Analysis Of Heavy Metal Content Research Articles

Correlation analysis of heavy metals content in bottom sediments of the shallow zone Sheksninskaya spur of the Rybinsk reservoir in the city of Cherepovets (Russia, Vologda oblast)

The paper presents the results on the content of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of shallow areas of the Sheksninsky spur and the correlation dependences on the content of heavy metals. Significant differences in the content of heavy metals on different banks of the Sheksninsky spur were found only for lead (p=0.042). The matrices of paired correlations were constructed, the analysis of which showed that a greater number of dependencies with heavy metals were found on the right bank. The sorption of mercury by organic matter plays a greater role than the sorption of other elements, the correlation is significant r=0.70. Single exceedances of maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of lead and copper in bottom sediments of the right bank were detected. Exceedances of element clarks determined for the earth crust were observed for lead, zinc, copper for bottom sediments of the right bank. A decreasing series of distribution of heavy metal concentrations in bottom sediments of the Sheksninsky spur was determined.

Analysis of heavy metal content in sewage sludge as an instrument of selecting new method of sustainable sewage sludge management

Analysis of heavy metal content in sewage sludge as an instrument of selecting new method of sustainable sewage sludge management

Heavy metal contents of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in splendid ponyfish Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829) meat in Banten Bay, Indonesia

Banten Bay is an area affected by industrial, shipping, and domestic activities. These have the potential to produce wastes in the form of heavy metals and can accumulate in the body of aquatic organisms such as the splendid ponyfish Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829). This study aimed to determine the accumulation of heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in splendid ponyfish Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829) meat in Banten Bay, Serang Regency, Banten Province. Sampling was carried out for three months, from August to October 2020. Analysis of heavy metal content was carried out using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The content of heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in splendid ponyfish meat were <0.030 mg/kg, <0.001 mg/kg, <0.005 mg/kg, and 0.224-0.437 mg/kg. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in small and big splendid ponyfish meat has a low accumulation rate. During the observation period, the heavy metal content of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in small and big splendid ponyfish meat was not significantly different.

Methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of Tragia involucrata L. leaves exhibit anxiolytic, sedative and analgesic activity in Swiss albino mice

IntroductionTragia involucrata L. have been utilized as traditional medicine in Indian subcontinent for the treatment of numerous illnesses such as inflammation, pain and skin infection. In this current study we sought to assess the anxiolytic, sedative and analgesic activity of Tragia involucrata L. leaves extract. Materials and methodsWe first performed a phytochemical screening test of the leaves extracts following standard phytochemical screening protocols. We next examined the anxiolytic and sedative activity of crude methanol (TIME), ethyl acetate (TIEAE) and n-Hexane (TIHE) extract of Tragia involucrata L. leaves using mouse behavioral models such as elevated plus-maze test and pentobarbital-induced sleeping time test, respectively. Likewise, we evaluated the analgesic activity using acetic acid induced writhing test and formalin induced paw licking test. Additionally, we performed a quantitative analysis of heavy metals content of Tragia involucrata L. leaves by overnight digestion in concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). ResultsPhytochemical screening demonstrated that TIME, TIEAE and TIHE contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids and sterols. Administration of these extracts resulted in higher number of open arm entry, lower number of close arm entry and higher time spent in open arm compared to control treatment (p < 0.05). Moreover, these treatments decreased the onset of sleep time and increased the duration of sleep compared to control treated mice (all p < 0.05). Likewise, extracts treated mice exhibited decreased number of writhing as well as lower acute phase and late phase duration compared to control treatment (all p < 0.05). The average level of As and Fe in Tragia involucrata L. leaves was 5.16 ± 0.012 ppm and 2.76 ± 0.015 ppm, respectively. ConclusionResults from this study support that Tragia involucrata L. leaves extracts exhibit an anxiolytic, sedative and analgesic activity in mice.

ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL ESTIMATION OF THE SPREADING OF TECHNOGENIC ELEMENTS IN THE TERRITORY OF KIVERTSIV NATIONAL NATURAL PARK "TSUMANSKA PUSHCHA"

Analysis of heavy metals content in the soils of the territory showed its heterogeneous distribution and dependence on available sources of technogenic impact. Geochemical accumulation coefficients were calculated and analyzed. The highest concentrations of manganese and chromium are in soils developed on forest deposits. The highest concentrations of nickel and copper are in soils developed on water-glacial deposits. Most of the studied heavy metals exceed the regional geochemical background. In terms of gross content in soils, trace elements form the following geochemical series: Zn&gt; Cu&gt; Pb&gt; Ni&gt; Mn&gt; Cr. Accumulation of lead in forest deposits up to 2-3 MPC was defined. Most heavy metals in the soil are nonuniformity distributed. High values of the variation coefficient (V) – more than 34 % – are typical for inhomogeneous set of data on the concentrations of all investigated heavy metals. The highest index of variation was defined for lead concentration and equal to 170%, the lowest values were obtained for chromium content and equal to 34 % and zinc – 36 %. In the investigated soils there are two types of micronutrient distribution: elements accumulation in organic horizons with concentration decrease in the lower part of the profile and distribution by sedentary – illuvial type. The first type is characterized by increasing distribution of the following elements Zn, Pb; the second one is characterized Co, Ni, Cu, Mn. The ecological and geochemical assessment of technogenic elements distribution of the NNP Tsumanska Pushcha territory is made on the basis of the comparison of technogenic geochemical specialization of different environments (water, soils, etc.). For assessing the role of landscape components in the general geochemical anomaly of the territory, it is proposed to create total ecological and geochemical estimations. It represents the total values of pollutant concentration coefficients in individual components. Further researchers should focus on the analysis of macronutrients and genetic types of soils; determination of the reference content of elements in geochemical landscapes for defining intensity migration and characteristics of elements distribution; conducting biogeochemical zoning.

The influence of soil microorganisms on heavy metal content in the substrate of waste rock dumps

The environmental effects of mining and its impact on natural resources are of a holistic nature. One of the modern methods employed for the remediation of technogenically disturbed soils is the application of microorganisms. This paper studies the impact made by soil microorganisms on the accumulation rate of heavy metals in the substrate of waste rock dumps in the process of soil reclamation. Suspensions of soil microorganisms (microorganisms utilising mineral nitrogen forms / MUMN; microorganisms decomposing silicates / MDS; microscopic fungi / MF) were applied to the rock dump surface. Separate groups as well as their combinations were applied. The heavy metal content analysis did not indicate a significant exceedance of the maximum allowable concentration limits (MACL) in the soil of the waste rock. The only metal whose content exceeded the maximum admissible concentration limits was nickel. It has found that the application of microorganisms influences the concentration of several heavy metals due to pH level changes of the rock dump soil.

Analysis of Heavy Metal Contents in Water Toke District Kalat Balochistan, Pakistan by Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Water is the most important element for the living organisms without water it would be impossible to maintain life on earth...

Analisis kadar logam Pb, Cd, Cu, As pada air, sedimen dan bivalvia di Pesisir Teluk Balikpapan

