Quantitative Data Research Articles

Endodontic treatment modifies circulatory inflammatory mediator levels: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

There is limited and conflicting data on the reduction of circulatory inflammatory mediators in patients with apical periodontitis (AP) following endodontic treatment. To answer the following research question: in adult healthy patients with AP [Population (P)], is there a difference before [Comparator (C)] and after various endodontic treatments (nonsurgical, surgical or retreatment) [Intervention (I)] on systemic levels of inflammatory biomarkers [Outcome (O)] in the follow-up period[Time (T)]? An electronic literature search was conducted in the databases Scopus, PubMed, Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Grey literature from inception to July 2024 with no language restrictions. Observational studies examining changes in serum levels of inflammatory mediators were included. Two independent reviewers selected studies, extracted data and critically appraised the included studies. Qualitative and quantitative (meta-analysis) data synthesis methods were employed. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria, of which six were included in the meta-analysis. These studies were published between 1992 and 2024, involving a total of 596 patients (54% females) aged between 16 and 75 years. The meta-analysis of pooled data showed a significant decrease in high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in the serum of patients with AP 6 months after treatment [2.26 ± 1.76 versus 1.28 ± 1.06 mg/L, (Z = 2.03, p = .04)] and a decrease in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels 12 months after treatment [13.01 ± 5.95 versus 10.86 ± 3.52 pg/mL, (Z = 3.72, p < .01)]. One study was assessed as poor quality, while all others were considered high quality. Despite the differences in methodologies across the included studies, it has been established that effective endodontic treatment leads to a reduction in systemic inflammatory biomarkers in the body. Following effective endodontic treatment in patients with AP, the systemic levels of hs-CRP and IL-1β exhibit a significant reduction at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Further clinical studies should investigate whether effective endodontic treatment and reduced levels of investigated biomarkers may change the clinical presentation of systemic diseases. PROSPERO database (CRD42024559271).

Pengaruh Infrastruktur Listrik dan Infrastruktur Sosial terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Provinsi Aceh

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of Electricity infrastructure and social infrastructure on economic growth in Aceh Province. The purpose of this study is to determine and explain the effect of how the influence of Electricity, Health and Education infrastructure on economic growth in Aceh Province. Data analysis in this study is using Multiple Linear Regression. This type of research data is quantitative research and secondary data. Data sources are obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The results of this study indicate that Electricity infrastructure which has a probability value of 0.2855&gt; 0.05 has no effect on economic growth. health infrastructure which has a probability value of 0.5845&gt; 0.05 has no effect on economic growth. education infrastructure which has a probability value of 0.3478&gt; 0.05 has no effect on economic growth. So it can be concluded that the variables of Electricity, Health and Education are not significant to economic growth in Aceh Province.

Isobaric crosslinking mass spectrometry technology for studying conformational and structural changes in proteins and complexes.

Dynamic conformational and structural changes in proteins and protein complexes play a central and ubiquitous role in the regulation of protein function, yet it is very challenging to study these changes, especially for large protein complexes, under physiological conditions. Here, we introduce a novel isobaric crosslinker, Qlinker, for studying conformational and structural changes in proteins and protein complexes using quantitative crosslinking mass spectrometry. Qlinkers are small and simple, amine-reactive molecules with an optimal extended distance of ~10 Å, which use MS2 reporter ions for relative quantification of Qlinker-modified peptides derived from different samples. We synthesized the 2-plex Q2linker and showed that the Q2linker can provide quantitative crosslinking data that pinpoints key conformational and structural changes in biosensors, binary and ternary complexes composed of the general transcription factors TBP, TFIIA, and TFIIB, and RNA polymerase II complexes.

The mediating effect of digital literacy and self-regulation on the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic stress among university students: a cross-sectional study.

