Amount Of Sodium Carbonate Research Articles

Experimental Data on Major and Trace Element Partitioning in Partially Molten Carbonated Peridotites

The pioneering experimental works of Wyllie and Eggler on melting relations in carbonated peridotites mainly on an example of simplified system CMS-CO2 demonstrated that at sufficiently high pressures near-solidus melts are represented in them by silicate-poor carbonaterich liquids (Wyllie and Huang, 1975; Eggler, 1978). Wallace and Green (1988) demonstrated that carbonate melts equilibrated with fertile lherzolites contain substantial amounts of sodium carbonate, which expands field of their existence to much lower P and T as compared with simplified CMAS-CO2 system. In order to conduct quantitative analysis of trace-element behaviour during the metasomatic enrichment of mantle rocks we need to know partition coefficients for coexisting minerals and carbonate-rich melts. Several authors reported experimental results of this kind (Brenan and Watson, 1991; Sweeney, Green and Sie, 1992). I have extended these studies by investigating the behaviour of major and some trace elements in near solidus melts produced in apatite-saturated carbonated peridotites.

Chemical Reactivity of Oxidation Products of the Dithiolanylidenemalonate Fungicide, Isoprothiolane.

Diisopropyl dithiolanylidenemalonate (isoprothiolane) was oxidized with m-chloroperbenzoic acid to give a monosulfoxide, disulfoxide, and disulfone. The monosulfoxide was subjected to addition reactions with such nucleophiles as methanol, thiols, and amines at the thioacetal carbon to open the dithiolane ring, affording a thiosulfinate, sulfinate and disulfide. The presence of a small amount of sodium carbonate accelerated the reactions and, moreover, reformed isoprothiolane from the ring-opened addition products. The further oxidation products were transformed into dithianes by reacting with nucleophiles. Isoprothiolane monosulfoxide inhibited alcohol dehydrogenase, an SH enzyme.

Simultaneous determination of silicon and phosphorus in biological standard materials with on-line column flow-injection spectrophotometry

A simultaneous determination of silicon and phosphorus in biological standard materials with on-line column flow-injection spectrophotometry (FIA) is described. Biological materials are ashed, fused with a lithium carbonate-boric acid mixture, and dissolved in a hydrochloric acid solution. Interfering cations are removed by a simple cation-exchange column filtration. The acid effluent is evaporated to dryness, fused with a small amount of sodium carbonate for depolymerization, taken up in dilute EDTA solution, and analyzed for silica and phosphorus by FIA. For the simultaneous determination of these elements, TSK-gel SAX was used, and the eluent was 0.085 mol/l NaCl/0.01 mol/l NH3/0.001 mol/l EDTA. Several standard reference materials [bovine liver (NBS), chlorella and pepperbush (NIES)] were analyzed for both elements. The results of phosphorus determination for bovine liver are in satisfactory agreement with the NBS certificated value. ICP measurements were applied to analyses of chlorella and pepperbush for silica and phosphorus. The agreement of the analytical results between FIA and ICP is satisfactory. Silica in bovine liver was determined in the present study for the first time.

Electrophoresis of dyed polysaccharides on “PhoroSlides”

Polysaccharides that have been previously treated with reactive dyestuffs can be separated within 1 to 3 minutes by electrophoresis on PhoroSlides at potential gradients of 40 to 56 V cm–1. In addition to providing the required self-indicating system, dyeing increases the electrophoretic mobility of charged polysaccharides. The difficulty experienced in dyeing polysaccharides that have small proportions of primary hydroxyl groups (e.g., plant gums, pectin, alginic acid and sulphated polysaccharides) can be overcome by increasing the amount of sodium carbonate added in the dyeing process.

溶融シアン化ナトリウムの分解反応と窒化能

There are many reports on practical problems about the case-hardening of iron and steel by nitriding in fused salts, but there are some unknown points about the mechanism of the reaction of salts and others. In this paper the changes in compositions of pure fused sodium cyanide (NaCN) and cyanate (NaCNO) salts were investigated during heating at 575°C in oxygen or argon atmosphere by means of chemical analysis of the remaining cyanide. Also, the amount of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was measured by the gas-chromatographic technique. On the basis of the obtained results, an attempt was made to clarify the behavior of decomposition of the fused salts and also to correlate it with its nitriding effect for steel.The results gained are as follows:(1) NaCNO was decomposed in accordance with the following reaction:(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.) \ oindentIf pieces of iron exist in the salt, the disappearing decomposition rate of NaCNO was accelerated several hundred times. In this case the nitriding of steel can be performed most effectively, because the above reaction (\ efeq1) proceeds on the surface of steel and active nitrogen is much available for that use.(2) With the blow of oxygen gas the following reaction becomes predominant:(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.) \ oindentNevertheless, its nitriding effect is not so strong.(3) The reaction from NaCN to Na2CO3 seems to be a so-called consecutive process producing NaCNO salt as an intermediate product.(4) As the estimation of the nitriding effect is possible from the measurement of CO2 gas evolved during the reaction, the gas-chromatographic technique would be useful to study the reaction in this case.

The determination of carbon dioxide in coal

AbstractIn the present British Standard method for the determination of carbon dioxide in coals, the carbon dioxide evolved by reaction of the coal with dilute hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid is absorbed in barium hydroxide, and the excess barium hydroxide is titrated with hydrochloric acid. In Fuel Research Survey Paper No. 44, a method is described in which the carbon dioxide liberated is absorbed in soda‐lime and determined gravimetically. In this paper a third method based on the pressometric principle is described. The amount of carbon dioxide is determined by measuring the pressure developed in an apparatus of constant volume, the pressure and volume relationship having previously been determined using a known amount of sodium carbonate.

Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate in Steam Boilers

Abstract This paper deals quantitatively with the extent of decomposition of sodium carbonate, which is present in many boiler waters and has an important bearing on the inhibition of caustic embrittlement and corrosion. Data are presented in the form of curves obtained from tests on a steaming laboratory boiler at various high pressures and with various feedwaters. The extent of decomposition occurring is found to be dependent upon several factors, the principal one being the amount of sodium carbonate in the feedwater. An attempt is made to correlate laboratory data with those obtained from operating plant boilers.

Societies and Academies

Societies and Academies