Analysis Of Textbooks Research Articles

Analysis of Presupposition in English Teaching Materials at SMAN 4 Palu

This study aims to analyze the types of presuppositions in English teaching materials at SMAN 4 Palu. The method used in this research is discourse analysis of the English textbooks used in the eleventh grade, focusing on identifying examples of existential, factual, and structural presuppositions. Data were collected through critical discourse analysis techniques and interviews. The results of the analysis show that the teaching material at SMAN 4 Palu contains various types of presuppositions that can influence students' understanding. Existential presuppositions, such as "The President of the United States," assume knowledge about a particular entity, whereas factual presuppositions, such as "John stopped smoking," assume the truth of information that students may not know. Structural presuppositions, for example, the use of the word "again" in "He came back again," involve hidden assumptions that require contextual background for proper understanding. Findings show that teaching materials often contain presuppositions that are not relevant to students' local contexts, such as the use of examples from Western culture that students may be unfamiliar with. Therefore, adapting teaching materials to local contexts is very necessary. This research recommends the involvement of Palu regional teachers and education experts in curriculum development and the adaptation of teaching materials to make them more relevant to students' daily lives. By integrating local culture into teaching, students' understanding of texts can increase significantly, enhancing learning effectiveness and supporting the achievement of optimal learning outcomes.

Analysis of mathematics textbook of Indonesian curriculum based on functional thinking framework

Functional thinking (FT) is individual’s cognitive process to identify the relation between variables and is essential for students to learn algebra. However, not much studies addressing the examination of the contents of FT problems within school mathematics textbooks, particularly in Indonesian curriculum. This study aims to describe the mathematics problems presented in junior high school mathematics textbooks of the new Indonesian curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka) based on the FT framework. To reach this aim, the student mathematics textbook published by The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kemdikbud) in 2022 was used to conduct the analysis. The textbooks used were seventh and eighth-grade mathematics textbooks. The data was collected by observing the textbook's contents in the algebra domain. The analysis was based on the framework of FT consisting of recursive patterns, covariance, and correspondence. The results show that the FT tasks appear in the learning of algebraic terms, modelling with algebra, and linear functions. Moreover, this study also found that tasks in each topic develop students’ FT at different stages. Tasks in algebraic terms fulfill all FT’s stages in hierarchical order, tasks in modelling with algebra focus on the correspondence stage, and tasks in linear functions include all FT stages but not in chronological order; that is, recursive patterns, correspondence, and then covariation. In conclusion, this study finds that algebraic problems provided by Indonesian textbooks already support students’ FT. Thus, designing more FT tasks and connecting each task to different algebra topics might help students develop their FT.

Gender Stereotypes and Bias in Imagery Depiction of Textbooks prescribed by West Bengal Board of Primary Education, India

India is a diverse country. Ethnic, Linguistic, Racial, Gender, and Socio-Religious, etc. diversity is observed in India. Educational institutions play a vital role in socializing children and creating gender-friendly attitudes. Textbooks serve as a vehicle for social change. From childhood in school through textbooks and classroom experiences students embrace gender socialization, societal norms, and beliefs, gender roles, inequality, and bias. So, it is very important to make textbooks gender-neutral, to do this, textbook analysis is required. This study investigates the images used in textbooks of primary education in West Bengal, India, to examine gender stereotypes and bias. The study adopted qualitative and documentary research approaches through content analysis. The findings demonstrate that gender patriarchy and bias are reflected through visual imagery in textbooks. Images often lack representation of women and tend to portray them engaging in indoor tasks such as domestic and household work, or menial labor. Meanwhile, men are predominantly shown in outdoor, professional, and leadership roles, reinforcing gender disparities in identity and societal roles. There is a limited attempt to showcase gender neutrality, and there's minimal encouragement for gender reflection, hindering the development of sustainable perceptions of gender roles in Indian society. The findings of the study provide a foundation for policy changes at the state or national level to ensure the development and implementation of guidelines that promote gender-neutral content in educational materials and are useful for textbook development agencies, textbook writers, and teachers in developing a gender-sensitive curriculum, and textbooks.

