Analytical Study Research Articles

Prediction of compressive strength of cross‐shaped stub CFSTs under axial loading: Numerical and analytical study

AbstractSpecial‐shaped concrete‐filled steel tubes (CFSTs) have been used in modern structures like high‐rise commercial and residential buildings due to their superior structural performance compared to steel and reinforced concrete members. Various shapes of special‐shaped CFSTs might be necessary to meet architectural and aesthetic needs. Cross‐shaped CFSTs could be used where two orthogonal walls cross in high‐rise buildings. However, at present, the research on the compressive performance of cross‐shaped CFSTs is limited, consequently, the unavailability of design guidelines and design‐oriented strength prediction models. Therefore, in this study, a finite element (FE) model of cross‐shaped CFSTs was developed following the past experimental data, and the model's accuracy was verified by the failure modes and load–strain curves of specimens. Sensitivity analysis was performed for some parameters of the concrete damaged plasticity model besides imperfections and residual stress. The parametric analysis was conducted considering various study parameters such as the width‐to‐thickness ratio, width‐to‐depth ratio, and steel and concrete strengths. The compressive strength of cross‐shaped CFSTs was predicted by different design codes and available design formulas, which gave unsatisfactory results necessitating the development of new strength prediction models. Finally, a new design formula was developed by performing a linear regression of FE and test results. The proposed formula predicted the strength of cross‐shaped CFSTs with great accuracy and can be used for design purposes.

Physical Activity and Climacteric Symptoms Among Premenopause Women

Women experience physical changes before menopause. Women experience climacteric conditions caused by decreased reproductive hormones, so they experience the climacteric period. Climacteric is 4-5 years that occurs before menopause. Women experience problems during the climacteric period, such as hot flashes, sleep disorders, mood swings, and increased osteoporosis. Physical activity with conscious body movements produced by skeletal muscles requires energy expenditure. Physical activity includes all activities, with the intensity to help climacteric symptoms. This research aimed to identify the correlation between physical activity and climacteric symptoms. This research design used an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was 72 women of premenopausal age, and it was obtained by cluster sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The data analysis was the Kendal Tau test. The results of this study were 44.86 ± 3.041%, and the average number of children in this study was 2.76 ± 1.157%, elementary school education level was 47.2%, unemployed was 81.9%, respondents who did not use contraception hormonal and non-hormonal as many as 86.1%, respondents who did high physical activity were 93.1%, and respondents who did not have climacteric symptoms were 97.2%. The results of the Kendal Tau test showed a value (ρ value = 0.000), so there was a relationship between physical activity and climacteric symptoms in premenopausal women. In conclusion, physical activity has a relationship with climacteric symptoms in premenopausal women

Imam Al-Bukhari’s Biographies in his Authentic Hadith Book Chapters on Man Statements: An Analytical Study

Imam Al-Bukhari’s Biographies in his Authentic Hadith Book Chapters on Man Statements: An Analytical Study

Extraarticular manifestations of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and their impact on health-related quality of life.

The objective of this study is to investigate extraarticular manifestations (EAMs) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and assess their impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among these patients. This cross-sectional analytic study was carried out on 117 patients with JIA. EAMs were identified clinically by history and examination. Sicca symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, enthesitis, and skin lesions were picked up during clinical examination. Pulmonary involvement was evaluated by high-resolution CT chest. Patients were assessed by abdominal ultrasonography to assess the size of liver and spleen. Atlantoaxial subluxation was evaluated by cervical spine x-rays. Patients were evaluated by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory-4 (PedsQL-4) and PedsQL-3 arthritis module. The median age of patients was 14years with a median disease duration 4years, 82.9% were females. Of the studied 117 JIA patients, 85 patients (72.6%) had at least one EAM. Persistent fatigue (51.3%) was the most prevalent EAM, followed by recurrent skin rash (16.2%), enthesitis (15.4%), recurrent fever (13.7%), and uveitis (12%). Patients with EAMs scored significantly lower in physical functioning (p = 0.001), emotional functioning (p < 0.001), social functioning (p = 0.005), and school functioning (p = 0.001). Regarding PedsQL arthritis module, patients with EAM had also significantly lower scores than did patients without EAM on the domains of pain and hurt (p < 0.001), daily activities (p = 0.008), and worry (p = 0.001). EAMs are prevalent among JIA patients and have a negative impact on their HRQoL. So, early identification and treatment are highly recommended. Key Points • A large percentage of JIA patients experienced at least one extraarticular manifestation (EAM). • Persistent fatigue and recurrent skin rash are the most prevalent EAMs in JIA patients. • JIA patients with EAMs have worse scores in almost all domains of HRQoL.

