Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Research Articles

Study on Opencast Coal Mine Haul Road Dust Suppression using Guargum Grafted Polyacrylamide

Vehicle movement over haul road is the major source of fugitive dust emission from opencast coal mines which adversely affect the environment. Water spraying is the most common practice for controlling fugitive dust generationfrom haul road. In this work, an innovative polymer was synthesised to study its effectiveness as a dust suppressing agent. Guargum grafted polyacrylamide (GG-g-PAM) polymer was synthesised by free radical polymerisation technique using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) initiator. Haul road dust sample was collected from a mine and characterised by sieve analysis and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. An experiment was carried out at controlled environment in the oven to measure the moisture retention efficiency of the dust applying the synthesised polymerat different temperatures 25°C, 35°C and 45°C. For this purpose, 0.1 weight percentage of GG-g-PAM was mixed with water. The solution was sprayed over 20g dust sample (below 10 mesh size) in a petri dish. The same experiment was repeated with only water as the dust suppressant to compare with the effectiveness of GG-g-PAM. The experiments showed that application of GG-g-PAM polymer solution instead of only water helps to increasing moisture retention capacity of haul road dust by 12.9% after 8 h at 25°C, 14.7% after 8 h at 35 °C, and 25.4% after 2 h at 45°C. It is also observed that application of GG-g-PAM polymer solution helped in reducing the dust generation by 36% after 8 h at 25°C, 32% at 35°C after 6 h, and 65% after 2 h at 45 °C. This shows that during scorching summer when the temperature is, in general, above 40°C, GG-g-PAM solution has potential for suppression of haul road dust in opencast coal mines effectively.

Synthesis of vildagliptin loaded acrylamide-g-psyllium/alginate-based core-shell nanoparticles for diabetes treatment

Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health concern all over the world. Vildagliptin is one of the antidiabeticdrug that can overcome the existing problem of this prevalent disease. Present study aims to synthesize and investigate the role of vildagliptin-loaded core-shell nanoparticle of grafted psyllium and alginate (VG@P/A-NPs) in anti-diabetes application. FTIR, SEM, XRD, 13CNMR and zeta analyzer were used for characterization of the core-shell nanoparticles (VG@P/A-NPs). The synthesized acrylamide-grafted-psyllium was also optimized through varying grafting parameters such as acrylamide and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) concentration, time and temperature to obtain the maximum yield of acrylamide-grafted-psyllium. Rheological analysis of pure psyllium, grafted psyllium and alginate were also performed. For biological studies, the first cytotoxicity of grafted psyllium and VG@P/A-NPs were examined on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in which it was observed that VG@P/A-NPs did not exhibited any toxicity. The antidiabetic potential of VG@P/A-NPs was investigated by glucose uptake assay, using TNF-α induced insulin resistance skeletal cell model using mouse muscle L6 cell line. The insulin signaling impaired cell line displayed a highly significant (p < 0.0001) dose-dependent increase in glucose uptake after treatment with increasing doses of VG@P/A-NPs.The drug release behavior of VG@P/A-NPs was examined at various pH and the highest drug release (98 %) was obtained at pH (7.4). The drug release kinetic data was following the Higuchi (R2 = 0.9848) kinetic model, suggesting the release of drug from vildagliptin-loaded grafted psyllium-alginate core-shell nanoparticles (VG@P/A-NPs) as a square root of time-dependent process and diffusion controlled. This study provides an economical and environment-friendly approach towards the synthesis of VG@P/A-NPs with antidiabetes applications.