Academic stress is a prevalent issue affecting students' well-being and academic achievement in today's challenging educational environment. Furthermore, combining digital literacy and self-regulation enhances emotional intelligence, creating a holistic "digitally regulated emotional intelligence" strategy to reduce academic stress effectively. This study emphasizes the significance of developing these abilities in educational settings to prepare students for success in a complex and technology-driven world. To assess emotional intelligence and academic stress among healthcare students and investigate the mediating role of students' digital literacy and self-regulation. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine correlations and describe quantitative data. Data on two hundred forty students were collected from Fatima College of Health Sciences in the 2023-24 academic year. Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied to assess the associations between variables, and univariate linear regression was employed to investigate the connections between emotional intelligence and pertinent variables. The Hayes Process Model 4 macro was used to study how students' digital literacy and self-regulation mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic stress. Emotional intelligence, digital literacy, and self-regulation were high. Furthermore, the academic stress level was moderate. The mediation analysis revealed that the direct effect of emotional intelligence on academic stress in the presence of the mediators was significant (t = 3.830, p < 0.001). Hence, digital literacy partially mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic stress. On the other hand, self-regulation had no mediation effect on the relationship above. The study noted significant connections between studyattributes, mainly showing the substantial relationship between emotional intelligence and academic stress. Higher emotional intelligence did not consistently reduce stress levels for moderately stressed students, suggesting that other factors may influence their stress levels. Furthermore, digital literacy mediated between emotional intelligence and academic stress, implying that proficient use of online resources could help reduce stress in students with advanced digital skills. Finally, self-regulation did not act as a mediator in the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic stress.

Logistics Management and Service Delivery in Humanitarian Organisations in Kenya: A Case Study of Kenya Red Cross Society

The goal was to assess the effects of supplier management and information management on the KRCS’s service delivery. Goal-Setting Theory is the main theory, supported by resource-based view and institutional theory. The study targeted a population of 300 individuals using a descriptive research approach. A total of 171 individuals were chosen for the sample size using stratified random sampling. Data was acquired by means of surveys. Basic statistics were used to assess the quantitative data, and SPSS version 27 was used for data analysis. Tables were used to display the data. Inferential statistics were used to illustrate the link between the variables. Throughout the course of the study, the research investigation was guided by a few ethical criteria. The R2 values for the relationship between supplier management and service delivery were 0.642, indicating a positive association, and 0.499, suggesting that changes in supplier management may account for 49.9% of the variation in service delivery. fundamental correlation between service delivery and information management (R = 0.595), with an R2 value of 0.431, while the DV was service delivery. To ensure successful logistics management and service delivery, KRCS should improve supplier management and service delivery, which is necessary, and that they can balance organizational goals and priorities with the supplier's perspective on challenges. This will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the processes that the KRCS and communities in need of support use. KRCS service delivery can be increased by using auto- technologies. Independent variable technologies are welcomed since they will make product marking more accurate and efficient, which will improve operations.

Gender differences in periodontal pocket microflora in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis

Background: Periodontal disease, the primary cause of tooth loss, is a critical public health concern with a considerable impact on quality of life. It is of interest to explore gender differences in the course of inflammatory periodontal diseases, as well as the prospects of their personalized treatment and prevention in males and females. Aim: To assess the dental health and quantitative composition of periodontal pocket microflora in periodontitis patients, taking into account gender differences. Materials and Methods: The study included 39 patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis aged 40–60 years. The diagnosis was made using both primary and secondary dental diagnostic tools. The study had two groups: males (41%, n=16) and females (59%, n=23). The following parameters were assessed: oral hygiene index (OHI-S), severity of gingival inflammation (PMA), and quantitative composition of periodontal pocket microflora (DENTOSCREEN, “Lytech” Co. Ltd., Russia), taking into account gender differences. The study findings were statistically processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2016 with Data Analysis and AtteStat 12.0.5 add-ins. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used. The data are presented as median and interquartile range: Me [Q1; Q3]. The frequency of microorganisms is presented as percentage of the mean and standard error of the mean. The confidence interval was calculated using the Wald method, according to the formula for proportions and frequencies. For small values, the Wald method with Agresti–Coull correction was used. Samples were compared using the following tests: the Mann–Whitney U test was used for quantitative data and Fisher’s angular transformation (φ*emp) for frequency (nominal) attributes. Significant differences were defined as a probability 95% (p 0.05). Results: The quantitative composition of periodontal pocket microflora in patients with moderate periodontitis revealed significant gender differences, as demonstrated by an increase in the count of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia, as well as the frequency of Porphyromonas gingivalis, in males compared to females (φ*emp=1.736; p 0.05). Dental health indices confirmed the hypothesis of significant differences between males and females in terms of plaque index (OHI-S) and РМА. In males, poor oral hygiene was reported in 93.7% cases, which was significantly higher (φ*emp=2.04; p 0.05) than in females (69.6%). Moderate gingival inflammation was more prevalent in males, while mild gingival inflammation was more prevalent in females (p 0.05). Conclusion: The study findings emphasize the importance of oral hygiene in the prevention of chronic periodontitis and can be used to improve complex treatment algorithms for patients with periodontal diseases. This includes more frequent dental check-ups and professional oral care sessions, as well as oral hygiene training and monitoring, in males compared to females. Diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction allows for the identification and quantitative determination of DNA from periodontopathogenic bacteria at low concentrations, as well as the justification of treatment algorithms and prediction of treatment outcomes.