Analysis of Heavy Metal Content of Pb, Cd, Cu, As in Water, Sediments and Bivalves in Coastal Waters of Balikpapan Bay. The study aims to analyze the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, As) in water, sediment and Bivalvia and to determine the adsorption, bioconcentration factors in sediments and Bivalvia. This research is in the form of field survey and laboratory analysis, where the results are quantitative descriptive and analyzed statistically multivariate.The results of laboratory analysis showed that the levels of heavy metals in water ranged between (Pb 0.064-0.142 mg/L), (Cd 0.088-0.112 mg/L), (Cu 0.035-0.056 mg/L) and (As 0.022-0.026 mg/L). Sediment (Pb 2,555-2,616 mg/Kg), (Cd 2,433-2,609 mg/Kg), (Cu 1,289-1,553 mg/Kg), (As 0,329-0,496 mg/Kg) and Bivalvia (Pb 1,708-2,076 mg/Kg) ), (Cd 1.569-2.416 mg/Kg), (Cu 1.078-1.264 mg/Kg) and (As 0.297-0.449 mg/Kg). Heavy metal content of Pb, Cd, Cu and As in the sediment is greater than water or Bivalvia. The results of the statistical analysis partially showed that the levels of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu and As differed significantly between all study samples (water, sediment and Bivalvia). Whereas the observation stations (Kariangau industrial area, the village on the water and the PT. Pertamina area) did not differ significantly. The results of the analysis of adsorption and bioconcentration factors on the levels of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu and As in sediments (Pb 17.99-42.25), (Cd 22.75-28.67), (Cu 26.49-36.83 ) and (As 13.71-19.08). In Bivalvia (Pb 14.15-32.44), (Cd 14.00-26.55), (Cu 21.14-34.43) and As (13.50-29.88).

Analysis of heavy metal content in edible honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) from China and health risk assessment

Honeysuckle is a commonly used medicine for health care and treatment. To detect heavy metal pollution in honeysuckle from China and quantify the health risk of heavy metal via dietary intake, the Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Hg, Ni, Mn, Cu, and Zn contents in honeysuckle samples were determined by ICP-MS. The dissolution rate of heavy metals in honeysuckle was measured by decoction and soaking. The hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard index (HI) were used to evaluate the noncarcinogenic risk of nine heavy metals in honeysuckle, and the carcinogenic risks of Cd and As were evaluated using the carcinogen risk. Cd exhibited the maximum permissive limit standard-exceeding rate (40.2%) in honeysuckle, followed by Cu (37.6%) and Pb (8.5%). As and Hg did not exceed the standard values, and Cr, Ni, Mn, and Zn had no limits. In a decoction fluid after 30 min of boiling, the transfer rates of Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Mn, Cu, and Zn ranged from 11.9% to 19.9%, whereas that of Cr was low (1.0%). In a soaking fluid, the transfer rates ranged from 17.0% to 56.9%; no transfer rate was detected for Hg in neither the decoction fluid nor the soaking fluid. In addition, the 95th percentile Rs of As and Cd in honeysuckle were 5.93 × 10−6 and 8.12 × 10−5, respectively. The carcinogenic risk of Cd at 56.99th percentile reached the threshold set by the World Health Organization (1.0 × 10−5). The results showed that intake of Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Hg, Ni, Mn, Cu, and Zn by the human body through honeysuckle could not cause noncarcinogenic damage. The element As had no carcinogenic risk, but Cd had a carcinogenic risk to a certain extent.

Study of Physicochemical Characteristics of Kaolin from Belitung Regency

Kaolin is one of the abundant clay minerals on earth which has been widely used in various industries. kaolin as a raw material in drugs manufacturing must comply several requirements in Pharmacopoeia such as not exceeding the heavy metal content limits. In this study the analysis of heavy metal content (Pb, Sn, and As) was carried out on natural kaolin obtained from 3 different locations in Belitung regency. Testing of the brightness and particle size is also carried out to increase the value of kaolin as a pharmaceutical excipient. The highest recovery from kaolin was obtained in sample 3 which was 67.78%, while kaolin 1 and 2 which was 66.54, and 64.20%. Based on the results of heavy metal testing it is known that kaolin 1, 2, and 3 have a Pb content of 55.2, 0.0458 and 44.0 ppm, and As content of 1.05, 78.3, and 0.761 ppm. Whereas the Sn mean metal is only found in kaolin 2 which is 0.0034. White degree test results show that kaolin 1, 2 and 3 have a high brightness, namely 92.94%, 93.00%, 91.16%. From the results of particle size testing shows that all kaolin samples have size &lt;2 μm.Keywords: Characterization of Minerals, Heavy Metals, Kaolin

Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Soil Fertilised with Fresh and Granulated Digestate

Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Soil Fertilised with Fresh and Granulated Digestate

