Analysis Of Structural Systems Research Articles

An improved sequential importance sampling method for structural reliability analysis of high dimensional problems

Reliability analysis for rare events has proven to be a significant challenge, particularly in non-linear and complex scenarios. Despite the effectiveness of Sequential Importance Sampling (SIS) and Subset Simulation (SUS) in addressing high-dimensional small failure probability problems, the computational burden associated with mechanical simulations for complex structures remains substantial. To address this issue, this paper introduces a novel approach referred to as SIS and Kriging Metamodel Integration (SISAK), designed for computing small failure probabilities in high dimensions. This method involves generating a small number of samples from the original distribution to construct an adaptive metamodel, which is then iteratively optimized using a series of intermediate distributions introduced by SIS. By substituting the function for intermediate distributions with a continuously optimized metamodel, the enhanced approach significantly reduces the computational load associated with mechanical model evaluations compared to the direct use of SIS. This approach does not depend on determining the most probable failure point and does not require consideration of the failure domain shape. Additionally, it inherits the advantages of SIS in addressing high-dimensional small failure probabilities, making it well-suited for structural reliability analysis of nonlinear systems, discontinuous failure domains, cascading functions, and high-dimensional problems.

Improved State-Space Approach Based on Lumped Mass Matrix for Transient Analysis of Large-Scale Locally Nonlinear Structures

Due to the assumption of acceleration variation in traditional step-by-step integration methods such as Newmark, sufficiently small time steps are required to ensure numerical stability and accuracy in dynamic systems. In contrast, the state-space approach, based on piecewise interpolation of discrete load functions, does not rely on predetermined acceleration assumptions and has demonstrated high efficiency in terms of stability and accuracy. The original state-space method requires the calculation of the inverse of the structural mass in the transition matrix. However, when a lumped mass matrix is used, this computation renders the entire mass matrix singular, resulting in an invalid solution expression. To address this issue, this study proposes an improved state-space approach for the transient analysis of large-scale structural systems with local nonlinearities. In this approach, a nonlinear force corrector is introduced as an external force term applied to the linear elastic system to account for the nonlinear behavior of locally yielding components. Consequently, the original nonlinear dynamic system can be transformed into an equivalent linear elastic transient system. Furthermore, based on the lumped mass matrix, a first-order ordinary differential state-space equation for such an equivalent linear elastic transient system is derived. Simulation results from three transient system examples show that the state-space approach outperforms the Newmark method in terms of accuracy and stability for dynamic systems characterized by high frequency and low damping. The prediction results show that the state-space approach appears to be insignificantly affected by the choice of the consistent or lumped mass matrix. The numerical results show that the root-mean-square errors between the consistent and lumped matrices in the top displacement time histories of a 15-storey plane frame under various seismic intensities are all less than 1%, and in the base reaction time histories responses the discrepancies are only about 0.5%, indicating that the use of lumped mass matrices is quite reliable. When many nodes or degrees of freedom have no assigned mass, the dimensionality of the state-space equation can be significantly reduced using the lumped mass approach. Therefore, the simulation of large-scale systems can be simplified by employing the improved state-space approach with lumped mass matrices, yielding results nearly identical to those obtained using traditional methods. In conclusion, the improved state-space approach has great potential for the simulation of transient behavior in large-scale systems with local nonlinearities.

Advancing Single-Particle Analysis in Synthetic Chemical Systems: A Forward-Looking Discussion.

