Performance Analysis Of Networks Research Articles

Performance analysis of deep neural networks through transfer learning in retinal detachment diagnosis using fundus images

Performance analysis of deep neural networks through transfer learning in retinal detachment diagnosis using fundus images

Performance Analysis of Multi User Optical Wireless Network (IR, or UV light for signal carrying) under Different Environmental Conditions

<p>The field of optics is flourishing day by day on account of the wide usage of the internet and its associated technologies. Free Space Optics (FSO) is a data transmission technique that employs light propagation to send data. This technology is effective in those circumstances where fiber optic cables cannot be deployed. This paper provides a model and simulation of the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) based FSO network under different environmental conditions, such as modulation types and data rates. Also, investigation of the impact of Multiple Access Interference (MAI) on FSO under design parameters has been done. The designed system performance is analyzed under the multiuser optical wireless network by changing data rates and modulation types. The proposed model's security is achieved through the use of the FBG encoder/decoder and the FSO channel for transmission. It has been inferred that the CRZ modulation type provides the best BER and Q factor compared to other formats, and a data rate as high as 1Gbps can be achieved using the CRZ modulation format. It has been noticed that as the number of users grows, the BER value begins to deteriorate.</p>

Performance Analysis of the Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Relay Network With Opportunistic Scheduling Over Generalized Fading Channels

A hybrid satellite-terrestrial relay network (HSTRN) has been envisioned as a promising communication architecture for future wireless communications, which can prominently reduce the impact of shadow fading and expand service coverage. In this paper, we conduct theoretical performance analysis for a dual-hop communication system, consisting of multiple relays and multiple users in the HSTRN with the amplify-and-forward protocol. For the shadowing effect and the multipath effect, we introduce the shadowed-Rician distribution and Nakagami-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$</tex-math></inline-formula> fading to characterize the channel models for the satellite-relay and the relay-user links, respectively. Additionally, the opportunistic scheduling scheme is employed, where the optimal relay and the optimal user are selected from the alternative nodes with the maximum instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio. Thereafter, the analytical expressions including ergodic capacity and average symbol error rate (SER) are derived. More specifically, we also present the asymptotic behavior of the average SER at the high signal-to-noise ratio (SRN) regime. The theoretical analysis is validated by the numerical results. Moreover, the results also reveal that the performance of the system can be improved by increasing the number of relays and users under different channel parameters and various modulation schemes.

Performance Analysis of Heterogeneous Network Using Relay Diversity in High-Speed Vehicular Communication

Performance Analysis of Heterogeneous Network Using Relay Diversity in High-Speed Vehicular Communication

Performance Analysis of AF Cooperative Relaying Networks with SWIPT

Cooperative communication networks have received more attention due to its ability to improve the signal quality of terminal devices by spatial diversity. Under recent advance in internet of things, In order to extend the service life of terminal devices powered by battery, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique has been emphasize. The terminal devices can harvest energy and decode information from the same radio frequency (RF) signal using by SWIPT technique. In this paper, we combine both techniques to study the performance of both conventional cooperative relaying networks without SWIPT and cooperative relaying networks with SWIPT under an amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying network. To the best of our knowledge, no one simultaneously studies and compares the performance of both systems. Therefore, the outage probabilities of both systems are carried out, and numerical results are compared in this paper. The main results include: (1) Compared with conventional cooperative communication, the cooperative communication with SWIPT has better outage probability only when the distance between relay node and source node is less than one. It implies that, to outperform the conventional cooperative communication, the relay node should harvest enough energy for signal transmission. (2) With the diversity of direct path and relay path, the outage probability of cooperative communication with EH under an AF relaying network has been significantly reduced.

Performance Analysis of Heterogeneous Cellular Caching Networks With Overlapping Small Cells

Caching at network edges has attracted more and more research interests recently for the purpose of alleviating the network traffic pressure especially in backhaul links and improving user experience. We study Heterogeneous Cellular Caching Networks (HCCNs) consisting of macro cells in which <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> small cell base stations (SBSs) equipped with cache memory operate in conjunction with the macro cell base station (MBS). We provide closed-form expressions of the MBS and SBSs utilization factors and average user-experienced-delay in HCCNs with overlapping coverage regions, considering general traffic models for the request arrivals based on the Independent Reference Model (IRM) and renewal traffic models. Moreover, we propose a novel caching scheme in HCCNs, namely Cooperative Most Popular Caching (CMPC), which outperforms the existing schemes in terms of delay. Subsequently, we present the bandwidth assignment problem aiming to minimize the average user-experienced-delay under stability and cache size constraints in HCCNs with overlapping coverage regions and stochastic request arrivals. Finally, the analytic results are validated through numerical results and real trace-driven experiments.

