Program Analysis Research Articles

Analysis of the competition programmes of elite and sub-elite swimmers: The influence of sex, stroke and race distance

The purpose of this study was to analyse contemporary performance data in elite and sub-elite Irish swimmers, to explore the number of days and races required for swimmers to achieve their fastest competitive performances and how this may be influenced by sex, stroke and race distance. The initial dataset consisted of n = 3930 observations on n = 56 swimmers, with n1 = 2709 (68.9%) long course (LC) observations and n2 = 1221 (31.1%) short course (SC) observations. The main findings indicated that, firstly, the swimmers (LC & SC) produced their fastest swim in their first race of the season, approximately 39% of the time. Secondly, there were no significant differences between male and female swimmers regarding the number of days and races required to achieve their fastest performances. The final key finding identified the number of days and races between first and fastest performance was influenced by (a) stroke, for example, LC and SC freestyle and individual medley swimmers required less races and shorter timeframes to fastest swim, with breaststroke requiring the greatest number of mean days in LC and SC formats and (b) race distance, for example, across LC and SC, 400 m swimmers required fewer races (n = 1.83 & 1.64) and shorter time frame (n = 24.83 & 21.26 days) to fastest swim than other distances. These findings are valuable to coaches and practitioners, as (a) they can provide guidelines when designing competition programmes, and (b) support exploration of what a swimmer's competition may look like in terms of volume and duration to support the fastest performance.

Современное состояние глобального рынка сжиженного природного газа и перспективы реализации российских арктических СПГ-проектов

Transitioning from coal to natural gas and renewable energy sources has become a global trend over the past decade. Despite efforts made by the EU, USA, Japan, and several other nations to replace fossil fuels with alternative sources, significant success in this domain remains elusive, with hydrocarbons continuing to dominate the energy landscape. Notably, the share of liquefied natural gas (LNG), once perceived as a weak alternative to pipeline gas, constituted 56 % of the global gas exports by the end of 2022, with the number of consumer countries reaching 47. This study aims to assess the potential capabilities of key LNG suppliers in increasing production and export volumes to meet the growing demand in the global LNG market. A primary focus is placed on evaluating the capabilities and plans of Russian companies to execute large-scale LNG projects. The research employs methods of systems and statistical analysis, along with economic forecasting. The article discusses the key trends in the global LNG market's development and identifies the factors exerting the most significant impact on its trajectory. An analysis of the current long-term program supporting LNG production in Russia is conducted, highlighting the key support measures available to domestic companies. The practical significance of this study lies in identifying countries poised to increase their production volumes and enter the LNG production and export arena within six to seven years. The research pinpoints key large-scale domestic LNG projects set to make the Russian LNG share in the world market grow from 8 % to 15–17 %. Subsequent steps of this research will involve assessing the prospects for selling Russian and American LNG in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) market.

Child Participation in Early Childhood Education from the Perspective of Female Students Specialising in Preschool and Early Childhood Education

This article addresses the subject matter of child participation in decision-making, events and social or civic activities at the early childhood education stage from the perspective offemale students at a Polish university. This study aimed to explore and analyse the opinions of female students preparing to become teachers for grades 1–3 in primary school, focusing on their perspectives regarding child participation while utilising Roger Hart’s “Ladder of Children’s Participation” concept. In this qualitative study, a semi-directed, problem-oriented focus group interview was conducted, followed by a content analysis of the data obtained. Female students at a large university in a medium-sized city in Poland were invited to participate in the study. The study depicted that they equated theprocess of developing skills related to participation, understood as involvement in society,with formal education. Their responses were dominated by approaches related to full participation, while other views indicated a lack of confidence in implementation of full participation at the early childhood education stage. These concerns, inter alia, include the presumed lack of developmental readiness of children, as well as the requirements that prevent the creation of a participatory environment (compulsory core curriculum). As the analysis of the study programme of future female teachers, conducted as a context, has shown, issues related to child participation have been dealt with marginally, which needs to be corrected.