Smart and eco-friendly N-isopropylacrylamide and cellulose hydrogels as a safe dual-drug local cancer therapy approach

Local cancer treatment by in situ injections of thermo-responsive hydrogels (HG) offers several advantages over conventional systemic anti-cancer treatments. In this work, a biodegradable and multicompartmental HG composed of N-isopropylacrylamide, cellulose, citric acid, and ceric ammonium nitrate was developed for the controlled release of hydrophilic (doxorubicin) and hydrophobic (niclosamide) drugs. The formulation presented ideal properties regarding thermo-responsiveness, rheological behavior, drug release profile, biocompatibility, and biological activity in colon and ovarian cancer cells. Cellulose was found to retard drugs release rate, being only 4 % of doxorubicin and 30 % of niclosamide released after 1 week. This low release was sufficient to cause cell death in both cell lines. Moreover, HG demonstrated a proper injectability, in situ prevalence, and safety profile in vivo. Overall, the HG properties, together with its natural and eco-friendly composition, create a safe and efficient platform for the local treatment of non-resectable tumors or tumors requiring pre-surgical adjuvant therapy.

Magnetically Recoverable Silica-Decorated Ferromagnetic-Nanoceria Nanocatalysts and Their Use with O- and N-Butyloxycarbonylation Reaction via Solvent-Free Condition.

Silica-decorated ferrite nanoparticles, a new kind, coated with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), have been prepared successfully by simple coprecipitation techniques. Powder X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (PXRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDX), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques were used to characterize these nanoparticles. The catalysts are further studied for catalytic activity in solvent-free conditions. Importantly, these nanoparticles have been collected from the reaction mixture using an external magnet and recycled up to minimum of 15 cycles with no substantial loss of catalytic characteristics.

Antibacterial and antioxidant assay of novel heteroaryl-substituted methane derivatives synthesized via ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) catalyzed one-pot green approach.

Individually, hydroxycoumarin and amino pyrimidine derivatives are of significant biological interest owing to their importance in drugs and pharmaceuticals. To access their combined biological impact into one molecule, we designed a novel, one-pot green approach for synthesizing trisubstituted methanes. A series of new heteroaryl-substituted methanes have been synthesized and subjected to in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant evaluation. Tests against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus showed potent activity of the derivatives 4a, 4b, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4l, and 5 against the former, and 4a, 4e, 4j, and 4l against the later one. Further, antioxidant assay for these TRSMs was also studied where 4a, 4b, 4f, 4j, and 4l exhibited the most promising results. These preliminary bioassay evaluations strongly suggest the promise and scope of these molecules in medical science. A one pot methodology for the synthesis of coumarin and uracil tethered trisubstituted methanes has been reported. The synthesized derivatives were further analyzed for their antibacterial and antioxidant properties to explore their medicinal applications. The salient features of this methodology are operational simplicity, short reaction time, good to moderate yields of the products, easy purification method. Biochemical assay of the synthesized TRSMs a reveals their utility in medicinal & pharma industry.

One-Electron Oxidation of Geranyl Acetone Derivatives Using Ceric(IV) Ammonium Nitrate and Manganese(III) Acetate: Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation

Oxidation of geranyl acetone derivatives with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) and Mn(OAc)3 afforded tricyclic and bicyclic compounds as well as hydroxy and nitro compounds as a result of one-electron oxidation followed by carbon–carbon bond formation. This is the first example of radical cyclization (formed by one-electron oxidation) of geranyl acetone derivative 1 and its isomer 4 to give tri- and bicyclic products with carbon–carbon bond formation.

Microscopic Studies and Application of a Stabilized Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Oxidizer in Environmentally Friendly Pyrotechnic Strobes.

The growing reservations against the use of any kind of chlorine source in pyrotechnic items revolutionize the predominantly empirical development of strobe formulations in two ways. First, a conventionally applied ammonium perchlorate oxidizer needs to be replaced. Second, visible light emissions should no longer be generated by metastable monochloride species. Moreover, until now, toxic substances such as potassium dichromate have been added in order to achieve a more pronounced strobe effect. This work evaluates the potential of stearic acid-treated ceric ammonium nitrate to serve as an oxidizing agent in next-generation strobe compositions. For this purpose, its microscopic structure, energetic properties, and stability under ambient conditions were assessed. A two-component mixture with a magnesium-aluminum alloy was investigated, which should allow for the introduction of copper-based colorants. This potentially paves the way for the first environmentally friendly blue strobe formulations.