Performance Analysis of Statistical Priority-Based Multiple Access Network With Directional Antennas

This letter proposes an analytical framework to assess the network performance of a wireless network adopting statistical priority-based multiple access (SPMA) scheme with nodes equipping with directional antennas. By taking into account the spatial randomness of nodes and the impact of directional antenna, we first derive the analytical expressions of medium access probability (MAP), burst success probability, and packet success probability with tools from stochastic geometry. We then verify the correctness of the analytical framework by adopting three typical directional antenna models. By comparing with the scenario where nodes are equipped with omnidirectional antennas, we show the superiority of the directional antennas in limiting the aggregated network interference and enhancing the packet success probability.

Design and Analysis of Coded Caching Schemes in Stochastic Wireless Networks

Coded caching is a technique that promises significant reductions in network traffic by exploiting the multicast opportunities among multiple cache-enabled users. Most works in this area investigate the fundamental performance limits of coded caching from an information-theoretic perspective. In this paper, from a practical perspective, we focus on the design and analysis of the coded caching scheme in large-scale stochastic networks with dynamic traffic. Aiming at the challenges of the large number of users, dynamic packet requests, and distance-dependent interference, the packet caching scheme and packet delivery scheme are jointly designed to ensure the availability of the coded caching gain. To characterize the coded caching performance, the queue dynamic of the packet requests and channel state are first analyzed. Then by combining the successive group decoding theory and stochastic geometry approach, the network interference is characterized and the successful transmission probability of the multicast coded signal is further derived. Moreover, the coded caching scheme is optimized to minimize the average delay of the packet request, which is proved to ensure service fairness and reduce the complexities of network performance analysis. The analytical and numerical results provide useful insights for the provisioning and planning of the coded caching network.

Artificial Neural Network Performance Analysis for Solar Radiation Prediction, Case Study at Baron Techno Park

As stated in Government Regulation No. 79 of 2014 on National Energy Policy (KEN), the New and Renewable Energy (NRE) mix target is at least 23% by 2025. Now the utilization of solar energy in Indonesia has only reached about 0.05% or 100 MW. Government compiles a roadmap for the use of solar energy that targets the installed PV mini-grid capacity until 2025 is 6.5 GW. Technically, before installing a solar power plant, solar potential data is needed for a certain period of time. This is absolutely necessary considering the potential for solar is intermittent. The solar data are then processed to create a model forecasting so that it can optimize the resulting energy output. Forecasting using artificial intelligence with artificial neural network algorithms is a good solution because it has higher accuracy. To see the comparison of the performance of the ANN of this research with previous research. The finding shows that Baron 1-7-1 performed better than 2P 1-2-1 and Baron 1-2-1, regardless that the RMSE have a slight difference but still Baron 1-7-1 outperformed the others, with the best value of RMSE 0.15185 and R2 of 0.88996.

Performance analysis of joint dual relay selection and physical layer network coding in two-way relay channels

Performance analysis of joint dual relay selection and physical layer network coding in two-way relay channels

Analysis of Local Area Network Performance using Quality of Service

Analysis of Local Area Network Performance using Quality of Service

Performance Analysis of Bi-directional Optical Network Using Hybrid Optical Amplifier in the Context of Multiplay Services

Performance of bi-directional optical network has evaluated for 400 optical network units (ONUs) using RAMAN-EDFA hybrid optical amplifier (HOA). Further, performances have also recorded in terms of quality factor and eye height for the data rate of 5 Gbps, 10 Gbps, 15 Gbps, 20 Gbps and 25 Gbps respectively for the distance of 60 km to 75 km. Limits of the users have also set to 400 for the analysis of various aspects for multiplay services (data, voice, video and mobile service). Data rate of 5 Gbps has delivered the acceptable outcome for multiplay services (MPS). Furthermore, proposed super dense passive optical network (SD-PON) has also shown the stability among the present current research of art in terms of acceptable rating outcome.

