Analysis Of Road Accidents Research Articles

A Statistical Data Analysis of Road Traffic and Road Accident Analysis of pink City Jaipur

A Statistical Data Analysis of Road Traffic and Road Accident Analysis of pink City Jaipur

LINEAR ANALYSIS AS THE BEST METHOD OF DETECTION DANGEROUS ROAD SECTIONS

The main factors affecting road safety are outlined. The main methods of road accident analysis are presented, which will allow accurate determination of areas of high danger. By distributing road traffic accidents along the length of the road, it is possible to identify such areas and areas where road conditions have a dominant influence on the emergence of accidents, which is important in planning measures to improve traffic safety. It is proved that the effectiveness of the result depends on the precisely defined areas where first of all it is necessary to implement measures to improve road safety. It is completely impossible to predict the occurrence of traffic accidents because many different factors influence them. These factors relate both to traffic conditions on the motorway and to the impact of the traffic flow itself, a separate vehicle, a human factor, weather conditions etc. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive approach in solving a complex problem is increasing road safety. The purpose of this article is to: reduce the number of accidents and their victims on the highways of Ukraine by means of the priority implementation of measures to improve road conditions and improve the organization of traffic on highway sections of high danger identified by the results of linear analysis of accidents. Linear accident analysis provides an opportunity not only to effectively and reasonably plan events, but also to evaluate the outcome of their implementation. Reducing the number of traffic accidents and their victims in highway sections of high danger identified by the results of linear accident analysis is the best method for creating safe traffic conditions. Purposeful financing of measures aimed primarily at eliminating the most dangerous in terms of accident rate of road sections and the main risk factors of an accident will allow to reduce the number of accidents and the severity of their consequences. Keywords: road safety, linear analysis, methods of analysis.

Road Accident Analysis and Prevention in Nigeria: Experimental and Numerical Approaches

Road Accident Analysis and Prevention in Nigeria: Experimental and Numerical Approaches

Analysis of Road Accidents in Baghdad City

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have turned out to be a huge global public health and development problem causing enormous economic and social costs. Therefore RTA has become a major concern and analyzing accident data has been an important look out to the analysts in order to find the major factors related to the accidents, and to predict the future road accidents in order to mitigate and/or eliminate them in the future.The study revealed that the main contributing factor is the human. The predominant type of crashes was run over with 53% of the total crashes.Approximately, 53% of crashes occurred on major roads, 58% of crashed occurred during day time, drivers with group ages between 24 – 29 years’ experience more crashes, and single vehicle accidents result in more casualty (fatality and injuries) compared to multi-vehicleaccidents. The most important resultobtainedfrom this study, a prediction model which link accidents with the number of registered vehicles and population.

A Sociological Analysis of Road Accidents among Teenagers Motor Bike Riders in District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

A Sociological Analysis of Road Accidents among Teenagers Motor Bike Riders in District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Concept of a model for improving the safety of road transport operations

The article discusses the issues of road transport safety. The methods of preventing and limiting the effects of road accidents as well as the concepts of the safety improvement model have been presented, as well as suggestions for some solutions for the coming years that may significantly improve the situation on roads. The concept proposed in the article was based on a statistical analysis of road accidents and cause-and-effect analyzes of selected road accidents in the Drawsko District in the West Pomeranian Voivodship.

Statistical analysis of road accidents associated with technical condition of brake systems

The results of experimental studies aimed at improving road safety in the operation of vehicles are presented. Revealed faults can be detected using the latest methods and tools for instrumental diagnostics.

Use of the air track to the vehicle collision simulation with an obstacle

The article discusses some aspects of the analysis of road accidents involving vehicles. An air track was used to simulate collisions of the bodies in a laboratory scale. The CoachLabII+ and Cobra3 measuring console were used together with the software and sensors for detection and analysis of the body impact pulse with a fixed obstacle. The usefulness of the Kelvin model for the analysis of the impact processes was demonstrated.

Wypadki drogowe w gminie Szadek w latach 2010–2017

Jednym z podmiotów zajmujących się zbieraniem i analizowaniem danych z zakresu bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego jest Polskie Obserwatorium Bezpie­czeństwa Ruchu Drogowego. Integralną częścią Obserwatorium jest interaktywna mapa udostępniona na portalu www.obserwatoriumbrd.pl. W artykule zaprezentowano analizę wypadków drogowych w gminie Szadek w latach 2010–2017 posługując się tym narzę­dziem oraz w oparciu o inne dane zbierane w hurtowni danych Obserwatorium.

New possibilities of using information from satellite photos and camera records to analyze traffic events

In the analysis of road accidents (collisions and accidents), the reconstructions are based on various information gathered in the process of preparing the proper documentation. So far, this information included: circumstances given in the explanations or testimonies of participants and witnesses of the incident, material evidence located in place of the incident, injuries of the victims taking part, the image of the vehicles ‘damage. Currently, due to development of a new technology, new information is available, such as: satellite images of the event, as well as video recording from cameras placed inside vehicles or other cameras located on the objects next to the scene of the incident (e.x.: monitoring). The article describes few examples how the usage of new technology and information obtained influences the analysis of road accidents, e.g. determining the duration of “state of threat” or the actual reaction time of the driver.

