Maintenance Cost Analysis Research Articles

Relations of Imperfect Repairs to Critical Infrastructure Maintenance Costs

This article presents an analysis of maintenance costs and maintenance policy of critical infrastructure systems, considering the case of imperfect repair. The maintenance costs of the systems, considering a multistate approach and imperfect repairs, are analyzed with reference to the renewal stream and renewal process theory. Availability characteristics of repairable critical infrastructure systems with non-negligible renovation time, necessary for the cost analysis, are determined based on classical renewal theory. We assume that the system is renewed after exceeding its critical reliability state. The multistate approach proposed to availability analysis, including imperfect repairs, allows considering various configurations of the system’s renewals. The procedure for determining the total cost of maintenance up to certain point in time is proposed. Furthermore, the procedure comparing the costs of repair and operation of the system until a certain moment for different configurations of the number of repairs to various reliability states is put forward and its exemplary application is presented. Conducting perfect renewals of infrastructure to the state of entire availability seems to be the most profitable in the case study analyzed in the article. The exception is when imperfect repairs are much cheaper than perfect repairs (they are up to half of the perfect repair cost), or when costs of an infrastructure’s renewals are considered in the short period of its exploitation (up to one year). The summary provides a conclusion on maintenance policy based on the proposed procedure analysis and a comparison of maintenance costs for various configurations of perfect and imperfect repairs.

An Intelligent Algorithm of Operation and Maintenance Cost Based on BIM of the Utility Tunnel

Through analyzing the relationship among the utility tunnel components, disaster risks and cost and the importance of BIM technology to integrated component information, disaster risk information and cost information, a component-disaster-cost data model based on BIM technology is built to realize dynamic recording of operation and maintenance cost and structured storage of operation and maintenance cost data. Based on the cost data model, the data flow of operation and maintenance cost analysis is established, artificial intelligence algorithm is introduced, deep learning, data analysis iteration is carried out, decision-making is assisted, and the healthy development of intelligent pipe gallery construction is promoted.

Rüzgar Türbin Kulesi Alternatiflerinin Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri İle Değerlendirilmesi

One of the biggest natural energy sources in renewable energy is undoubtedly wind energy. Huge-sized wind turbine towers are used for wind energy. In some cases, tribune towers of 10 meters can be used to meet smaller needs. These towers can be composed of structures such as steel, hybrid and reinforced concrete. Within the scope of this study, three different types of wind turbine towers was selected using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (BAHS) method which is one of the multi-criteria decision making methods. In addition to the analysis of installation and maintenance costs, criteria such as recycling rates and economic life are taken into account in this study. According to these criteria, different most suitable wind turbine was analyzed with BAHS method and the most suitable tower type was selected. As a result of the study, the hybrid type tower came to the fore in terms of recycling, maintenance, operation and installation convenience, as well as displacement and stress values.

Research on power grid operation and maintenance cost based on analysis of internal and external influence factors

In the context of the company's cost-reduction reform, lean production operation and maintenance cost management as the goal, production and maintenance cost analysis as the carrier, the existing power grid production and maintenance business and financial accounting costs to achieve "industry-finance integration" as the goal of management projects. Under the strategic background of reducing cost and increasing benefit, the implementation of this project is of great significance to optimize the main part of the cost of the company to optimize the configuration of production cost, to control reasonably, to enhance management.

Analysis of Maintenance and Operation Costs of Power Transmission and Distribution Network by Technology Selection Model with Detailed of Household and Power Sectors

Analysis of Maintenance and Operation Costs of Power Transmission and Distribution Network by Technology Selection Model with Detailed of Household and Power Sectors

Towards sustainable commercial buildings: an analysis of operation and maintenance (O&M) costs in Sri Lanka

