Amla Fruit Research Articles

Fresh Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) Fruit Supplementation Enhances Milk Fatty Acid Profiles and the Antioxidant Capacities of Milk and Blood in Dairy Cows

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a diet supplemented with fresh amla fruit as a natural feed additive on blood metabolic parameters, milk antioxidant capacity, and milk fatty acid (FA) proportions in lactating dairy cows. Eight ruminally cannulated mid-lactation dairy cows were used in a repeated crossover design. The first group of four cows received total mixed ration (TMR) feed without fresh amla fruit (control group). The remaining four cows sequentially supplemented fresh amla fruit (FAF) at three levels (200, 400, then 600 g/d) (treatment group) at 14-day intervals. In second period, control and treatment groups were exchanged. The first ten days were adjusted to diet adaptation for each sub-period, and the last four days for sampling milk and blood. A total of 514 metabolites were detected from FAF using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The five main metabolites in FAF were phenolic acids (22%), flavonoids (20%), lipids (20%), amino acids and derivatives (9%), and tannins (7%). Amla fruit supplementation reduced total saturated fatty acid and the omega-6/omega-3 ratio at 200 or 400 g/d FAF dose compared to controls. In addition, amla fruit increased unsaturated FA, such as C20:5 (Eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) and C22:6 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA), and branched-chain FA in a dose-dependent manner at 200 or 400 g/d compared to controls. In addition, amla fruit increased the antioxidant capacity biomarkers in the blood, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and albumin; this confirms that amla fruit is an excellent antioxidant, inhibiting reactive oxygen species’ (ROS) metabolism, and can thereby protect cells from oxidative stress. Moreover, the most remarkable improvement of ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in milk was recorded at 400 g/d FAF doses compared to controls. Therefore, fresh amla fruit doses for lactating cows at 400 g/d on an as-fed basis can be used as an alternative additive feed in dairy cow diets to improve antioxidant capacity, protein efficiency, butter quality, and to produce more desirable milk fatty acid profiles for human consumption.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Baby Shampoo

Shampoos are most probably used as cosmetics. In general, hair care products are used for cleaning scalp and also used for beautifying agents. It contains suitable additives preservatives and active ingredients. The purpose of using shampoo is to remove dirt that is build up on the hair without stripping out much of this bum. The herbal shampoo popularized due to formulated from herbal sources which is safer with milder effect. In this study, herbal shampoo was formulated containing suitable ingredient such as Lawsonia inermis (L) Henna), Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Neem), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L (Hibiscus), Ficus benghalensis L. (Banyan), Phyllanthus emblica L. (Amla), Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. (Ritha), Senegalia rugata (Lam.) Britton & Rose. (Shikakai) and Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. (Aloe vera) different proportions to formulate and evaluate its physicochemical properties. Marketed crude products of the above-mentioned herbal drugs were used in the formulation of herbal shampoo. Ritha and Shikakai when shaken with water create rich foam impact. Amla fruit and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flowers are used to promote hair growth, anti-dandruff agent, strengthen hairs, and prevent hair fall. Dried roots of Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) produce Lustrous effects on hairs. H. rosa-sinensis flower and Aloe vera (L) used as a conditioning agent and also moisturizing agent. The formulated herbal shampoo was evaluated for its physical and chemical stability.

Influence of amla (Emblica officinalis L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) supplementation on haemato-biochemical profile in Goat kids

This study aimed at ascertaining the effect of amla (Emblica officinalis L.) fruit powder and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seed supplementation on haemato-biochemical profile of growing goat kids. For this, 24 healthy uncastrated male kids (age: 4–6 m; mean body weight: 7.49 ± 1.04 kg) were distributed into four groups of six each through a randomized block design. All the kids were fed with a basal diet comprising of concentrate mixture and wheat straw in proportion of 60:40. Additionally, the ration of the kids of group T1 contained no supplement (control), whereas, those of groups T2, T3 and T4 contained 3% amla, 3% fenugreek, and 1.5% amla plus 1.5% fenugreek seeds, respectively on a dry basis. Results of 240 days of feeding trial revealed that haematological parameters measured as haemoglobin and packed cell volume as well as blood metabolites such as glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase did not differ across various dietary treatments. Therefore, it was concluded that supplementation of amla and fenugreek did not influence any of the analysed blood parameters related to energy, protein and fat metabolism, and thus proving safe for use as natural feed additives in goat husbandry.