Artistic mutilation of genitalia: an interpretive analysis of representations of genitalia in Indian school science textbooks

ABSTRACT Visual representations (and their censorship) are carriers of messages and are powerful tools to invoke discourses. Visuals are not just supplements to written text; rather, these can be read independently as the primary text and are crucial to scientific communication, particularly in life sciences. This paper aims to investigate various textbook depictions of genitalia and examine how ideologies are manifested through visuals in relation to the human body. Here we try to unpack the visual representations of genitalia in different discursive spaces within Indian science textbooks from 6th to 12th grade. We position our study within the hermeneutic methodological landscape and apply the socio-semiotic analytic framework developed by Serafini [Serafini, Frank. 2010. “Reading Multimodal Texts: Perceptual, Structural and Ideological Perspectives.” Children's Literature in Education 41 (2): 85–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-010-9100-5], consisting of three analytic perspectives: perceptual, structural, and ideological, to interpret the visual images of genitalia and the ideological matrix that produced these images. Our analysis of textbooks' portrayal reveals a tendency to censor or obscure genital depictions. The paper discusses the potential effects of these representations on students' health and relationships with their bodies and argues that they must engage in dialogue with discourses challenging normative understandings of the body and remain open to change.

(Dis)connection between curriculum, pedagogy and learners’ lived experience in Nepal’s secondary schools: an environmental (in)justice perspective

This paper offers a novel analysis of how Nepal is delivering its commitment to secondary education provision that is advancing environmental sustainability, tracing a trajectory that begins with national policies relating to environmental sustainability and incorporating the national curriculum framework, textbooks, pedagogies used in classrooms, and learner experiences and anticipated actions. We consider Nepal’s education about and for environmental sustainability in the context of theories of environmental justice, and question if and how secondary provision might promote the behavioural change that Nepal recognises is vital for environmental sustainability. Qualitative data were generated through policy analysis, critical content analysis of secondary-level curriculum and textbooks, classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with 15 teachers and 4 headteachers, and a range of in-person activities with 24 students in purposively selected four community secondary schools in the three diverse locations across Nepal. The results illuminate pronounced disconnections across modalities that indicate incoherence and unresolved debates in the underlying narrative of what environmental sustainability is and the role of education in addressing it. Our findings suggest that learners’ ideas, opinions, thinking and experiences should be encouraged and celebrated in the classroom to aid learners in translating conceptual learning into practical, sustainable behaviours, as well as to contribute to environmental justice. The findings appeal to the concerned stakeholders for their consideration of future policy and programme development that promotes environmental justice through education and establishes a connection between classroom learning and students’ lived experiences through a participatory approach, collaboration, and critical and creative thinking.

Analysis of the Arabic Language Textbook for Junior High School from the Perspective of the Education, Standards, Curiculum, and Assesment Agency (BSKAP)

Many textbooks available in the market require educators to be selective when choosing and using them as sources of knowledge to support learning. A high-quality textbook should align with the developmental and growth stages of students to achieve national educational goals. This study aims to evaluate and develop Arabic language textbooks based on BSKAP qualifications. The research employs a qualitative-evaluative approach, specifically a library research study with content analysis. For data analysis, Krippendorf's model is used, and the validity of the data is ensured by cross-checking the findings. The study's results highlight four aspects of textbook feasibility established by BSKAP: content/material feasibility, presentation feasibility, language feasibility, and design/graphic feasibility. Some indicators within each aspect require revisions, additional materials, and innovations from the authors of the Arabic textbooks under KMA 183 and the Arabic language educators who are implementing the independent curriculum.

Language Analysis of Science and Technology Textbook in Nepal: A Semiotic Perspective

This article has analyzed the semiotic aspects of grade 10 Science and Technology subjects’ textbook implemented in Nepal. The main objective of this study was to explore the kind of figures, pictures, symbols, graphs and other signs used in science textbook. It examined how the figures and signs used in the book effect on science learning. It has been carried out in a qualitative design because it is developed on critical logic and argumentative analysis. Theoretically, this work believes on Peirce’s semiotics. Figures, pictures, symbols, graphs and other kind of signs used in this subjects’ textbook act as data in this study. The meaning-making process includes qualitative and critical analysis. It combines signs from several contexts, meaning, abbreviation including the verbal semantics of speech, and the operational system. And, its result was summarized in overall synopsis of content related aspect and pedagogical techniques and practices correspondence with relevancy and misconception. The result show that the use of visual materials, such as graphs, symbol, pictures, figure, etc. in science textbooks can serve as semiotic signs that induce argumentative reasoning and contribute to the structure of scientific arguments in science classroom. It provides good insights into the representation of multiple mode of representation, scientific influences, and the use of visual materials to enhance scientific literacy however it needs to uplift.

