Quantitative Data Research Articles

Can sound field amplification be of use in daycare centres? An explorative pilot study

This study evaluates the effects of Sound Amplification Systems (SFA) on reducing vocal strain in daycare staff and enhancing children's concentration in noisy environments. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, structured questionnaires were distributed to 11 daycare staff members in Turku, Finland, to gather both quantitative and qualitative data on their experiences with SFA. The analysis revealed that SFA significantly lowered vocal strain for staff, especially during group activities, and improved children's engagement by making speech more intelligible amidst background noise. However, practical challenges such as SFA mobility and adaptability in diverse settings were identified. The findings suggest SFA's potential benefits in early childhood educational settings, while also highlighting the need for further research to address implementation challenges and confirm these preliminary results with a larger participant sample.

RNF144A as a potential risk gene for endometrial carcinoma: Insights from Mendelian randomization, bulk RNA sequencing, single-cell RNA, and experimental analysis

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a prevalent gynecological malignancy that poses a significant threat to women’s health worldwide. However, its pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms remains unclear. In this study, expression quantitative trait loci data, Mendelian randomization analysis, and differential expression analysis were performed to identify potential targets. A prognostic risk signature was subsequently constructed for EC patients based on the expression of these genes. Four bioinformatics algorithms, including generalized linear model, extreme gradient boosting, support vector machine, and random forest, were used to identify hub genes in EC. The expression of ring finger protein 144A (RNF144A) was validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cellular proliferation and migration ability were evaluated using CCK-8 and Transwell assays, respectively. The genes RNF144A, ketohexokinase, and Rab interacting lysosomal protein like 2 were identified as potential targets for EC. Their differential expression was observed in EC patients, and Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a negative correlation between these genes and the development of EC. Mechanistic analyses suggested a strong association between these genes and the tumor immune microenvironment. The constructed risk signature was significantly associated with the prognosis, age, cancer stage, and grade of EC patients. Furthermore, based on interacted model algorithms, RNF144A was identified as a hub gene in EC. It was found to be significantly downregulated in EC samples, and its expression was positively correlated with the stage and grade of EC patients. In vitro experiments showed that overexpression of RNF144A significantly promoted cell growth and migration in EC cells. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying EC progression and identifies preliminary candidate biomarkers for the development of EC treatment strategies.

Using Textual Analysis to Examine Student Engagement in Online Undergraduate Science Education.

This study investigates the relationship between student engagement and peer review performance in an online data science course. Employing a mixed-methods approach, we analyzed quantitative data on peer review metrics (word count, sentiment, and complexity) and qualitative insights from student comments from 2019 to 2021. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between higher student grades and more detailed, positive peer reviews, as measured by word count, sentiment, and keyword matches. While the overall changes in engagement metrics were not statistically significant, trends suggest increased engagement over time. These findings contribute to a growing body of research on the effectiveness of peer review in online learning environments and highlight its potential to foster student development in data science. Future research should address limitations such as sample size and explore broader applications across diverse online courses..

”I am now on ‘speaking terms’ with my migraine monster” – patient experiences in acceptance-based cognitive behavioral therapy delivered via the internet for migraine: a randomized controlled pilot study using a mixed-method approach

ABSTRACT Migraine is a common neurological disorder globally. Migraines, with or without aura, are episodic and recurring with symptom-free periods. Frequent and prolonged attacks can lead to chronic migraine. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to evaluate feasibility of therapist-guided, acceptance-based internet cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) as an adjunct to standard medical care for migraine patients in Swedish primary healthcare settings using a mixed methods approach. Participants (treatment n = 15, control n = 14) underwent qualitative and quantitative assessments to evaluate feasibility, acceptance, and initial treatment effects. Interviews with participants (n = 7) indicate that most participants had struggled with migraines for decades and expressed dissatisfaction with the limited medical care. They found the flexible, digital format particularly helpful, praising its accessibility and structured learning. While they appreciated the comprehensive content, some faced challenges with the psychological language and the program pace. Post-treatment, participants reported emotional and behavioral changes, and better migraine management. Seventy-two percent of the 29 participants completed both baseline and 3-month follow-up measures. On average, participants completed 7.7 modules, with 60% completing all 10 modules. Promising effect size indicated a reduction in migraine days during the three-month follow-up. Both qualitative and quantitative data support the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention in primary care settings.

