Ancient Research Articles

Provenance and tectonic intricacies revealed by in situ Rb-Sr dating of detrital micas

The use of detrital minerals to reconstruct sedimentary provenance is subject to a range of biases, which may reduce the geological information they retain. With the advent of in situ Rb-Sr geochronology, rapid analyses of a representative (>100) number of grains can now be performed on radiogenic Sr-bearing minerals to provide more comprehensive knowledge of source-to-sink processes. Here, we test the in situ Rb-Sr technique on detrital white mica and biotite from basin margin and axis in a simple rift basin (Perth Basin, Australia) for which previously published detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data exist. For the basin margin adjacent to Archean basement, which has unimodal detrital zircon ages at c. 2600 Ma, two mica samples reveal a dominant age peak at c. 500 Ma, reflecting thermal resetting in the craton proximal to the Gondwanan orogenic front, and a subordinate portion of Archean mica detritus that can be interpreted as having been distally sourced (>100 km away). Similarly, a basin axis sample yielded minor c. 1200 Ma apparent mica ages, representing distal sources from the Albany-Fraser-Wilkes Orogen, and c. 500 Ma grains are likely a resetting product. Whilst obscured in the detrital zircon record, mica samples allow quantification of the relative contributions of distal and proximal sources to the basin. Finally, detrital biotite that was (partially) altered to chlorite yielded partially to fully reset ages between c. 500 and 130 Ma, the latter linked to heating from the c. 137–130 Ma Bunbury Basalt. Ultimately, the use of in situ Rb-Sr geochronology from detrital micas reveal previously unrecognized provenance and tectonic information that is critical to understanding the true complexity of ancient geological histories, but which remains obscured in standard detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology.

Moringa oleifera and its Secondary Metabolites: Chemistry, Properties and Antidiabetic Potentiality

Abstract: Secondary metabolites present in different natural resources possess multiple biological activities. Diabetes is one of the leading disease all over the world in current time, and higher in numbersthan the deadliest cancer disease. According to the WHO about 422 million people are suffering from diabetes and most of them are even unaware that they are living with the condition. In recent times research in natural medicinal plants has achieved a great success in the management of different diseases and disorders. Moringa oleifera is one of the most common medicinal and nutritious plant among the family of moringaceae, found in almost all over India. The tree with it's almost every edible part makes it a versatile natural medicinal source. The secondary metabolites present within it make this plant a rich biological resource. Among various classes of secondary metabolites alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, sterols etc. are present in moringa tree. The principle potent compound responsible for emerging antidiabetic property of Moringa is 4-(α-Lrhamnopyranosyloxy) benzyl glucosinolate. In this review we summarise specifically the antidiabetic activity of this multipurpose natural plant and it's phytochemistry. Since ancient times this plant has been used as anti-diabetic agent in sub continental regions. Mostly phytoconstituents obtained from leaves are responsible for its outstanding antidiabetic property. Research on antidiabetic property of M. oleifera by different scientists proved that Moringa is one of the finest natural medicinal plants in the management of diabetes with least toxicity.

An Analysis on the Historical Transformation and Consequences of the Relationship Between Theoria and Techne

The subject of this study is the historical transformation of the relationship between the concepts of theory/theoria and techne/techne-logie. Methodologically, the meanings of theoria and techne in ancient Greece are taken as reference. Then, it is explained how this relationship, in which theoria is in a privileged position, has changed with the modern period and where the process has evolved. The aim of the study is to explain the risks of techne, whose relationship with theoria has been severed. Theoria is the activity of thinking about and questioning something. Since it was an end in itself, it was considered a divine activity in ancient times. Techne, on the other hand, was the knowledge of making and doing something. The knowledge of the craftsman was such a knowledge and it was instrumental. With the modern period, the transformative effect of technological developments on nature and society ensured that it was perceived in an impartial, irreversible and positive way. Despite the destructive effects it caused, technology became a commodity and a goal. Considering that today, technology has exceeded the dimension of digitalization and we have entered the era of intelligent robots, albeit artificial, it is a necessity to re-establish the connection between techne-logie and theoria.