The Concept of Rhetoric Among Arab Scholars from the Third to the Eighth Century AH: A Critical Analytical Study

تهدف الدراسة إلى تتبع مفهوم البلاغة عند علماء البلاغة العربية منذ الجاحظ حتى القزويني، وما تعرض له هذا المفهوم من النضج والتطور عبر مراحل تاريخية تداخلت فيها مؤثرات مختلفة؛ ذوقية وفلسفية ومنطقية وكلامية، كان لها الأثر الكبير في تحولات المفهوم واختلاف مدلولاته، وقد وقفت على هذه التحولات برصد جملة من الملاحظات القرائية والنقدية لذلك المفهوم، والرؤى الفكرية التي قامت عليها تلك المفاهيم، وبيان مرتكزاتها المعرفية، والنظر في انضباط المفهوم ودلالته عن مضمونه، واستيعابه لمعاني البلاغة. وقد تم تقسيم مباحث الدراسة باختيار مجموعة من علماء البلاغة، أو الذين ألفوا فيها من أهل اللغة، من الذين كان لاهتمامهم في بيان مفهوم البلاغة الصدى الأكبر في تاريخ البلاغة العربية، وهم (الجاحظ، المبرد، الرماني، العسكري، عبد القاهر الجرجاني، فخر الدين الرازي، السكاكي، القزويني)، وتوصل إلى أن مفهوم البلاغة قد ارتبط في بداياته بفكرة الإيجاز، وارتبط مفهوم البلاغة عند الجاحظ والرماني وتابعهما العسكري بالجمع بين التأثير والإمتاع، ولم يَحدّ عبد القاهر الجرجاني البلاغة بمفهوم موجز جامع شامل، وتقوم رؤية فخر الدين الرازي لمفهوم البلاغة على الوظيفة الإبلاغية بين المرسل والمتلقي، وجاء تعريفا السكاكي والقزويني، وفق ما تقتضيه التعريفات، وأضحى تعريف القزويني للبلاغة المصاحب لفكرة مطابقة الكلام لمقتضى الحال هو التعريف المعتمد في الدرس البلاغي بعده حتى بدايات القرن الثالث عشر الهجري.

Nicotine Dependency Levels Among Adult Electronic Cigarette Smokers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.

Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are a recent method to deliver nicotine with less harmful effects than traditional cigarettes. Studying nicotine dependence in adult EC users is a crucial area, but few measures are available to evaluate nicotine dependence induced by EC. Our study aims to estimate the levels of nicotine dependency among adult EC smokers using a modified Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (e-FTND) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to identify EC-associated sociodemographic and smoking-related factors affecting nicotine dependency. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on adults 18 years of age and older in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from December 2023 to March 2024. Data were collected from the participants using a pre-tested structured self-administered questionnaire, and nicotine dependence was assessed using the modified e-FTND. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, and standard deviation were applied. Chi-square was used to assess the association between categorical variables. Ordinal regression was used to predict the nicotine dependency levels with different variables. A total of 344 participants were included in the study. The mean e-FTND score for EC users was 4.14 ± 2.45. Females had a lower likelihood of experiencing higher dependence compared to males (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.85). Using ECs for more than three years was associated with higher odds of increased dependence (OR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.28, 7.98; p < 0.001). The use of Pod system devices lowered the odds of developing high nicotine dependence (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.75; p = 0.01) compared to Iqos device users, while mechanical Mod device users exhibited a trend towards higher dependence, although it was not statistically significant. Nicotine concentration in ECs had a significant impact on the degree of nicotine dependence. Higher concentrations were associated with increased odds of higher dependence (12-18 mg: OR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.55, 6.91; >18 mg: OR = 4.53, 95% CI: 2.37, 8.75; p < 0.001). Most exclusive EC users in the study developed a moderate nicotine dependence level. The EC device type and nicotine concentration were significant drivers of nicotine dependence. Additionally, the personal characteristics of the users, such as male gender and duration of use, were associated with a higher risk of dependence. An in-depth understanding of the magnitude of nicotine dependence among EC users will enhance the opportunity for tailored health-enhancing interventions and policies.