Transformative impacts of explicit morphological instruction on irregular inflectional acquisition in Saudi EFL learners

The study aimed to investigate the transformative effect of overt instruction on the acquisition of irregular inflectional morphemes by Saudi EFL learners. A mixed-method approach consisting of quantitative data and complemented with a qualitative descriptive analysis was adopted for this study to measure the transformative effect of explicit instruction through pretest and posttest procedures. Input Processing Theory and Processability Theory were used in this study to see the transformative effect of overt instruction between the control and experimental groups. The study employed visual aids and metalinguistic discussion instructional techniques to treat the experimental group with a one-hour session once a week, other than the normal classroom instruction sessions. In total, it continued for seven consecutive weeks. The results demonstrated that a p-value less than 0.001 for all three hypotheses developed in the study posited in favour of the alternative hypothesis and rejected the null hypothesis. Hence, the two groups significantly differed in their vocabulary knowledge: morpheme recognition and morpheme use in writing. The results support the hypotheses developed initially in this study that overt instruction of inflectional irregular morphological knowledge transfers to the EFL learners’ writing skills and facilitates L2 acquisition. The study has significant implications for foreign language learners, L2 teachers, and researchers.

Examining use of telehealth in jails: linking women to community OUD services

BackgroundOpioid use disorder (OUD) remains a significant health care need for women, particularly those involved in the criminal legal system (CLS). There are no studies to date that focus on the utilization of telehealth as a platform for assessment and linkage to medications to treat opioid use disorder (MOUD) at community re-entry for women, despite the fact that women have unique risk factors that may contribute to opioid relapse in the community. The purpose of this mixed-methods study is to provide an overview of the innovative use of telehealth for linking incarcerated women to community MOUD treatment in the Kentucky-hub of the Justice Community Opioid Innovation Network (JCOIN).MethodsThis study incorporates qualitative and quantitative data collection with MOUD providers, recovery staff involved in peer navigation services, and women who are incarcerated to understand perceptions of the use of telehealth prior to jail release as a linkage to community services.ResultsFindings from this study suggest overall support for the use of telehealth between community MOUD treatment providers and women who are incarcerated using videoconferencing technology. On average, there was very little variation in provider favorable feedback related to clinical engagement or in face-to-face comparability, as well as how telehealth allowed the participant to discuss personal and sensitive issues during the clinical assessment.ConclusionsStudy findings suggest benefits associated with the use of telehealth in increasing access to treatment for women with OUD. Jails are critical venues for telehealth interventions because they provide the opportunity to reach women who have been actively using illicit substances, often have advanced-stage substance use disorders which have compromised their health and mental health, and often have not been previously identified as needing treatment.Trial registration: This study was originally registered on 8/23/19, ClinicalTrials.gov, #NCT04069624.

Implication of makerspace layout design in rural primary schools of Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China

ABSTRACT Makerspaces originated from students’ interests and utilised digital tools through project-based learning, advocating creation, encouraging sharing, and cultivating students’ interdisciplinary problem-solving, teamwork, and innovation skills. Makerspaces aligned with China's educational reforms to support different teaching and learning (TnL) activities. This study examines the impact of different spatial layouts, furniture, and technology arrangements in makerspaces on TnL activities in rural primary schools in Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China. By analysing four TnL activities, which are Presentations, Discussions, Individual Learning, and Team-Teaching, this research seeks to improve educational performances in remote areas. Using quantitative data and AnyLogic agent-based simulations, this study assesses the effectiveness of different makerspace models in three case study schools in rural area Lianyungang. The findings reveal that the effectiveness of makerspace models varies significantly in improving student engagement and performance, particularly in Presentation and Team-Teaching activities. Results suggest that different makerspace models can vary significantly in their effectiveness in improving student engagement and performance, especially in Presentation and Team-Teaching activities. The study offers insights on how to structure these spaces for twenty-first-century learning and highlights adaptable makerspaces that meet the evolving needs of both students and teachers. This research findings are crucial for optimising the makerspaces design and adjusting educational practices in the context of Chinese educational reform. The results also have far-reaching implications in informing educational management and policymaking, providing practical solutions for designing makerspaces that address the needs of teachers and students in rural areas. This research provides valuable recommendations for improving rural education by implementing makerspace.