Performance analysis of long band passive optical network using amplifier spontaneous noise and fiber Bragg gratings

Abstract Long band (L-Band) passive optical networks (PONs) are attracting a lot of attention these days, thanks to rising capacity demands. Because of PONs requesting more and more channels, fault detection/monitoring is critical. Fault detection in the conventional band (C-Band) employing reflecting Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) and a probe signal integrating an additional amplified spontaneous noise (ASEN) source has been frequently demonstrated. However, interference occurs when ASEN and transmitter signals are in the same wavelength band, and adding additional ASEN sources to the network raises the overall cost. So, in L-Band PONs, a cost-effective, low-complexity fault detection/monitoring system is required. Therefore, in this work, a fault detection/monitoring system for L-Band PON using C-Band ASEN from inline erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and dual purpose FBG, i.e. (1) ASEN reflection for fault monitoring and (2) dispersion compensation is proposed. A 4 × 10 Gbps L-Band PON is investigated over 40 km feeder fiber (FF) and 1 km drop fibers (DFs) that serve 32 optical network units (ONUs)/different input powers, dispersion values, and laser linewidths in terms of reflective power of FBGs, eye opening factor, and bit error rate (BER), respectively.

Quality of Service (QoS) for Network Performance Analysis Wireless Area Network (WLAN)

Quality of Service (QoS) is the ability of a network to provide good service by providing bandwidth, overcoming jitter and delay. Wireless LAN network performance must always be maintained properly. Therefore, to determine the quality of the wireless LAN internet network at Asahan University, it is necessary to analyze network performance, focus on how to monitor and measure the performance of the wireless LAN network, and find out how big the network performance is on the infrastructure. as the speed of access from the sending point to the destination point. Access speed is measured by measuring throughput, delay, jitter and packet loss on the network at Asahan University. Research conducted using quantitative methods consists of 4 stages, namely conceptual, design, empirical and analytical. In the QoS (Quality of Service) analysis carried out using the Wireshark application and using the TIPHON standard, the results obtained from the quality of the WLAN network of each faculty at Asahan University are different. Throughput measurement obtained an average result of 582.08 Kb/s and is categorized as medium. The average packet loss measurement result is 5.39% and is categorized as good. The delay measurement results obtained an average of 15.62 ms and is categorized as very good. The average result of the jitter measurement is 4.50ms with good category.

A Blockchain-based Model for Securing IoT Transactions in a Healthcare Environment

A blockchain is a data structure that is implemented as a distrusted database or digital ledger. The transactions are saved to a block of transactions that is attached in turn to the blockchain after the verification process, in which each block in the chain contains a hash signature of the previous block in addition to the hash signature of the block itself. The blocks on the blockchain are chained as an immutable list using the proof-of-work procedure, where there is no way to alter or delete an attached block due to the strict security policy used for structuring the chain of blocks. Each node holds a copy of the blockchain in which the miners take the responsibility of verifying and attaching blocks to the blockchain. The Ethereum blockchain introduced the smart contract which holds logic to be processed once the contract is established. These smart contracts are developed via the Solidity programming language. This proposed paper exploits the Ethereum blockchain along with smart contracts as the base technology for implementing the proposed blockchain-based model. The paper aims to develop a multilayered blockchain-based model, in which the blockchain model is set up on a private blockchain Ethereum network where the nodes share the electronic medical records (EMR) among the P2P (peer-to-peer) network that will be used to secure the IoT medical transactions. Solidity smart contract, introduced by Ethereum, is deployed to handle the EMR “open-query-transfer” operations on the private network, whereas the miners are responsible to validate the transactions. Finally, the research conducts a performance analysis of the Ethereum network using the Ethereum Caliper, considering several performance factors, which are: Maximum Latency, Minimum Latency, Average Latency, and Throughput.

Performance Analysis of RIS-Aided Networks With Co-Channel Interference

In this letter, we investigate the performance of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided networks in the presence of non-identically distributed interferers at the destination. A mathematical framework is proposed to statistically characterize the cascaded channels and to evaluate the performance in terms of outage probability (OP) and average bit error rate (BER). The high signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) analysis reduces to easy-to-compute expressions for the outage probability and BER, which reveals inside information for the system design. We also extend the analysis to study multi-RIS networks with two schemes. Representative results show that the RIS element number and interference setting have a significant impact on the overall system performance.