PurposeRising energy costs and increasing environmental concerns are catalysts for introducing sustainable design features in buildings. Incorporating sustainable design features in commercial buildings cannot be overstated because it could confer benefits to the investor (owners) and occupants. This study aims to develop a model that could aid in the prediction of operation and maintenance (O&M) costs from the knowledge of building-design variables. There is little evidence that design variables influence the O&M costs of buildings. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between design variables and O&M costs in commercial buildings with the intent of developing a cost model for estimating O&M costs at the early design phase.Design/methodology/approachThe study was approached quantitatively using a survey strategy. Data for the study were obtained from 30 randomly selected commercial buildings in the CBD in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Pareto's 80/20 rule, correlation and regression analysis were performed on the data to prove the statistical relationships between the buildings' O&M costs and their design variables.FindingsThe study found that 12 significant O&M costs elements contribute to about 82% of total O&M costs. Repairs and decoration had a strong correlation with building shape. Furthermore, the regression analysis found that O&M costs values were primarily dependent on the building size (the gross floor area and height of the buildings). The gross floor area and height handled over 73% of the variance in the O&M costs of commercial buildings in Sri Lanka.Originality/valueThese findings are a useful insight into the principles for design economies that could contribute to more sustainable commercial buildings.

Estymacja kosztów eksploatacyjnych rurociągu dla U-kształtnej funkcji intensywności uszkodzeń przy nieprecyzyjnym podejściu

In this paper, we discuss imprecise settings for an evaluation of the maintenance costs of a water distribution system (WDS). Moments of failures of pipes are modelled using a newly proposed three-piece convex hazard rate function (HRF) for which number of previous failures is taken into account, too. Both fuzzy sets and shadowed sets are used to model the impreciseness of important parameters of this HRF and the costs of maintenance services. Contrary to more classical and widely-used approaches to cost analysis (i.e. a constant yield or nominal value of money), a strictly stochastic process (i.e. the one-factor Vasicek model) of an interest rate is assumed in the analysis of maintenance costs. This approach models future behaviour of the interest rate (i.e. the future value of money) in a more realistic way. Respective algorithms together with exemplary results of numerical simulations for two setups, which are related to fuzzy and shadowed sets, are also provided.

Maintenance costs estimation for a mid-tier Shipyard

This document presents a detailed shipyard maintenance cost analysis. The first step was to gather information on some industries maintenance studies, to estimate the adequate maintenance budget for a medium size shipyard. A methodology to calculate the approximate maintenance budget is proposed, through a benchmarking of recommended maintenance costs.

Reliability of N-version programming software with testing effort

N-Version Programming (NVP) based software has become popular owing to its tolerance of design faults. In the present paper, we propose a Software Reliability Growth Model (SRGM) for NVP-based software systems along with detection and removal efficiency of the faults. When a software fault is detected during testing and debugging, debugging activities are executed to remove the fault. In this investigation, the influence of testing effort on the cost of the software development during testing phase is explored. The maintenance cost analysis is presented to determine the optimal testing time under cost and cost-reliability constraints. A numerical illustration is facilitated to perform the sensitivity analysis for the reliability indices of 3-VP system. We employ fuzzy interference system to use neuro-fuzzy technique which helps to examine the SRGM computationally by approximating the system parameters. Furthermore, comparative discussion on analytical results and approximate results is presented with the help of supervised learning process.

Analysis of aircraft maintenance processes and cost

Abstract The life cycle of an aircraft consists of design, production, operation and decommissioning phases. For an airline the main focus is on the maintenance process during the operation phase. This paper presents a case study of an airline facing a challenge of increasing maintenance cost. The objective is to understand factors that drive increase in cost. Maintenance cost, flight hours, flight cycles, dispatch reliability and pilot reports were analyzed to find out the maintenance cost drivers. The study identified that the aircraft which dominated the maintenance costs had the highest flight hours, and the lowest dispatch reliability in the fleet.

Maintenance Cost Index for Egyptian Hotels: An Exploratory Study

In the hotel industry maintenance is important despite of its complex processes as its effectiveness will directly affect the quality of hotel service and have direct effect on guests' impression of the hotel. in the same time, the costs of operating and maintaining the hotel engineering systems must be properly monitored and controlled in particular the in-house manpower, out-source contracts, energy consumption and equipment deterioration. There are limited literatures available regarding the hotel maintenance cost analysis, This is what urged the researcher to conduct this study which aims to develop a hotel maintenance cost index, to compare hotel maintenance costs and the distribution of this cost over the different maintenance approaches and in-house and out-sourced strategies among the three, four, and five-star hotels. The quantitative research methodology of the interview was conducted with hotel's chief engineer or maintenance supervisor in three, four, and five-star hotels in Egypt (via-phone interview). The study revealed an index benchmark number that could be used to compare maintenance operations cost in three, four, and five-star hotels which also could be used in planning hotels maintenance expenditures if we know the value of this expenditure in other hotel categories.

