Anal Squamous Cell Research Articles

Perianal squamous cell carcinoma in-situ: a report of two human papilloma virus-negative cases

We are reporting two cases of perianal squamous cell carcinoma in-situ, negative for high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) human papilloma viruses. A brief review of anal and perianal squamous cell carcinoma and the role of HPV are presented.

Invasive Anal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma in the HIV-Positive Patient: Outcome in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

The incidence of invasive anal squamous-cell carcinoma in patients with HIV is increasing. We report the outcome after combined chemoradiotherapy for anal squamous-cell carcinoma in HIV-infected individuals. Thirty-two HIV-positive patients treated at the St. Vincent's Cancer Care Center for anal squamous-cell carcinoma from 1997 through mid 2005 were reviewed retrospectively. All patients also received highly active antiretroviral therapy. Treatment consisted of radiotherapy concurrent with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C in most patients. Overall survival, anal cancer-specific survival, local recurrence, and toxicity were assessed. Median time from completion of radiotherapy to last follow-up of surviving patients was 35 months. Five-year locoregional relapse, anal cancer-specific survival, and overall survival were 16 , 75, and 65 percent, respectively. In multivariate analysis, locoregional recurrence, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival were all significantly associated with tumor size. Overall survival was independently associated with high viral load and low CD4 count. Acute toxicity included: Grade 3 skin in 25 percent of patients, Grade 3 diarrhea: 28 percent, and Grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicity in 21 and 48 percent, respectively. More than two-thirds of patients required radiotherapy interruption. There was no negative impact of chemoradiotherapy on viral load. Outcome after chemoradiotherapy for HIV-related anal squamous-cell carcinoma in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy is comparable to outcome in patients without HIV. However, significant toxicity is seen with standard treatment regimens. Earlier diagnosis and risk-adapted therapy could lead to improved survival and decreased treatment-related morbidity.

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-associated proctologic diseases

BACKGROUND: Incidence of HPV-associated disease of the anal canal is rising especially in risk groups. This article reviews the current approach to diseases of the anus caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). METHODS: Medical evidence on human papilloma virus in anal disease was summarized from publications retrieved using medline. RESULTS: Clinical aspects of anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata), anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and squamous cell cancer of the anus are presented in the light of recent epidemiologic and etiologic data. Current treatment options and – if available – therapeutic standards are reported. CONCLUSIONS: Today's task forces and future treatment strategies are discussed.

Human papillomavirus infection: An emerging problem in anal and other squamous cell cancers

Human papillomavirus infection: An emerging problem in anal and other squamous cell cancers

日本人におけるこう門管・大腸のへん平上皮癌とＨＰＶ ＰＣＲ法によるヒトパピローマウイルスの検出

日本人におけるこう門管・大腸のへん平上皮癌とＨＰＶ ＰＣＲ法によるヒトパピローマウイルスの検出

Anal squamous cell and basaloid carcinomas are HPV-associated neoplasm

Anal squamous cell and basaloid carcinomas are HPV-associated neoplasm

361Chemotherapy (5 FU-Cis DDP) neoadjuvant and concomitant to irradiation in the conservative treatment of anal canal squamous cell carcinomas larger than 4 cm or with node involvement: Preliminary results on acute toxicity and response

361Chemotherapy (5 FU-Cis DDP) neoadjuvant and concomitant to irradiation in the conservative treatment of anal canal squamous cell carcinomas larger than 4 cm or with node involvement: Preliminary results on acute toxicity and response

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: Part of a multifocal disease process

Invasive carcinomas of the anogenital epithelium share a common aetiological factor—human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. Although genital intraepithelial neoplasia may be multifocal, there have been no studies of the prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in women with intraepithelial neoplasia of the genital tract. We tested the hypothesis that women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are at higher risk of disease in the anus than are control women of similar age with no history of anogenital neoplasia. 29 (19%) of 152 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III had histological evidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Of the 29 patients, 11 had grade III anal lesions; 2 of those women had concomitant invasive anal squamouscell carcinomas. Only 7% (8/115) women with high-grade lesions of the cervix alone had evidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia; by contrast, 57% (21/37) of those with more than one focus of intraepithelial neoplasia (cervix plus vulva, vagina, or both) had anal lesions. HPV 16 DNA was identified in 18 (51%) of 35 anal biopsy samples in the study group. No evidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia was found in the control group (50 women), although 2 patients had grade I cervical lesions. HPV 16 DNA was identified in 12 (24%) of biopsy samples from the cervix and 7 (14%) from the anus in the control group; all 7 women with anal H PV 16 had concomitant cervical infection. The role of anal examination in the assessment of women with any focus of genital intraepithelial neoplasia requires further investigation.

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: part of a multifocal disease process

Invasive carcinomas of the anogenital epithelium share a common aetiological factor—human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. Although genital intraepithelial neoplasia may be multifocal, there have been no studies of the prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in women with intraepithelial neoplasia of the genital tract. We tested the hypothesis that women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are at higher risk of disease in the anus than are control women of similar age with no history of anogenital neoplasia. 29 (19%) of 152 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III had histological evidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Of the 29 patients, 11 had grade III anal lesions; 2 of those women had concomitant invasive anal squamouscell carcinomas. Only 7% (8/115) women with high-grade lesions of the cervix alone had evidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia; by contrast, 57% (21/37) of those with more than one focus of intraepithelial neoplasia (cervix plus vulva, vagina, or both) had anal lesions. HPV 16 DNA was identified in 18 (51%) of 35 anal biopsy samples in the study group. No evidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia was found in the control group (50 women), although 2 patients had grade I cervical lesions. HPV 16 DNA was identified in 12 (24%) of biopsy samples from the cervix and 7 (14%) from the anus in the control group; all 7 women with anal H PV 16 had concomitant cervical infection. The role of anal examination in the assessment of women with any focus of genital intraepithelial neoplasia requires further investigation.