Path Coefficient Analysis Research Articles

Characterization of growth and yield parameters and nutritional profiling of new potato clones

ABSTRACT Characterization of unique small potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) clones, called new potatoes, affecting growth, yield, and fruit quality traits could provide source of new alleles for breeding. The study was undertaken to characterize new potato clones for growth, tuber characters, yield, and nutritional profile in comparison with three common tetraploid potato varieties. New potato clones had stolon length of 7.11 cm, bulking habit of avg. 56 days from planting to initiation of tuber, number of tubers of avg. 34.16/plant, tubers weight avg. 7.40 g, and yield of avg. 253 g/plant. The nutritional profile of new potato clones surpassed the common tetraploid potato varieties particularly with respect to contents of dry matter, starch, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and total phenols. Correlation and path-coefficient analyses confirmed days from planting to initiation of tubers, average number of tubers per plant, average weight of tubers, average weight of tubers per plant, total soluble solids content, starch content, total sugar content, and non-reducing sugar content were the most important selection indices for enhancing tuber yield and quality. These new potato clones are regarded as preferred vegetable item by the consumer for long time because of good taste and stickiness of the tuber for the preparation of specific cooked items. There is substantial nutritional worth for the new potato clones.

Genetic Variability and Character Association Studies on Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Grain Type Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

The experiment was carried out during July, 2021 to November, 2021 at Botany Garden, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India to estimate genetic variability, correlation and path coefficients for various yield and its component characters using 45 F1 hybrids of cowpea derived from 10×10 half-diallel crosses and their ten parents. The genetic variability studies revealed the presence of sufficient variability between the studied genotypes for yield traits. High GCV, PCV, heritability and GAM were observed for number of pods plant-1 and grain yield plant-1, indicating that operating selection for these traits in the material would be fruitful owing to their additive gene action. Further, the correlation studies revealed that grain yield plant-1 was positively and significantly associated with the traits number of pods plant-1, pod length, number of seeds pod-1 and 100 seed weight at both genotypic and phenotypic levels depicting the scope of indirect selection for yield through these associated characters. Phenotypic and genotypic path coefficient analysis revealed that number of pods plant-1 recorded highest positive direct effect on yield plant-1 and also highest indirect effect on yield plant-1 via pod length and number of seeds pod-1. These results indicated that, grain yield in cowpea can be improved by improving these significantly associated component traits.

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Lines Under Terminal Heat Stress in the Hisar Environment

Various environmental stresses affect plant development and growth globally and restrict agricultural output and productivity. Wheat plants are negatively impacted by terminal heat stress, which lowers productivity. The correlation between grain yield and other qualities may determine the plant material's ability to minimize the effects of heat stress on yield, and a trait variance aids in the identification of attractive genotypes in a breeding program. To accomplish this, the genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path coefficient analyses of 64 bread wheat genotypes were conducted. As a result, all 15 morpho-physiological traits revealed highly significant genotypic variations. Total chlorophyll content and main spike weight were both higher than 42% and 16%, respectively, for the genotypic coefficient of variation and the phenotypic coefficient of variation. The grain yield per plot indicated a significant and positive correlation with spike length, spike weight, number of grains per spike, number of spikelets per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plot, grain growth rate, total chlorophyll content and number of productive tillers per meter. As a result, five genotypes, P13833, P13828, P13031, P13723, and P13726, had higher yields and should be utilized as parents in breeding programs. The results revealed that the selection of key physiological and morphological characteristics associated with grain production significantly raises wheat productivity in situations like heat stress.