Analysis of the Impact of Cybersecurity on The Stability of Financial Institutions

The issue of the impact of cybersecurity is a top priority for the functioning of a financial institution. Therefore, its provision becomes a priority in organizing the further activities of the institution itself. The article aims to analyze the current trends in ensuring the cybersecurity of financial institutions and its role in their functioning. The paper describes the theoretical foundations of the cyber protection concept. The authors also outline the specifics of cybersecurity and the leading technological solutions for achieving these goals. Special attention is paid to modern, innovative solutions to maintain the stability of financial institutions and the possibility of further development. An important area of research is the disclosure of the practical experience of information corporations in providing technical solutions to ensure the security of financial transactions and support the global financial system. The study presents the experience of Ukrainian financial institutions that use variable digital defense strategies and maintain their functionality based on an effective cybersecurity system in the context of a global military conflict. The results of the study include a detailed profile of effective practical solutions to ensure the stability of financial institutions based on the implementation of blockchain technologies. The authors pay attention to the issue of modern software, hardware, and management solutions to improve the quality of cybersecurity in the context of growing cyberattacks and digital threats to the stability of financial institutions. The research findings may be helpful for further analytical studies on the effectiveness of cybersecurity and the stability of financial institutions.

The Possibility of Establishing an Iraqi University Business Incubator and Its Expected Impact on Entrepreneurship: An Analytical Study in a Sample of Iraqi Universities

Aims: This research aims to determine the extent to which Iraqi universities can establish university business incubators that affect the orientation of university students in a sample of Iraqi universities towards entrepreneurship. Study Design: The research adopted the descriptive analytical method to describe the research variables and interpret the results. Place of Study: This research was applied to a sample of 11 Iraqi government engineering and agricultural universities in northern, central and southern Iraq, which were selected due to their importance in providing the industrial and agricultural sector in Iraq with skilled human resources and project ideas that promote economic growth, as well as having university incubator units that seek to activate them. Methodology: A sample representing the indigenous community was selected. Its size reached (160) individuals from the administrative leaders, heads of departments and teaching staff in the researched universities. The researcher relied on an electronic questionnaire designed with (kobotoolbox) as the main tool, and a set of statistics was used, represented by (mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, simple regression), and the research data was analyzed using (SPSS V.28). Results: The research results showed a positive moral relationship to between all dimensions of university business incubators on entrepreneurship at the level of Iraqi public universities, and all research hypotheses were acceptable. Conclusion: The findings indicate that there are possibilities for the Iraqi universities discussed to activate the work of university business incubators at an average rate that can be worked on and developed through the adoption of models of work mechanisms to benefit from international experiences in this field.

The Behavior of the Yukawa Potential in the Presence of a Natural Momentum Cutoff: An Analytical Study

The Behavior of the Yukawa Potential in the Presence of a Natural Momentum Cutoff: An Analytical Study

Predictors of under-weight among children younger than 24 months in Nimule Border Town, Eastern Equatoria State, South Sudan: a community-based cross sectional study

BackgroundUnderweight is a public health problem globally, and more severe in South Sudan with wide sub-regional differences. In Nimule border town, which represents other border towns in South Sudan, data on underweight among children below two years is unavailable. Thus, this study set out to assess predictors of underweight among children younger than 24 months in Nimule border town, Magwi County, Eastern Equatoria State, South Sudan.MethodsAn analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Nimule boarder town targeting 390 children younger than two years. Systematic sampling and simple random sampling methods were used. Data were collected through a researcher-administered questionnaire with both open and closed ended questions. Data was entered in EpiData and then exported into Statistical Package for Social Sciences research (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. Descriptive data analysis was conducted and data were summarized into frequencies and percentages, means with standard deviations, and medians with interquartile ranges. Bivariate analysis was conducted with the Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests for categorical independent variables, and the student’s t-test for numerical variables. Finally, multivariate analysis was done via logistic regression analysis and results were stated as odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). The level of statistical significance was set at 5%.ResultsOut of the total 390 participants, 112 (28.7%) were under weight. The study showed primary (aOR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.12–1.18; P = 0.095) and secondary (aOR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.12–1.17; P = 0.091 levels of education were associated with underweight but not tertiary level of education (aOR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.21–2.74; p = 0.671). Household income of 5000 to 10,000 (aOR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10–0.68; P = 0.006) and above 10,000 (aOR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04–0.28; P < 0.001) South Sudanese pounds, supplementary feeding before 6 months (aOR; 0.01; 95% CI, 0.02–0.05; P < 0.001) were associated with underweight and irregular hand washing (aOR; 2.17; 95% CI, 1.14–4.11; P = 0.018) was associated with increased odds of underweight.ConclusionsThis study established a high prevalence of underweight. Maternal level of education particularly primary, secondary, higher household incomes in excess of 5,000 South Sudanese pounds reduced the risk of underweight. While irregular hand washing was a risk factor for underweight.

