Alternative Ideas Research Articles

An Experimental Investigation of Alternative Ideas of Force in Autistic Adolescents

An Experimental Investigation of Alternative Ideas of Force in Autistic Adolescents

Feminist futures? Gender and nation in the pro-independence left in Catalonia

This article explores how a feminist approach to politics can resonate within a nation-building project in Catalonia against the backdrop of rising transnational anti-feminist right-wing populism in Europe. Feminism and nationalism have often been presented as oppositional, and nationalist struggles have been considered to further patriarchal regimes. However, nation-building can also be an opportunity to think of feminist alternative futures. The article explores the role of feminism in the political project of the pro-independence Catalan left (Esquerra Independentista), and exposes internal tensions and difficulties in aiming to achieve both independence and feminism in an emancipated Catalonia. Esquerra Independentista adopt two distinctive strategies of feminist politics: the promotion of the indivisibility of social, gender and national struggles (independence, socialism, feminism), and an embodied politics that centralises women’s political agency as a political tool. However, Esquerra Independentista’s proposals for a socialist and feminist future are fragile and limited by internal tensions between the prevalence of masculinist models of doing politics on one hand, and on the other hand, alternative ideas about the strategic importance of class, gender and national oppressions.

Geographies of COVID‐19

Geographies of COVID‐19

Political compromises: A double edge sword

Political compromises: A double edge sword Associate Professor Mariken A.C.G. van der Velden at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam discusses how political compromises can hinder affect a functioning democracy. Key to a functioning representative democracy is political parties competing based on alternative policy ideas to improve society during campaigning periods and the very same political parties cooperating outside these campaign times. While this holds for all forms of democracy, the tension between conflict and cooperation is particularly acute in Europe's multiparty democracies with coalition governments.

Call for Papers: “Environmental Justice and Psychology: Alternative Ideas on Environmental Issues”

Call for Papers: “Environmental Justice and Psychology: Alternative Ideas on Environmental Issues”A Topical Issue of International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, ConsultationErinn Cameron, Luca Tateo, and Gonzalo BacigalupeErinn CameronDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USASchool of Psychology, Fielding Graduate University, Santa Barbara, CA, USASearch for more papers by this author, Luca TateoDepartment of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, NorwaySearch for more papers by this author, and Gonzalo BacigalupeDepartment of Counseling and School Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USACreaSur, Universidad de Concepción, ChileSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:April 12, 2023https://doi.org/10.1027/2157-3891/a000077PDFView Full Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInReddit SectionsMoreFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Special Issue: Building an Equitable Global Psychology – Giving Voice to Indigenous Psychology in Southeast AsiaVolume 12Issue 2April 2023ISSN: 2157-3883eISSN: 2157-3891 InformationInternational Perspectives in Psychology (2023), 12, pp. 132-133 https://doi.org/10.1027/2157-3891/a000077.© 2023Hogrefe PublishingPDF download

Nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling under higher-order dispersion

We studied nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling under the effect of higher-order dispersion, transformed the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation with higher-order dispersion terms into a nonlinear two-energy level form using a two-mode approximation, and comprehensively analyzed the loop structure of the lowest-energy band and the nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling. The results show that, when third-order dispersion coefficient is not zero, there is a spatial inversion symmetry breaking of the energy band structure and unbalanced Landau-Zener tunneling. By analyzing the fixed point's nature of the classical Hamiltonian, we obtain a law for the variation of the loop structure and adiabatic tunneling probability with the dispersion coefficient, consistent with our numerical analysis results. In addition, we analyzed the real-time evolution of solitons with transverse bias and observed the tunneling phenomenon. Consistent with our analysis, the adjustment of the dispersion term can effectively control optical tunneling, which provides an alternative idea for optical switching.

It’s (not) just a matter of terminology: Everyday understanding of “mass panic” and alternative terms

Although the idea of mass panic is quite common in reports on accidents involving crowds, most experts consider it to be erroneous. In a nutshell, they argue that panic and animalistic behavior of humans are not the main causes of crowd accidents, but that it is rather an organizational issue. However, few of the existing studies have addressed the question of what lay people associate with the term. With our mixed-method study, we sought to shed light on people’s underlying ideas and assumptions about mass panic. Additionally, we were interested in how these ideas change using two alternative terms, namely “mass accident” and “mass disaster”. Results showed that participants in the questionnaire (N = 282) and interview (N = 17) study indeed strongly associated the term “mass panic” with irrational and selfish behavior, and less with orderly behavior. In addition to the organizers, people in the crowd were seen as responsible for such accidents. Besides, most actions judged appropriate to defuse the situation were related to the advice “Don’t panic”. Deviating from the concept, however, it was indicated that helping behavior can be found in critical situations. The questionnaire in which participants only saw one of the three terms revealed no change in the everyday understanding with the alternative terms. Nevertheless, interviewees found their own “mass panic explanation” insufficient but also had no alternative ideas of what causes such accidents. Therefore, replacing the problematic concept of mass panic requires not only alternative terms, but also the dissemination of scientific explanations.