Studies on Graft Copolymerization Of Acrylic Acid Onto Acetylated Cellulose From Maize Cob

Acrylic acid was grafted onto cellulose acetate using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) initiator at varying temperature (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 ˚C) and reaction period of 2-6 hours. Grafting parameters like grafting yield (GY), grafting efficiency (GE) and total conversion of monomer to polymer (TC) were evaluated at different reaction conditions such as temperature, time, monomer and initiator concentration. The homopolymer was removed from the reaction mixture using Soxhlet extraction. The graft copolymer of cellulose acetate produced at 70 °C after 3 hours had the highest GY of 85%. The products were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses.

In-situ compatibilized starch/polyacylonitrile composite fiber fabricated via dry-wet spinning technique

An in-situ compatibilized starch (St) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite spinning solution was designed by preparing starch-graft-polyacrylonitrile (St-g-PAN) through graft copolymerizing acrylonitrile from soluble starch and using ammonium cerium nitrate (CAN) as initiator. As dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the solvent, St/St-g-PAN/PAN/DMSO spinning solution was prepared and St/St-g-PAN/PAN composite fibers were obtained by dry-wet spinning technique. The effects of air gap, coagulation bath, hot drawing and stretching, and thermal-setting process were studied in detail. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the copolymer and the fibers. Single fiber strength tester and sonic orientation instrument were performed to measure the fiber mechanical properties and orientation degrees. The results showed that as the grafting ratio ~150.0% and the reacting mixture containing St ~9.8%, St-g-PAN ~81.6%, and homo-PAN ~8.6% in DMSO solution with 6.0 wt% in concentration were used, the spinning parameters such as air gap ~35 mm, coagulation bath concentration ~70%, temperature ~25 °C, and positive stretching ~48%, hot drawing and stretching 6 times at 80 °C, thermal-setting at 90 °C for 3 h under constant length mode were met, composite fibers with breaking strength 3.41 cN·dtex−1, breaking elongation 14.41%, sonic orientation factor 0.625, moisture recovery ratio 10.53% under standard condition (1 atm, 22 °C, and relative humidity 65%), and boiling water shrinkage ratio 9.60% were obtained. The as prepared composite fiber was better than common viscose fiber 2.11 cN·dtex−1 and cotton fiber ~3.24 cN·dtex−1 and expected to be used in the fields of medical gauze, bandage, protective clothing, et al. besides of common textiles. The in-situ compatibilization method can be applied in preparation of other composite polymer materials.

Transdermal permeation of inorganic cerium salts in intact human skin

The stratum corneum protects the body against external agents, such as metals, chemicals, and toxics. Although it is considered poorly permeable to them, comprising the major barrier to the permeation of such substances, it may become a relevant gate of entry for such molecules. Cerium (Ce) is a lanthanide that is widely used in catalytic, energy, biological and medicinal applications, owing to its intrinsic structural and unique redox properties. Cerium salts used to produce cerium oxide (CeO2) nanostructures can potentially come into contact with the skin and be absorbed following dermal exposure. The objective of this study was to investigate the percutaneous absorption of three inorganic Ce salts: cerium (III) chloride (CeCl3); cerium (III) nitrate (Ce(NO3)3) and ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate (Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6), which are commonly adopted for the synthesis of CeO2 using in vitro - ex vivo technique in Franz diffusion cells. The present work shows that Ce salts cannot permeate intact human skin, but they can penetrate significantly in the epidermis (up to 0.29 μg/cm2) and, to a lesser extent in dermis (up to 0.11 μg/cm2). Further studies are required to evaluate the potential effects of long-term exposure to Ce.