Reliability and opportunistic maintenance for a series system with multi-stage accelerated damage in shock environments

In this paper, a new shock model is proposed to fit the situation that the damage process of the component is accelerated with the increase of the degree of damage in shock environments. Shocks with the same magnitude may have more serious consequences as the component gets worse and component states are divided into different stages according to the degree of damage. Reliability indexes of a series system which consists of two components with the above characteristics are derived by using a Markov renewal process. Then, an opportunistic maintenance strategy is proposed for the system and an optimization model is constructed to obtain the optimal maintenance solutions. Finally, a numerical example for a two-rolling bearing system of a wind turbine is presented to illustrate the proposed shock model and maintenance strategy. Sensitivity analysis of maintenance costs is also discussed in order to improve the reliability of the proposed model. This study is of reference value and application significance for similar series systems.

The Correlation Analysis of Maintenance Costs to Sei Siulak Deras Irrigation Network Infrastructure Performance

Sei Siulak Deras Irrigation Area is one of the Irrigation Areas located in Kerinci Regency based on the decision of Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (PUPR) regulations No.12/PRT/M/2015 concerning criteria and estabishment of Irrigation Area status with an area of 5,801 Ha. The authority for operational and maintenance implementation is handled by the Dinas PUPR of Jambi Province ( RTRW of Jambi Province, 2013). The performance of the Sei Siulak Deras irrigation network infrastructure is inseparable from the available maintenance budget, for this reason, it is necessary to conduct a study that analyzes the relationship between routine maintenance costs for the performance of irrigation network infrastructure in the Sei Siulak Deras irrrigation area of Kerinci District, Jambi Province. In this study an examination of the existing conditions of irrigation networks involving 1 observer and 6 irrigation workers, the irrigation network inspection using the standards issued by the Operation and Maintenance Agency of the Dinas PUPR of Jambi Province. From the results of the correlation analysis the cost of routine maintenance on the performance of irrigation network infrastructure is 0.9, this indicates a strong relationship between the two variables. While the maintenance budget allocated by the government to the maintenance of irrigation network infrastructure is very lacking, amounting to IDR 806,081,000 from the budget for the maintenance of irrigation network infrastructure of IDR 3,580,984,372.57.

Probabilistic Maintenance Cost Analysis for Aged Multi-Family Housing

To realize sustainable construction, planning for future maintenance costs is essential. In the case of multi-family housing, various maintenance issues can be expected to appear starting 10 years after completion. Therefore, preventive maintenance must be implemented in a systematic manner to cope with the problems caused by the natural aging of multi-family dwellings and to maintain a sustainable level of quality for the properties. In this study, maintenance costs were investigated for 224 multi-family housing units aged 20 years or older in Seoul, South Korea. Using Monte Carlo simulation in conjunction with expert interviews, a probabilistic maintenance cost analysis was conducted to analyze and estimate the variability in maintenance costs. The findings of the study propose that the use of probabilistic maintenance cost analysis can be developed into a useful planning tool for determining reasonable future maintenance costs in sustainable construction.

Analysis of water supply system maintenance costs from the aspect of water quality

Abstract There is no current obligation in pipeline dimensioning practice to consider free residual chlorine (FRC) consumption. The only requirements are the hydraulic parameters defined by the ‘codes of practice’ and legal regulations. The objective of this paper is to give insight into the potential additional (hidden) costs that can arise when maintaining water supply systems, i.e., parts that, from the water quality aspect, can often be considered over-dimensioned. An algorithm is used to analyse FRC consumption that is implemented in EPANET 2.0 software. EPANET 2.0 is proven to be able to yield reliable descriptions of FRC consumption in parts of water supply systems. Here it is simplified for use in relation to a single pipeline as an example.

