>ation</em><em> is the most important state revenue. This can be seen in the posture of the 2020 and 2021 RAPBN (</em><em>Drafted</em><em> </em><em>State Revenue and Expenditure Budget), where in the 2020 State Budget the state revenue is 2,233.2 trillion and 1,865.7, which is equivalent to 83.53%, which is the target of domestic revenue which is comes from taxation sector revenues. Only 16.47% of the targeted state revenue comes from non-tax revenues. Therefore, the importance of taxation is introduced and socialized early on by the taxation authority in Indonesia, namely The Directorate General of </em><em>Taxes</em><em>, Finance Ministry of the Republic Of Indonesia (DGT, Ministry Of Finance, RI). This is mandatory because there are still many general public as taxpayers who still do not have awareness of the importance of this taxation. From the data in the 2019 Annual Report of the DGT of the Ministry Of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, It can be seen that the ratio of of taxpayer compliance in Indonesia to compliance in the submission of tax returns (SPT ) Annual Tax in 2019 for Individual Taxpayers (WPOP) the compliance ratio of both employees and non-employees is 73.23% and 75.93%, this figure is still far from the maximum compliance level of Individual Taxpayers to be achieved by Government. Therefore, real action is needed from the Directorate General of Taxes, Finance Ministry of The Republic Of Indonesia (DGT, Finance Ministry of The Republic Of Indonesia) to carry out tax counseling activities in collaboration with the academic community Which Is included in the strategic planning of the DGT of Finance Ministry of The Republic Of Indonesia in 2019, namely theme Of increasing tax knowledge and skills where the target is future taxpayers are students who are in high school (SMU). This activity has been carried out by the DGT of Finance Ministry of Republic Of Indonesia in collaboration with several educational institutions, both schools and universities, of which in 2019 there were 1,092 prospective taxpayers (Class X-XII SMA). Therefore, Bunda Mulia University as one of the higher education institutions that has a Tax Center and cooperates and is under Guidance of tthe DGT of Finance Ministry of Republic Of Indonesia, in this case the North Jakarta Regional Tax Office, participates in supporting outreach activities carried out by the DGT of Finance Ministry of Republic Of Indonesia by conducting Community Service activities. . This PKM activity was carried out for class XI students at </em><em>SMK </em><em>Budi Asih</em><em> and class XII</em><em> </em><em>students at SMK Dharmasava with </em><em>online through the media google meeting (G-meet) on February 15, 2021, considering that the current COVID-19 pandemic condition in Indonesia and the world makes PKM activities impossible. done face to face. Furthermore, as many as 53 PKM participants who were individuals who attended SMK Budi Asih, participated in this PKM activity. As for after the PKM activity was held, the authors hope that all individuals who attend SMK Budi Asih can better understand the importance of tax knowledge and tax socialization to ensure that these students, who are prospective future taxpayers, can become obedient taxpayers, so that revenue from the taxation sector which is the main state revenue can be met with the target of state revenue.</em></p>

The economic arguments for and against a wealth tax

AbstractThis paper asks when a wealth tax would, in principle, be a desirable part of the tax system, setting aside the practicalities and politics that would be crucial in reality. The case for a one‐off wealth tax is simple. If it were unexpected and credibly one‐off – a major challenge in practice – this would be an efficient way to raise revenue and could be used to address existing wealth inequality. Whether such a tax is desirable hinges on whether it is considered fair, about which reasonable people will differ. Making the case for an annual wealth tax, which would affect future wealth accumulation as well as existing wealth, is less straightforward. It requires explaining why it is better to tax the same wealth every year – penalising those who save – rather than raising the same revenue by taxing all sources of wealth once when they are received (and/or when they are spent). Such a case can be made based on subtle arguments for why taxing wealth might help to ease the trade‐off between redistribution and work incentives; and a wealth tax might also be justified if holding on to wealth, rather than spending it, benefits the holder or harms others. These theoretical arguments probably justify some taxation of wealth in principle, though we have little basis for judging the appropriate level, so only part of the theoretical benefit could be attained. It is questionable whether the achievable benefits outweigh the costs of an imperfect wealth tax in practice.There are strong reasons to radically reform how we currently tax the sources/uses of wealth; this includes reforming capital income taxes in order to properly tax high returns. An annual wealth tax would be a poor substitute for doing that. But to the extent that taxes remain imperfect and that responses to a wealth tax would not affect revenue from other taxes (such as on income, expenditure and bequests), there may be a benefit to adding a wealth tax in order to diversify sources of revenue and prevent any one tax getting too high – though that must be weighed against the extra administrative burdens of having another tax.