Alpha-amylase Inhibitory Activity Research Articles

Antioxidant, hypoglycemic and anti-hypertensive properties of extracts derived from peel, fruit and kernel of Salak

PurposeSalak (Salacca zalacca) is an underutilised fruit. The bioactivities of this fruit have rarely been studied scientifically. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of extracts derived from the peel, fruit and kernel of the Salak fruit, as well as the hypoglycemic and anti-hypertensive properties of Salak peel extracts.Design/methodology/approachThe peel, fruit and kernel of the Salak were extracted using distilled water, methanol and ethanol. Antioxidant activities, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and alpha-amylase inhibition properties of the extracts were estimated via in vitro standard methods. Besides, the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were also determined in the present study. The antioxidant activities of different parts of Salak extracts were determined by ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) methods. Percent of radical scavenging properties were calculated via DPPH assay. The hypoglycemic and anti-hypertensive properties of Salak peel were evaluated using alpha-amylase inhibition and ACE assays, respectively.FindingsFruit extracts of Salak in methanol were found to exhibit the highest TPC (10.27 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g), TFC (11.04 ± 0.89 mg CE/g) and antioxidant properties amongst all samples whereby the TPC and TFC were strongly correlated with antioxidant activities. On the other hand, distilled water extracted Salak kernel showed to have the lowest TPC (0.53 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g), TFC (0.37 ± 0.01 mg CE/g) and antioxidant properties amongst all the Salak extracts. Peel extracts exhibit comparable antioxidant activities with fruit extracts in the current findings. In addition, peel extracts indicated some extend of ACE and alpha-amylase inhibition activities regardless of the solvents used. Methanol and ethanol peel extracts indicated no significant difference (p < 0.05) ACE (98%) and alpha-amylase (90%) inhibition activities. However, distilled water extracted Salak peel showed significantly lower ACE and alpha-amylase inhibition in comparison to methanol and ethanol peel extracts.Originality/valueThe present findings suggested that the fruit of Salak exhibits the highest antioxidant properties, followed by the peel and lastly, the kernel, which shows the lowest antioxidant properties amongst all the samples. The results also indicated that the peel extracts have ACE and alpha-amylase inhibition activities.

Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Properties of Aqueous Methanol Extraction of Nephelium mutabile (Pulasan) Leaves

Nephelium mutabile is a tropical plant of Sapindaceae family which originated from the Malay Peninsula and used in traditional medicine. This study focused on investigating the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of Nephelium mutabile leaves. The aqueous methanol (80%) crude extract of Nephelium mutabile leaves were fractionated via gravity column chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. A total of 17 fractions were obtained from column chromatography and subsequently pooled together to yield eight fractions. The pooled fractions were examined for their antioxidant properties via DPPH assay, Folin-Ciocalteu assay, and aluminum chloride colorimetric assay and tested for anti-diabetic properties using alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory assay. DPPH assay showed that fraction 8 has the highest free radical scavenging activity (EC50 =88.0 μg/mL) followed by fraction 7 (EC50 =225.0 μg/mL). Fraction 8 showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content (221.1 μg GAE/mg, 222.4 μg QE/mg) respectively followed by fraction 7 (166.5 μg GAE/mg, 213.9 μg QE/mg) respectively. The most potent alpha-amylase inhibitory activity is observed in fraction 8 with an IC50 value of (41.0 μg/mL) followed by fraction 7 (90.6 μg/mL). In the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, fraction 8 with IC50 value 160.0 μg/mL followed by fraction 7 with IC50 value 50.6 μg/mL showed the best inhibition activity. In conclusion, Nephelium mutabile leaves showed potential antioxidant, and anti-diabetic properties and fractions 8 and 7 should be the focus of future studies.

Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. heartwood extract synthesized chitosan nanoparticles and its biomedical applications

BackgroundThe point of the present investigation was to blend effective chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) loaded with Pterocarpus marsupium (PM) heartwood extract and evaluate its biomedical applications. Various plant extract concentrations (PM-CNPs-1, PM-CNPs-2, PM-CNPs-3) are used to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles and optimized to acquire a stable nanoparticle formulation. The entrapment efficiency and in vitro release studies of the plant extract encapsulated in CNPs are estimated. The PM-loaded CNPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated for their alpha-amylase inhibitory activity and inhibition of albumin denaturation activity. ResultsThe XRD pattern of PM-CNPs shows less number of peaks at low intensity due to the interaction of chitosan with sodium tripolyphosphate. The FT-IR spectrum with peaks at 1639.55 and 1149.02 cm−1 confirms the formation of chitosan nanoparticles. The size of the nanoparticles ranges between 100 and 110 nm with spherical shape illustrated by SEM and TEM analysis. The nanoparticle formulation with 10% plant extract concentration (PM-CNPs-2) showed optimum particle size, higher stability, enhanced entrapment efficiency, and sustained drug release characteristics. Synthesized chitosan nanoparticles have shown a significant increase in alpha-amylase inhibition and appreciable anti-inflammatory activity as measured by inhibition of protein denaturation. ConclusionsThe investigation reports the eco-friendly, cost-effective method for synthesizing chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Pterocarpus marsupium Rox.b heartwood extract.