Cultural entrepreneurship in Shakespeare’s Italy

This study deals with Shakespeare's work in Italy and how it has been used today in the form of cultural entrepreneurship. The three famous works he inspired and wrote about the Veneto region, namely "The Merchant of Venice", "Romeo and Juliet", and "The Taming of the Shrews" have been a trigger for many travelers to visit Italy since ancient times even in the context of the "Big Tour". Today the cities mentioned in the works and especially Verona have developed cultural entrepreneurship in the footsteps of "Romeo and Juliet".

THE ARS MORIENDI, MANUALS FOR A GOOD DEATH IN WESTERN EUROPE FROM THE 15TH TO THE 16TH CENTURIES

The subject of death has been studied since ancient times, although the last moment of a human being's life has not always been interpreted from the same perspective. This article studies the spirituality of the 15th-16th centuries in western Europe and describes the change in attitude towards death. Since the Council of Constance, death, far from being considered a reason to instill fear, comes to be understood as a necessary transit. After the particular judgment that confronts the forces of good and evil, the eternal salvation or the condemnation of the soul is debated in the room of the dying. Based on the influence that Jean Gerson's work had on the Council of Constance, editions and translations were printed in various languages in Europe, some of which were typographic and others included figures with the intention of serving as a guide to the contemplation of the faithful, among which the literary translation of Bernardí Vallmanya’s Cordial de l’ànima stands out.

The Archaeology and Cultural Heritage of the Mafia Archipelago, Tanzania: Recommendations for Conservation and Management

ABSTRACT This paper reflects on the status of conservation and management of the cultural heritage of the Mafia archipelago, Tanzania, by examining six sites: the stone town sites of Kisimani Mafia and Kua, Ukunju Cave, Mwamba Ukuta, Chole Island ruins, and Bwejuu Island. These sites constitute a rich archaeological record, extending from ancient time through the medieval to the recent past. Mafia’s rich cultural heritage has attracted multiple phases of archaeological research since the mid-1950s. Despite being well known, the archipelago’s heritage places face serious conservation and management challenges of both natural and anthropogenic origins. Natural challenges include severe wave erosion, while anthropogenic ones include looting and relentless pressure from development projects. We propose specific recommendations for addressing these challenges, underpinning the need to develop sustainable heritage tourism that will stimulate community heritage awareness and promote conservation.

Neurorhetoric: Rhetoric Intersection with Neuroscience

Abstract: Neurorhetoric examines the cognitive and neurological underpinnings of successful persuasive communication. This article seeks to examine the convergence of rhetoric and neuroscience by looking at the rhetorical framework established by Aristotle, which includes ethos, pathos, and logos. The assumption is that the integration of rhetoric with neuroscience has the potential to greatly enhance the practical relevance of rhetoric approaches in fields such as education, politics, marketing, healthcare, etc. The study employs methods of desk research and critical review of foundational and contemporary scientific publications in the fields of rhetoric, neurorhetoric, and psychology. Future studies should prioritize the advancement of the theoretical and empirical foundations of neurorhetoric. Collaboration between experts in rhetoric, linguistics, and neuroscience among others, will facilitate the achievement of this goal. Collective efforts like this will enhance our comprehension of the complex interaction between the brain, lan¬guage, and persuasion. Exploring the neural mechanisms of persuasion is a rela¬tively new field of research, even though the art of persuasion and argumentation, known as rhetoric, has been practiced since ancient times. Neurorhetoric explores the intersection between different rhetorical canons, such as ethos, pathos, and logos, and specific brain functions. This investigation focuses on both real-world and virtual communication contexts. Keywords: rhetoric, persuasion, cognitive processes, neuroscience, neu¬rorhetoric.

THE ARS MORIENDI, MANUALS FOR A GOOD DEATH IN WESTERN EUROPE FROM THE 15TH TO THE 16TH CENTURIES

The subject of death has been studied since ancient times, although the last moment of a human being's life has not always been interpreted from the same perspective. This article studies the spirituality of the 15th-16th centuries in western Europe and describes the change in attitude towards death. Since the Council of Constance, death, far from being considered a reason to instill fear, comes to be understood as a necessary transit. After the particular judgment that confronts the forces of good and evil, the eternal salvation or the condemnation of the soul is debated in the room of the dying. Based on the influence that Jean Gerson's work had on the Council of Constance, editions and translations were printed in various languages in Europe, some of which were typographic and others included figures with the intention of serving as a guide to the contemplation of the faithful, among which the literary translation of Bernardí Vallmanya’s Cordial de l’ànima stands out.