Documenting the Provision of Emergency Contraceptive Pills Through Youth-Serving Delivery Channels: Exploratory Mixed Methods Research on Malawi's Emergency Contraception Strategy.

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are effective and can be used safely at any age repeatedly within the same cycle. They are often favored by youth yet are underutilized. Private facilities can increase ECP access but present barriers including cost. Identifying effective public-sector ECP distribution models can help ensure equitable access. The Malawi Ministry of Health developed a strategy to improve ECP access in 2020. We documented ECP provision through select public, youth-serving channels recommended by the strategy: general and youth-specific outreach, paid and unpaid community health workers (CHWs), and youth clubs. We conducted this mixed methods study from November 2022-March 2023 in 2 rural districts (Mchinji and Phalombe) implementing the strategy. We conducted qualitative interviews with 10 national stakeholders, 46 providers, and 24 clients aged 15-24 years about ECP service delivery. Additionally, 25 providers collected quantitative tally data about clients seeking ECPs. We analyzed qualitative data using grounded theory and quantitative data descriptively. Stakeholders and providers reported ECP uptake increased in geographies where the strategy was implemented, especially among youth. Providers documented 3,988 client visits for ECPs over 3 months. Of these visits, 26% were from male clients, 36% were from clients aged younger than 20 years, and 64% received ECPs for the first time. Across channels, youth club leaders and unpaid CHWs reported the most client visits per provider and served the youngest clients. However, no ECPs were dispensed during 29% of visits due to stock-outs. While many providers were supportive of youth accessing ECPs, most held unfavorable attitudes toward repeat use. ECP access should be expanded through provision in the studied channels, especially youth clubs and CHWs. However, to meet demand, the supply chain must be strengthened. We recommend addressing providers' attitudes about repeat use to ensure informed method choice.

Efficacy of a pharmacist care protocol to manage uncomplicated female cystitis in community pharmacies: an open-label, multicenter, randomized, controlled, cluster study: the PharmaCyst’ protocol

BackgroundUrinary tract infections are common affections, especially for women. Difficult access to a general practitioner to obtain a prescription has led France to offer dispensing under protocol by community pharmacists. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a pharmacist care protocol provided to manage women with urinary tract infection symptoms. This objective will be assessed using the Acute Cystitis Symptom Score.MethodsPharmaCyst’ is an open-label, multicenter, controlled, cluster-randomized study conducted in the Loire region, France. Women aged between 18 and 65 years presenting to a pharmacy complaining of at least one symptom of an uncomplicated urinary tract infection present over the last 3 days (including burning pain during micturition, dysuria, pollakiuria, urgent urination) will be considered for inclusion. All patients will be contacted on day 3, 10, and month 3. A total of 480 patients need to be recruited for the 24 clusters participating in the research. The quantitative data will be described using means and standard deviations and compared using Student’s t-test. The qualitative data will be described using numbers and percentages and compared using chi2 test (or Fisher’s exact test if necessary). The primary and secondary outcomes analyses will consider the intention-to-treat population.DiscussionPharmaCyst’ is the first clinical trial conducted in France only by community pharmacists. Its results could lead to an extension of the protocol.Trial registrationThe protocol has been approved by the French ethics committee on 2022/12/02 and is registered under the number 49RC22_0240 on ClinicalTrials.gov.

The role of rural circular migration in shaping weather risk management for smallholder farmers in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh

Circular migration, defined as migration where migrants return to their original home area, has become an increasingly important component of rural livelihoods and can significantly impact the risk management strategies of smallholder agricultural households in the face of climate change. To unpack the associations between climate change, migration decisions, and agricultural outcomes for smallholder agricultural households, we use an embedded mixed methods approach that uses quantitative data from a structured household survey from over 2,000 rural households in Nepal, India, and Bangladesh, along with qualitative data from interviews and focus group discussions. We use these data to identify the influence of socio-economic, climate, and weather factors on long (≥12 months) and short-term (<12 months) migration decisions and the impacts of migration on risk management strategies in agriculture. Our research shows that the drivers and effects of migration differ based on migration characteristics, including the length of time a family member migrates and whether the destination is domestic or international. We find that households with limited resources, such as constrained irrigation access, use short-term migration to cope with weather variability, whereas long-term migration is generally undertaken by wealthier households motivated to improve long-term economic outcomes. Considering the impacts of migration on risk management, we find that short-term migration of household members results in increased investment in agriculture, such as increasing inputs and adopting new varieties. In contrast, long-term and international migration is associated with disinvestments in agriculture, such as reduced cropped area and inputs. Our results highlight the importance of migration in shaping agricultural management practices amidst the challenges of climate change.