Equipped for responsibility? Discursive resources in business education for sustainability – an analytical tool

To transform society in a more sustainable direction we not only need specific knowledge, skills and attitudes, but also discursive resources that enable the seeing of alternative ways of living. This paper analyses such discursive resources as used in educational practice, and presents an analytical tool to facilitate further environment and sustainability education research. The identification of discursive resources is facilitated by the concept ‘companion-meanings’ referring to implicit meanings that ‘accompany’ or ‘follow’ teaching and learning in a particular subject. Results from four studies (based on discourse analysis of textbooks, teacher interviews and teacher-student interactions in classroom practice of business education) about the expectations of a ‘responsible business person’ are analysed resulting in three categories of companion-meanings relating to expectations of a business person: ‘adapting to’, ‘adding’ and ‘creating’ ethical values. In a second step, these categories of companion meanings are analysed using a typology of responsibility. The results illuminate the diverging and often contradictory companion-meanings of a ‘good’ business professional in educational practice and discuss the implications for how business students are equipped to address sustainability issues. Lastly, an analytical tool for identifying these companion-meanings in educational practice is presented.

Content Analysis of Textbooks via Natural Language Processing

Purpose: Advanced methods from the field of data science have the potential to shed fresh light on basic concerns in the field of educational research. Natural language processing tools, such as lexicons, word embeddings, and topic models, are used in 15 United States history textbooks that were extensively used in Texas between the years 2015 and 2017. Material and Methods: This study aims to analyze these textbooks for their portrayal of historically oppressed populations. Latinx individuals are rarely mentioned, but renowned white men are almost always mentioned. People of African descent are characterized as behaving in ways that imply helplessness and lack of control, according to lexical methods. Women are most often addressed in the contexts of the home and the workplace, according to the word embeddings. Issues of a political rather than a social nature are highlighted by subject modeling. Findings: We also found that textbooks with a smaller representation of women and people of African heritage are more often purchased by conservative nations. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Our computational toolkit has a rich history of textbook analysis and has recently been distributed as part of our efforts to support new fields of study.

An Analysis of Textbook “ When English Rings a Bell” for Junior High School Grade Eight

An Analysis of Textbook “ When English Rings a Bell” for Junior High School Grade Eight

Feasibility Analysis of State High School Economics Textbooks in North Hulu Sungai District, South Kalimantan

Feasibility Analysis of State High School Economics Textbooks in North Hulu Sungai District, South Kalimantan

Some conceptual and legal questions of data gathering in criminal cases

Aim: The purpose of this study is to present some general questions and problems of data gethering in criminal cases in aspect of criminal procedure law and forensic sciences. Methodology: Presentation, analysis, evaulation and drawing conclusions of legal rules, studies, papers, and textbooks in the subject area, both in Hungarian and Anglo-Saxon literature. Findings: Data gathering is a well-known method in both forensic sciences and criminal procedure law. However its meaning is different in these two fields of criminal sciences. Before the current code of criminal procedure in Hungary the meaning and content of data-gathering was similar in forensic science and in legal rules. But the new code has integrated the instruments of crime detection purposed secret information-gathering appliapble before the starting of investigation, and made them criminal procedural instruments under the name of covert instruments. Besides that the new code significantly changed the system and legal rules of „open” data-gathering methods. Nowdays some data-gathering methods only aply as covert instruments with all its strict conditions, consequences and formal rules. In my study first I try to withdraw the conceptual borders of data-gathering and outlines some historical backgrounds. After it I explain the conception and content of data gathering in criminalistic literature, then I examine the rules of data gathering in criminal procedure law. In the end of my paper I summarize the problems of this conceptual dualism. Value: The (open) data gathering in criminal cases as a subject has not been examined recently, so this study can draw attention on the problems of the latest legal regulation and the extension and modernization of criminalistic recomendations.