Association between Socio Economic Profile with Knowledge of Respondents towards Improved Banana Cultivation Practices in Vaishali District of Bihar

The present study was conducted to assess the socio-economic profile and association between independent variables with knowledge of the banana growers in Vaishali district, Bihar. The study used purposive sampling to select two blocks, namely Hajipur and Bidupur, and simple random sampling to select three villages from each block. In total, six villages were selected for the study, and a total sample of 120 banana growers was chosen using proportionate simple random sampling technique. The study employed path coefficient analysis to measure the effect of the independent variables on knowledge. There was a significant and positive correlation between the level of knowledge regarding improved banana cultivation practices and the variables of age, annual income, source of information, scientific orientation, risk orientation, mass media exposure at a 0.01 per cent level of probability. On the other hand, extension contact was positive and significant association with the level of knowledge toward improved banana cultivation practices at 0.05 per cent levels of probability. The variables of education, caste, type of family and size of land holding were not significant.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF WHEAT VARIETIES FOR YIELD AND RELATED TRAITS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS

This study aims to evaluate the performance of selected wheat varieties under the world's most prevalent and increasing drought conditions and to recommend suitable drought-resistant varieties to the farming community to increase yields even under stressful conditions to meet growing food needs. For this purpose, seven wheat genotypes were grown in sandy loam soil at the experimental field area of the College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur sub-campus Layyah, during 2020-21. Data were collected for the number of tillers, spikelets, flag leaf length, plant height, thousand-grain weight, spike length, and grain yield per plant. The results showed variation in the production level of wheat genotypes under control and different drought stress levels. Analysis of variance exhibited highly significant differences for all the seven characters studied. Based on mean performance Fakhar-e-Bhakkar, Gold, and Faisalabad may be top contributors to grain yield. The highest positive correlation indicates a highly significant and positive correlation between all measured morphological parameters of wheat genotypes. Path coefficient analysis recommended maximum positive direct and indirect effects on yield except for spike length. All of the genotypes performed well, even in drought conditions. However, all genotypes have some excellent features producing genetic diversity in germplasm. Therefore, these traits may be helpful for wheat breeding programs in the future.

PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSES OF INTRODUCED RICE VARIETIES UNDER DIFFERENT PLANTING DISTANCES

Five rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (N22, Amber, Moroberekan, Kinandang Patong, and Azucena) underwent path coefficient analysis across three plant spacings (15 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm, and 25 cm× 25 cm) in the summer of 2017 at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya, Iraq. The experiment proceeded in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a split-plot arrangement and three replications. The main plots included three planting distances, and the subplot comprised five varieties. The traits studied were plant height, flag leaf area, number of tillers, panicle number, length and branches, grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, and the percentage of unfilled grains. The results showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences between direct and indirect and total effects. The studied traits provided negative values for the total effects except for the number of tillers and the number of panicles per plant, as these two traits reached 1.0938 and 1.0798, respectively. With the second plant spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm, the traits: plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles, and panicle length, showed the total positive effects, ranging from 0.2803 to 0.6606, with the remaining traits enunciated negative values. For the third plant spacing of 25 cm × 25 cm, the traits: panicle length, number of tillers, grains per panicle, and 1000- grain weight, exhibited positive values for the total effects, ranging from 0.623 to 1.1593.

Correlation and path coefficient analysis of yield and yield components of some Ethiopian faba bean (Vicia faba L.) accessions

<p>The knowledge of correlation and path coefficient analysis<strong> </strong>allow crop breeders to practice indirect selection to improve traits like grain yield which are complex in nature. The objectives of the present study were to measure association among yield and yield related traits and to identify important traits for indirect selection to improve faba bean grain yield. Eighty-one faba bean accessions were evaluated following 9 × 9 simple lattice design at one of the Bahir Dar University research sites at Mecha district in 2019 rainy cropping season. The result of correlation analysis revealed that grain yield had highly significant (<em>p</em> < 0.01) and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with plant height, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, biomass yield, 100-seed mass and harvest index indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement of grain yield with these traits through selection. Path coefficient analysis demonstrated that higher positive direct effects were exerted by biomass yield and harvest index on grain yield both at phenotypic and genotypic levels, as a result, these traits could be used as indirect selection criteria to improve faba bean grain yield.</p>

Correlation and path coefficient analysis of yield and yield components of some Ethiopian faba bean (Vicia faba L.) accessions