Single-particle analysis (SPA) is a fundamental method of cryo-electron microscopy developed to resolve the structures of biological macromolecules. This method has seen significant success in structural biology, yet its potential applications in synthetic chemical systems remain underexplored. In this perspective article, SPA and associated electron microscopy techniques are first briefly introduced. It is then proposed that SPA is well-suited for structural analysis of chemical systems where discrete, identical macromolecules can be readily obtained. Applicable systems include various clusters such as coinage metal clusters, metal-oxo/sulfur clusters, metal-organic clusters, and supramolecular compounds like coordination cages and metallo-supramolecular cages. When high-quality large single crystals are unattainable, SPA provides an alternative method for determining their structures. Beyond these end products, it is suggested that SPA can be instrumental in studying synthetic intermediates of materials with specific building units, such as metal-organic frameworks and zeolites. Given that various intermediates coexist in the reaction system, a purification step is necessary before conducting SPA, which can be facilitated by soft-landing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

Структурно-семантичні особливості ідіом з колірними компонентами в англомовному діловому дискурсі

In recent years, the study of language has evolved to explore the intricate nuances that shape our communication. One fascinating aspect of language is the use of idioms, which enable speakers to convey emotions indirectly through metaphorical expression. Although idioms enrich language and enhance its expressiveness and vividness, they often cause difficulties for people learning English. Among the myriad of idioms, those related to colours stand out as vibrant and captivating elements of linguistic diversity. Colour is an objective quality of the material world, encoded by language signs into a diverse array of information. Colour schemes and their designations are universal elements of the larger colour symbolic system, composed of multiple subsystems each with their own function and structure. As carriers of information about the surrounding world, colour designations are meaningful topics for cognitive, psycholinguistic, linguistic, and cultural studies. Understanding the structural and semantic features of colour idioms is essential for unravelling the intricate threads that make up effective communication, especially in the context of business discourse. The purpose of this paper is to delve into the semantic and structural features of colour idioms used in English business discourse. General methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, classification), theoretical methods (system analysis), graphical, as well as methods of logical, system-structural analysis and connections, comparative and dialectical approaches have been used. Results. Colour symbolism, like any other, is based on the peculiarities of the human psyche, on various associations, which are based on everyday human experience, fed by mythological, religious and aesthetic views. Examining business idioms with the colour component we can say that the semantics of this component often differ from the semantics of the same colour name in free use. The meanings of different colours in business idioms were scrutinized. A detailed analysis was also carried out and a certain proportion of idioms was determined by structures and colours, and the corresponding diagrams were given. The study shows the prevalence of the blue colour (17%), followed by black (15%), red and white (13% each). The yellow colour appears to be less utilized, constituting only 2% of the analysed idioms. The analysis of the syntactic characteristics of colour idioms has shown the dominance of nominal idioms (80%), followed by verbal idioms (10%) with adjectival making up 6% and the adverbial being represented by 1 lexical unit (4%). The originality of this article lies in the study of the symbolism of colours in terms of their use in business phraseological units, and a detailed structural and semantic analysis of colour idioms used in business discourse. Conclusion. The study underscores the significance of colour idioms within the business vocabulary, emphasizing their relevance. Proficiency in these expressions not only enriches one's linguistic repertoire but also enhances communication skills. Business idioms are an important segment in the business vocabulary. Colour idioms occupy a large share in business phraseology, the study of which requires further research.

Systematic analysis of Intelligent retail system structure and its optimization

Systematic analysis of Intelligent retail system structure and its optimization

Seismic-Resistant Design Regulations for Structures, Earthquake and Experimental Results Lessons

The Mexico City earthquakes of September 19, 1985, and September 19, 2017, showed that the seismic requirements for these earthquakes exceeded those specified in the Mexico City building code. This study illustrates limitations in current procedures for the seismic analysis of structures. The Uncertainties in the assessment of seismic design requirements and limitations in the seismic analysis of structural systems indicate that the lateral strength specified in building codes is not sufficient and that structures must have lateral deformation capacity. It follows that structural systems with low or intermediate ductility, such as those allowed in the Mexico City Building Code (MCBC, 2017), would not be desirable for resisting strong earthquakes. The last part of this work shows computed story drifts in buildings with different structural systems, either based on frames or using structural walls. This study compares story drifts in these structural systems for both using the seismic demands specified by MCBC 2017 and for the seismic demands corresponding to the September 19, 2017, earthquake in Mexico City. The results for these story drifts show the importance of rigid structural systems for reducing story drift demands, not only for avoiding collapse in strong earthquakes but also for significantly reducing building damage.