THE UNINFORMATIVE PRIOR OF JEFFREYS’ DISTRIBUTION IN BAYESIAN GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION

When using the Bayesian method for estimating parameters in a geographically weighted regression model, the choice of the prior distribution directly impacts the posterior distribution. The distribution known as the Jeffreys prior is an uninformative type of prior distribution and is invariant to reparameterization. In cases where information about the parameter is not available, the Jeffreys' prior is utilized. The data was fitted with an uninformative Jeffreys' prior distribution, which yielded a posterior distribution that was utilized for estimating parameters. This study aims to derive the prior and marginal posterior distributions of the Jeffreys' and in Bayesian geographically weighted regression (BGWR). The marginal posterior distributions of and can be obtained by integrating the other parameters of a common posterior distribution. Based on the results and discussion, the Jeffreys prior in BGWR with the likelihood function is . On the other hand, the marginal posterior distribution of follows a normal multivariate distribution, that is, , while the marginal posterior distribution of follows an inverse gamma distribution, that is, . As further research, it is necessary to follow up on several limitations of the results of this research, namely numerical simulations and application to a particular case that related to the results of the analytical studies that we have carried out.

The Teachings of Jesus Christ (Peace Be Upon Him) and His Sermons in the Gospel of Matthew, An Analytical Study

This study relates to the teachings of Jesus Christ, peace be upon him, and his sermons in the Gospel of Matthew, and among his discussions are the judgment and reckoning of creation on the Day of Resurrection and the judgment and punishment that will result from it, and how the Christian man will be judged, at the hands of God Almighty. This research contained three demands: The first requisite is the meaning of judgment and its names. The second requisite is the Judge on the Day of Judgment. The third requisite is the standard of reckoning on the Day of Judgment. To whom will it reduce?

Logistics potential to ensure the resilience of the Ukrainian economic system facing global challenges

The aim of this paper is to assess the logistics potential to ensure the resilience of the economic system of Ukraine in the face of global challenges. The methods used in the study include: structural-dynamic, determinological, correlation analysis, index method, graphical and cartographic methods. The calculations were based on open data from analytical studies on the development of transport and logistics, as well as data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis that high logistics potential, which is determined by the effectiveness of customs and border control, the quality of trade and transport infrastructure, the ease of organization of delivery, and the quality of logistics services, is the driver of the resilience of socio-economic systems of countries. The reduction of the logistical potential of the economic system of Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale war is shown. This decrease resulted from blocked operation of a number of logistics routes and branches of the transport and logistics sphere and destroyed transport infrastructure objects as a result of hostilities and missile attacks.A change in the vector of export-import flows and their reorientation by means of transport was noted. Drivers of strengthening the logistics potential of the Ukrainian economic system are the transformation of the transport and logistics system, deepening cooperation with neighboring countries, systematic state support for the development of freight transportation by rail, compliance with European standards, and creation of Ukrzaliznytsia’s own freight carrier company that will work outside Ukraine. AcknowledgmentThis study was carried out within the framework of the international project “Increasing the capacity of freight transportation infrastructure on EU-Ukraine borders” (№ 22220189) implemented under the Visegrad Grant+ Programme.

Intramuscular adipose tissue, muscle area, and power as predictors of performance in breast cancer survivors.