Factors influencing instructional practices of grade-12 mathematics teachers in Tigray: Lessons from content analysis and socio-economic perspectives of teachers

Content analysis is a research tool used to determine the presence of certain words, themes, or concepts within, for example, textbooks. Mathematics textbooks have significant impact on students’ learning due to their role during the instructional processes. Both quantitative and qualitative data from primary and secondary sources were employed using content analysis of grade-12 Mathematics textbook and responses 23 teachers from schools of three randomly selected zones out of seven. The objective is to identify strengths and/or weaknesses of the textbook and challenges affecting teachers’ instructional practices thereby recommending corrective measures to be taken by stakeholders and policy makers. The nine units/sub-topics of the textbook have been analyzed in terms of coverage, vertical-horizontal relationships, integration, continuity, sequence and the application of higher-level cognitive objectives. Results from responses to closed-and open-ended questions revealed that major problems to the instructional practices include low interest of students (Mean = 4.22, SD = 1.06) resulting in high rate of migration, bulky content (Mean = 4.0, SD = 1.14), lack of support from parents (Mean = 3.78, SD = 0.98), Shortage of time/period allotment (Mean = 3.65, SD = 1.05), and insufficient training (Mean = 3.35, SD = 1.05). The identified themes/patterns are narrated, sequenced and interpreted using different perspectives. Findings indicated that there are no conceptual problems throughout, but there are weaknesses on the textbook such as problem of horizontal articulation with other subjects like Physics. There is a need of addressing the imbalance on the cognitive objectives and teachers focus on lecturing to cover the voluminous content. This requires due attention through the participatory approach model (PAM), including awareness creation to reduce migration and providing continuous short-term trainings for teachers as per set national and/or international standard at all levels to improve the quality of education.

Peran Gembala Dalam Membentuk Karakter Spiritualitas Remaja Kristen

The spiritual character of Christian adolescents is crucial to develop in today's context. Many incidents indicate that Christian teenagers often neglect their spiritual character; nearly 60% of them do not participate in worship, which hinders their spiritual development. This research aims to provide solutions for pastors in shaping the spiritual character of Christian adolescents. The study employs a qualitative research method involving analysis of textbooks, articles, and other sources. The significant role of pastors in shaping the spiritual character of today's Christian youth is emphasized. The findings and discussions underscore that pastors, in fostering spiritual character among Christian adolescents, should embody divine attributes such as love, patience, justice, and strength. This approach ensures effective and proper character formation.

Critical textbook analysis in Spanish language teaching: identifying neoliberal content

ABSTRACT This article illustrates how neoliberalism has penetrated language teaching (materials) in a very profound manner. In addition, it issues something of a call to language teachers and students to become aware of the ideological nature of the materials that mediate their activity. The article contributes to a growing field of research on the links between the content and activities of language teaching materials and the economic, political, social, cultural and historical context from which they arise. It begins with a discussion of the current dominant form of global capitalism, neoliberalism, and what it entails in terms of policies, practices and ways of being in the world. It then moves to a review of previous publications on how neoliberalism has a direct impact on the content and activities contained in commercial language teaching materials. Next, it critically analyses a textbook for adults currently used by Spanish language teachers worldwide. It ends with the two observations, one pessimistic and one more positive: while critical studies on neoliberalism and language textbooks over the last decade have had little or no influence on language teaching materials, there is hope that teachers and students might engage in the kind of critical analysis of said materials outlined in this paper.

Constructing Research Preferences by Prospective Indonesian EFL Teachers

Several studies have discussed the features and characteristics of research on English language teaching in Indonesia by both lecturers and students. However, there is very little research that discusses topics, research methods, designs, and reasons for choosing topics, as well as the efforts to improve the quality of research conducted by prospective EFL teachers in the Indonesian context. The study aims to identify, assess, and characterize the research conducted by prospective Indonesian EFL teachers. The study used mixed research methods utilizing 477 research works as the objects of study, while the research participants were 67 prospective Indonesian EFL teachers and 5 heads of the English education program. The results showed that students' selected research topics were the process of learning English at the secondary school level and that their preferred methodologies were quantitative research, qualitative research, and classroom action research (mixed methods). The most popular topics in English language learning research were methods for learning, classroom action research, textbook analysis, media for learning English, and viewpoints on English teaching concerns. The reasons for choosing certain research topics and methods were dominated by issues of ease of research completion. The results contribute as a basis for future research to select variables, designs, issues, or study subjects to explore as well as for directing and defining the themes and research topics in the English Education study program.