Evaluating the implementation of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) gateway for the Basic Healthcare Provision Fund (BHCPF) across six Northern states in Nigeria.

This evaluation research utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods to assess the implementation of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) gateway of the Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF) across six states in Northern Nigeria: Bauchi, Borno, Kaduna, Kano, Sokoto, and Yobe. This was a mixed-method research that utilized longitudinal surveys and Key informant interviews to gather information about the implementation status of the BHCPF-NPHCDA gateway. Checklists were developed based on the BHCPF's national guidelines to gather quantitative data, while simple open-ended questionnaires were used to collect qualitative data from the state BHCPF Program Implementation Unit (PIU) focal persons as key informants. The result revealed that the NPHCDA had accredited these six states to use one Primary Health Care (PHC) facility in each political ward to implement the BHCPF. Factors that contributed to the success achieved in some states included the early completion of contingent start-up activities, well-established coordination structures, strong support from partners, and the availability of established financial management systems. However, the delays in the submission of quarterly business plans by the BHCPF facilities affected timely approval and fund disbursement. Other challenges included staff capacity gaps, inadequate human resources, and poor management and supervision from the state health agency teams. There was suboptimal implementation of the BHCPF in at least one thematic area across all states. Therefore, actions such as government commitment for improved coordination, continuous capacity building, effective monitoring and evaluation, and targeted supportive supervision using innovative approaches should be undertaken to improve the program's implementation. In a broader setting, the insights from BHCPF implementation are valuable for LMICs, offering guidance on overcoming implementation challenges associated with PHC financing. This research provides a resource for enhancing healthcare financing strategies in similar contexts.

The Empty Office: protocol for sequential mixed-method study on the impact of telework activities on social relations and well-being

IntroductionTeleworking is one of the most significant legacies of the pandemic. Great attention is now being paid to its effects on workers’ health. One of the arguments that emerged on...

Assessing Students’ Perceptions of Moodle Usage for Teaching and Learning: A Case of College of Business Education, Dar es Salaam Campus, Tanzania

The advancement of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) has stimulated the development of new learning experiences through using software applications or platforms that deliver, manage and track educational or training programs in the universities. Through the use of blended learning, e-learning platforms like moodle have improved learning experience by integrating virtual classes, video conferencing, presentations, and testing in education delivery. This study aims to show how students perceive the use of moodle for teaching and learning at the College of Business Education (CBE) Dar es Salaam Campus in Tanzania. The study was guided by was guided by the Connectivism Theory (CT). The study adopted a case design because it used a short period of time and constructed at a single case study at College of Business Education (CBE). The target population was 11,924 students from the College of Business Education (CBE) who used moodle as their learning platform. Probability sampling specifically simple random sampling was used to attain the sample size of 374 respondents. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed in the study.The quantitative data was collected through the Likert scale questionnaire was processed through coding, tabulating and analysis using MS excel. Further, the processed and analyzed results for research questions two and three were produced statistically using tables and figures. Apparently, the qualitative data were recorded and immediately transcribed, shared with the respondents for collection in case there were mistakes made, edited, summarized, tabulated and presented in the narrative. Also, the thematic-content analysis was undertaken to analyze the qualitative data obtained through the semi-structured interview and then presented using Tables of summaries and narratives. In addition, the presentation and discussion of the findings were triangulated during the presentation of the responses for each research question. The findings revealed that the integration of moodle into the learning process has enhanced the overall quality of teaching and learning and blended learning through moodle has improved understanding of the course materials. The study recommended that the curriculum designers and policymakers at the college should develop policies that promote the effective use of technology in education including guidelines for implementing moodle in blended learning environments to ensure equitable access to quality education for all students.