The American De coelo: Heaven and Earth in the New World’s First Printed Work on Natural Philosophy

The article analyses Alonso de la Vera Cruz’s ideas on cosmography, including both celestial and geographical conceptions, displayed in De coelo from his Physica speculatio (1557). This book introduced in New Spain the hegemonic natural knowledge of the time as well as alternative ideas. At the same time, living for years in the New World, de la Vera Cruz drew on his own experience when discussing the qualities of the Americas and their inhabitants. Unlike the imperial cosmography of the time, he valued not only the natural qualities of those lands but also their inhabitants, which had important social implications. We argue that De la Vera Cruz reinterpreted European notions to adapt them to the Americas and, at the same time, developed a local perspective that transferred the idea of centrality from Europe to the New World. In doing so, he had to mediate with both local and transatlantic interests and visions. Reissued three more times in Salamanca since the 1569 edition, the Physica speculatio included references to the coasts of the American continent, which constitutes an exception to the secret nature of this kind of cosmographical information in the Ibero-American world.

The determination of the learning curve on the concept of energy using the alternatives ideas

In this study, alternative ideas of energy were evaluated for five different age groups. Research participants included primary school, middle school, and high school students, students of the department of primary education, and active teachers in primary education. The same questionnaire was used in all groups, indicating that age-related differences exist between answers. The sigmoid curve, which represents energy learning, is obtained by analyzing correct answers according to age. Correlations between age and all questions were statistically significant. An engaging perspective is imparted on energy education. According to our findings, misconceptions and preconceptions of students and teachers diminish with age or, more accurately, with educational attainment. In addition to improving science teaching classrooms and curriculum design, the results of our study may also benefit teachers’ professional growth.

Homotypic Membrane-Enhanced Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing and Glioblastoma Targeting for Precise Surgical Resection and Photothermal Therapy.

The crossing of blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential for glioblastoma (GBM) therapy, and homotypic targeting is an effective strategy to achieve BBB crossing. In this work, GBM patient-derived tumor cell membrane (GBM-PDTCM) is prepared to cloak gold nanorods (AuNRs). Relying on the high homology of the GBM-PDTCM to the brain cell membrane, GBM-PDTCM@AuNRs realize efficient BBB crossing and selective GBM targeting. Meanwhile, owing to the functionalization of Raman reporter and lipophilic fluorophore, GBM-PDTCM@AuNRs are able to generate fluorescence and Raman signals at GBM lesion, and almost all tumor can be precisely resected in 15 min by the guidance of dual signals, ameliorating the surgical treatment for advanced GBM. In addition, photothermal therapy for orthotopic xenograft mice is accomplished by intravenous injection of GBM-PDTCM@AuNRs, doubling the median survival time of the mice, which improves the nonsurgical treatment for early GBM. Therefore, benefiting from homotypic membrane-enhanced BBB crossing and GBM targeting, all-stage GBM can be treated with GBM-PDTCM@AuNRs in distinct ways, providing an alternative idea for the therapy of tumor in the brain.

Objective Review

Leather industry uses a great number of processing chemicals to make leather from animal hides. The toxicity, health and environmental impacts of many of these chemicals have been established leading to significant regulatory certifications and programs helping in trade and policy making. The focus of this review are the hazardous chemicals and auxiliaries relevant to leather industry, their categories, possible origins, analysis and toxicity with respect to humans and the environment and the regulatory mechanisms suggested for them through manufacturing restricted substance list (MRSL) 2.0.** Informative guidelines are provided about the most probable leather processing stage for the origin of these chemicals. Some alternative technologies, chemicals and ideas gaining popularity are also suggested as probable remedies. Recommended test methods are stated for the adequate monitoring of the hazardous chemicals. The nature and severity of chemical toxicity and corresponding limits set for their allowed use in formulations are graphically expressed for clarity and ease of understanding. The maximum number of compounds / isomers belong to classes comprising chlorinated paraffins, perfluorooctanoic acids (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonates (PFOS) and banned aromatic amines. Similarly, most of the restricted chemicals are used during the finishing stage and may be considered for eco-friendly alternatives. Likewise, the analytical equipment covering most testing requirements is GC-MS among other hyphenated techniques. Additionally, most critical chemicals from toxicity point of view are arsenic, cadmium and chromium (VI), whereas navy blue colorants and chlorinated aromatic compounds may be considered as less toxic among the restricted chemicals under the current scope. Surprisingly, the latest UV absorbents and polymeric fatliquors are comparatively non-toxic. Similarly, the most relaxed formulation limits are given for UV absorbers and 2-methoxypropylacetate whereas strict limits have been set for PFOA, PFOS, mercury, triclosan permethrin, sensitizing dyes etc. in MRSL 2.0.