Unlocking Customer Happiness and Enhancing Quality of Life: The Potential of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise ICT Initiatives in Stress-Inducing Environments

Customers in resource-poor communities still grapple with many information and communication technology (ICT) failures as they strive to access goods and services in small and medium enterprises near them. From a customer perspective, these challenges often lead to stress-related issues such as frustrations and anxiety, which can even result in transaction abandonment. Extended ICT failures result in SMEs failing to achieve sustainable e-commerce. This study delves into the impact of ICT initiatives by SMEs in stress-inducing environments on customers’ quality of life. The study further examines whether customer stress and happiness play a role in this association. Quantitative data were acquired using the mall intercept method, while the developed hypotheses were examined using structural equation modeling (SEM) in SMART-PLS 4. The results shed light on how customers navigate daily ICT-related failures experienced by SMEs operating in poor resource communities as they strive for happiness and stress-free lives, ultimately leading to an improved quality of life. The study recommends that the government, through its agencies, the Department of Communications and Digital Technologies and the Department of Science and Technology, among others, not only create an environment supporting SME ICT initiatives but also find strategies for sustaining SME ICT adoption for improved human well-being and socio-economic development within resource-constrained communities.

Cognitive and sociocultural dynamics of self-regulated use of machine translation and generative AI tools in academic EFL writing

With emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technology, language education has become an increasingly dynamic field where traditional teaching methods intersect with rapidly evolving digital tools, transforming the way English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is taught and learned. This study examines the intersection of cognitive processes and sociocultural contexts in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms, focusing on 79 learners enrolled in a compulsory EFL course at a Japanese university and their self-regulated use of AI tools like ChatGPT and Google Translate for writing tasks. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study investigates learners' evolving perceptions and highlights the interplay between their cognitive engagement and sociocultural interactions within the classroom setting. Quantitative data from pre- and post-surveys reveal learners’ attitudes towards AI-assisted writing, while qualitative insights are drawn from their self-reported experiences. Findings indicate that while the students perceived that their writing outcomes have improved by using AI tools for editing, the role of instructors for providing proper guidance and training on the technology, as well as the collocative learning with peers cannot be replaced by the AI tools.

A preventive integrated eHealth approach for individuals with a low socioeconomic position: protocol for a realist evaluation

BackgroundAdoption of standalone eHealth tools is low among persons in lower socioeconomic groups. The preventive integrated eHealth approach combines blended care with an active and personal approach to facilitate access to local care, tailored to the needs of the participant. We describe the four step preventive integrated eHealth approach for individuals with a low socioeconomic position and the realist evaluation protocol of the intervention and implementation. The realist evaluation centers around the question, ‘what works for whom in what circumstances and why’.MethodsThe study population will consist of adult individuals with a low socioeconomic position, who participate in the preventive integrated eHealth approach in one of the participating locations in the Netherlands. The four-step intervention consists of: (1) a proactive invitation of participants by care professionals, (2) the use of an eHealth tool that produces a personalized health report, (3) a personal consultation with a care professional to discuss the personalized health report and set a goal to work on, and (4) active referral to local social and health care. An initial program theory theorized from literature and stakeholder involvement is presented. Qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis with participants (survey at zero, three and twelve months and focus groups at six months) and professionals (interviews at three months) will inform the realist evaluation and serves to test and refine the initial program theory.DiscussionOur mixed-methods realist evaluation on the effect and implementation of a personal and active blended care approach will elucidate what elements trigger the mechanisms and responses of how individuals with a low socioeconomic position experience the preventive integrated eHealth approach. This will inform the way a preventative health check incorporating eHealth can be used to its full potential for low socioeconomic positioned groups to help close the digital divide and contribute to reduce health disparities.