АККУМУЛЯЦИЯ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ ЗЕРНОБОБОВЫМИ КУЛЬТУРАМИ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ В ЛЕСОСТЕПИ ПОВОЛЖЬЯ

The aim of study is reduction of accumulation of heavy metals in agrocenosis of pulse crops due to the action of biologically active substances in the conditions of the middle Volga forest. An experiment study in order to reveal the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with biologically active substances on the accumulation of heavy metals by soils and plants in agrocenoses of peas and soybeans was conducted in 2013-2015. The results of pre – sowing treatment of soybean seeds of the Samer 3 breed and peas of the Flagman 12 with the Rizotorfin and Rizotorfin in combination with analogues – Agrica and Humariz biologically active substance are presented. The analysis of heavy metals content in soil and plant samples was performed in the laboratory of the «Samara agrochemical ser-vice» Station by method of atomic adsorption spectroscopy. It is established that the introduction of biologically ac-tive substances into the soil containing heavy metals can reduce the concentration of their mobile forms and restrict access to grain. The content of mobile forms of elements in the soil under soybean growing areas, in comparison with the control, decreases: lead by 1.14 times when treated with Rhizotorphin+Humariz, cadmium – 1.18 times when treated with Rhizotorphin, copper – 1.2 times and cobalt – 2.0 times under the influence of the combination of Rhizotorphin and Agrica. According to the coefficients of biological absorption of pea and soy grains, the studied heavy metals are referred to the elements of biological capture of CАB&lt;1. An effective inactivating effect on heavy metals is provided by pre-sowing treatment of pea and soy seeds with biologically active substances combined with Rhizotorphin+Agrica and Rhizotorphin+Humariz.

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT ABU BATUBARA PLTU BANGKO BARAT KAB. MUARA ENIM SUMATERA SELATAN

Coal combustion product (CCP) from Bangko Barat Power Plant is used as landfill material in acidic overburden layers. CCP is categorized as hazardous and toxic waste (PP No.101/2014) from specific sources and is known to contain heavy metals. This study aims to analyze the heavy metal content of coal combustion product from Bangko Barat Power Plant, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province. Heavy metal content of CCP includes Hg, Cd, Cu, Ag, Ni, Pb, As, Cr, Sn, Zn dan Mn. Heavy metal content analysis to ensure overburden piling by utilizing CCP, either with a long-term safe coating or mixing scheme. The analysis was carried out by using ICP-MS test, XRF test, XRD test, analysis of grain size and grain morphology. Samples of fly ash and bottom ash were categorized as non- hazardous and toxic waste based on the results of the ICP-MS test compared to the values of TK-A, TK-B and TK-C. Heavy metal content that needs attention from coal ash is As (4.4-20 ppm), Cr (26-43 ppm), Cu (30.7-42.6 ppm), Pb (22,2-29,3 ppm), Zn (77.5-128 ppm), Ni (10,6-24,8 ppm) and Mn (144-396 ppm). The content of other heavy metals is relatively low (Hg, Cd, Ag and Sn) and the threshold is not exceeded. Monitoring the quality of runoff water from landfill area using CCP to be controlled so that the heavy metal content does not endanger the health of living things.

Pollution Intensity Assessment of Sediments Obtained Near Ieodo Ocean Research Station Using Pollution Index for Heavy Metals

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the heavy metal contamination level by analyzing heavy metals in sediments near Ieodo ocean research station located in southwestern Jeju Island. Methods:Sixteen sediments samples were collected from Ieodo ocean research station, and two and three sediment samples were collected from the southwestern region and between Ieodo and Jeju Island. These samples were used for heavy metal content analysis according to the marine pollution process test method, and contamination level of sediments was calculated using the measured heavy metal concentration. Results and Discussion:All heavy metals except Ni were evaluated as non-contamination level, and Ni was found to have high pollution level. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency guideline, samples 6, 9, 15, and 22 were classified as severe contamination, and according to the geoaccumulation index, samples 15 and 22 were classified as slightly contaminated for Ni. When classified by the Enrichment factor value, Ni contamination was categorized as moderately severe enrichment for samples 15 and 22. Using the potential ecological risk factor value, the ecological risks of the heavy metals in all samples were classified as low risk. The mean PEL quotient value for all six heavy metals in samples was a maximum of 0.60, indicating a 21% probability of toxicity for heavy metals in all samples.Conclusions:It was confirmed that there was no contamination by Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn, but contamination by Ni was found to be a serious level. Compared with previous studies, the concentration of Ni in the Ieodo was found to be high, which may be due to the inflow of ocean research station or the Yangzu river runoff in China.