Evaluation of the Activity of Olibanum Oil as an Immune Booster in Rats

The applications of herbal medicine have recently acquired growing interest in range of the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases. Olibanum has been used since ancient eras and several reports studied the pharmacological characteristics of boswellic acid, particularly their effect on the inflammatory response, analgesic properties, and anti-arthritic activity mostly in cell lines, but new approaches include animal models to assess these natural derivatives effects taking into consideration of being safer than synthetic preparations. The impact of olibanum oil on several parameters was studied in rats during this study. These included white blood cell (WBC) count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C reactive protein (CRP), as well as other pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and the cytokine interleukin -10 (IL-10) that is anti-inflammatory. Total WBCs in addition to IL-10 levels significantly increased in the oil-treated group in comparison with the control one, while the rats treated with olibanum oil revealed a significant reduced level of LDH, CRP, IL-6 and TNF- α compared with the controls (p < 0.05). These outcomes indicate that olibanum oil treatment are manifested by cytokine changes, it can improve the anti-inflammatory response and down-regulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines. So, the promising impact of olibanum oils as an immunomodulator could be used in alternative therapies.

Wandalowie w Hiszpanii i Rzymie, czyli Macieja z Miechowa (1457–1523) metoda badania dziejów

In the article Robert K. Zawadzki examines the representation of the Vandals in the historical work entitled Chronica Polonorum of Maciej of Miechów. This race who settled on the south coast of the Baltic Sea provided fertile ground for the Polish writer to articulate his ideas about the origins of the Polish nation. By examining these historical tales, the author shows how the author constructed an image of journeys of the great nation in keeping with the patriotic and moralistic goals and context of his own work, while individually creating a vision of Poles as Vandals who occupied Transdanubian Pannonia, attacked the Roman provinces, devastated wide areas of Gaul, crossed into Spain, moved into North Africa and captured Rome. This combination of such historical narrative material aims to highlight both the splendor of ancient Polish history and the fundamental unity of the Polish and European history.

Il contributo delle Digital Humanities per un approcio allo studio dell’epigrafia Ispano-Romana

Within the various research areas of Ancient History, Digital Humanities have gained a significant role in recent years. However, in the more specific field of Epigraphy, which is the topic of this contribution, although the usefulness of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has begun to be evaluated, these resources have largely been used as a complementary tool and not as an integral part of the epigraphic discipline. For this reason, it can be to present and describe those ICT-related tools that can be consider fundamental for a modern epigraphic study, with a particular focus on the Latin epigraphy of Roman Hispania.

Obraz życia kobiet na podstawie "Lizystraty" oraz "Sejmu kobiet" Arystofanesa

It is common knowledge that in ancient times women did not have many rights that were assigned only to men, such as the right to education, owning their own property or freely choosing a partner. The aim of the article is to present the image of the life of women in ancient Greece, with particular emphasis on the citizens of Athens during the Peloponnesian War and after its end, based on two comedies by Aristophanes: Lysistrata and Assemblywomen. By highlighting some stereotypes regarding women, the comedy writer draws attention to the chaos that prevails in political matters for which men are responsible. Women make a kind of transition from the zone of oikos intended for them to the zone of polis, becoming the main characters of comedy.

Analysis of the idioms of (head) in Kurdish language, from the perspective of cognitive linguistics

This study is entitled (Analysis of the idioms of (head) in Kurdish language, from the perspective of cognitive linguistics). Language is one of the most important human achievements and occupies a large space in human life. Therefore, since the ancient times, humans have paid attention to it and tried to understand its secrets. Idioms are an important part of any language, and studying them helps us to understand the relationship between idioms and metaphors. The school of cognitive linguistics looks at idioms differently from all other linguistic schools. Other linguistic schools have studied the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of idioms and viewed them as fixed and inseparable structures and expressions. However, the cognitive linguists have a completely different view; they see idioms as conceptual metaphors and interpret every conceptual metaphor in terms of the conceptual matching and interaction between the source and target fields. Our study is an interpretation of the idioms of (head) from the school of cognitive linguistics’ perspective, in light of the theory of conceptual metaphor, the interpretation of idioms has been conducted. In general, the study consists of the introduction, two chapters, the results and the list of references. The first chapter discusses the perception of both schools of ancient and cognitive linguistics for idioms as well as the theory of conceptual metaphor, types of conceptual metaphors and metaphorical interaction between the source and target fields. In the second chapter, the idioms of (head) have been analyzed according to the theory of conceptual metaphor, followed by the results and a list of references.