Evaluation of Cell-Free Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems Based on Site-Specific Ray Tracing Simulations

Ultra densification of the number of antennas combined with the use of large bandwidths in the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum is considered one of the main methodologies to achieve the quality of service requirements for future generations of wireless communications. Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) cell-free (CF) systems have a large number of access points (APs) distributed in the coverage area, serving simultaneously a smaller number of users consuming the same time-frequency resources. In order to support realistic CF networks designs, this work proposes a performance analysis based on ray tracing simulations. The propagation modeling considers reflection, diffraction, diffuse scattering, atmospheric molecular absorption and foliage and rainfall losses. CF networks with APs equipped with multiple antennas operating in the 26 GHz, 38 GHz and 73 GHz bands are evaluated. From the simulation results, the communication channel is characterized and parameterized. Different performance analysis of CF networks are performed, based on downlink spectral efficiency. In addition, the performance of CF networks in rainy environments is evaluated, and it has been observed that this architecture promotes resistance to the effect of rain attenuation.

Vulnerability of Regional Aviation Networks Based on DBSCAN and Complex Networks

To enhance the accuracy of performance analysis of regional airline network, this study applies complex network theory and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to investigate the topology of regional airline network, constructs node importance index system, and clusters 161 airport nodes of regional airline network. Besides, entropy power method and approximating ideal solution method (TOPSIS) is applied to comprehensively evaluate the importance of airport nodes and complete the classification of nodes and identification of key points; adopt network efficiency, maximum connectivity subgraph and network connectivity as vulnerability measurement indexes, and observe the changes of vulnerability indexes of key nodes under deliberate attacks and 137 nodes under random attacks. The results demonstrate that the decreasing trend of the maximum connectivity subgraph indicator is slower and the decreasing trend of the network efficiency and connectivity indicators is faster when the critical nodes of the regional airline network are deliberately attacked. Besides, the decreasing trend of the network efficiency indicator is faster and the decreasing trend of the maximum connectivity subgraph indicator is slower when the nodes of four different categories are randomly attacked. Finally, it is proposed to identify and focus on protecting critical nodes in order to better improve the security level of regional airline system.

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Spiral Fishbone Network Using NS-2

In this research, we have projected and carried out a novel fishbone network that shows better performance in the term of minimizing the packet delay with respect to sink speed. Previous study implies that sector angle affects greatly on designing fishbone network. Finite Set of nodes arranges to sense the physical condition of any system is called wireless sensor. Our designed fishbone network can be potentially applied for a wireless sensing system to formulate a whole network. The network is a novel design which has been finalized by comparing sector angle. Analysis takes place by varying packet delay according to sink speed. Future analysis takes place for Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE). Latency of Packet and its size is the measurement criteria of any network or service is called Quality of Service (QoS). On the other hand the user experience of using the designed network is called Quality of Experience (QoE). Our designed network has been analyzed in TCP Tracer to find out the latency or packet delay for different users. The user data has been shorted and equated among them for latency with different no of packets. Our proposed spiral fishbone network shows better QoS and QoE. In future more nodes can be added to design extended fishbone network for wireless.

Performance analysis of cost effective multi-hop Time Sensitive Network for IEEE 802.1Qbv and IEEE 802.1Qbu standards

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is an emerging technology, which enables advancements in applications like industrial automation, automatic vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. which hosts various time-critical applications, ensuring bounded latency. The novel idea of this paper is to present OMNET++ simulation-based complex multi-hop TSN network using the native VLAN concept to bring out a cost-effective model for inter-TSN and Intra-TSN domains. This paper investigates the performance of hybrid IEEE standards, ie.IEEE 802.1Qbu and IEEE 802.1Qbv standards. The simulation results show that the combination of these standards, when effectively scheduled in switches will reduce the latency by 3.3 µseconds in time-critical applications. Further, it is observed that in Best effort traffic, frame loss is also very less in the range of 2-5 frames out of 1385 frames. These results certainly will be of great value in more complex TSN deployments.