JAPANESE KNOTWEED (REYNOUTRIA JAPONICA) AS A PHYTOREMEDIATOR OF HEAVY METALS

Recently, plant remediation techniques - phytoremediation - have been developed. Japanese Knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), is an invasive species with negative impacts on the environment and the economy. In order to assess the tolerance of highly invasive weeds to heavy metals, an experiment was conducted in which this plant was grown in control soil and in soils contaminated with different concentrations of Pb, Cd. The content of heavy metals in the soil did not eliminate the ability of Reynoutria japonica roots to regenerate. In soil contaminated with any concentration of Pb, the shoots of this plant grew at a similar rate as the control plants, and had the same morphological characteristics. Higher concentrations of cadmium and lead Cd (100, 200 mgkg-1), Pb (2000 mgkg-1) have extended rhizome regeneration compared to control plants. In soils contaminated with lower concentrations of Cd or Pb shoots grew at a similar rate as control plants. Chemical analysis of heavy metal content showed that this weed accumulated large amounts of metals when grown in soil contaminated with heavy metals A relatively high intake of Cd, aboveground plants. At a cadmium concentration of 100 mg kg-1, more than 537 times the amount of cadmium accumulated in the aboveground part of the plant, as opposed to that in control. The ability of Japanese Knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), to regenerate from parts of the rhizome, to grow and develop under stressful conditions in the presence of heavy metals indicates a high tolerance to heavy metals. Key words: Japanese Knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), phytoremediation, heavy metal accumulation

Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Fried Foods Wrapped in Black Plastic as a Fried Food Wrap

Fried foods or weci are also called Ote-ote. Ote-ote is a type of fried food which is usually more wrapped in black plastic, where the plastic contains the presence of heavy metal Pb. So this study aims to analyze the effect of heavy metal content (Pb) using new cooking oil and used cooking oil on fried food processing with a hot temperature of 80 0C, moderate temperature of 45 0C, and cold temperature of 25 0C with a 10 minute wrapping time. This study uses a Randomized Block Design (RBD) method, the sampling technique is carried out by Random Sampling with a sample of 30 consisting of fried foods and oil. Data analysis techniques used the Two Factorial Anova test and Duncan's Test. Independent variables examined include cooking oil and wrapping methods with a hot temperature of 80 ° C, medium temperature of 45 ° C, and cold temperatures of 25 ° C with a packing time of 10 minutes. The results of the research in the Laboratory showed that the heavy metal content of Pb in fried foods wrapped in the highest black plastic with a hot temperature of 80 0C was an average of 0.881 ppm, while the lowest in the average control was 0.294 ppm in the treatment of used oil. In the new oil treatment, the highest metal content of Pb weight was 0.428 ppm, while the lowest in the control was 0.173 ppm. From the results of the Two Factorial Anova test that the interaction between oil and wrapping temperature there is an influence on Pb levels in fried foods with a significant value of &lt;0.05, this means that there are interactions in all types of fried food treatment.&#x0D; Fried foods that experience Pb contamination cause food to not meet the requirements, this is because the wrapping process uses black plastic with different temperature treatments, where the more hot fried food is packaged, the more Pb content in fried foods, when food enters the body through blood flow will inhibit the cell's metabolic system, one of which is inhibiting Hb synthesis in the bone marrow which results in poor cognitive development, a weakened immune system accompanied by symptoms of autism and even death

Optimization and analysis of some oxinate metal complex system as introduction test for HPLC analysis