The knowledge of correlation and path coefficient analysis allow crop breeders to practice indirect selection to improve traits like grain yield which are complex in nature. The objectives of the present study were to measure association among yield and yield related traits and to identify important traits for indirect selection to improve faba bean grain yield. Eighty-one faba bean accessions were evaluated following 9 × 9 simple lattice design at one of the Bahir Dar University research sites at Mecha district in 2019 rainy cropping season. The result of correlation analysis revealed that grain yield had highly significant (p < 0.01) and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with plant height, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, biomass yield, 100-seed mass and harvest index indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement of grain yield with these traits through selection. Path coefficient analysis demonstrated that higher positive direct effects were exerted by biomass yield and harvest index on grain yield both at phenotypic and genotypic levels, as a result, these traits could be used as indirect selection criteria to improve faba bean grain yield.

Studies on Correlation and Path Analysis for Yield and Morpho-Physiological Traits in Elite Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes under Dry DSR System

An experiment was conducted at the Agricultural College, Aswaraopet, Bhadradri Kothagudem district, Telangana, India during July to December 2021 by using thirty elite rice genotypes comprising of different durations i.e. short, medium and long to study the nature of relationship between grain yield and morpho-physiological traits by partitioning the correlation co-efficients between grain yield and morpho-physiological traits into direct and indirect effects. Observations were recorded on seven yield, six physiological and three root characters. The correlation studies revealed that, grain yield plant-1 had shown a significant positive association with yield contributing traits like 1000 grain weight, spikelet fertility, specific leaf area and root biomass, indicating the importance of these traits in yield improvement. Among all other yield attributing characters, spikelet fertility showed the highest significant positive correlation with yield whereas days to 50% flowering and number of productive tillers plant-1 exhibited non-significant positive association with grain yield plant-1. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the highest positive direct effect on grain yield was exhibited by spikelet fertility and 1000 grain weight. A high magnitude of negative direct effects on yield was shown by field emergence at 14 DAS. Thus, from the studies on correlation and path analysis, it could be concluded that the traits viz., spikelet fertility, 1000 grain weight, specific leaf area and root biomass could be used as selection parameters for improving grain yield under dry DSR system.

Genetic parameters and association analysis for grain yield and yield attributing traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm lines

The intensity of trait association and genetic variability of yield attributing variables in 217 rice genotypes was investigated during kharif 2018. The existence of genetic variability among the genotypes was demonstrated by analysis of variance, which recorded significant differences for all the seven studied parameters. The estimation of variability indicated that The full grain number per panicle (37.2 % and 34.1 %) & single plant yield (24.7 % and 20.55 %) had the highest intensity of phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficients of variation ( GCV), and High heritability along with high genetic advance as a per cent of mean (GAM) was found in Plant height (98.9 % and 20.8 %), panicle number per plant (95.4 % and 36 %), panicle length(96.8 % and 35.9 %), full grain number per panicle(99.5 % and 61.6 %), thousand seed weight (98.1 % and 40.25 %) and single plant yield (69.2 % and 35.2 %) , depicting additive gene action in inheritance of these parameters. A simple selection procedure can help to enhance these characteristics even further. Correlation and regression coefficient findings indicated that plant height (0.193**) and the full grain number per panicle (0.177**) had a significant impact on single plant yield. The full grain number per panicle (0.265**), followed by thousand seed weight (0.194**) and plant height (0.110**), had the maximum direct positive effect on single plant yield, as per path coefficient analysis. As a result, accessions with a higher full grain number per panicle, thousand seed weight and plant height would be suitable for yield enhancement programme.