Pengaruh Store Atmosphere dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan pada Eiger Adventure Flagship Store Merr Surabaya: Studi pada Eiger Adventure Flagship Store Merr Surabaya

This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of store atmosphere on customer satisfaction at the Eiger Adventure Flagship Store Merr Surabaya. The method used is a quantitative research method which has a positivist philosophy, used in research on certain populations or samples, sampling techniques are generally carried out randomly, data collection uses research instruments, quantitative or statistical data analysis aims to test predetermined hypotheses. With the results of this research, there is high customer satisfaction with Eiger Adventure Flagship products at the Merr Surabaya Store for Eiger product users because of the Store Atmosphere and Product Quality which makes consumers feel satisfied with Eiger products. So it is hoped that in the future Eiger will be able to maintain and continue to improve product quality so that consumers do not feel disappointed with Eiger products and also the Eiger store will still be able to maintain and also renew the store atmosphere that has been implemented now because from the results of this research almost all respondents like the atmosphere of the Eiger store. Because with quality products and a pleasant store atmosphere, it will create customer satisfaction with a feeling of satisfaction felt by customers, so customers will become loyal to the Eiger brand.

Menemukan Kunci Kinerja: Pengaruh Kemampuan dan Usaha dengan Mediasi Dukungan Manajemen

This research aims to understand the influence of ability and work effort on employee performance which is mediated by management support. This type of research applies quantitative descriptive and data collection techniques from questionnaires. The sample was 60 employees of UD. Gemah Ripah, Pacitan Regency. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. The data analysis methods used include validity tests, reliability tests, and classic assumption tests, which consist of normality tests, multicollinearity tests, and heteroscedasticity tests. To test the hypothesis, use the Path Analysis and R2 tests using the SPSS Version 25 computer program. Based on the research results, it show that (1) Ability and Work Effort have a positive impact on Employee Performance at UD. Gemah Ripah Pacitan Regency. (2) Ability has a positive impact on management support but work effort does not have a positive impact on management support at UD. Gemah Ripah, Pacitan Regency. (3) Management Support does not have a positive impact on employee performance at UD. Gemah Ripah, Pacitan Regency. (4) Ability has a positive impact on performance but work effort does not have a positive impact on performance which is mediated by management support at UD. Gemah Ripah, Pacitan Regency.

Child marriage and well-being in Central and Western Africa: A scoping review of costs and potential benefits for girls.

Child marriage is practiced widely in West and Central Africa with established links to several negative outcomes, particularly for girls. Although some reviews on predictors of the practice of child marriage exist, to date no review has focused on the costs and potential benefits to girls who have experienced child marriage. We conducted a scoping review of PubMed, African Index Medicus, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Global Health and in the grey literature for studies on child marriage and adjustment up to October 2023. Studies were included if they assessed marriages where the female was younger than 18 at the time of marriage, were conducted in Central and Western African countries, explored positive and/or negative indicators of well-being and mental health in the context of child marriage, were written in English, were published in a peer-reviewed journal, or was a published thesis or dissertation, grey literature, or technical report, were conducted between 2014 and 2023, and presented qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method data. Based on the inclusion criteria, we included nine qualitative and four quantitative studies. Using the lens of Self-Determination Theory, we found that overall child marriage compromised needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Further, child marriage was linked to negative mental health outcomes. However, for some girls, child marriage was associated with some benefits including social recognition and elevated status in society. Future research on adjustment within the context of child marriage should focus on all aspects of well-being as well as the processes associated with adjustment for girls.

Oral health and dental care challenges in scleroderma—perspectives of dentists, rheumatologists, and patients

Abstract Objectives The oral health care challenges of people living with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis—SSc) are poorly understood, yet frequently reported. This mixed methods study aimed to investigate oral health and dental care challenges associated with SSc from the perspective of dentists, rheumatologists, and patients. Methods Dentists, rheumatologists, and SSc patients in the UK completed a survey about their experiences of oral health, dental care, and quality of life. People with SSc were also interviewed. We conducted descriptive analysis of quantitative data and used thematic analysis to examine qualitative data. Quant Results Quantitative: 95.5% of patients reported oral and dental manifestations of scleroderma (ODMS); 57.1% reported high physical impacts, 53.8% high psychological impacts, and 47.7% high social impacts. Only 13% of patients were informed of ODMS at diagnosis. No dentist or rheumatologist felt fully confident in managing ODMS. The most frequent suggestion for improvement among patients and dentists was increased information for dentists. Qualitative: We identified 3 key themes. 1) Significant negative impact on quality of life; 2) Barriers to accessing dental care; 3) Characteristics of good dental care. Conclusion ODMS are prevalent issues, constituting a significant burden on quality of life. Rheumatologists should inform SSc patients of ODMS and embed oral health inquiries into annual reviews. Communication between medical and dental practitioners should be encouraged to facilitate early identification and management of ODMS.