Design optimization and failure analysis of natural composite sandwich T-joints under pulling load conditions

This paper presents a structural analysis of composite sandwich T-joint systems respond to pulling loads. A finite element (FE) model of the T-joint structure was created with four geometrical models, and three different materials were used to compare the design and identify the failure locations. The stress-critical regions were identified within and beneath the Stringers, which are responsible for connecting the base and web panels and transferring loads. The FEA studies showed that T-joint fails due to high shear stress in the stringer, base panel (flange), web, and bolted joint areas. The combination of shear and tensile stress in the adhesive layer between the composite base panel and the stringers lead to failure. Furthermore, incorporating a circular hole in the web panel near the joint resulted in an 11.8 % reduction of failure load. Due to the intricate stress distribution and geometric variations in these joints, premature failure can occur. Therefore, meticulous attention is essential for wing structures at spar joints, especially under extreme load conditions. Despite the complex manufacturing process, the present conventional T-joint design is extremely effective. However, other designs for low-cost manufacturing were proposed and evaluated. The investigation determined that the sandwich structure exhibits a shear stress of 28.88 MPa and von Mises stresses of 57.75 MPa. These values are higher than those observed in design cases 1 and 2. Therefore, design case 3 is suitable for aeronautical applications.

Optimization and analysis of battery thermal management system structure based on flat heat pipes and biomimetic fins

As one of the key components of electric vehicles, the enhancement of the performance of the power battery is closely intertwined with an efficient Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS). In the realm of BTMS, Flat Heat Pipes (FHP) have garnered considerable attention due to their lightweight structure and excellent thermal conductivity. Thus, a BTMS configuration scheme based on FHP is proposed in this study. Utilizing orthogonal design and fuzzy grey relational analysis as the evaluation methods, coupled with numerical simulations, an investigation into the influence of four structural parameters of the novel biomimetic fins (namely, the diameter, height, spacing of protrusions, and height of cooling fins) on the temperature distribution of the battery pack is conducted. The research findings indicate that to maintain the battery within an optimal operational temperature range, the optimal dimensional parameters should be controlled at 17.5 mm, 4 mm, 13 mm, and 90 mm, respectively. Subsequent sensitivity analysis reveals that the height of the protrusions exhibits the most significant influence on the maximum temperature of the module, whereas the height of the cooling fins exerts a considerable impact on the consistency of the module temperature. The optimized maximum temperature is determined to be 36.52 °C, with a temperature difference of 2.65 °C.

Toward Sustainable Architecture: Structural Analysis and Energy Efficiency of Vertical Sun Control Systems

Toward Sustainable Architecture: Structural Analysis and Energy Efficiency of Vertical Sun Control Systems

A novel null-hypothesis approximation method of limit state function in multi-failure mode reliability analysis of structural system

A novel null-hypothesis approximation method of limit state function in multi-failure mode reliability analysis of structural system

PSDM: A parametrized structural dynamic modeling method based on digital twin for performance prediction

Digital twin (DT) technology is a powerful tool that accurately represents physical entities and provides real-time monitoring and reliability analysis capabilities for decision-makers and managers. However, modeling complex systems in structural health monitoring using DTs can be repetitive and tedious with existing approaches. To address these issues, we propose a new approach called the Parametrized Structural Dynamic Modeling(PSDM) method. This approach effectively parametrizes dynamic systems in structural health monitoring by leveraging Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to represent and analyze complex structural behaviors. It also incorporates model reduction and kernel functions. By integrating physics-based insights and advanced modeling methodologies, the PSDM method aims to bridge the gap between the physical and digital domains, enabling accurate and efficient analysis of complex structural systems. To verify its accuracy and efficiency, we apply the PSDM method to two engineering cases: the wing cantilever beam and the telehandler boom. The results demonstrate that the online computational cost of the PSDM method is lower than Finite Element Methods (FEM), thereby improving the computational efficiency of DT modeling technology for complex-large structures. Thus, this research presents a feasible method for implementing structural reliability analysis for engineering equipment.