The decline in physical performance, assessed by physical tests such as the timed up and go (TUG) test, is a consequence of reduced physiological reserves at higher levels of a hierarchical process. This occurs due to changes in muscle architecture, including atrophy and fat infiltration into the muscles, which in turn lead to changes in muscle function, resulting in reduced muscle strength and power and, consequently, affecting physical performance. This study investigated predictive factors for physical performance in breast cancer survivor (BCS), focusing on intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), quadríceps muscle area (QMA), and muscular power. This observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study included 23 women without a history of cancer (age, 58.5 ± 8.3years; BMI, 27.2 ± 5.1kg/m2) and 56 BCS (age, 58.5 ± 8.3years; BMI, 27.2 ± 5.1kg/m2). QMA and IMAT were assessed using computed tomography images. Muscular power and physical performance were measured using the 5-repetition sit-to-stand and TUG tests, respectively. IMAT (r = 0.4, P < 0.01) and muscular power (r = - 0.4, P < 0.01) were associated with TUG performance in BCS, whereas QMA (r = - 0.22, P = 0.10) showed no significant association. QMA (r = 0.55, P < 0.01) was associated with muscular power, while no significant association was found between IMAT and muscular power (r = - 0.05, P = 0.73). Age explained 19% (P < 0.01) of TUG performance variability. Adding muscular power increased explanatory power by 12% (P < 0.01), and including IMAT further increased it by 7% (P = 0.02) for TUG performance. Collectively, age, muscular power, and IMAT accounted for 38% of the performance variance in the TUG test (age, B = 0.06, P = 0.043; muscular power, B = - 0.01, P = 0.002; IMAT, B = - 0.05, P = 0.020). Our findings suggest that IMAT and muscular power predict the physical performance of BCS, while QMA does not have the same predictive capability.

Predictive model of suicide risk in Colombian university students: quantitative analysis of associated factors

IntroductionThe risk of suicide and completed suicides among young university students presents critical challenges to mental and public health in Colombia and worldwide. Employing a quantifiable approach to comprehend the factors associated with these challenges can aid in visualizing the path towards anticipating and controlling this phenomenon.ObjectiveDevelop a predictive model for suicidal behavior in university students, utilizing predictive analytics.MethodWe conducted an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and analytical research study at the University of Manizales, with a focus on predictive applicability. Data from 2,436 undergraduate students were obtained from the research initiative “Building the Future: World Mental Health Surveys International College Students.”ResultsThe top ten predictor variables that generated the highest scores (ranking coefficients) for the sum of factors were as follows: history of sexual abuse (13.21), family history of suicide (11.68), medication (8.39), type of student (7.4), origin other than Manizales (5.86), exposure to cannabis (4.27), exposure to alcohol (4.42), history of physical abuse (3.53), religiosity (2.9), and having someone in the family who makes you feel important (3.09).DiscussionSuicide involves complex factors within psychiatric, medical, and societal contexts. Integrated detection and intervention systems involving individuals, families, and governments are crucial for addressing these factors. Universities also play a role in promoting coping strategies and raising awareness of risks. The predictive accuracy of over 80% in identifying suicide risk underscores its significance.ConclusionThe risk factors related to suicidal behavior align with the findings in specialized literature and research in the field. Identifying variables with higher predictive value enables us to take appropriate actions for detecting cases and designing and implementing prevention strategies.

Maternal and neonatal outcome in pregnant women undergone induction of labor at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania

IntroductionLabor induction is a common obstetric intervention aimed at initiating labor when spontaneous onset is delayed or deemed necessary for maternal or fetal well-being. Despite its widespread use, the practice’s impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes remains a subject of ongoing research and debate. This study aims to evaluate the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with labor induction in a tertiary hospital setting in Tanzania.MethodologyA descriptive analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a seven-month period from January 2021 to July 2021 at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 120 pregnant women who underwent labor induction during this period were included in the analysis. Data on maternal demographics, obstetric characteristics, indications for induction, methods of induction, labor outcomes, and neonatal outcomes were collected from medical records and analyzed descriptively.ResultsAmong 4773 deliveries during the study period, 120 women underwent labor induction, accounting for 120 (2.5%) of all deliveries. The most common indications for induction were postdate pregnancy 60 (50%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 38 (31.7%), and premature rupture of membranes 22 (17.5%). The majority of induced women 74 (61.7%) delivered vaginally, with 46 (38.3%) undergoing cesarean section. Maternal complications were minimal, with the most common being failed induction of labor 17 (14.2%). Neonatal outcomes were generally positive, with 120 (100%) of neonates having Apgar scores of 7 or higher at five minutes, although 10 (8.3%) required admission to the neonatal ward for further care.ConclusionLabor induction at Muhimbili National Hospital demonstrated favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes, with low rates of maternal complications and positive neonatal Apgar scores. Postdate pregnancy emerged as the most common indication for induction. While the study highlights the benefits of labor induction, its retrospective nature and single-center setting limit the generalizability of findings. Prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings and inform evidence-based obstetric practices.