Towards a Healthier Boyolali Community: The Social Return on Investment (SROI) on the Family Care Health Optimization Service Program (Yok Peka)

PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal (FT) Boyolali, commonly referred to as FT Boyolali, is a fuel terminal that is part of the leading lubricant company in Indonesia, namely PT Pertamina Lubricants. FT Boyolali has several Corporate Social Innovation (CSI) programs spread across the company’s closest area, including Teras District, in Boyolali Regency. The program entitled Yok Peka is a form of Social Innovation carried out by FT Boyolali to address social problems to prevent and deal with health cases in pregnant women and toddlers in Boyolali Regency, especially cases of stunting and cases of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) pregnant women. Apart from that, this program also supports the formation of economic empowerment of health cadres and the community to balance health standards with improving the community's economy. The effectiveness of the CSI Yok Peka program is measured using the social return on investment (SROI) method to determine the output and outcomes felt by various stakeholders and also to determine the comparison (ratio) between investment and benefits quantitatively. SROI is a method companies can use to measure the return on business investment for a program or social activity carried out using a financial quantification (monetization) calculation approach. The results of the SROI analysis of the Yok Peka program in the period 2020 to 2022 show a benefit value of IDR 635.799.963 compared to an investment value of IDR 165.650,000. In other words, every investment of IDR 1 in the Yok Peka program can produce benefits of IDR 3.84 (SROI = 1: 3.84).

Національне законодавство та міжнародні зобов’язання у сфері запобігання та протидії домашньому насильству

The article analyzes national legislation in the field of prevention and countermeasures against domestic violence and gender-based violence. The recognition of the concept of "Child witness" at the legislative level has been updated, and the problems of law enforcement practice, when the court cannot, taking into account the circumstances of the case, assess the child specifically as a victim in situations where she only witnessed domestic violence. It was noted that the requirement of the Istanbul Convention to establish one or more official bodies responsible for the coordination, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of policies and measures to prevent all forms of violence and to combat all forms of violence that fall under the scope of this Convention was embodied by placing to the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of prevention and countermeasures against domestic violence, coordination of the interaction of subjects involved in measures to eradicate the specified socially dangerous phenomenon. An analysis of the State Social Program for the Prevention and Counteraction of Domestic Violence and gender-based violence for the period until 2025 was carried out, and the main tasks and measures for the implementation of the specified Program were identified. It was concluded that the process of improving national legislation needs to be improved taking into account both national characteristics and international principles.

Monte Carlo Simulation of Heteroepitaxial Growth of Ge on Pit-patterned Si(100) Substrate and Parallelization of Calculations

Methods and algorithms of Monte Carlo simulation of heteroepitaxial growth of Ge on Si are considered. The computational complexity analysis of simulation program blocks is carried out. Parallelization of time-consuming cycles using directives of the open standard OpenMP is proposed. The Monte Carlo simulation of heteroepitaxial growth of Ge on pitpatterned Si substrate was carried out. The position of Ge nanoislands is determined by the competition between the nucleation process of three-dimensional islands due to the accumulation of elastic strain in the growing layer and the process of diffusion of Ge atoms into the pits serving as a drain.