Shika kahverengi yumurtacı tavuklarda yumurta ağırlığı üzerine iç ve dış kalite özelliklerinin doğrudan ve dolaylı katkılarının Path Katsayısı Analizi kullanılarak belirlenmesi

Path analysis procedure is a statistical procedure that can be applied to evaluate direct and indirect contributions of independent variables to the dependent variables for better understanding of the relationships between egg quality traits. One hundred and twenty (120) eggs, collected from Shika Brown layers, were used to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of internal and external egg quality parameters on egg weight of Shika Brown layers using Path analysis procedure. Data obtained on individual egg include the following; egg weight (EWT), egg length (ELT), egg width (EWD), shell thickness (STK), shell weight (SWT), albumen weight (AWT) and yolk weight (YWT). Correlation coefficient results show that EWT had a positively significant correlation (P<0.05) with ELT (0.715), EWD (0.758), SWT (0.460) and AWT (0.785). ELT had the greatest direct effect (0.360; P<0.05) on EWT followed by EWD (0.345; P<0.05) while the least of the direct effects on EWT (0.012; P<0.05) was from STK. However, the highest total indirect effect (0.487) on EGW was realised largely via EWD. Therefore, EWT of Shika Brown layer strain had a high positive relationship with ELT, EWD and AWT. The path coefficient analysis revealed that ELT, along with EWD contributed highest direct effect on the EWT. This information could be used in selection programme for the improvement of EWT of Shika Brown layer chickens.

Assessment of Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Field Pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.)

Assessment of Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Field Pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.)

Identification of important morphology for waterlogging tolerance from developed mung bean F2 population

Waterlogging is severe abiotic stress during mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata) production. Waterlogging impacts yield loss for the legume crop by around 40%-70%, depending on the severity and duration of the waterlogging. In total, 107 collected mung bean varieties were evaluated under managed waterlogging. The F2 population from crossing between waterlogging-tolerant and -susceptible mung bean varieties were screened under waterlogging conditions. Morphological responses to the waterlogging were recorded. Correlation and path coefficient analyses were used to identify essential traits for waterlogging tolerance and seed yield potential under water stress. Mung bean varieties in clusters 5 and 6 were high waterlogging tolerance with survival rates of 66.66% and 61.11%, respectively. Of 199 F2 lines from crossings between the Kamphaeng Sean2 and W162, 20 lines presented high waterlogging tolerance. The injury score was negatively correlated with the number of leaves at the final date of waterlogging (-0.845) and 1 wk after terminating the waterlogging (-0.885). At the final date of waterlogging condition, the number of leaves and leaf greenness stability index directly affected leaf injury at -0.5928 and -0.4385. One week after waterlogging termination, only the number of leaves affected the leaf injury at -0.8599. The number of leaves directly affected seed yield components at 0.6534 and higher than the direct effect of the other traits. Thus, the number of leaves was a suitable morphological parameter along with the injury score for selecting waterlogging tolerance. The number of leaves was a suitable parameter for selecting high seed yield potential under waterlogging conditions.

Estimation of genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in elite rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)

A trial was carried out to explore the variability and correlation among thirty five rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm for fifteen characters, during kharif 2017-18 at Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, (Bihar). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among all the genotypes and for all fifteen characters, which reflects that considerable amount of variability, were present in the genotypes. Two genotypes LPD104-B-B-1-8-2-1-1and RP5124-11-6-2 were identified as the superior genotypes for yield. The highest magnitude of genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for length breadth ratio of rice grain, however highest phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for grain yield per plant followed by kernel length. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent mean was observed for kernel length and length breadth ratio. In this experiment grain yield per plant had positive and significant association with biological yield per plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, while remaining characters had non-significant association with yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the biological yield per plant, harvest index and kernel length had high positive direct effects on grain yield per plant indicating true relationship of these characters with grain yield. Therefore, these traits could be considered in rice improvement programme.