Postoperative Hemoglobin Drop and the Associated Factors among Elective Orthopedic Surgeries in Northern Tanzania

Background. Having an estimated level of Hb drop in different orthopedic surgeries would help plan for surgery from pre- to postoperative periods. The aim of this study was to assess the Hb drop and the associated factors during the intraoperative period among elective orthopedic surgeries. Methods. This was an analytic cross-sectional study conducted between October 2022 and March 2023, which included all patients admitted for elective orthopedic surgery who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected before and after the patient was operated on. Information was analyzed using t-tests and ANOVA to establish the statistical significance of the Hb drop. Results. A total of 195 participants were enrolled. The majority of the participants were male (62.1%), with the main etiology of symptoms being motor traffic accidents (31.8%). The most affected site was the femur (36.4%), followed by the spine (23.6%). The highest mean Hb drop was in total hip replacement surgeries (4.19 g/dL), with the overall mean Hb drop being 2.75 g/dL. A statistically significant difference was identified in diathermy use, duration of surgery, and patients with chronic illnesses. Conclusion. With a mean Hb drop of 2.75 g/dL, the application of diathermy and surgeries with shorter durations resulted in a reduced Hb drop. These factors should be incorporated to minimize the drop in Hb in orthopedic surgeries. Accounting for differences in surgeries, there should not be delays in patients who have a preoperative Hb level that can sustain the mean Hb drop recorded in the study.

Emotional Eating and Uncontrolled Eating as Risk Predictors for Disordered Eating Attitudes in Candidates for Bariatric Surgery Treated at a Public Hospital in the Amazon

This study analyzes the eating behavior and factors associated with the presence of disordered eating attitudes in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study conducted at a hospital in the Amazon region of Brazil. The Disordered Eating Attitude Scale reduced version (DEAS-s) was used to assess the risk of eating disorders and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) was used to characterize eating behavior. A total of 205 patients participated, with a mean age of 37.5 ± 8.6 years. The majority of participants were female (93.7%; p &lt; 0.001), and the mean BMI was 45.3 ± 6.7 kg/m2. It was found that cognitive restraint had the highest mean (52.6 ± 19.9; p &lt; 0.001). As for the DEAS-s, the question with the highest mean response was “spending one or more days without eating or consuming only liquids to lose weight” (2.80 ± 1.99). Female participants had a higher score for emotional eating (p = 0.016). Disordered eating attitudes showed a correlation with emotional eating and uncontrolled eating. These results suggest that candidates for bariatric surgery may have susceptibility to eating disorders. The importance of a multidisciplinary team conducting monitoring during the preoperative period is highlighted.

Integrated Underground Analyses as a Key for Seasonal Heat Storage and Smart Urban Areas