Changes in facial soft tissue support with and without a maxillary labial flange.

To quantify facial esthetic outcomes of prosthetic upper lip support in both full animation and repose for patients with an existing implant-supported fixed complete dental prosthesis (ISFCDP). Twenty patients had a removable prosthetic labial flange fabricated for their existing maxillary prosthesis. The 3dMDface system was used to capture video sets of each patient going from repose to high smile with and without the labial flange. A single frame representing high smile and repose was selected from each video. Five facial anatomic markers and 21 individual points on the upper lip were evaluated for both image sets using quantitative photometric analysis. To provide a qualitative assessment, the same images were shown to dentists, laypeople, and the research subjects (patients) to determine which they found to be more esthetically pleasing, or if there was no difference. Quantitative data was evaluated using paired t-tests. The two-dimensional analysis showed a difference with and without a labial flange for lip projection and lip thickness. Additionally, 13 out of 21 landmarks in the three-dimensional analysis showed differences when comparing the superimposed labial flange and no flange linear difference values between high smile and repose. Survey results showed that research subjects (54.41%), dentists (51.50%), and laypeople (44.50%), all preferred labial flange versus no flange photos or were not able to tell a difference. Qualitative and quantitative results suggest that a prosthetic labial flange has an impact on upper lip support. Clinicians should consider lip support both in full animation and repose when treatment planning for the maxillary ISFCDP.

Student Socio-Economic Status &amp; the Type of Enrolled Programs

This research article examines the effect of students’ socio-economic status on the type of program a student enrols in Kenya’s national polytechnics. It utilises an ex-post facto research design because the researcher could not manipulate the variable under consideration. Data was collected using questionnaires for students and interview guide schedules. The data was qualitatively and quantitatively analysed. Quantitative data was analysed by using multinomial logistic regression analysis, while qualitative data was analysed thematically. Reliability was attained using internal consistency where a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of 0.8 was established. The multinomial logistic regression results indicated that the student's socio-economic status is not statistically significant in the type of program a student enrolsin national polytechnics in Kenya. Consequently, the research article recommends that, the government should increase capitation and loans based on the type of program that one enrols. This is due to the fact that different programs attract different mean costs both directly and indirectly. Key Words: Socio-economic status, Programs, Type of programs

Repairing alveolar bone defect using demineralized dentin grafts: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The alveolar bone defect often was hardly healed naturally by the body's repair mechanism. Implant placement was the most favored option for replacing a missing tooth in the current times, and the preservation of alveolar bone was vital. Tooth components, especially dentin, were very similar to alveolar bone components and could be used for promoting the alveolar bone regeneration process in reconstructive dentistry. We exhaustively scoured multiple literature databases, such as PubMed and Embase, from inception to September 2024. The protocol for this meta-analysis was officially registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023400591). Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that reported alveolar bone preservation through demineralized dentin grafts were chosen from the studies. We extracted both qualitative and quantitative data and evaluated statistical heterogeneity using the I2 test. The potential for publication bias was evaluated using both qualitative and quantitative methods. A visual evaluation of the funnel plot was used for the qualitative assessment, with the Begg's test and the Egger's test were used for quantitative analysis. Ultimately, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 230 participants who were adults without systemic diseases and free from caries or peri-apical infections. Compared with the control group, the demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) group was not statistically significant for improving radiographic ridge width change (SMD - 0.09, 95% CI -0.39 to 0.22) and ISQ values (SMD 0.06, 95% CI -2.39 to 2.51). These results indicate that DDM performs comparably to the control, suggesting that it can be considered an effective alternative in achieving similar outcomes in these specific measures. The DDM grafts appear to be a feasible alternative to other biomaterials used for alveolar bone preservation. Not applicable. This study is a meta-analysis and does not involve a clinical trial. Therefore, no clinical trial number has been assigned.