Synthesize and characterization of sustainable natural fibers/ conductive polymer composites

This work aims to obtain reinforced composites of natural fibers that obtained from their agricultural wastes of and conductive polymers to develop an innovation and alternative materials. By the use of natural fibers contributes to the recycle of agricultural wastes, sustainability and further the resulting composite becomes alternative to the metals. Here, flexible conductive composites were obtained from artichoke(A), banana(B) and luffa(L) stem waste fibers(F) by the in-situ polymerization of 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT), pyrrole, and carbazole in the presence of cerium ammonium nitrate, iron nitrate, and iron chloride. Fibers were coated with the conductive polymers mentioned above by the in-situ chemical(C) polymerization and optimum coating conditions were investigated. Effect of EDOT concentration, oxidant concentration was performed to determine the optimum conditions for AF/PEDOT(C). FT-IR, SEM, thermal analysis supported the formation of composite and from the mechanical measurements, modulus of AF/PEDOT(C) was obtained. The highest conductivity of 12.8 S/cm was obtained from AF/PEDOT(C) composite using FeCl3 as an oxidant. Further polymerization of EDOT by electrochemical(E) method was continued on the AF/PEDOT(C) and the electroactivity of resulting electrochemical composite, AF/PEDOT(C)/PEDOT(E) was characterized accordingly. Detailed characterization showed that to use of this composite as a capacitor, one should use 0.03 M EDOT and 0.9 M FeCl3 for chemical polymerization and then continued by electropolymerization by applying 10 cycles in 0.03 M EDOT. All results showed that AF waste could be converted to the valuable AF/PEDOT(C)/PEDOT(E) conductive composites which is potentially suitable material for several electronic applications as charge storage, biosensor, electronic devices.

Practical synthesis of triptycene trisquinone

A practical approach to the synthesis of triptycene trisquinone (TT) (9,10-dihydro-9,10[1′,2′]-benzenoanthracene-1,4,5,8,13,16-hexone) is reported. To prepare the Diels-Alder adduct, which is a key intermediate that is converted to TT via an oxidation reaction, 1,4,5,8-tetramethoxyanthracene was synthesized via efficient multi-step reactions from a commercial compound. In addition, a two-step reaction involving the reduction of the adduct followed by subsequent oxidation using sodium dichromate was found to be more effective in the synthesis of TT than the direct oxidation of the adduct using ceric ammonium nitrate.

Fabrication of novel carbon dots/cerium oxide nanocomposites for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of doxorubicin

In the current study, carbon dots/cerium oxide (CDs/CeO2) nanocomposites-modified screen printed carbon electrode, SPCE (CDs/CeO2/SPCE) was developed for the highly sensitive and selective detection of doxorubicin (DOX), an anticancer drug. Here, firstly we have synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) from ammonium cerium nitrate and urea by simple refluxing, and then CDs were synthesized by using taurine (an essential amino acid) via thermal decomposition method. After that CDs/CeO2 nanocomposites have been synthesized with different wt% of CDs (0.5–5 wt%) via a facile hydrothermal method. The synthesized nanocomposites exhibited higher efficiency towards the electrochemical detection of DOX as compared to bare CeO2NPs and CDs by promoting electron transfer reaction at SPCE surface with increasing amount of CDs. The 5 wt% nanocomposite (CDs-5.0/CeO2) showed the highest oxidation response towards DOX (20 μM) at an optimized pH of 5. The cyclic voltammograms revealed that CDs-5.0/CeO2/SPCE sensing system exhibited a linear response (correlation coefficient, R2 = 0.98) between oxidation peak current and DOX concentration in the range of 0.2–20 μM, with a low detection limit of 0.09 μM. Moreover, the modified CDs-5.0/CeO2/SPCE sensor exhibited superior selectivity towards DOX in the presence of common interferents. This work demonstrated that the novel CDs/CeO2/SPCE sensor can be effectively applied to detect DOX in pharmaceutical samples or in biological fluids.

Colloidal polypyrrole as binder for silicon anode in lithium ion batteries

AbstractSilicon (Si)‐based anodes have limited application in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to the loss of contact with current collector because of large volume change during lithiation and delithiation processes. In this study, pyrrole (Py) was polymerized chemically by cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and conductive colloidal polypyrrole (Col‐PPy) was obtained in one step in N,N′‐dimethylformamide (DMF). To overcome problems during the volume change, Col‐PPy was then used as polymeric binder with Si nanoparticle (SiNP) in Si‐anode and it called as “Col‐PPy/SiNP.” In order to improve the cyclability and capacity of Si‐anodes, Col‐PPy solution was used also together with polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). These Si‐anodes were further analyzed with cycle tests and combined cycle tests at different rates (C‐rate) in half cells and scanning electron microscopy images of electrodes were taken before and after cycling. All results suggested that as an anode for LIB, Col‐PPy/SiNP exhibited high reversible capacity (2617 mAh/g at C/10 [0.42 A/g]) and good cycling performance (reversible capacity of 1400 mAh/g after 189 cycles at C/3 [1.4 A/g]).