PROGRAMMES TO COMBAT THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN KAZAKHSTAN AND UKRAINE AND UNEMPLOYMENT

The following article presents economic programmes to combat the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysed programmes were undertaken by the governments of Ukraine and Kazakhstan. They contributed to reducing unemployment in both countries. The findings of Ukrainian researchers focused mainly on estimating losses in the SME sector, especially in the hotel, tourism and transport sectors. Scientific literature in Kazakhstan has focused on examining the effects of the government program to counteract the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially from the labour market perspective (employees). The methods used in the paper include literature studies, analysis of government programmes in the combat against the economic effects of the pandemic and comparative analysis of statistical data of employed and unemployed people in Ukraine and Kazakhstan. The article focuses on identifying the countermeasures undertaken by the governments of Kazakhstan and Ukraine aimed at entrepreneurs and employees. The author also assessed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labour market, mainly in terms of unemployment. In the Ukrainian government programme, the main emphasis was placed on supporting entrepreneurs and the self-employed. The government also provided tax preferences, loan grace periods, financial support for enterprises that limited or stopped performance during the pandemic, and special financial assistance for agribusiness. The programme of the Kazakh government was addressed to entrepreneurs, self-employed and employees. The implementation of the programme in Kazakhstan did not encounter any difficulties, while in Ukraine the local authorities did not comply with the decisions of the central authorities. The closure of many businesses or reductions in working hours contributed to rising unemployment in both countries. Kazakhstan was in a more favourable situation, where a small and short-term increase in unemployment was recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic period. In Ukraine, the decline in employment in all sectors of the economy was much greater than in Kazakhstan and meant a significant increase in unemployment.

Digital economy competencies: experience and stages of formation among university students

Problem statement. In accordance with the goals and indicators of federal projects, the leading role in the formation of key competencies of the digital economy is assigned to institutions of secondary general, vocational and additional education. To form digital competencies in the field of creating algorithms and computer programs, digital departments have been created in a number of universities in the country. Based on this, the problem of the formation of these competencies among students studying in various fields of training, in the absence of a digital department at the university, becomes urgent. The purposes of the study are to analyze the existing experience of students' formation of competencies necessary for the implementation of the national program “Digital economy of the Russian Federation” and formulate proposals for improving this process. Methodology. A set of measures was carried out, including the analysis of educational training programs in order to identify disciplines, the study of which provides students with the knowledge and skills to develop algorithms, create computer programs, theoretical analysis of research in this area and the development of a methodological approach that ensures the formation of digital competencies in the field of creating algorithms and computer programs. Results. The analysis of the process of formation of digital competencies among university students, the theoretical analysis of research on this problem made it possible to identify and disclose the stages of formation of digital competencies in the field of algorithms and computer programs development. Conclusion. The result of the analysis of educational programs of universities was the conclusion about their insufficient focus on the formation of digital competencies of students. Based on the theoretical analysis of research in the field of the formation of competencies for the creation of algorithms and computer programs and their own experience, an approach to the formation of students of this competence is proposed.

Classical theories of media systems: relevance for the contemporary research

The results of a comparative analysis of classifications of media systems developed by foreign researchers in the 20th-21st centuries are presented. Particular attention is paid to the criteria, determinants and comparison parameters that were used in different classifications to identify common characteristics of media systems in different countries. The empirical base of the study includes both popular and little-known authors in the Russian scientific literature, but widely cited in foreign studies, who have formed original classification structures. The basis for the choice of concepts and classifications were the results of the analysis of research and educational programs of Russian and foreign universities, the historical sequence of scientific papers, logical connection with predecessors and followers, contribution to the scientific literature on the theory of journalism and high citation in modern media studies. The main criterion for the selection of the most popular classifications became a citation analysis of foreign researchers’ scientific publications on this topic in the scientometric system Google Scholar that accumulates scientific works from different countries, as well as statistics of Yandex. It is concluded that the main characteristics of media systems, as well as the criteria and parameters used in the most famous classifications (the second half of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century), remain relevant and can be adapted to the analysis of the modern media sphere.