Research on the Engineer of Financial System Process in Power Enterprises Based on “Big Data” + “Cloud Computing”

Big data generation in power companies is particularly prominent in financial accounting, which is particularly prominent in financial accounting. According to the traditional financial accounting process and system, it is impossible to accurately analyze large amounts of financial data. In the era of big data and cloud computing, it provides very convenient conditions for the Engineer of financial processing processes of power companies. Through cloud computing technology, the characteristics of power big data are analyzed, and the decision-making process of traditional financial system is reconstructed, which highlights the application of big data and cloud computing in smart grid. Taking the operation and maintenance cost analysis of actual substation as an example, the use of big data ideas for objective analysis enables China’s power companies to seize this period and quickly complete the financial system process Engineer to adapt to the development of the times.

Process resilience analysis based data-driven maintenance optimization: Application to cooling tower operations

In a process plant system, safe and reliable operations are highly sensitive to utilities such as power, steam, cooling water, nitrogen, and instrument air. These play an important role or act as safety barriers. This is because a disturbance in their supply is likely to affect process operations downstream, may reduce the production efficiency, and may lead to a sudden shutdown or contribute to an unsafe condition. The focus of this paper is to introduce and evaluate a model for survival of a process system under upset conditions using the Process Resilience Analysis Framework (PRAF). Resilience metrics within a data-driven and model-based optimization approach using Bayesian regression are employed integrating both technical (process parameter variations) and social (human and organizational) factors. Based on an optimization objective function accounting for the overall system performance in terms of energy consumption, maintenance costs, safety impact, environmental impact, asset damage, and production loss, the proposed methodology aims to determine the optimal maintenance policy for optimal and safer plant operations. The implementation of the survival model within the PRAF is demonstrated on a cooling tower operation example problem, where optimal operation and maintenance (preventive, corrective, and predictive) strategies are determined based on trade-off analysis of process revenue, safety impact, and maintenance costs.

Optimization of fleet maintenance cost on the basis of Piła’s Public Transportation Company

The article concerns the costs related to maintaining the transport fleet of Piła’s Public Transportation Company. The first part describes the Company itself. The second part was based on the data provided in the article “Transportation fleet maintenance cost analysis on the example of Piła’s Public Transportation Company” and prepared a fleet cost optimization plan. It proposed the reduction of fuel purchase by organizing an on-site petrol station as well as replacement of buses generating the largest costs. The study also described the proposal of obtaining founds for purchase of new buses.

Life-cycle maintenance cost analysis framework considering time-dependent false and missed alarms for fault diagnosis

Fault diagnosis aims to diagnose system failures and to enable timely maintenance that, in turn, can minimize system maintenance costs. In order to evaluate and maximize the benefits from fault diagnosis, the life‐cycle maintenance cost should be analyzed. This paper presents a framework for life‐cycle maintenance cost analysis that considers time‐dependent false and missed alarms in fault diagnosis. First, time‐dependent false and missed alarms are proposed. The false and missed alarm rates are not static but vary depending on the health state of the engineered system, which changes over time. Second, a life‐cycle maintenance cost analysis framework is proposed. This is based upon a stochastic simulation method that can incorporate time‐dependent false and missed alarm rates and various uncertainties, such as health degradation and health restoration through maintenance. Third, a fault diagnosis model design method is proposed, based upon the proposed life‐cycle maintenance cost analysis framework. The proposed method incorporates optimal false and missed alarm weights into the life‐cycle maintenance cost. As a result, the proposed ideas enable accurate estimation and minimization of the overall life‐cycle maintenance cost. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated via a numerical example and an electro‐hydrostatic actuator case study.

Optimal imperfect maintenance cost analysis of a two-component system with failure interactions

This paper considers a two-component system with failure interactions. Component 1 is repairable and component 2 is non repairable and is subject to an increasing degradation. One considers two different shock models. In model 1, component 1 failure causes random gradual damages to component 2 and increases its degradation level. In model 2, component 1 failure may cause the failure of component 2 with a given probability while the failure of component 2 is catastrophic and induces the failure of the whole system. For each model, three maintenance policies are proposed. In each policy, component 1 undergoes imperfect corrective maintenance actions and component 2 is perfectly repaired. An explicit expression of the long run average maintenance cost is developed and the existence of the optimal policy is discussed. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed models.