The Mean Value Theorem and It’s Application

The Mean Value Theorem (MVT) is the central theorem of differential Calculus. It’s the major tool to research on function, also bridging the gap between function and derivative. There are lot of researchers focus on it from ancient times until now. This article introduces details about two mean theorems include the Rolle’s Theorem and Lagrange Theorem. This paper uses the sample question and refutation to explain the conditions of the theorems, thus addressing the questions that many students will ask when learning definitions of these theorems. The article later examines the application of the MVT. The proof of the unique existence of roots and the inequality is included. The Mean Value Theorem reveals the link between the macroscopic, overall properties for a function on an interval and the microscopic, localized properties of the function at a point. The significance of the application for the mean value theorem is profound, not only promoting the development of mathematical analysis theory, but also playing an important role in multiple fields

A Newly Bio-Based Material for the Construction Industry Using Gypsum Binder and Rice Straw Waste (Oryza sativa)

Construction is one of the economic sectors with the greatest influence on climate change. In addition to working procedures, the primary carbon footprint is attributed to the choice of materials and the energy required for their manufacturing. The underlying idea of this study is to minimize the effects and offer new solutions to emerging problems in the quest for materials that can be deemed as natural, such as gypsum (calcium sulphate dihydrate) and rice straw (Oryza sativa). The acquisition of these materials involves a lower carbon footprint compared to the conventional materials. It is well known since ancient times that gypsum and cereal straw can be used in construction, with numerous examples still available. Cereal straw is one of the oldest construction materials, traditionally combined with earth and occasionally with certain binders, with it continuing to be employed in construction in many countries to this day. This work showcases the feasibility of producing stable prefabricated elements from straw waste with construction gypsum, addressing a significant environmental concern posed by the alternative of having to burn such materials. In this study, for the proposed bio-based material, specific tests, such as thermal conductivity, flexural and compressive strength, and fire resistance, were carried out to evaluate the principal physical and mechanical characteristics for different compositions of water, gypsum, and straw fiber samples. The results highlighted the good performance of the proposed materials in order to spread their use in the green building industry. The addition of straw fibers improved, in different ways, some important physical characteristics of these components so as to diminish environmental pollution and to obtain better material performance. The tests highlighted the different behaviors of the proposed material with respect to the different cuts of the straw and as well as the water/gypsum ratio; this is not very well understood and probably depends on the micro structure of the straw fibers. The blocks with raw straw showed a significant improvement in the breaking mechanism (1775.42 N) compared to the blocks with cut straw (712.26 N) when subjected to bending tests, and their performance in compression tests was also acceptable. Additionally, a very interesting reduction in thermal conductivity was achieved by incorporating rice straw (0.233 W/mK), and high fire exposure times were obtained, with gypsum preventing the spread of ignition in any type of fiber.

Navigational Insights during the Reign of Cyrus the Great: A Comprehensive Examination Based on Archaeological Findings Such as Clay Tablets, Reliefs, and an Analysis of Historical and Literary Texts

One of the earliest indications of Iranian navigation during the Achaemenid period is a relief found in the audience hall of Cyrus the Great in Pasargadae, bearing the appellation “God of Water and Sea.” The primary focus of this article is to investigate whether navigation and maritime activities during the reign of Cyrus the Great were influenced by and expanded upon Phoenician techniques and Mesopotamian regions. Prior studies have generally taken a historical and overarching approach to this subject. Since complete trust cannot be placed in historical references and texts, and given the existence of certain deficiencies and even contradictions in the writings of ancient historians such as Herodotus, Xenophon, and others, this research aims to shed new light on the obscure aspects of navigation and seafaring during this era, relying on archaeological findings such as the clay tablets, relief, and a reexamination of previous literary and historical texts. This article employs an analytical-descriptive methodology and a library-based approach. Among the archaeological findings from this period, a total of two reliefs in Pasargadae and two clay tablets are subject to investigation and research. The examination of the artifacts and findings from Pasargadae demonstrates that the Achaemenids indirectly came under the influence of Phoenician art and Mesopotamian regions concerning navigation. Furthermore, in the pursuit of maritime development, trade, and shipping, they were directly influenced by the Phoenicians. With the acquisition of maritime power, they successfully annexed many neighboring lands to their powerful empire.