Penerapan Metode MAUT Dalam Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemberian Bantuan Jasa Pada Kelurahan

Aid is a program designed to help people who need it because they are in some kind of difficulty in ringing in their bebans. On this basis, a bantuan could consist of knowledge, a building, a piece of property, and even money or other benefits related to a previously granted jasa. Pengambilan keputusan adalah memilih a few available backup plans in order to accomplish one or a few previously set goals. According to McLeod, the keputus system is a particular system that is based on structure and uses data and a model.computer that produces a variety of alternative ideas for use by managers to assist them in handling a variety of problems that are poorly structured or not at allBased on the evaluation of alternative data and criteria using the Maut method, the model can be applied to four alternative data with the highest level of preferred outcome as shown below. : A7 Patience baringin manurung with a score of 0.733 A1 on behalf of Martumpal p hutajulu with a score of 0.465, A5 on behalf of pineeria simanungkalit with a score of 0.365, A3 on behalf of Janter lubis with a score of 0.344. So the MAUT (Multi Attribute Utility Theory) method can be used in solve the problem of selecting church officials who are eligible to receive merit assistance

The Effect of a 12-Week Physical Functional Training-Based Physical Education Intervention on Students’ Physical Fitness—A Quasi-Experimental Study

Children have received much attention in recent years, as many studies have shown that their physical fitness level is on the decline. Physical education, as a compulsory curriculum, can play a monumental role in contributing to students' participation in physical activities and the enhancement of their physical fitness. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of a 12-week physical functional training intervention program on students' physical fitness. A total of 180 primary school students (7-12 years) were invited to participate in this study, 90 of whom participated in physical education classes that included 10 min of physical functional training, and the remaining 90 were in a control group that participated in traditional physical education classes. After 12 weeks, the 50-m sprint (F = 18.05, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.09), timed rope skipping (F = 27.87, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.14), agility T-test (F = 26.01, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.13), and standing long jump (F = 16.43, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.08) were all improved, but not the sit-and-reach (F = 0.70, p = 0.405). The results showed that physical education incorporating physical functional training can effectively promote some parameters of students' physical fitness, while at the same time providing a new and alternative idea for improving students' physical fitness in physical education.

Students’ Perceptions of the Heat and Temperature Concepts: A Comparative Study between Primary, Secondary, and University Levels

One of the fundamental problems that can impede the achievement of a sound understanding of a scientific concept is misconception. This study examines students’ perceptions of the concepts related to heat and temperature and how they evolve during the various levels of education. The findings from the literature review of students’ perceptions of heat issues combined with the results of this research, as obtained through the responses of students of primary, secondary, and tertiary education in Greece regarding the problems of temperature and heat, permitted the identification of alternative ideas of students for this conceptual area.

RIVER BANK FILTRATION - A NATURAL AND ECONOMICAL WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY

River Bank Filtration is a water treatment technique that consists of bring out water from river by pumping wells located in the nearby aquifer. It is the technique of Aquifer Recharge in which the surface water treated through the aquifer medium. In present study an attempt is made to understand the impact of River Bank Filtration on surface water, in Jabalpur city in Madhya Pradesh. The geological conditions, well types, cost saving on coagulant and the physical, chemical and biological effect of RBF were discussed in this study. Chemical coagulants are costly because of this it is becoming difficult day by day to run the treatment plant by using chemical coagulant, so RBF can be a good alternative pretreatment idea in the long run. It has been found that bank filtration works effectively as a natural treatment as well as alternative solution of pre-treatment. Turbidity removal efficiency of RBF was 94.22% in this study. Due to its efficiency, easiness and low-cost process River Bank Filtration will be a better and sustainable solution to partly fulfill the present water demand in India. Key Words: river bank filtration, cost of coagulant, pretreatment technique.