Model of “soft” and “hard” euroscepticism: Estonian case

The article explores the features of party Euroscepticism on the example of the Estonian case. A classification of a number of modern Estonian political parties is given on the basis of their classification as “hard” or “soft” Eurosceptics. Based on this typology the author structured the Estonian party-political landscape on the issue of European integration. The importance of this factor in the Estonian party-political space, which influences the further course of European integration in this Baltic state, is highlighted. The scale of anti-European sentiments in modern Estonia has been determined. The study identifies the reasons for the significant increase in electoral support for parties advocating anti-EU positions. It is revealed that the Conservative People’s Party of Estonia (CPPE) demonstrates a consistent increase in the number of its members and is gaining more and more popularity among the Estonians and has an ever-increasing influence on Estonian politics. Represented in Parliament since 2015, the CPPE has achieved in 2019-2021 its entry into the government coalition. It is considered how the CPPE, which previously occupied a marginal position, is implementing its goal of gradually increasing its influence and entering the political forefront. Taking into account the analysis of the latest election program of the CPPE (for the parliamentary elections in March 2023), it was determined in which direction the radical Estonian populists are moving. At present the trend towards a steady increase in Euroscepticism in Estonia has changed to a course towards relative stabilization of the Eurosceptic mood of voters. Discursive and institutional methods were applied in the study.

MicroProf : Code-level Attribution of Unnecessary Data Transfer in Microservice Applications

The microservice architecture style has gained popularity due to its ability to fault isolation, ease of scaling applications, and developer’s agility. However, writing applications in the microservice design style has its challenges. Due to the loosely coupled nature, services communicate with others through standard communication APIs. This incurs significant overhead in the application due to communication protocol and data transformation. An inefficient service communication at the microservice application logic can further overwhelm the application. We perform a grey literature review showing that unnecessary data transfer is a real challenge in the industry. To the best of our knowledge, no effective tool is currently available to accurately identify the origins of unnecessary microservice communications that lead to significant performance overhead and provide guidance for optimization. To bridge the knowledge gap, we propose MicroProf , a dynamic program analysis tool to detect unnecessary data transfer in Java-based microservice applications. At the implementation level, MicroProf proposes novel techniques such as remote object sampling and hardware debug registers to monitor remote object usage. MicroProf reports the unnecessary data transfer at the application source code level. Furthermore, MicroProf pinpoints the opportunities for communication API optimization. MicroProf is evaluated on four well-known applications involving two real-world applications and two benchmarks, identifying five inefficient remote invocations. Guided by MicroProf , API optimization achieves an 87.5% reduction in the number of fields within REST API responses. The empirical evaluation further reveals that the optimized services experience a speedup of up to 4.59×.

PACE: A Program Analysis Framework for Continuous Performance Prediction

Software development teams establish elaborate continuous integration pipelines containing automated test cases to accelerate the development process of software. Automated tests help to verify the correctness of code modifications decreasing the response time to changing requirements. However, when the software teams do not track the performance impact of pending modifications, they may need to spend considerable time refactoring existing code. This paper presents PACE , a program analysis framework that provides continuous feedback on the performance impact of pending code updates. We design performance microbenchmarks by mapping the execution time of functional test cases given a code update. We map microbenchmarks to code stylometry features and feed them to predictors for performance predictions. Our experiments achieved significant performance in predicting code performance, outperforming current state-of-the-art by 75% on neural-represented code stylometry features.

The problem of technical teacher training in modern conditions

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of selecting the content of the training of future teachers of general technical disciplines. It is proved that in conditions of multi-vector technical development, and turbulence associated with the transition to a multi-polar world order, the content of this training should change rapidly. Not only the given invariant of this content is important, but also the methodology of its formation.Aim. The present research aims to formulate the problem of developing the content for technical teacher training.Methodology and research methods. The developed methodology foundations for the selection of optimal content for technical teacher training are based on activity, competence-based, transfessional and transprofessional approaches. The empirical base was obtained using a distance questionnaire to technical teachers from 26 universities. The following theoretical methods were applied: retrospective analysis of the working conditions of teachers of technical disciplines; analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the problem of combining subject-professional and pedagogical training of a technical teacher; analysis of disciplines from professional training programmes in the Russian universities.Results. The analysis of vocational training programmes of technical and pedagogical universities made it possible to compare them with each other and to correlate the disciplines of the general professional block and elective courses to the main current directions of the Russian technical development in the current conditions. This made it possible to identify the content of the professional activity of the future technical teacher, as well as to indicate the possibilities for changing this content both in technical and pedagogical universities in order to more accurately match it with the existing tasks of technical development of the state. As a result of a retrospective analysis, a historically formed “portrait” of a technical was described. The following problems were indicated: “physical and technical snobbery” as unwillingness to enter the humanities and pedagogical field of professional activity from the physical and technical content of their subject; a low level of methodological knowledge and skills; lack of erudition in technical fields among young teachers; low professional self-esteem.Scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time the analysis of the disciplines of the general professional module and elective courses of technical and pedagogical universities of Russia revealed their correlation with the main directions of the development of science, technology and engineering.Practical significance. The conducted research allowed the authors to raise questions about the selection of the content of technical teacher training. This should help in the formulation of the principles of content selection to develop its methodology.