Analysis and Assessment of Lithuanian Road Accidents by AHP Method

Lithuanian road accidents were evaluated based on the geographic information systems and multi-criteria method of Analytical Hierarchy Process This paper presents the methodology for selecting and ranking high accident concentration sections on the roads of national significance. Methodology involves the following process phases: 1) preparation of spatial data of the road accidents; 2) estimation of road sections with a high accident rate; 3) calculation of spatial statistics for estimation of accident points and hot spots; 4) selecting indicators for multi-criteria assessment; 5) calculation by Analytical Hierarchy Process method and ranking the selected high accident concentration sections. Assessment of spatial clustering of accidents and hot spots was carried out following geo-information technologies and using Getis-Ord Gi statistics and point density functions. This geospatial criterion was integrated into multicriteria assessment for ranking the high accident concentration sections by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. Presented method is useful for various agencies in order to improve their planning and management strategies for better traffic conditions as well as to reduce the number of accidents. The result of the research presents selection methodology of dangerous accident section and ranking of the tenth the most dangerous sections involving geographic information systems and Analytical Hierarchy Process method.

Density-based clustering for road accident data analysis

Density-based clustering for road accident data analysis

Analysis of Road Accidents Using Data Mining Techniques

Road Accident is an all-inclusive disaster with consistently raising pattern. In India according to Indian road safety campaign every minute there is a road accident and almost 17 people die per hour in road accidents. There are different categories of vehicle accidents like rear end, head on and rollover accidents. The state recorded police reports or FIR’s are the documents which contains the information about the accidents. The incident may be self-reported by the people or recorded by the state police. In this paper the frequent patterns of road accidents is been predicted using Apriori and Naïve Bayesian techniques. This pattern will help the government or NGOs to improve the safety and take preventive measures in the roads that have major accident zones.

Road Accident Analysis of Srinagar City

Road Accident Analysis of Srinagar City

Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domain of road safety studies

Mapping knowledge domain (MKD) is an important application of visualization technology in Bibliometrics, which has been extensively applied in psychology, medicine, and information science. In this paper we conduct a systematic analysis of the development trend on road safety studies based on the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) and Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) articles published between 2000 and 2018 using the MKD software tools VOSviewer and Sci2 Tool. Based on our analysis, we first present the annual numbers of articles, origin countries, main research organizations and groups as well as the source journals on road safety studies. We then report the collaborations among the main research organizations and groups using co-authorship analysis. Furthermore, we adopt the document co-citation analysis, keywords co-occurrence analysis, and burst detection analysis to visually explore the knowledge bases, topic distribution, research fronts and research trends on road safety studies. The proposed approach based on the visualized analysis of MKD can be used to establish a reference information and research basis for the application and development of methods in the domain of road safety studies. In particular, our results show that the knowledge bases (classical documents) of road safety studies in the last two decades have focused on five major areas of “Crash Frequency Data Analysis”, “Driver Behavior Questionnaire”, “Safety in Numbers for Walkers and Bicyclists”, “Road Traffic Injury and Prevention”, and “Driving Speed and Road Crashes”. Among the research topics, the five dominant clusters are “Causation and Injury Severity Analysis of Road Accidents”, “Epidemiologic Study and Prevention of Road Traffic Injury”, “Intelligent Transportation System and Active Safety”, “Young drivers’ driving behavior and psychology”, and “Older drivers’ psychological and physiological characteristics”. Finally, the burst keywords in research trends include Cycling, Intelligent Transportation Systems, and Distraction.

New systems-based method to conduct analysis of road traffic accidents

Road safety has become a major public issue in China. This study collected a total of 396 road traffic accident cases that occurred in 28 provinces from 1985 to 2014 in China. The type of vehicles involved in the accidents includes cargo vehicles (126), passenger vehicles (253), dangerous chemicals transport vehicles (128), and cars (9). A new systems approach that integrates the causal categories framework based on the human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) and the contributory factor interactions model (CFIM) was applied to conduct analysis of road traffic accidents to determine whether systems approaches should be used during road accident analysis efforts. The analysis of results leads to the following conclusions. (i) According to the causal categories framework based on HFACS, the frequency of “unsafe behaviours” is highest at the category level; the frequency of “violations” is the highest at the subcategory level. “Overloading/overcrowding,” “speeding,” “failed to provide supervision,” and “fatigue driving” should receive attention at the special indicator level. (ii) The new systems-based method that integrated the HFACS and the CFIM, which highlights the interactions between all levels of the causal categories, is a suitable method to analyse road traffic accidents. (iii) All latent categories, including “outside factors,” “organizational influences,” “unsafe supervision,” and “preconditions for unsafe behaviours,” can affect “unsafe behaviours”; “outside factors,” “organizational influences,” “unsafe supervision,” and “preconditions for unsafe behaviours” can influence each other. These interactions have not been quantitatively examined in previous studies. The findings of this study also demonstrate that the OR is a suitable technique to quantitatively examine the interactions among contributory factors.