Is the EU shirking responsibility for its deforestation footprint in tropical countries? Power, material, and epistemic inequalities in the EU’s global environmental governance

This paper critically examines the European Union’s (EU) role in tropical deforestation and the bloc’s actions to mitigate it. We focus on two EU policy communications aimed at the challenge: stepping up EU action to protect and restore the world's forests and the EU updated bioeconomy strategy. In addition, we refer to the European Green Deal, which articulates the bloc’s overarching vision for sustainability and transformations. We find that by casting deforestation as a production problem and a governance challenge on the supply side, these policies deflect attention from some of the key drivers of tropical deforestation—the EU’s overconsumption of deforestation-related commodities and asymmetric market and trade power relations. The diversion allows the EU unfettered access to agro-commodities and biofuels, which are important inputs to the EU’s green transition and bio-based economy. Upholding a ‘sustainability image’ within the EU, an overly business-as-usual approach has taken precedence over transformative policies, enabling multinational corporations to run an ecocide treadmill, rapidly obliterating tropical forests. Whereas the EU's plan to nurture a bioeconomy and promote responsible agro-commodities production in the global South are relevant, the bloc is evasive in setting firm targets and policy measures to overcome the inequalities that spring from and enable its overconsumption of deforestation-related commodities. Drawing on degrowth and decolonial theories, we problematise the EU’s anti-deforestation policies and highlight alternative ideas that could lead to more just, equitable and effective measures for confronting the tropical deforestation conundrum.

Underwater Highly Pressure-Sensitive Fabric Based on Electric-Induced Alignment of Graphene

Wearable pressure sensors have received widespread attention owing to their potential applications in areas such as medical diagnosis and human-computer interaction. However, current sensors cannot adapt to extreme environments (e.g., wet and underwater) or show moderate sensitivity. Herein, a highly sensitive and superhydrophobic fabric sensor is reported based on graphene/PDMS coating. This wearable sensor exhibits great superhydrophobicity (water contact angle of 153.9°) due to the hydrophobic alkyl long chains and rough structure introduced by the Ar plasma. Owing to the network structure created by the electric-induced alignment of graphene sheets, an enhanced sensitivity (ΔI/I0 of 55) and fast response time (~100 ms) are observed. Due to its superhydrophobicity and sensitivity, this wearable sensor demonstrates efficient and stable monitoring of various underwater activities, including pressure, blowing, and tapping. Our approach provides an alternative idea for highly sensitive wearable sensors while broadening the practical application scope.

Exploring Students’ Misconceptions and their Causes in Photosynthesis and Respiration: A Case Study of a Private Sector School of Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan

Abstract&#x0D; The aim of this study is to find out the misconceptions about the photosynthesis and respiration processes and their causes among elementary levels of Science students. When students come into the classrooms they have a lot of misconceptions/ alternative ideas based on their previous understanding, learning experiences, and observation of their surroundings. It started from the initial level where children construct their knowledge by observing the world. These ideas, beliefs, observations, and make their preconceptions. This research had been conducted to find out the misconceptions about respiration and photosynthesis and their causes. The nature of this research study is an exploratory case study from the private school of Sukkur, Sindh. Semi-structured interviews and unstructured observations were done to conduct the data for this research study to investigate the misconceptions in Science. One private school was selected for this research in Sukkur. The sample size for this research was eight students in class eight and two science teachers. Four girls and four boys were chosen and two teachers, one male, and one female were chosen to conduct the data. The semi-structured interviews were recorded by teachers and students and then translated and transcribed. After that, read the code and identify the patterns. The codes were assigned to the responses of participants based on similarities and differences. The themes were extracted from the coding of the responses and categorized into seven themes and one sub-theme. It was determined that students had many misconceptions about photosynthesis and respiration processes.

Representation of the ozone layer in children’s trade books about ozone layer depletion: An analysis of written texts in Greece

Although children’s trade books are considered effective tools for introducing children to science content, studies have concluded that children form alternative ideas about science topics when the information presented in children’s books is inaccurate. The aim of the present study is to examine how stratospheric ozone is represented in children’s books about ozone layer depletion and whether these representations could foster alternative ideas about the topic. A total of nine books, published for preschool and primary school-aged children in Greece, were selected for analysis. Each of the nine books was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The cognitive elements and information provided by the texts concerning the nature and role of ozone were organized into categories and compared with the scientific consensus view. The results revealed that all books identified in this study provided information about the nature of ozone while two books presented its role in the atmosphere. However, the topic was inadequately covered as misrepresentations about the position, distribution, and origin of ozone, its role in the atmosphere and the mechanism preventing UV radiation from reaching the Earth were recorded. Even though children’s books support science teaching and learning, the limitations appearing in the books require teachers to correct the texts or use additional scientifically accurate material to teach about the ozone layer and its depletion adequately and accurately. Collaboration between publishing companies, authors, and science consultants is recommended for improving the representation of science topics in children’s literature.

An investigation on alternative ideas on thermal phenomena of pupils with and without learning difficulties.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43545-022-00603-5.