Photo-curable carboxymethylcellulose composite hydrogel as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications

A series of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was successfully synthesized for producing of CMC-g-GMA copolymer. Water-soluble CMC-g-GMA copolymer was photo-crosslinked while Irgacure-2959 was used as a UV-photo-initiator at 365 nm. On the other hand, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from sugarcane were graft-copolymerized in an aqueous solution utilizing cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator in a redox-initiated free-radical approach. CNCs were grafted with GMA to enhance their physicochemical and biological characteristics. Factors affecting hydrogel formation, e.g. CMC-g-GMA copolymer concentration, irradiation time and incorporation of different concentration of CNCs-g-GMA nano-filler, were discussed in dependance on the swelling degree and gel fraction of the produced hydrogels. Notably, the addition of CNCs-g-GMA nanofillers increased progressively thermal stability of the prepared hydrogel. CMC-g-GMA filled with CNCs-g-GMA composite hydrogel showed antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistance pathogens. Thus, CMC-g-GMA filled with CNCs-g-GMA composite hydrogel could be endorsed as compatible biomaterials for versatile biomedical applications.

Advancement of the Cleavage Methods of Carbohydrate-derived Isopropylidene and Cyclohexylidene Ketals

Abstract:Carbohydrates, amino acids, and nucleosides, the fundamental building blocks of complex biomolecules in nature, are essential starting materials for the fabrication of natural and unnatural structural entities, which necessitate the masking and demasking of various functional groups with the utmost chemoselectivity, mildness, and efficiency to avoid unintended bond breaking and formation, as well as associated reactions. Ketals, benzylidene, methoxymethyl, p-methoxybenzyl, silyl ethers, trityl, tert-butyl carbamate, and other functional groups are widely used in modern organic synthesis. In carbohydrate chemistry, the commonly used protecting functionality of isopropylidene and cyclohexylidene ketals necessitates effective methods for selective cleavage. This review summarises different methods for deblocking isopropylidene and cyclohexylidene ketals using inorganic acids, Lewis acid, silica- supported inorganic acids, Amberlite-120 (H+) resin, phosphotungstic acid, Nafion-H, NaBArF4.2H2O, montmorillonite clay, Dowex 50W-X8, camphorsulphonic acid (CSA), ceric ammonium nitrate, molecular iodine, ionic liquids, zeolites and so on.

Development and performance evaluation of a novel environmentally friendly adsorbent for waste water-based drilling fluids

Abstract Adsorbent is an important waste water-based drilling fluid treatment agent, which can adsorb and settle heavy metal ions, high polymer organics, and other soluble harmful substances in the waste drilling fluid. Traditional adsorbents such as polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide will produce other metal ions or toxic monomers after hydrolysis, which cannot fully meet the requirements of safety and environmental protection. Therefore, a new environmentally friendly waste water-based drilling fluid adsorbent, named RH-β-CD, was prepared by the Wilson etherification reaction, which was initiated by epichlorohydrin and ceric ammonium nitrate, and successfully grafted rhamnolipid and amine strong adsorption groups onto β-cyclodextrin. The adsorption effect and environmental protection performance of RH-β-CD on the organic matter and chromium ion in waste sulfonated water-based drilling fluid were evaluated and compared with commonly used adsorbents such as activated carbon, PAM, and polyaluminum chloride. The results show that RH-β-CD can effectively adsorb the organic matter in the filtrate of waste water-based drilling fluids, reduce its chemical oxygen consumption, and reduce the concentration of heavy metal ions in the filtrate. The effect is better than PAM, activated carbon, and polyaluminum chloride, with the BOD5/CODcr &gt;20% and EC50 &gt;1,000,000 mg·L−1, which is environmentally friendly.

Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Promoted Oxidative Coupling of Terminal Alkynes and 1,3-Keto Esters: A Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 1,1,2-Triacylalkenes

AbstractUnsymmetrical 1,1,2-triacylalkenes were conveniently prepared by the oxidative coupling of 1,3-keto esters with terminal alkynes by employing 4.0 equivalents of inexpensive ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as the oxidant in acetonitrile as the solvent at 0 °C. The method is milder than previously reported methods and can be conducted under air, thereby demonstrating its practicality and versatility for preparing these useful building blocks. The reaction is believed to occur by a single-electron-transfer process of the 1,3-keto ester substrate initiated by CAN to generate an α-radical species that quickly adds to the terminal alkyne partner in the reaction. Subsequent oxidation of the resulting vinyl radical by air and CAN then leads to the formation of the triacylalkene product as a mixture of E- and Z-isomers. The reaction was shown to be general, with 27 illustrative examples of the formation of the desired products in up to quantitative yield and with moderate to excellent alkene geometrical selectivities.

Characterization of Microwave-Controlled Polyacrylamide Graft Copolymer of Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide.

The main objective of the study was to prepare tamarind seed polysaccharide grafted copolymers of polyacrylamide (TSP-g-Am) using a 32 factorial design. Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) was extracted, and grafted copolymer of TSP was prepared using polyacrylamide as copolymer and ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator. Various batches (F1-F9) of TSP-g-Am were prepared, among which F1 showed highest grafting efficiency; hence, the prepared TSP-g-Am (F1) was evaluated for grafting efficiency, conversion, effect of initiator and further characterized using SEM analysis, contact angle determination, DSC analysis, swelling index, swelling and deswelling, and chemical resistance. The contact angle of TSP was found to be 81 ± 2, and that of TSP-g-Am (F1) was found to be 74 ± 2, which indicates that the wetting ability of the grafted copolymer was less than that of the native polymer. The results of thermal analysis indicated that TSP-g-Am had a more stable molecular structure than TSP. The morphology of the grafted polymer was observed from SEM images, and it was observed that the particles was asymmetrical. Antimicrobial activity was also found in the grafted copolymer. The present study concludes that the TSP-g-Am showed an excellent performance in thermal stability and swelling capacity compared with TSP. The detailed structural characteristics, as well as the excellent thermal stability and swelling capacities, will make it beneficial to use the synthesised copolymer as a precursor for the production of large-scale eco-friendly advanced materials with a wide range of applications, acting as a stabiliser, thickener, binder, release retardant, modifier, suspending agent, viscosity enhancer, emulsifying agent, or carrier for novel drug delivery systems in oral, buccal, colon, and ocular systems, and in nanofabrication and wound dressing, and it is also becoming an important part of food, cosmetics, confectionery, and bakery.

Chitosan-Graft-Polyacrylamide Based Release Systems: Effect of pH and Crosslinking

This study covers the synthesis and release behavior of chitosan-graft-polyacrylamide copolymers in aqueous media at different pH values. The copolymers were synthesized using redox polymerization with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in 1% aqueous acetic acid solution as the initiator. Optimum condition for the graft copolymer synthesis was determined as 3.85 g/L chitosan, 0.27 M acrylamide (AAm) monomer at 40 °C with a CAN per gram chitosan as 6 mmol using 0.05 M stock solution in 0.1 N HNO3. Then the crosslinked copolymers were synthesized using methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker varying mass proportions of AAm:MBA as 15:1, 20:1, and 30:1. Obtained material amount (polymer yield) and molecular weight of crosslinked copolymers were lower than the graft copolymer as expected. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) release behaviors of all copolymers were monitored with UV-visible spectroscopy at different pH values (2, 6, and 8.5) corresponding to different media in the body (stomach, skin, and intestine, respectively). According to the results, the release behavior changed the least among the samples with respect to medium pH and of was the most affected.