On group-theoretic eigenvalue vibration analysis of structural systems with C6v symmetry

In considerations of the linear vibration of symmetric systems, group theory allows the space of the eigenvalue problem to be decomposed into independent subspaces that are spanned by symmetry-adapted freedoms. These problems usually feature one or more degenerate subspaces (i.e. subspaces that contain repeating solutions). For such subspaces, the associated idempotents, as calculated from the character table of the symmetry group, are not capable of full decomposition of the subspace. In this paper, and based on group theory, simple algebraic operators that fully decompose the two degenerate subspaces of structural problems belonging to the C6v symmetry group are proposed. The operators are applied to the vibration of a spring-mass system, for which the results for natural frequencies are found to agree exactly with results from the literature. Their application to the vibration of a hexagonal plane grid reveals new insights on the character of the modes of degenerate subspaces. The overall conclusion is that, for problems belonging to the C6v symmetry group, the proposed operators allow the mixed modes of degenerate subspaces to be separated into two distinct symmetry categories, and are very effective in simplifying the actual computation of the repeating eigenvalues of these subspaces.

Water resources of the Podilia region and their use

Purpose. To analyze the state of water resources of the Podilsk region and the territorial features of water use in order to optimize their use. Methods. Methods of system-structural analysis, statistical, cartographic, modeling. Rresults. The current state and peculiarities of the use of water resources in the territory of the administrative districts of the Podilsk region were analyzed according to the indicators of total water intake from natural water bodies, the use of fresh water in general and the sectoral structure of water use. The main consumers of water resources in the region are industrial enterprises and housing and communal services. The largest share of underground water intake is in Ternopil Oblast, and the smallest in Vinnytsia, which is related to natural reserves of underground water. The largest volumes of water intake from natural water bodies and the use of fresh water are observed in the Khmelnytskyi region, and the smallest - in the Ternopil region. The analysis of the dynamics of water use indicators over the period 2020-2022 determined a decrease in the volume of water intake, especially in 2022, in all regions of the region. The largest share of water is used in the regions of the region for production needs. Conclusions. The dynamics of water consumption in all regions of the region has a tendency to decrease the volume of water intake. There are certain differences in the amount of surface and underground water intake. For many administrative districts and territorial communities, the problem of rational use of water resources is relevant.

An Improved Online Genotype Registration System

The genotype registration system aids in the patient's understanding of his genotype's future trends and behavior, enabling management to make informed decisions. The purpose of the design is to provide rapid access to and retrieval of patient data from hospital data warehouses, hence reducing the amount of time lost on such data retrieval. The data mining tool was also made to find hidden patterns that support managerial decision- making. The analysis of the current system, which served as a blueprint for the design of the suggested system, was conducted using structured system analysis and design methodology. A data warehouse for patient information was created using the PHP programming language and mySQL, allowing for the retrieval of said information as needed.

ENSURING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SETTLEMENTS IN UKRAINE AND EU COUNTRIES: LEGAL, ECONOMIC AND MANAGERIAL ASPECTS

The study examines energy and energy-related environmental policies in the international context and their impact on the economy and businesses in the context of energy efficiency. The focus is on Ukraine's integration into the European energy market and the legislative features of energy policy. The purpose of the article is to determine the content and features of the administrative and legal regime for the use of solar energy facilities in Ukraine in the light of ensuring the requirements for the viability of human settlements. The tasks of the article were to determine the EU energy efficiency policy, its economic and regulatory justification, which can be adapted to the needs of meeting the energy needs of Ukraine in the crisis conditions of war, and to determine the strategy for the development of energy efficiency of settlements in post-war conditions. The study used general scientific and special methods, the main of which were: abstract-logical, deductive, inductive, historical, modelling and forecasting, methods of system structural, system and functional analysis, economic-statistical (grouping, comparison, etc.). As a result, the authors conclude that the reason for this is its clear advantages over traditional sources, which are difficult to refute. In some countries, the government is implementing complex public programmes with huge financial investments for gradual replacement, but so far the results remain insignificant. Ensuring an adequate level of energy efficiency in Ukraine requires the activation of processes of harmonization of the current national legislation with the standards of the EU energy and climate policy, which is connected with: amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine in order to create conditions for attracting investors to the market of energy services; further processes of decentralization of the energy system and the spread of alternative, independently separated energy subsystems and energy resource traders; formation of artificial raw materials as sources of thermal energy.