Retracted: Analysis and Application of Chinese Language and Literature Teaching Program Based on Computer Multimedia Technology

Retracted: Analysis and Application of Chinese Language and Literature Teaching Program Based on Computer Multimedia Technology

Counting chickens before they hatch: transformational accounting in a development cash transfer program

ABSTRACT This article investigates the role of narratives in international development through an ethnographic analysis of a cash transfer program. Tanzania’s Productive Social Safety Net makes small. Regular payments to some of the poorest households in the country. Implementation centers on public activities accompanying payouts where beneficiaries recount changes they have been able to make through their productive use of program money. Narratives are fundamental to cash transfer programs where agencies have to show that the very small payments poor households receive lead to the substantial changes made in policy claims. Development programs invoke distinct rhetorical forms in order to make hyperbolic claims about the changes people needing development are expected to achieve, despite limited resources. Transformational accounting adopts the dramaturgical conventions of ‘relational accounting’ to situate aid recipients in tales of self-generated transformation that provide the basis for ongoing improvement. The systematic overstatement of impacts from interventions perpetuates longstanding discourses about personal and financial responsibility, sustaining political economies of aid and its organizational arrangements which benefit vested interests.

Gender analysis of the World Health Organization online learning program on Immunization Agenda 2030.

Vaccine-preventable diseases pose a significant threat to children under five globally, creating disparities in immunization coverage. Despite its cost-effectiveness and life-saving potential, immunization faces challenges in achieving equitable coverage. Gender inequalities deeply influence access to healthcare, affecting immunization rates. This study examines the action plans submitted by participants of the World Health Organization's (WHO) IA2030 Scholar Level 1 certification course in 2021. A qualitative analysis was conducted on a subset of 111 action plans that scored above 75%, employing narrative thematic analysis to categorize and explore gender incorporation and identified barriers based on the IA2030 Gender Guide. Among the 111 analyzed action plans, gender considerations were present in almost all plans, underscoring the effectiveness of integrating gender perspectives in the course curriculum. The most frequently cited barriers included low education and health literacy, issues related to accessing quality immunization services, gendered dynamics in decision-making within households, and limited access to resources and mobility, predominantly impacting women. The findings confirm that gender inequalities significantly contribute to suboptimal immunization coverage. An intersectional approach, recognizing diverse social markers impacting immunization, is vital to address disparities effectively. Moreover, the need for gender-sensitive data and deeper understanding of intersectional dynamics was emphasized. The study highlights the importance of gender-transformative interventions, including community engagement and efforts targeting both men and women to enhance immunization coverage. While acknowledging limitations, such as potential biases in peer evaluations and the need for wider inclusivity in gender perspectives, this analysis underscores the significance of mainstreaming gender in immunization capacity-building programs. The integration of gender considerations not only raises awareness but also equips professionals to create more gender-responsive immunization programs. Continuous efforts to incorporate gender perspectives can lead to more effective, equitable, and gender-transformative immunization initiatives at various levels.