Impacts of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) fruit extract on growth, skin mucosal and serum immunities, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) raised under biofloc system

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) fruit extract (AFE) on the growth, skin mucosal and serum immunity, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Streptococcus agalactiae. Three hundred fish (10.48 ± 0.56 g fish-1) were distributed in 15 tanks with 20 fish per tank and fed basal diet supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg kg-1 AFE for eight weeks. The completed randomized design with three replications was applied. Growth performance, peroxidase, alternative complement, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst activities were determined at weeks 4 and 8. The challenge study was conducted at the end of the experiment. Based on the results, Nile tilapia fed the AFE diets significantly enhanced skin mucus lysozyme and peroxidase activities (P ≤ 0.05) post-feeding. The highest levels were observed in the group that received 20 mg kg-1 of AFE (P ≤ 0.05), whereas the control group presented the lowest levels of lysosome and peroxidase activities. Similarly, incorporation of 20 mg kg-1 of AFE brought about the maximum levels of (P ≤ 0.05) serum lysozyme, peroxidase, alternative complement, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst activities in contrast to the other treatments; whereas fish fed the control diet generated the lowest immune parameter values (P ≤ 0.05). In the challenge study, the Nile tilapia’s relative percent survival (RPS) was 52.38%, 61.90%, 80.95%, and 47.62% in Diet 2, Diet 3, Diet 4, and Diet 5, respectively. Fish fed 20 mg kg-1 AFE showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher RPS, as well as the highest resistance towards S. agalactiae. The inclusion of AFE for 8 weeks resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) enhancement of growth parameters, with the highest growth rate observed in the 20 mg kg-1 AFE group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 20 mg AFE kg-1 may be used as a growth promoter and immunostimulant in Nile tilapia aquaculture.

Production of bioethanol from amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.)

On account of the increasing demand for valuable herbal products, an attempt was made to produce a functional fermented Ethanol from Amla. This study investigates the potential of ethanol production from Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn). In the present study, Amla juice was extracted, filtered, fermented and it shows a suitable medium for the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on yeast peptone dextrose medium for the production of ethanol. Ethanol was separated by fractional distillation and then estimated at 4, 6, 8 and 10 days of the fermentation process by iodometric method for 30oC. The ethanol percentage estimated by the iodometric titration method was high on the 10th day, and it was found to be 1.63 gm% compared to all days. So, the outcome of this study reveals that amla fruit can be used as a crucial constituent for the yield of ethanol with a higher commercial value.

Production of bioethanol from amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.)

On account of the increasing demand for valuable herbal products, an attempt was made to produce a functional fermented Ethanol from Amla. This study investigates the potential of ethanol production from Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn). In the present study, Amla juice was extracted, filtered, fermented and it shows a suitable medium for the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on yeast peptone dextrose medium for the production of ethanol. Ethanol was separated by fractional distillation and then estimated at 4, 6, 8 and 10 days of the fermentation process by iodometric method for 30oC. The ethanol percentage estimated by the iodometric titration method was high on the 10th day, and it was found to be 1.63 gm% compared to all days. So, the outcome of this study reveals that amla fruit can be used as a crucial constituent for the yield of ethanol with a higher commercial value.

Entropy-Aided Assessment of Amla (Emblica officinalis) Quality Using Principal Component Analysis

The texture analysis-based scheme for identifying non-consumable amla fruit (Emblica officinalis) samples is proposed here. The method uses entropy analysis to detect wrinkles and irregularities developed on the fruit surface with progression in time. Since entropy is one of the major tools used to detect the randomness of data, it is used here to identify these surface irregularities, which are almost absent in fresh samples. Based on these features, the edibility of the samples is predicted. Principal component analysis (PCA) further analyzes these entropy features to enhance the most important directions of variations, followed by a threshold-based segmentation scheme to detect rotten samples. The method possesses less computational burden as it applies PCA and entropy only; it is highly efficient to yield a high detection accuracy of 93.33%; hence, it is easy for real-life implementation.