Multivariate Analysis for Selection of High Yielding and Early Genotypes in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] for North Western Plain Zone of India

Background: Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] is the second most important pulse crop in India after chickpea. The crop is cultivated during kharif in the arid and semi-arid regions of India. The present study aims to evaluate the genetic variability of the population in small scale trial (SST) through multivariate, principal component and cluster analysis so as to identify superior high yielding early maturing genotypes that fit in cropping systems suitable for the North Western Plain Zone of India. Methods: The plant material comprised of thirty advanced pigeonpea genotypes along with three checks evaluated in small scale trial (SST) during in randomized complete block design with three replications. Result: High GCV and PCV along with high heritability and GA as percent of mean was recorded for the characters PPP and SYPP indicating the preponderance of additive gene action for the expression of these traits. Seed yield per plot (SYPP) was found to be positively correlated with DF (0.30) and HSW (0.37). Path coefficient analysis revealed that PPP, DF and HSW had significant positive and direct effect on seed yield per plot. Principal Component Analysis further substantiated the variability of the population wherein three components explained 65.8% of variation. Cluster analysis classified the 33 genotypes into eight different clusters thereby highlighting sufficient divergence in the population. Cluster VI and VIII showed the highest distance, which is suggestive of prospective utilization of heterosis from their crosses. Two genotypes AH 20-10 and AH 20-23 were identified as the most genetically distant and hence could be forwarded in future breeding programme.

Principal Component Analysis and Path Coefficient Analysis for Groundnut Yield and Seed Quality Attributes (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Background: A complex quantitative characteristic yield is heavily impacted by the environment. The productivity of groundnut can be increased less effectively through direct selection for grain yield. The current study aimed to study the variation among diverse groundnut genotypes. Methods: Phenotypic data was collected on seven quantitative and six qualitative characters for 24 genotypes under study carried out in randomised block design (RBD). GRAPES software has been used for analysis. Result: Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters indicating the prevalence of ample genetic variability within the genotypes. Significant positive associations were observed for primary branches, secondary branches, 100-pod weight, shelling per cent, protein and zinc content. Path analysis revealed that plant height, primary branches per plant, hundred pod weight, shelling percent, protein content and zinc content are the most important characters which could be used as selection criteria for effective improvement of pod yield. Using GRAPES software, Fourteen Principal components are extracted based on mean values of which the first five PCs showed 73.24% variation with eigen values more than 1. Biplot constructed by Principal component analysis revealed Hundred pod weight and hundred kernel weight as important traits for study.

Crop load, fruit russeting, vegetative growth traits and leaf nutrient effects as a function of customized foliar nutritive fluids in Gale Gala apple (Malus × domestica) in dry temperate environment

The study exploited the clonal rootstocks for bio-efficacy testing of water soluble customized nutrient (WSCN), viz. K2O:S:Mg:Ca:Zn:B (6:11:5:0.3:0.3:0.4, w/w) on agronomic performance, fruit yield and quality characteristics on Gale Gala apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) grafted onto EMLA.111 and EMLA.7 clonal rootstocks in dry temperate climatic conditions of north-west Himalaya. The trial procedure included tree fertilization of four levels of NPK soil fertilizers (100, 80, 60 and 40% of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF-NPK, 70:35:70, one-year-old tree basis) were supplemented along with WSCN foliar formulation. Application of 60% RDF+75g WSCN+25g urea at 15 DAPF followed by 75g WSCN at 30 and 45 DAPF improved growth traits, fruit coloration, fruit yield and quality attributes. All applied concentrations of WSCN reduced russeting in Gale Gala apple significantly. The effects of the integrated fertilizers schedules with WSCN on russet control were also evaluated. EMLA.111 was the most suitable clonal rootstock, where, the rate of russeting on fruits was less compared to EMLA.7 irrespective of the WSCN treatments tested. The phenological observations in relation to the initiation of the flowering lasting for 19 days were also recorded. The pest management programme was adopted to manage the apple pest complex. Between the different schedules with foliar WSCN, the differences were also recorded in amount of russeting on EMLA.111/ EMLA.7 rootstocks compared to control. The schedules with foliar WSCN on a wet canopy noticed less russetted fruits. The study also identified the relationship between yield and productivity traits using path coefficient analysis to know the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on managerial ability of the crop. Principle component analysis (PCA) of fruit quality traits was also worked out for differences among WSCN formulations tested which accounted 100% of the cumulative variance.