Assessment of the effectiveness of ship machinery noise reduction measures using a test platform in a water basin

Underwater radiated noise (URN) from commercial shipping is partly responsible for increased ocean ambient noise levels in the last decades. To preserve marine wildlife, there is a need to reduce it. Machinery noise is the dominant URN source at lower speeds. Mitigation technologies exist to reduce it, but a lack of quantitative data regarding their effectiveness results in limited practical ship applications since the cost-to-benefit ratio is imprecise. A small ship-like structure (test platform) representative of a ship section is designed and constructed to conduct measurements in a controlled environment and at a lower cost than actual on-ship testing. The platform is deployed in a water basin whose acoustic response is first characterized by reverberation measurements. Vibroacoustic sources simulate structure-borne and airborne noise, while hydrophones and sensors measure the response in the water basin and of the platform. Measurements with and without standard mitigation technologies installed in the platform are conducted to quantify the insertion loss. Up to 37 and 20 dB URN reductions are obtained with elastic mounts and mineral wool, respectively. The results obtained with the platform and the developed methodology can support and guide the implementation of mitigation measures in current and future ship constructions.

Integrative nursing interventions: knowledge, attitudes and practice in home nursing services in Germany—a quantitative and qualitative online survey

IntroductionIntegrative nursing interventions (INI) play a significant role in healthcare, particularly in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Integrating evidence-based INI into healthcare aligns with global initiatives such as the WHO’s Decade of Healthy Aging 2020–2030. Many INI are low-threshold practices, empowering patients to independently manage health. However, the extent to which INI are used by home-care nursing-services (HNS) remains largely unknown. This study aims to explore the field of INI in German HNS regarding nurses’ use of INI as well as attitudes, subjective knowledge, and information needs on the subject.MethodsA cross-sectional anonymous online survey with 29 Likert scale items and two open-ended questions was conducted between April 2023 and July 2023. The survey targeted nurse managers of HNS in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Descriptive analysis was performed for quantitative data, while content analysis according to Kuckartz was applied to analyze open-ended text responses.ResultsIn total, n = 68 out of n = 1,331 HNS took part in the survey yielding a response rate of 5.1%. Their overall attitude toward INI was clearly positive (10-point Likert scale M ± SD: 8.37 ± 2.22). The average self-assessed knowledge level about INI was moderate (M ± SD: 5.39 ± 2.76). Almost half of the participants (45.6%) declared to incorporate INI in patient care. Most participants (84.2%) lacked employees with additional qualifications in INI. The INI used most were medicinal herbal teas (61%), compresses (57%), and aromatherapy (48%). Acupressure showed the greatest disparity between actual use in participating HNS (4.3%) and interest in further education (61%). The most common symptoms for which INI are used are pain, respiratory problems, anxiety, and palliative care. The main challenges reported for the use of INI in HNS are financial aspects, qualification and limited resources (staff and time).DiscussionThis exploratory study provides the first insights into nurses’ attitudes, self-assessed knowledge, and utilization of INI in German HNS. Overall response rate was low (5.1%), therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution. Urgent action is needed to address financial aspects and further education on INI, to promote integration of INI in HNS to the best possible extent.

Pengaruh Literasi, Religuisitas dan Pendapatan Terhadap Kepatuhan Muzakki dalam Membayar Zakat Pertanian di Daerah Bogor: BAZNAS KAB.BOGOR

The National Amil Zakat Agency proposed the establishment of the Mustahik Economic Empowerment Agency as a solution. This organization is tasked with improving the quality of life of the beneficiaries through its programs. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of literacy, religiosity, and income on agricultural zakat compliance in Bogor Regency. Study utilizes quantitative data from survey conducted on all Muslims who meet zakat nisab in Bogor City. A purposive sampling technique was used in selecting the research sample of 110 respondents. After the questionnaire has been validated, the data was collected and then analyzed using SMART PLS method. The analysis proves that literacy (X1), religious level (X2), and income (X3) have a significant effect on compliance (Y) of muzakki in paying agricultural zakat.