Addressing Sustainability Reporting Frameworks: A Content Analysis of Western and Eastern European Companies

Corporate reporting has developed globally in the last three decades, encompassing economic, social, and environmental information. From the GRI standing out as the first organization that offers companies guidelines to sustainability reporting, to the recent ESRS standards adopted by the EU, there is an increasing trend in the diversity of sustainability reporting frameworks. This empirical research attempts to provide insights into sustainability reporting frameworks used by European companies from six countries grouped into two regions of Europe, namely Western (France, Germany, Netherlands) and Eastern (Hungary, Poland, Romania) to highlight the directions of action of companies to achieve sustainable objectives. The sample includes 30 companies headquartered in Europe, 15 companies for each region of Europe. The reports of the companies during the period of 2018–2022 were used to extract the information on sustainability frameworks, resulting in 150 sustainability or annual reports used. To achieve the objective of the research, quantitative data were collected through the content analysis of the companies' sustainability or annual reports, the extracted information being applied in statistical analyses. The study finds that the trend of using sustainability reporting frameworks in Western and Eastern Europe increases from year to year. Western European companies stand out with better corporate performance by relying on multiple sustainability reporting frameworks in the preparation and publication of sustainability or annual reports. Most European companies have a low level of compliance with the requirements of sustainability frameworks and are economic science-oriented and business-oriented. Western European companies are more focused on investment and environmental aspects, while those in Eastern Europe are more focused on profitability and social aspects. This study fills the gap in corporate reporting research in relation to the sustainability frameworks used by Western and Eastern European companies.

Evaluating Factors Affecting Knowledge Sharing Among Health Care Professionals in the Medical Imaging Departments of 2 Cancer Centers: Concurrent Mixed Methods Study.

Knowledge sharing is a crucial part of any knowledge management implementation. It refers to sharing skills and experience among team members in an organization. In a health care setting, sharing knowledge, whether tacit or explicit, is important and can lead to better health care services. In medical imaging departments, knowledge sharing can be of particular importance. There are several factors that affect knowledge-sharing practices in medical imaging departments: individual, departmental, and technological. Evaluating the importance of these factors and understanding their use can help with improving knowledge-sharing practices in medical imaging departments. We aimed to assess the level of motivation, identify current knowledge-sharing tools, and evaluate factors affecting knowledge sharing in the medical imaging departments of 2 cancer centers, The Christie, United Kingdom, and the Kuwait Cancer Control Center (KCCC). A concurrent mixed methods study was conducted through nonprobability sampling techniques between February 1, 2023, and July 30, 2023. Semistructured interviews were used to validate the results of the quantitative analysis. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire that was distributed among health care professionals in both cancer centers using Qualtrics. Semistructured interviews were conducted online using Microsoft Teams. The quantitative data were analyzed using the Qualtrics MX software to report the results for each question, whereas the qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic approach with codes classified through NVivo. In total, 56 respondents from the KCCC and 29 from The Christie participated, with a 100% response rate (56/56, 100% and 29/29, 100%, respectively) based on the Qualtrics survey tool. A total of 59% (17/29) of health care professionals from The Christie shared their knowledge using emails and face-to-face communication as their main tools on a daily basis, and 57% (32/56) of health care professionals from the KCCC used face-to-face communication for knowledge sharing. The mean Likert-scale score of all the components that assessed the factors that affected knowledge-sharing behaviors fell between "somewhat agree" and "strongly agree" in both centers, excepting extrinsic motivation, which was rated as "neither agree nor disagree." This was similar to the results related to incentives. It was shown that 52% (15/29) of health care professionals at The Christie had no incentives to encourage knowledge-sharing practices. Therefore, establishing clear policies to manage incentives is important to increase knowledge-sharing practices. This study offered an evaluation of factors that affect knowledge sharing in 2 cancer centers. Most health care professionals were aware of the importance of knowledge-sharing practices in enhancing health care services. Several challenges were identified, such as time constraints, a lack of staff, and the language barrier, which limit knowledge-sharing practices. Therefore, establishing a clear policy for knowledge sharing is vital to practicing knowledge-sharing behaviors and facing any challenges that limit this practice.

Nurses' models of spiritual care: Predictors of spiritual care competence.