ScaleLat: A chemical structure matching algorithm for mapping atomic structure of multi-phase system and high entropy alloys

ScaleLat (Scale Lattice) is a computer program written in C for performing the atomic structure analysis of multi-phase system or high entropy alloys (HEAs). The program implements an atomic cluster cell extraction algorithm to obtain all symmetry independent characteristic atomic cluster cells for the complex atomic configurations which are usually obtained from molecular dynamics or kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations at nanoscale or mesoscopic scale. ScaleLat implements an efficient and unique chemical structure matching algorithm to match all extracted atomic clusters from a large supercell (>104 atoms) to a representative small one (∼ 103 or less), providing the possibility to directly use the highly accurate quantum mechanical methods to study the electronic, magnetic, and mechanical properties of multi-component alloys for complex microstructures. We demonstrate the capability of ScaleLat code by conducting both the atomic structure matching analysis for Fe-12.8 at.% Cr binary alloy and equiatomic CrFeCoNiCu high entropy alloy, successfully obtaining the representative supercells containing 102∼103 atoms for two systems. The reliability of the proposed chemical structure matching scheme is tested and confirmed by calculating the electronic structures of both examples using trial supercells with various sizes. Overall, ScaleLat program provides a universal platform to efficiently map all essential chemical structures of large complex atomic structures to a relatively easy-handling small supercell for quantum mechanical calculations of various user interested properties. Program SummaryProgram Title: ScaleLatCPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/cv6wsxy938.1Developer's repository link: https://github.com/NanLi-xjtu/ScaleLat.gitLicensing provisions: MITProgramming language: CNature of Problem: Very large supercells containing more than 104 atoms must be used to describe the atomic structure of multi-phase materials or high entropy alloys, and their electronic and mechanical properties are almost not possible to be investigated using quantum mechanical calculations within conventional computational hardware. Decreasing the total number of atoms in a smaller representative supercell which preserves all essential chemical structures of the original large supercell is the key to tackling the problem.Solution to the Problem: An atomic cluster cell extraction algorithm is realized to thoroughly obtain all symmetry independent characteristic chemical structures of multi-phase system or high entropy alloys. Utilizing the direct atom swapping method, the efficient chemical structure matching procedure is developed to map all extracted characteristic atomic cluster cells of benchmark structure to the small supercell by minimizing their differences in both the types and relative fractions of atomic cluster cell sets.

Social network dynamics in rural public spaces of multi-ethnic settlements: A case study from Tongren, China