Evaluation of anti-lipid peroxidation and cytotoxic activity in the methanolic extracts of Hibiscus and Amla

Hibiscus and Amla are the most locally available medicinal plants in India. Hibiscus flowers and leaves are used as skin and hair products, and Amla fruit has been operating as a traditional medicine to treat many diseases. Both plant materials have an excellent value in the field of ayurvedic medicines in India. In this present study, Hibiscus and Amla were tested for anti-lipid peroxidation and cytotoxic activity. The extracts were prepared by the solvent extraction method, and Methanol was used as the solvent. The egg yolk was used to evaluate the anti-lipid peroxidation, TBARS assay, and the in-vitro cytotoxic study performed against UMR 106 cell lines, and MTT was used to estimate the cell growth. The result of the TBARS assay for the Amla and Hibiscus methanolic extracts had shown IC50 values of 3.97µg/ml and 7.03µg/ml, respectively, in which Amla has shown significant results when compared with Hibiscus. In the development of MTT assay, sample Hibiscus showed an EC50 value of 64.74% proliferation in UMR106 cells, whereas Sample Amla did not show significant proliferation; hence EC50 was not calculated. The result concludes that the Amla has good anti-lipid peroxidation activity, whereas the Hibiscus flower has less cytotoxic property.

Potential Use of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) Fruit Extract to Protect Skin Keratinocytes from Inflammation and Apoptosis after UVB Irradiation.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure is the primary risk factor for the deadliest type of skin cancer—melanoma. Incorporating natural antioxidants in skin protection products is currently a favored research theme. For this study, we selected Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit extract (PE) to assess its potential use in dermal protection against UVB-induced keratinocyte inflammation and apoptosis. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to investigate PE’s phytochemical constituents (ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin), while ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), total ROS, OH•, O2•−, and H2O2-scavenging activities were used to determine the antioxidant properties. PE significantly increased the cell viability (MTT assay) and reduced apoptosis (Hoechst staining) in HaCaT cells exposed to UVB (40 mJ/cm2). PE abolished oxidative stress by reducing the production of intracellular ROS, O2•− and H2O2 production. Catalase activity (but not superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase activity) was enhanced in keratinocytes incubated with PE prior to UVB exposure. Western blot analysis suggested that PE inhibited cytochrome c release and inhibited the dysregulation of PI3K/Akt without any impact on p38 activation. PE attenuated the inflammatory response to UVB irradiation by inhibiting AP-1, NF-κB, and the mediator PGE2. Thus, PE is a candidate with great potential for use as an active ingredient in skin care products.

Intermittent Fasting on the Ekadashi Day and the Role of Spiritual Nutrition

Intermittent Fasting (IF) has been practiced for centuries with the belief of wellbeing getting restored. The so-called restoration of internal milieu by calorie free periods is believed in many religions. The Muslims practise the night-only-feeds of Ramzan, the Christians in a few selected days of a week and the Hindus fasting every fifteen days on the day of Ekadashi1. Ekadashi is a Sanskrit word, which literally means 'the eleventh'. It actually refers to the eleventh day of a fortnight and hence there are two such days in a lunar month. After the full calorie free day, there are certain prescribed foods and nutrients to be taken the next day of Dwadashi among which amla fruit and agathi keerai leaves are necessarily taken as a starter before actual full-fledged refeeding. There are a few specific ingredients in these foods which make them ideal to break a fasting session2. As these days are associated with the Hindu deities such nutrition can be designed as spiritual nutrition. Such additives to routine diet may help overcome the problems of refeeding. In this review we have attempted to define the scientific basis of fasting during Ekadashi and the reasoning behind the initial administration of agathi keerai leaves and amla fruits before the intake of routine diet on the following day.i.e. Dwadashi. We tried to look for scientific evidences behind such fortnightly fasting and the specialized feeds on the next day and kept them as objectives of this special review