Previous studies have shown that nurses' spiritual care competence is related to characteristics of personal spirituality, training adequacy, and comfort, confidence, and frequency of provision of spiritual care. However, these studies assumed that all participants understood spiritual care in the same way, and used self-ratings of spiritual care competence, which are problematic. Our previous study found that spiritual care was understood in 4 qualitatively different ways that can be arranged in order of competence. This study aimed to re-examine the relationships between nurse characteristics and spiritual care competence, using spiritual care understanding as a proxy for competence. Data was collected from a convenience sample of nurses who completed an anonymous, online survey. The survey provided qualitative data about what spiritual care means for them. The survey also provided quantitative data regarding nurse characteristics. This study created sub-groups of nurses based on their understanding of spiritual care, and used the quantitative data to construct a profile of nurse characteristics for each sub-group. Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests determined whether nurse characteristics differed across the 4 sub-groups. Spiritual care competence was not related to confidence or comfort in providing spiritual care. Relationships with spirituality, training adequacy, and frequency of provision of spiritual care were not linear; i.e., higher competence did not always correspond with higher scores of these characteristics. The results raise concerns about the construct validity of using comfort and confidence as estimates of spiritual care competence. That the relationships between competence and spirituality, training adequacy, and frequency of spiritual care provision was not as linear as portrayed in extant literature, suggests that outcomes of training may depend on the type of spiritual care understanding subscribed to by training participants. The findings offer insights about how nurses could achieve high levels of spiritual care performance.

Metabolite quantification data based on 1H-NMR profiling of eggplant or pepper fruit during its development.

The primary metabolite contents of ripe fruits result from complex regulations during their development. For Solanaceae, these regulations have been widely studied in tomato. The fruit metabolite contents of other fruit species, such as pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), constitute a valuable resource for the community to study the regulation of fruit metabolism and identify common or species-dependent regulations. This dataset about major polar metabolites is part of a larger project that integrates other omics data for pepper and eggplant, and other fruit species for metabolomics and other omics. We provide quantitative metabolite data of pepper and eggplant fruit along development. We sampled pepper and eggplant fruit cultivated in a tunnel or a greenhouse at 10 or 11 stages from anthesis to ripe fruit. We used proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomic profiling of polar extracts to quantify the major metabolites and expressed the data in µmol per g fresh weight. Twenty-four metabolites were determined in pepper and 27 in eggplant. Nineteen common metabolites were quantified in both fruit species including three soluble sugars and one sugar-alcohol, five organic acids and nine free amino acids. These data can be combined with similar quantitative data on other species or complemented with other omics data to perform cross-species or cross-omics comparisons.

Determinants of persistent malaria transmission in the Arjo-Didessa farm area in Ethiopia

Background: In tropical and subtropical areas of the world, malaria is still a serious public health concern. Activities related to agricultural development that involve irrigation schemes likely increase the risk of malaria in tropical and sub-Saharan African regions. Ethiopia is a sub-Saharan country where malaria is endemic.Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the determinants related to the persistence of malaria transmission in the Arjo-Didessa sugarcane farm area in southwest Ethiopia.Method: The study employed a quantitative survey design. Quantitative data were collected from 397 households using structured questionnaires. SPSS Statistics version 26 was used to analyse the data. Z- and Chi-square tests were applied, and the data were analysed using logistic regression.Results: The determinants that were identified included variation in land use, water management practices, socioeconomic status and knowledge about the use of anti-malaria treatment. These were shown to contribute to increased malaria transmission and the rise in malaria cases in agricultural areas.Conclusion: The effectiveness of malaria control in agricultural settings can be improved through free access to malaria testing and treatment as well as knowledge about anti-malaria treatment among the residents in agricultural areas.Contribution: The study revealed key determinants, including the promotion of free access to anti-malaria treatment, which should be considered for the effective management of malaria in agricultural areas.