In multi-ethnic rural settlements, a diversity of social relationships gives rise to various public spaces. The integration of cultures, propelled by urbanization, poses challenges to the unique characteristics of these rural public spaces. This process leads to issues such as the loss of cultural diversity, increased homogeneity of spaces, uneven distribution of public services, and low efficiency in space utilization, which seriously interfere with the healthy and sustainable development of rural social systems in multi-ethnic rural areas. This study, focusing on the rural public spaces in Tongren's multi-ethnic settlements, employs a social network analysis approach to investigate the implications of these spaces for the stability of rural community life and the preservation of cultural identities. A model for analyzing social networks in rural public spaces was developed, emphasizing overlapping patterns of user groups, activities, and spatial entities. Analysis of the social networks was conducted in three domains: emotional support, material exchange, and information dissemination. A semantic model was also constructed to understand the usage and structural networks within these public spaces. Comparative analyses between the usage and structural networks of rural public spaces were conducted to develop a comprehensive structural analysis system for these areas. Application of this system in analyzing the rural public spaces of Tongren revealed distinct findings. The connectivity of the structural network in Dongganmu Village's public spaces was found to be lower than that of the usage network, indicating that social factors heavily influence villagers' interactions. Furthermore, the number of small groups within the usage network was fewer than in the structural network, reflecting a lack of hierarchy in public space organization. Villagers’ preferences for public spaces were primarily influenced by cultural beliefs rather than spatial accessibility. The insights garnered from this study not only contribute to the understanding of social network structures in rural public spaces within multi-ethnic settlements but also provide a foundation for informed decision-making regarding the sustainable development of these areas.

Development of Large-scale Bending and Torsional Test Rig Using Strong Floor Anchorage System for Structural Analysis

Development of Large-scale Bending and Torsional Test Rig Using Strong Floor Anchorage System for Structural Analysis

Implementasi Structured System Analysis and Design Method pada Sistem Informasi Retribusi Pasar

Mojopanggung market is a traditional market located in mojopanggung sub-district, giri sub-district, banyuwangi regency. Based on the field survey, there are problems with the data processing system for market retribution income reports managed by market treasurers who stell have a conventional approach in processing payment data recorded in books and microsoft excel. This results in the current system having many weaknesses and limitations, increasing the risk of data loss. In addition, providing information to recapitulation officers in the field of market management becomes difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to design a website-based market levy income information system, which can handle problems that arise, where the system can be used to monitor market levy income report data, as well as facilitate the provision of information to recapitulation officers in the field of market management the design of a website-based market levy income information system was built by applying the structured system analysis and design method (SSADM). From the results of research that has been carried out, every company or government agency is encouraged to utilize information technology as a means of supporting business activities. A part from that, designing a website-based market levy income information system is very necessary and needed, in order to make it easier to provide information related to market traders’ dependents, as well as reporting levy income results and activities for monitoring data, so that in can produce levy income report data more easily and effectively

Codes of Professional Ethics in the System of Regulation of Corporate Relations

Introduction. The article presents a study of the feasibility of having corporate codes of ethics in corporations that have different statutory goals, examines questions about the correlation between business and moral rules, the role of ethical codes in the management of corporations, the practical benefits, “payback” of codes and attracting investments.Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study was the following general scientific and special methods of cognition of legal phenomena and processes: the method of system-structural analysis; method of synthesis of social and legal phenomena; comparative legal method; formal logical method.Research results. As a result of the study, the Author came to the conclusion that the presence of codes of professional ethics is an indicator of the moral maturity of a society (in our case, a corporation), which can independently regulate the behavior of its members without the help of the state.Regardless of the degree of connection between codes of ethics and federal legislation, their blanket nature or sovereignty, corporate codes of ethics remain one of the most important tools for managing the activities of a corporation and regulating corporate relations.Examining the codes of ethics of corporations, it can be stated that, when integrated with the law, they have a positive impact on increasing the efficiency of the corporation and the formation of a morally oriented corporate culture.The inclusion of ESG principles in corporate codes of ethics increases the company’s responsibility in the field of environmental protection and brings corporations to a new level of social significance. In turn, this leads to the socialization of the business and helps to increase the business reputation of the corporation.Discussion and conclusion. The study of corporate codes of ethics allows us to draw conclusions that, having the status of a corporate regulatory legal act, it is a flexible and full-fledged tool for managing a corporation.The interaction of law and morality in corporations is implemented through a new model of influence on management, where the norms of ethics and morality are intertwined with legal mechanisms to achieve a synergistic effect - the formation of a unique corporate culture.The practical uniformity of the categories of morality and ethics used in corporate codes of ethics provides grounds for the development of universal ethical principles for their mandatory use in these acts.