Methods for investigating road accidents

Abstract We present our analysis of road accidents in the Russian Federation showing the rate of accidents on the roads in this country. We present the analysis of the methods used for road vehicles expert investigations related to road accidents; these methods are based on the dependence of the vehicle’s deceleration rate on the tires traction factor. The deceleration parameters used in calculations are erroneously assumed equal for the same roadway conditions for road vehicles having different weights and tire design features, which contradicts with the latest test results. Use of active safety systems in a road vehicle demands corrections in table statistical data that we recommended for use in the methods for road accidents expert investigations. On the basis of the research of the influence of deceleration on the deceleration parameters of road vehicles, we calculated the dependency of the deceleration process on various external factors and found the theoretical basis for the influence of external factors on the deceleration process. We have examined the deceleration process as to the load onto the road vehicle’s wheels, as longitudinal shifting of the wheel causes elastic forces of suspension elements deformation (shock-absorbers) with a higher stiffness factor. We have established the basis of the generalized factors of non-linear viscous friction influencing the system in the road vehicle deceleration process, when they are applied to the system at four contact points between the tire and the road pavement, and dispersive forces working in shock-absorbers reacting to the possible shifting. Such theoretical approach can be realized through computer modeling during road accidents expert investigations, i.e., we should consider the inter-relations of all the environment factors that caused the particular situation. This is the way to increase the accuracy and adequacy of road accidents investigations.

Augmenting Classifiers Performance through Clustering

Road and traffic accident data analysis are one of the prime interests in the present era. It does not only relate to the public health and safety concern but also associated with using latest techniques from different domains such as data mining, statistics, machine learning. Road and traffic accident data have different nature in comparison to other real-world data as road accidents are uncertain. In this article, the authors are comparing three different clustering techniques: latent class clustering (LCC), k-modes clustering and BIRCH clustering, on road accident data from an Indian district. Further, Naïve Bayes (NB), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) classification techniques are used to classify the data based on the severity of road accidents. The experiments validate that the LCC technique is more suitable to generate good clusters to achieve maximum classification accuracy.

Safe or unsafe driving maneuvers in road traffic

This article represents an area closely connected to the analysis of road accidents. When the act of accident is being considered by an expert, it often happens that one participant of the accident causes that the other participant has to change suddenly the speed or direction of his/her drive to prevent possible collision. For a proper consideration of the driving manoeuvres we need to know the limit of a sudden change of speed or a sudden change of direction of drive. The limit of suddenness can be taken as the limit between a safe and already unsafe driving manoeuvre (braking, transverse motion) of the vehicle. The author tried to settle this limit by measurements with respondents who were asked to subjectively classify particular driving manoeuvres. For classification of the sudden change of speed, the intensity of deceleration was altered (3 m/s2, 5 m/s2, 7 m/s2, and maximum attainable deceleration amax m/s2). At classifying a sudden change of direction, we changed the trajectory of the vehicle´s motion with transverse motion in one curve. As a result in the change of trajectory, the magnitude of side acceleration changed (values of side acceleration 2 m/s2, 3 m/s2, 4 m/s2 and 6 m/s2). From the results achieved it can be settled that the limit of a sudden change of vehicle´s speed went round a half of maximally achievable braking deceleration of personal vehicles, at approximately 3,8 to 4,8 m/s2. The limit of a sudden change of direction of drive went between 2,7 and 3,5 m/s2.of vehicles´ side acceleration. Achieved knowledge can be used in the sphere of road accident analysis when classifying driving manoeuvres of individual participants of the scene of accident. All measurements were taken with personal vehicles, thus it is possible to pay further attention to setting the limit of a sudden change of speed and direction of drive with utility vehicles, lorries and trucks, respectively.

Searching possible accident black spot locations with accident analysis and GIS software based on GPS coordinates

There are several methods for the analysis of road accidents in a road network. In Hungary from 2011 GPS coordinates are used to identify the location of personal injury accidents. This method significantly improves the display of locations of accidents on the map, which can be then analyzed using GIS tools. Accident black spots are the most dangerous places in road networks identified by the density of the accidents in the network. One of the analysis methods is the accident density searching. The methods and algorithms used in some software may show differences in relation to one another. The aim of this research is comparing two applications by investigating the local road network in Győr. The analysis was made using the WEB-BAL accident analysis software using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise procedure and the QGIS software using the kernel density estimation method. The former is the official accident database and online software used for accident investigations and the latter is an open source geographic information system. The results are visualized in accident density plots and black spot maps.