Formulation and characterization of gallic acid and quercetin chitosan nanoparticles for sustained release in treating colorectal cancer

Cancer was ranked as the second leading cause of death, and colon cancer is recognized as third most common cancer worldwide with high morbidity and mortality. Chemotherapeutic drugs act on normal and cancerous cells similarly; therefore, they have various adverse side effects. The present study was undertaken synergistic effect of anticancer phytochemicals gallic acid isolated from amla fruit and quercetin isolated from peels of pomegranate fruit incorporated into chitosan have been used as nanoplatform for the targeted delivery to colorectal cancer. The study was evaluated using cytotoxic assay such as MTT assay and in-vivo studies were performed on DMH induced colorectal cancer in Wistar rats. Identification of the biomolecules was performed by using different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, as 1H NMR, GC-MS, LC-MS, and HPTLC. Characterization of chitosan (CS) nanoparticles carried out by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), entrapment efficiency and In vitro drug release confirmed successful encapsulation of biomolecules into nanoparticles. A significant change in aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in CS nanoparticles compared to polyherbal extract were observed, with a decrease in the colonic glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels and values differed significantly (P < 0.005).

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HERBAL TABLETS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DENGUE

Tablets are used as formulation and are prepared by using plant extracts i.e., Carica papaya and Embelica officinalis. These tablets were prepared by using wet granulation method. In this article the extract of leaves of Carica papaya and fruits of Embelica officinalis were used for making herbal tablets. Extracts of leaves of Carica papaya was obtained by cold extraction and through maceration method and the extract of fruits of Embelica officinalis was obtained by maceration process. Both extracts were dried and mixed. These extracts were then impregnated with the excipients like diluents, binding agents, super disintegrating agent, lubricants, etc. to make granules. These granules were then evaluated by using various parameters like Angle of repose, tapped density, bulk density, Carr’s Index, Hausner’s Ratio and void volume. These granules were then used for the making of tablets of desired size and shape by punching in the machine. After preparation of the tablets their evaluation parameters were studied like physical appearance, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, hardness test and thickness. Also the parameters for the acceptance of the tablets is also done like flavor and sweetness. Recent studies have shown that herbal extract of leaves of papaya has beneficial effect as an anti-inflammatory agent, for its wound healing properties, anti-tumor as well as Immunomodulatory effects and as an antioxidant. Amla fruit is a rich natural source of vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) and contains 600-750 mg/100 g of the fresh pulp. Also it is rich in minerals matters like phosphorus, iron and calcium. Amla is used as an Immunomodulatory agent and hence enhance the immunity of the patient. Aim of the study is to design develop and optimize the dosage form to cure dengue and is based on the use of natural plant ingredients to intermingle with chemical as well as synthetic ingredients to develop an effective unit dosage forms for better patient compliance. KEYWORDS: Papaya, Amla, Extracts, Herbal tablet, Dengue, Immunomodulatory, Platelets.

Chitosan and glyceryl monooleate nanostructures containing gallic acid isolated from amla fruit: targeted delivery system

Gallic acid, active constituent of amla fruit its natural abundance with beneficial multi actions in body make them attractive for clinical applications. In present study, we focused on extracting, separating and characterizing gallic acid from amla and further formulated into chitosan nanoparticles, so bring it to increase its aqueous solubility and thereby bioactivity. Gallic acid nanoparticles were prepared by using poloxamer 407, chitosan and Glyceryl Monooleate (GMO) using probe sonicator and high pressure homogenization method. Prepared nanoparticles were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, DSC, XRD, SEM, entrapment efficiency, loading content, in-vitro release and stability study. They showed approximately 76.80% encapsulation of gallic acid with average size of 180.8 ± 0.21 nm, and zeta potential +24.2 mV. The cumulative in vitro drug release upto 24 hrs 77.16% was achieved suggesting that from all our findings, it can be concluded that work will facilitate extraction, design and fabrication of nanoparticles for protection and sustained release of gallic acid particularly to colonic region.