Heavy metals are metals that have a mass of more than 5 g / cm3 in the lower right corner of the periodic system. Heavy metals rarely form atoms themselves in water, but are usually bound by other compounds to form molecules. Heavy metal is a chemical compound that has the potential to cause environmental pollution problems. Methods of heavy metal content analysis in the aquatic environment developed simultaneously are still being developed. The simultaneous analysis provides an advantage in terms of time and cost efficiency. In this study is being developed heavy metal analysis based on the formation of complexes with oxin compounds. It is known that the oxide can form a yellow complex with several metal ions. The use of oxine as a complex is selected based on the color and pH of the complexes formed. By performing optimization and analysis of the complex system formed it is expected to produce an excellent method for the analysis of several heavy metals simultaneously using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Conventional and Herbal Toothpastes Available at Maltese Pharmacies

Although toothpastes are considered as topical cosmetics that are not normally ingested, it is evident that they may contribute to the introduction of heavy metals and xenobiotics through buccal and gastrointestinal absorption. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential presence of metals and polyphenols in conventional, children’s and herbal toothpastes. Metal analysis was conducted by using the Microwave Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer and the total polyphenolic content was determined by using the Folin–Ciocalteu test. Results showed that cadmium and mercury were absent in all toothpastes while zinc and tin exhibited high values. This was because the latter two metals are incorporated as part of the ingredients. In the case of polyphenols, the highest value was obtained in one of the samples from the children’s toothpaste category while the lowest value was obtained from the conventional toothpaste category. Lead and nickel were two other metals that fell outside the limits for EU and US standards. Most of these limits are usually applicable to topical cosmetic products or food products. However, these may not adequately cover oral hygiene products, such as toothpastes.

Evaluation of the influence of slag heaps on the state of the urban residential area

The paper is concerned with the analysis of heavy metal content in soils depending on the distance from the considered source of pollution of Magnitogorsk and its suburbs. It was found that the main investigated heavy metals polluting soils are zinc, lead and copper. The main objective of this research work is to carry out the analysis of heavy metal content dynamics in soil from 2014 to 2017 taking into account environmental protection measures taken within the frame of the environmental program of the PJSC MMK. The slagheap of the III order located in the North of the city on the left-bank valley side of the river Ural was considered as the source of pollution. The research group calculated the following characteristic values: the total pollution index of soils and the ecotoxicological index of chemical pollution of soils with pollutants of different classes of hazard.

Extraction of Sodium Alginate from Sargassum sp. using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE)

The method used in alginate extraction has been using conventional heating. Lately, Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) has been widely used to extract active compounds from natural ingredients. This study aims to extract sodium alginate from Sargassum sp. using MAE method. This research was conducted by determining the optimum power level and extraction time using a commercial microwave. Power level optimization is carried out at level 70; 80; 90 and 100, while extraction time is carried out for 15; 16; 17 and 18 minutes. The results showed that sodium alginate products were obtained at levels 70, 80, 90 and 100, respectively 0.5%; 37.13%; 23.36% and 1.2%. While sodium alginate products are obtained at variations in extraction time for 15; 16; 17 and 18 minutes were obtained respectively 27.4%; 37.13%; 26.1% and 25.76%. The characterization of sodium alginate products was carried out by analysis of water content, ash content, brightness, and viscosity in the sequence obtained by 14.43%; 14.63%; 78.62 and 95.00 cps. The results of the analysis of heavy metal content obtained that the product of sodium alginate extracted did not contain metal Pb and Hg. FTIR spectra results showed the presence of hydroxyl (-OH) functional groups at wave numbers 3448.7 cm -1 and 1620.21 cm -1 ; C-H bond at 2931.8 cm -1 ; alkene group at 2337.7 cm -1 ; sodium (Na) bond at 1419.61 cm -1 ; carbonyl group at 1095.57 cm -1 and carboxylic and ketone groups at 1033.85 cm -1 . Based on the results of the characterization proving that the product obtained is a sodium alginate compound.