Dimdazenil for the treatment of insomnia: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder affecting approximately 10-20% of adults worldwide. Despite various available treatment modalities, significant gaps remain in improving sleep maintenance and reducing functional impairments. To systematically review and synthesize studies on the efficacy and safety of Dimdazenil for the treatment of insomnia. A comprehensive search of multiple databases and websites was conducted to identify published and unpublished trials from inception to July 19, 2024. Due to the limited number of studies available, quantitative data were synthesized narratively. This synthesis included four randomized controlled trials. The primary efficacy endpoints of these studies met the predetermined criteria for superiority. Dimdazenil significantly improved certain objective and subjective sleep measures in patients with insomnia, including reduced sleep latency and longer total sleep duration. Importantly, these outcomes were achieved without causing significant excessive daytime drowsiness or impairing daytime functionality. Furthermore, Dimdazenil demonstrated a generally acceptable safety profile and was well tolerated. Most evaluation indicators related to withdrawal symptoms, drug residues, and rebound effects did not show significant statistical differences. The number of included studies and sample sizes were small, and there is a lack of data on the long-term efficacy and safety of Dimdazenil. Dimdazenil offers significant benefits in improving sleep onset and maintenance in patients with insomnia. It presents a favorable safety and tolerability profile while preserving daytime functioning. Future studies should extend the duration and scale to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of Dimdazenil across diverse populations.

Developing Culturally Sensitive Suicide Prevention Programs for Medical Professionals in Indonesia

Introduction: Medical professionals in Indonesia experience high levels of stress, increasing their risk for mental health problems and suicidal behavior. Culturally appropriate suicide prevention programs are critical to address this issue. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a culturally adapted suicide prevention program for Indonesian medical professionals. Methods: This mixed-methods study had two phases. Phase 1 involved program development, adapting an existing evidence-based suicide prevention program using a Delphi method with Indonesian mental health experts (n=10) and cultural consultants (n=5). Phase 2 comprised a pilot implementation of the program with 30 medical professionals. Quantitative data on program feasibility (attendance, completion rates) and acceptability (satisfaction surveys, qualitative feedback) were collected and analyzed. Results: The Delphi method resulted in a culturally adapted program incorporating Indonesian values related to collectivism, family support, religious beliefs, and stigma associated with mental health. Pilot implementation showed high attendance (87%) and program completion rates (93%). Participants expressed high satisfaction with the program's content, cultural relevance, and delivery format. Qualitative feedback emphasized the importance of peer support, spiritual integration, and addressing workplace stressors. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of a culturally sensitive suicide prevention program for Indonesian medical professionals. Further research is needed to evaluate the program's effectiveness in reducing suicidal ideation and behavior.

HPB SO44 - From Electives to Career-Changing: A Cross-Sectional Survey exploring the impact of International Medical Electives in Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit

Abstract Background International medical graduates (IMGs) are crucial in addressing NHS workforce shortages, representing one-third of staff. Reliance on IMGs is likely to continue. Electives offer IMGs a valuable opportunity to overcome work culture and clinical skills challenges, difficult to address through PLAB tests alone. These experiences can aid in passing the exam. Entering a new culture and service can be daunting; electives help build confidence by increasing familiarity with the NHS and UK medical traditions. This survey was designed to gain insight into IME experiences, the educational value perceived by participants, and their influence on personal growth and career direction. Method A cross-sectional survey was sent to 26 IMGs who completed an IME rotation in the HPB department at University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust since 2019. The survey included quantitative and qualitative questions to gather demographic details, insights into experiences, educational values gained, and career impact. Medical education and HPB surgery experts evaluated the survey for content validity and alignment with learning outcomes.Conducted via Google Forms®,recruitment emails were sent anonymously with weekly reminders for four weeks to ensure high response rates. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results 18 out of 26 participants (62.2%) responded. Ages ranged from 23-30, with 61.11% between 23-25 years. The gender split was 61.11% male and 38.89% female. Most (66.67%) were medical students during their elective, while 33.33% were Foundation Doctors. 72% of respondents are preparing for or have taken GMC registration exams, with 44% are already fully registered. The survey revealed overall positive responses, highlighting the welcoming and educational environment. However, participants suggested improving the induction program and providing a more defined daily schedule for elective students. These insights offer opportunities to enhance an already valuable program. Conclusion The study revealed a successful international medical elective program in the HPB department. Most respondents found the experience met their expectations, achieved learning objectives, and positively influenced their careers. All participants were satisfied and would recommend the elective, with 94% considering NHS careers. The program provided effective teaching, mentorship, and hands-on clinical experience for most participants. Many have begun or completed GMC registration, indicating lasting impact. This initiative is valuable in attracting and preparing IMGs for the NHS and should be replicated across the UK, with a structured program and ensuring necessary exposure and guidance.