The design and performance of a shallow geothermal system is influenced by the geological and hydrogeological context, environmental conditions and thermal demand loads. In order to preserve the natural thermal resource, it is crucial to have a balance between the supply and the demand for the renewable energy. In this context, this article presents a case study where an innovative system is created for the storage of seasonal solar thermal energy underground, exploiting geotechnical micropiles technology. The new geoprobes system (energy micropile; EmP) consists of the installation of coaxial geothermal probes within existing micropiles realized for the seismic requalification of buildings. The underground geothermal system has been realized, starting from the basement of an existing holiday home Condominium, and was installed in dry subsoil, 20 m-deep below the parking floor. The building consists of 140 apartments, with a total area of 5553 m2, and is located at an altitude of about 1490 m above sea level. Within the framework of a circular economy, energy saving and the use of renewable sources, the design of the geothermal system was based on geological, hydrogeological and thermophysical analytical studies, in situ measurements (e.g., Lefranc and Lugeon test during drilling; Rock Quality Designation index; thermal response tests; acquisition of temperature data along the borehole), numerical modelling and long-term simulations. Due to the strong energy imbalance of the demand from the building (heating only), and in order to optimize the underground annual balance, both solar thermal storage and geothermal heat extraction/injection to/from a field of 380 EmPs, with a relative distance varying from 1 to 2 m, were adopted. The integrated solution, resulting from this investigation, allowed us to overcome the standard barriers of similar geological settings, such as the lack of groundwater for shallow geothermal energy exploitation, the lack of space for borehole heat exchanger drilling, the waste of solar heat during the warm season, etc., and it can pave the way for similar renewable and low carbon emission hybrid applications as well as contribute to the creation of smart buildings/urban areas.

#799 M1-M2 macrophages in postmortem biopsies from patients with acute kidney injury with COVID-19 compared to pulmonary bacterial sepsis

Abstract Background and Aims AKI associated with COVID19 is highly prevalent; there is controversy if it is similar to AKI in sepsis of bacterial origin. Macrophage differentiation M1-M2 is a predictor of outcomes. Macrophage expression in kidney tissue is not known in patients with severe COVID19 compared to sepsis of bacterial origin. We compare the tissue expression of macrophage differentiation markers M1-M2, through the expression of CD163, CD68, INOS in postmortem biopsies from patients with C19-LRA and S-AKI. Method Observational, comparative, analytical study. Results 49 subjects were analyzed, 39(COVID-19) and 10(pulmonary sepsis of bacterial origin). No significant baseline differences. The degree of AKI had no difference between groups, but in COVID-19 there were severe grades 2-3, compared to bacterial sepsis p = 0.89. Histopathologically there were no differences with the degree of LTA and IFTA. NTI was more frequent in bacterial sepsis vs COVID-19 100%/12.8% (p &amp;lt; 0.001). When comparing macrophage expression we found that the expression of M1(INOS) was not different, the expression of M2(CD163) was higher in patients with bacterial Sepsis with 100% corresponding to severe grade vs 28.2% in patients with COVID19 p&amp;gt;0.001. The classification between degrees of AKI were statistically positive for patients with COVID19 and CD163 with r2: 0.26 and CD68 with r2: 0.36 with p 0.01 and 0.02 respectively. The classification with NTI was positive in COVID19 and bacterial sepsis with an r2: 0.34 for CD163, r2: 0.11 for CD68 p &amp;lt; 0.001. Regarding IFTA in COVID-19 and bacterial sepsis, r2: 0.12 for CD163, r2: 0.11 for CD68 (p 0.01 and 0.03 respectively). Steroid use was negatively correlated on the COVID19 with bacterial sobreinfectión + the bacterial sepsis group with the marker CD163 with r2: 0.23 p = 0.005. The association between moderate and severe positivity for CD68+ and NTI had an OR of 15.5 (CI 3.21-64.6) p = 0.001. Conclusion The 2 groups had a similar severity, AKI in COVID19 was more severe compared to bacterial Sepsis, histologically there were no differences in AKI, but there was a marked difference in the presence of NTI, this being more frequent in the bacterial sepsis group. Findings different from those reported in other bibliographies where the degree of acute kidney injury was higher in COVID19. When comparing the dominant macrophage phenotype, iNOS(M1) had no difference between the groups, on the contrary CD163(M2) was different, with severe staining in all cases with bacterial sepsis, similar to what was seen with NTI and lower degrees of clinical severity of LRA. When evaluating the correlations we found a moderate correlation between the presence of NTI and CD163(M2), mild for NTI and CD68(M0). Finding suggestive of the macrophage role especially low M2 in the context of NTI, it is important to note that those with CD163 had lower degrees of acute kidney injury, more reported as KDIGO1, which is reproducible taking into account other studies in which the CD163(M2) was associated with higher degrees of repair, while their depletion was associated with greater severity of kidney injury. With respect to the treatment established, there was a slight correlation between the use of steroids in the population with bacterial superinfection with CD163(M2), in a recent study it was shown that the use of steroids could induce the repopulation of CD163.