나눗셈 도입 단원의 곱셈과 나눗셈의 관계 지도 내용 분석

Multiplication and division can cancel each other's calculation results, and they are in the relationsheep of inverse operations. Division is mathematically defined based on multiplication. This means that division assumes a multiplication structure. It is also possible to explain the inverse operation relationship between multiplication and division in the way that division utilizes the multiplication structure. In particular, when expressed as a multiplicative expression, division corresponds to the problem of finding the number to be multiplied or multiplied with a given product. This is the opposite of the calculation direction of multiplication, and the number to be found can vary depending on the context of division. Based on the analysis of the inverse operation relationship between multiplication and division, the division introduction unit of 11 elementary school textbooks were analyzed. Korea's elementary school mathematics textbooks teach division and division calculation methods based on the context of the inverse operation relationship between multiplication, and the contexs of division. As a result of the textbook analysis, it was found that the textbooks taught the relationship between multiplication and division as the quotient of division could be obtained using the related multiplication formula, and the number to divide the related multiplication formula was fixed as the number to be multiplied. Accordingly, the position of the quotient is at the multiplier in the multiplication expression, and this means that the context of the division is measurement division. As a result of adhering to this division quotient calculation method, problems arise when Korean elementary school mathematics textbooks explain the division calculation process in the context of the equal division system using multiplication formulas, and there are cases where the division quotient calculation method is inappropriate for the multiplication structure. Based on the textbook analysis results, some ideas were proposed to improve the teaching of the relationship between multiplication and division, and division.

MEMPELAJARI BENCANA ALAM MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI SD KELAS 1 TEMA 8 SUBTEMA 4 KURIKULUM 2013

The Ring of Fire that traverses Indonesia makes it a region vulnerable to earthquakes. Not only are Indonesia’s characteristic earthquakes a concern, but being an archipelagic nation also renders it susceptible to tsunamis. This article explores how Science Learning can provide a deeper understanding of natural disasters. Additionally, the research method employed—qualitative descriptive approach—is discussed, along with an analysis of the student textbook for Grade 1, Theme 8, titled “Natural Disasters.” The challenges faced by teachers in explaining this material are also addressed, including how they can create a dynamic learning environment, provide additional learning resources, and emphasize the importance of understanding natural disasters.

교육과정 시기 및 학술지별 가정과교육과정 연구의 동향

This study examined the trends in home economics education research across different curriculum periods and journals. A total of 374 papers related to the 2009, 2015, and 2022 revised curricula were selected and analyzed using network analysis from four journals. First, research trends were analyzed by curriculum period. Keyword frequency analysis revealed that articles on the 2009 and 2015 revised curricula primarily focused on analyzing the curriculum to develop textbooks or programs. In contrast, papers on the 2022 revised curriculum explored broader directions. Topic modeling results highlighted the prominent topics for each period: ‘environmental education’ in the 2009 revised curriculum, ‘safety and health education’ in the 2015 revised curriculum, and ‘ecological transition’ in the 2022 revised curriculum. Second, research trends were analyzed by journal. Keyword frequency analysis by journal exposed specific research tendencies. For example, in the Journal of Home Economics Research, ‘perceptions of practical classes’ and ‘analysis of safety textbooks’ were major topics for the 2009 revised curriculum, while ‘teaching and learning plans for competence development’ dominated research on the 2015 revised curriculum. This study demonstrates that the concepts and goals emphasized in curriculum revisions are reflected in the corresponding research.

Feasibility Analysis of Geography Textbooks for Class X Semester 2 Hydrosphere Material

Feasibility Analysis of Geography Textbooks for Class X Semester 2 Hydrosphere Material