Science communication in higher education: global perspectives on the teaching of science communication

This special issue focuses on the global landscape of teaching science communication in higher education. Following an open call, we selected seven papers with topics including the geographical distribution of science communication programmes, indicators of quality, programme analysis, self-reporting tools, interdisciplinarity, sustainability, and competencies. Collectively, these contributions highlight how the field has grown and increased in complexity, and highlights challenges faced by educators and the significance of addressing them within local and global contexts.

Time-to-operation delays and in-hospital complications in operative facial trauma: A national analysis

BackgroundManagement of facial fractures is variable. Understanding how time to operative management impacts outcomes can help standardize practice. MethodsRetrospective analysis of the ACS Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database between 2016 and 2019. Adult patients with operative facial fractures were isolated by ICD-10 procedure codes, and further stratified by fracture location, including the mandible, orbit, maxilla, zygoma, and frontal bone. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to predict in-hospital complications (both surgical and systemic complications) adjusting for time-to-operation, comorbidities, fracture location, AIS, and demographics. Results1678 patients with operative facial fractures were identified. The median time-to-operation was 2 days (IQR 1.0–2.0 days). Most patients only had one operative fracture (95 %) and orbital fracture was the most common (44 %). The overall complication rate was higher for those operated after 2 days compared to those operated between 1 and 2 days and within 24 h (2.8 % vs 0.6 % vs 0.7 %; p < 0.001). Patients who were operated on after 48 h exhibited an increased risk of any complication (OR 4.72, 95 % CI 1.49–16.6, p = 0.010) on multivariable models. ConclusionDelays in the management of facial fractures are associated with more in-hospital complications. However, the incidence of short-term postoperative complications remains low. Injury characteristics are the primary predictor of delays in operation, however Hispanic patients independently experienced delays in care.

Relationship Between Individual Characteristics and Information Exposured with Halal Food Knowledge for Business Actors

Muslims will look for halal food products that are permitted to be consumed in their religion, not only in religion, but on a global scale there needs to be awareness of the importance of the quality of halal products by producers to sell products, so that a new perception regarding halal products arises. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between individual characteristics and exposure to information with halal food knowledge among business actors. This type of research is observational research with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study amounted to 40 respondents, sampling in this study used total sampling and measurement using a questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS for Windows program and bivariate analysis was carried out using the Spearman correlation test type p value = &lt;0.05. The research results show that the p value from Spearman statistical analysis shows the results of p value = 0.009 (age with knowledge), p value = 0.028 (gender with knowledge), p value = 0.046 (education with knowledge), p value = 0.337 (experience entrepreneurship with knowledge), p value = 0.050 (exposure to information with knowledge). Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between age, gender, education and exposure to information and knowledge of halal food and there is no relationship between entrepreneurial experience and knowledge of halal food. It is hoped that there will be further research regarding halal food knowledge education using various other methods.

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KRITIS DALAM PERSIAPAN MENGIKUTI PENDIDIKAN LEBIH LANJUT DAN MENGHADAPI DUNIA KERJA STUDI KASUS : SMK ISLAM ASSA’ADATUL ADABIYAH

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies and programs designed to improve critical thinking skills in individuals in preparation for further education and facing the challenges of the world of work. This research was conducted involving a group of participants consisting of vocational school students who were in class The research methods used include literature analysis, surveys, observations and implementation of special training programs focused on developing critical thinking. Surveys were conducted before and after the training to measure changes in participants' critical thinking abilities. Survey results and qualitative data from training sessions were analyzed to evaluate the program's impact. The conclusion of this research and community service activity is that OTKP Vocational School students can improve their ability to think critically so they can make decisions in the future whether they choose to continue their education at college or choose to look for work. LP3I Jakarta Polytechnic as one of the tertiary institutions has an active role in providing understanding to the community so that people know more about vocational education. One way is to provide seminars like this to build public awareness and understanding of the importance of the world of education, especially vocational education in tertiary institutions&#x0D; &#x0D; Keyword : Critical Thinking Skill, Further Education, Preparation For The World Of Work