The concept of personality and national identity in contemporary Kazakh prose

Colonialism has had a profoundly negative impact on national consciousness. Although the Republic of Kazakhstan has gained independence, it has not yet fully overcome the adverse effects of colonialism on its national consciousness. A portion of the Kazakh people has been Russified. Meanwhile, the younger generation, raised in their native language, either lacks a deep understanding of or is gradually forgetting the foundations of national identity that date back to ancient times. During the Soviet era, communist ideology prevented the population from truly knowing their history, traditions, and beliefs. In this context, literature plays a crucial role in reviving national memory. This article examines the concept of personality in literary works and the uniqueness of national identity based on the works of several contemporary authors. The introduction provides an overview of researchers’ conclusions related to the concept of personality. The ancient origins of national identity—sacred elements, rituals, shamanism, and the mystical connections between humans, nature, and animals—as depicted in literary works are analyzed within the dynamics of the present day, alongside the fates of the characters. The desecration of sacred elements is not merely ignorance but a sign of the erasure of national memory; rituals are not just words but embody sacred concepts accumulated from centuries of the people’s experience, which are reflected in the works. Accordingly, the research article analyzes and provides examples from several literary works. In compiling conclusions about the concept of personality, the study utilized descriptive, biographical, and socio-psychological methods to describe national identity in literary works and its ancient manifestations, as well as the depiction of sacred elements and rituals.

Dowry Practice and Rural Society: An Investigation of Khanshama Upazila in Bangladesh

Abstract The practice of the dowry has gradually been spreading in Bangladesh society since the ancient time. The main objective of this study was to explore social implications of this dowry practice in the Hindu Community of Bangladesh. The study area is purposively selected and 351 household heads were interviewed using purposive sampling. A total number of marriage ceremonies took in the last two decades is 526. This study found variation in the dowry amount across the social classes and also noticed various reasons, some of them are bettering daughter's marital life, upgrading social status, unwillingness of groom's family in marriage without dowry and so on. All these factors led people to sell or mortgage their most valuable properties (cattle, land, the gold ornament and so on). It concludes that such kind of the cursed system is a furuncle to the poorer section of the society.

Uncovering the Secrets of Motion: A Literature Review of Lagrange and Newtonian Mechanics

Physics is a branch of natural science. Since ancient times, humans have been interested in the movement of objects around them and motion is an area studied in mechanics. This research aims to understand the principles of mechanics in Lagrange and Newtonian mechanics for solving motion problems and their applications. The method used is the literature review method. Literature is a comprehensive overview of previous research on a particular topic. Literature review is a systematic process for identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing previously published scientific works on a particular topic. There are 20 sources used, consisting of books and scientific journals. The research results show that motion is an object that experiences movement from one place to another. Problems of motion of objects can be solved using the laws and principles of Newtonian and Lagrange mechanics. Lagrange mechanics is used to solve complex problems that cannot be solved with Newtonian mechanics. Lagrange mechanics focuses on the forces that cause objects to move, while Newtonian mechanics focuses on the energy that causes objects to move.

Investigation of Higher Education Students' Computational Thinking Skill Levels

Computational thinking skill is a skill that has its origins in ancient times but has gained importance today. The competences provided to individuals by computational thinking skills are also of great importance for the education system. Therefore, it is important for students to acquire and develop these skills in order to adapt to the requirements of the modern world. Based on this, in this study, the level of information processing thinking skills of higher education students was examined and the level of this skill was investigated in line with different variables. 'Computational Thinking' scale was used as a data collection tool in the study. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale. 96 was calculated as. Demographic characteristics such as gender, department, class and education level were taken into consideration. Quantitative research method was used in the study. The research was conducted with 298 participants studying in higher education. In the analysis of the data, independent t-test and ANOVA analyses were applied to determine the score differences between the groups. As a result of the study, higher education students were found to have high levels of computational thinking skills. Gender was found to be effective on computational thinking skills. As the level of education increased, it was determined that computational thinking skills increased. It was seen that the education given in different departments had an effect on computational thinking skills. Finally, it was found that there were significant changes in students' computational thinking skills as their grade level increased.