Effect of drying temperature on the moisture loss, acidity and characteristics of Amla fruit

This study investigated the effect of drying conditions on the Amla fruit. Experiment is conducted using a lab-scale oven dryer at temperature 40 °C and 50 °C. Amla slices were dried with a thickness of 0.5 cm and length 0.1 cm. The dried products were evaluated with moisture loss and acidity. The results showed that the temperature greatly influences the moisture content, acidity, and the dried product's microscopic. The moisture loss at the drying temperature of 50 °C was higher than 40 °C. Meanwhile, the acidity of dried Amla powder produced at a drying temperature of 40 °C was higher than 50 °C. Based on X-ray diffractometer analysis, the microstructure of Amla was crystalline-amorphous. Results of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis showed O-H, C-O, and C=O forms that indicated polyphenols, pectin, and ascorbic acid compounds in Amla fruit. Oven dryer temperatures had significant effects on the microstructure based on scanning electron microscope analysis.

First report on black spot disease of Phyllanthus emblica L. fruits caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa in Bangladesh

Fruit spot disease of Phyllanthus emblica L. is one of theproblems, which reduce the quality of the fruits at pre-harvest period. Fungal pathogen was isolated using tissue planting methods during November 2016 to December 2017. The fungus, Thielaviopsis paradoxa was identified using both morphological and molecular characterization based on internal transcribe spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Mycelial growth of the isolated fungus was evaluated on six different fungal culture media viz, potato sucrose agar (PSA), Richard agar (RA), carrot agar (CA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), honey peptone agar (HPA) and Hansen’s agar (HA) in which RA and HPA media provided the utmost growth. The optimum temperature of the fungus was recorded at 25 to 35ºC. Alternate cycle of 12h/12h light dark and neutral to basic pH was preferred by the studied fungus. Aqueous crude extracts of three plants (garlic, black cumin, and turmeric) were evaluated against the isolated fungus in which the highest inhibition was recorded due to garlic extract. Two food preservatives (sodium benzoate and vinegar) were also tested in which sodium benzoate (100 mM) was most efficient for the inhibition of T. paradoxa. Therefore, garlic and food preservative-sodium benzoate could be used to control this fungal growth associated with amla fruits. To the best of our knowledge, occurrence of T. paradoxa on amla fruits is a new record in Bangladesh.&#x0D; Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(2): 38-46, December 2020

Antioxidant effect of Amla (Emblica Officinalis) fruit and curry (Murraya Koenijii) leaf extracts on quality of goat meat nuggets

Antioxidant potential of amla fruit (AF) and curry leaf (CL) extracts were determined and their effects were evaluated on the quality and storage stability of goat meat nuggets. The four different treatments were control (no antioxidants), butylated hydroxytoluene nuggets (100 ppm BHT), AF nuggets (2% amla fruit powder extract) and CL nuggets (2% curry leaves powder extract). The total phenolic content was higher in AF extract, whereas the total flavonoid content was higher in CL extract. On chromatographic evaluation of AF and CL extracts showed presence of 14 and 11 phenolic compounds, respectively. Physico-chemical properties of treatments did not differ significantly, except AF extract had lower (P<0.05) emulsion pH and stability. The addition of antioxidants increased the total phenolics significantly (P<0.05) in order of AF nuggets > CL nuggets > BHT nuggets > control. Clnuggets had significantly lower (P<0.05) Hunter redness and yellowness values. The incorporation of antioxidants improved (P<0.05) textural and sensory properties of AF and CL nuggets. Antioxidants in the formulation significantly decreased (P<0.05) the oxidation during refrigerated storage. AF and CL extracts performed better than BHT. Thus, natural AF and CL extracts can be used in the place of chemical BHT to improve antioxidant potential of goat meat nuggets.