Development of Aquatic Index of Biotic Integrity and Its Driving Factors in the Diannong River, China

To investigate the health of the Diannong River water ecosystem, we collected and analyzed phytoplankton, zooplankton, and microorganisms from the Diannong River in April, July, and October 2021. We also analyzed the physical and chemical factors of the water environment and analyzed the habitat quality. The reference points were determined by the habitat composite index and water quality score. Phytoplankton index of biotic integrity (P-IBI), Zooplankton index of biotic integrity (Z-IBI), and microbial index of biotic integrity (M-IBI) which evaluated the health status of Diannong River were constructed by distribution range analysis, discriminatory ability analysis and correlation analysis of candidate biological indicators. Stepwise regression analysis and path coefficient analysis were conducted to determine the environmental factors driving the changes in aquatic IBI. The results showed that the indicators of P-IBI were the number of Cyanobacteria taxonomic units %, the number of Green Algae taxonomic units%, the relative abundance of Euglena, the relative abundance of Green Algae, and the relative abundance of toxic-producing algae. The indicators of Z-IBI were the total number of zooplankton taxonomic units, the relative abundance of Copepods, the relative abundance of the top 3 dominant species, and the Simpson index; the indicators of M-IBI were the Observed species, the relative abundance of Chloroflexi, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, the relative abundance of the highest dominant taxonomic unit, the relative abundance of the top 5 dominant taxonomic units, the relative abundance of pollution intermediate genus, and the Ace index. The results of the IBI evaluation for three aquatic organisms showed that most of the sites in the upper reaches of the Diannnong River were at healthy or healthier levels; most of the sites in the middle reaches of the Diannnong River and the Yuehai Lake area were at mediocre or poor levels; and most of the sites in the downstream reaches of the Diannong River were average or mediocre levels. the main water environment factors driving the changes in P-IBI were water temperature (WT) and pH. The main water environment factors driving the changes in Z-IBI were total dissolved solids (TDS), WT and total nitrogen (TN); the main water environment factors driving the changes of M-IBI were fluoride ion (F−) and electrical conductivity (EC). This study provides the scientific reference for the application of the index of biotic integrity (IBI) for a variety of aquatic organisms in the river and lake waters and a basis for the management and optimization of the Diannong River aquatic ecosystem.

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for Yield and Its Related Traits in Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

An experiment was carried out to study the correlation and path analysis in 40 buckwheat genotypes during Rabi, 2021-2022 at the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SHIATS, Allahabad in Randomized BlºCk Design with three replications to analyze correlation and path Analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant difference for seed yield and its components indicating presence of large amount of variability in the genotypes. The magnitude of GCV and PCV recorded highest for economic yield, plant height, time of beginning of flowering, number of branches, test weight, days to 50% flowering. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent mean was recorded for economic yield, plant height, time of beginning of flowering, test weight, number of branches, days to 50% flowering, days to 80% maturity. Seed yield per plant showed a highly significant positive correlation with test weight and days to 80% maturity at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path analysis revealed that test weight and time of beginning of flowering registered high and positive direct effect on seed yield per plant. It suggests that there is a true relationship between these traits, and that direct selection for these traits will be beneficial for yield improvement.

Study of correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield attributing traits in selected rils of diverse wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for heat tolerance

Rising temperature has adversely affected wheat production globally. In this realm we studied various morpho-physiological traits governing heat tolerance using thirty bread wheat RILs developed via crossing LOK-1 x HUW- 468, LOK 1 x HUW 234 and Raj-4014 x PBN-51. Correlation studies reflected that traits like number of tillers per plant, plant height, and chlorophyll content were significantly positive correlated with grain yield per plant, on the other hand, path coefficient analysis revealed that the chlorophyll content (0.362) and tillers per plant (0.222) showed a significant positive correlation with grain yield per plant, whereas significant negative correlation for grain yield was exhibited with relative water loss (-0.392) and canopy temperature (-0.402) at genotypic level.