Formulation of Herbal Shampoo against Head Louse (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer)

Background: Natural herbal shampoos are appealing to the consumers as they contain natural herbs without any harmful effects. The shampoo is used to remove dirt or other debris from hairs. Natural herbs are used in a herbal shampoo, which becomes more beneficial, safe, or efficacious than synthetic ones. Aim: The present study aims to formulate and evaluate a herbal shampoo containing various herbal extracts for anti-lice activity. Materials and Methods: Natural herbs such as neem, hibiscus, henna leaves, amla fruit and reetha epicarp are the components of the natural herbal shampoos used in this study. Soxhlet apparatus was used for water-based extraction of these natural herbs, whereas the maceration process was used for alcohol-based extraction. Nine formulations were prepared and evaluated by using different parameters like physical appearance, viscosity, surface tension, foam volume, pH, solid content, dirt dispersion and wetting time. Results: All nine shampoo formulations were successfully prepared at the pH range of 5.86-6.06. The physical appearance was observed to be between light brown to greenish-brown for F1 to F9 batches. The viscosity of the formulations was found to be between 1.05±0.011 to 0.96±0.011. Mortality of head lice (Lethal time (LT50)) for all the formulations was found in the range of 7.5 min- 52.5 min. Formulation F5 was found to be the best in the context of all the parameters. Formulation F5 showed good foaming property. The wetting ability was found to be good due to reduced surface tension (33.05±0.86); solid content was found to be 1.74% so that it would be easy to wash out from the hair. Conclusion: All the shampoo formulations showed good quality and could be used safely and effectively. These formulations also showed anti-lice activity so they can be used for the problem of head lice.

Effects of different maturity stages on antioxidant attributes of indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.)

Amla is Indian traditional medicinal plant with diverse and potent therapeutic potential. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the levels of total polyphenols as well as antioxidant potential at three different ripening stages (un-ripe, semi-ripe and fully-ripe) of amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit. The antioxidant ability of amla fruit extract was assessed by using in-vitro antioxidant assays that are DPPH, ABTS scavenging assay and total antioxidant capacity. Overall, fruit at the fully mature stage (S3) exhibited the highest levels of TPC, TFC, ABTS, DPPH and radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity, followed by the intermediate (S2) and immature (S1) stages. The results showed that different stages of maturation had profound effects on the antioxidant activity of amla fruit. Keyword: Amla, Antioxidant, Total phenolic and flavonoid, Immature, Intermediate and mature

Studies on bioactive components retention in sugar based amla products

Amla fruit is known for its antioxidant activity (Vitamin C) and medicinal properties. Value added products make the fruit available throughout the year and helps to promote the use of amla among the public. Hence an attempt was made to standardized sweet based products viz.,jam, squash and jelly with different treatments. The prepared amla products were standardized on the basis of sensory evaluation. The bio active components and sensory evaluation of amla products were analysed during storage period. The shelflife studies of amla jam, squash and jelly were also done at room temperature and it has more shelflife with high organoleptic scores.

Antibacterial activity of selected plants extract against pathogenic bacteria and detection of phytochemicals

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the antibacterial activity of selected plants extract against Gram- positive and Gram- negative pathogenic bacteria. Methodology: Extracts of neem leaf (Azadirachta indica), rose petal (Rosa indica), amla fruit (Emblica officinalis) and clove buds (Syzygium aromaticum) were prepared in different solvents. Antibacterial activity against selected microorganisms was assayed using agar cup diffusion method, thereby measuring the zone of inhibition. The extracts with higher zone of inhibition were run on Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) plates. The presence of phytochemicals was detected using iodine fumigation method followed by contact bioautography. Results: The extracts of neem leaf, rose petal, amla fruit and clove bud prepared in solvents like acetone, ethanol and ethyl acetate showed higher antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium in agar cup diffusion assay. TLC separation of the extract of plant products showed dark brown bands of phytochemicals on silica-gel G 60 plate. Contact bioautography results showed maximum antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Interpretation: The results of the present study provide scientific evidence for the traditional uses of Azadirachta indica, Rosa indica, Emblica officinalis and Syzygium aromaticum.