α-Amilase Inhibitory Activity of Fraction of Ethanolic Extract of Lebui Seed (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Grown in West Nusa Tenggara

Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome characterized by high blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia.Alpha-amylase inhibitors can be used as an antidiabetic that controls postprandial hyperglycemia.Alpha-amylase inhibitors are found in plants as protein and non-protein bioactive content such as in lebuiseed. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of alpha-amylase inhibition of the fraction ofethanol extract of lebui seed. This research was carried out by extraction of lebui seed and then fractionatedlebui extract to obtain n-hexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and water fraction (WF). Thefractions then tested to alpha-amylase inhibition activity in vitro by measuring the reducing sugar using3.5-dinitrosalicylic (DNS) reagent. Furthermore, the identification of the bioactive content of each fraction wascarried out using thin layer chromatography. The results of alpha-amylase inhibition activity test showed thatall fractions had the ability to inhibit alpha-amylase. The IC50 value of the n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetatefraction, and water fraction were 173.05 mg/ml, 9.98 mg/ml, and 137.19 mg/ml, respectively. Ethyl acetatefraction has the smallest IC50 value compared to other fractions. Based on the identification of the bioactivecontent, bioactive content that is only found in the ethyl acetate fraction but not in other fractions are tannins.Therefore, the chemical content in lebui seed which acts as an alpha-amylase inhibitor might be tannins.

Intensity of heavy metal accumulation in plants of Silybum marianum L. in conditions of field rotation

Intensity of heavy metal accumulation in plants of Silybum marianum L. in conditions of field rotation

A comparative study on chemical profile and biological activities of aerial parts (stems, flowers, leaves, pods and seeds) of Astragalus gombiformis

Abstract The present work aims to characterize the chemical profile of phenolic compounds and some biological activities of Astragalus gombiformis. The butanolic fractions of five aerial organs (stems, flowers, leaves, pods and seeds) were quantified and identified by LC–MS analysis. The results were revealed the presence of 13 phenolic compounds (quinic acid, p-coumaric acid, transfrulic acid, Hyperoside (quercetin-3-o-galactoside, Quercetrin (quercetin-3-o-rhamonoside), Apegenin-7-o-glucoside, kampherol, Naringenin, Apegenin, Luteolin, Cirsiliol, Cirsilineol and Acacetin. In terms of biological activities, the antioxidant,α-amylase inhibitory and anticholinesterase were determined. The butanolic extract from flowers showed the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS(IC50: 16, 43 ± 0, 46 and 16, 13 ± 0, 35 μg/mL) very closer with standards tested and week activity with Galvinoxyl radical (GOR) (IC50: 583, 95 ± 2, 20 μg/mL), while other organ's extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity. The leaves extract was found to exhibit the highest inhibitory effect against BChE (IC50: 165,54 ± 3,49 μg/mL) compared by the other parts which give a weak inhibitory effect at 200 μg/mL. A significant alpha-amylase inhibitory activity was displayed by seeds, leaves, pods and stems extracts (IC50:76.41 ± 3.72; 74.61 ± 3.68; 88.13 ± 1.81 and 83.81 ± 1.74 μg/mL) more the standard used. Based on these results, it is right to conclude that A. gombiformis is important source of the natural anti-diabetic, antioxidants and anti-Alzheimer′s disease.

Evaluation of the alpha-amylase inhibitory activity of Nepalese medicinal plants used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus

Backgroundα-Amylase catalyses the hydrolysis of starch and ultimately producing glucose. Controlling the catalytic activity of this enzyme reduces glucose production in the postprandial stage, which could be a therapeutic benefit for people with diabetes. This study was conducted to evaluate α-amylase inhibition for utilizing the crude extracts of some medicinal plants traditionally used in Nepal for the treatment of diabetes and its related complications.MethodsMicrotiter plate approach has been used to assess inhibitory activities of in vitro α-amylase of methanolic extracts of thirty-two medicinal plants. A starch tolerance test was used in rats to investigate the in vivo study of the methanolic extract concerning glibenclamide as the positive control.ResultsAcacia catechu, Dioscorea bulbifera, and Swertia chirata exhibited inhibitory activity against α-amylase and with IC50 values; 49.9, 296.1, and 413.5 μg/mL, respectively. Kinetics study revealed that all the extracts displayed a mixed type of inhibition pattern, with Ki values ranging from 26.6–204.2 μg/mL. Free radical scavenging activity was again re-examined and found prominent in extracts of A. catechu. Likewise, A. catechu and S. chirata showed significant reduction of blood glucose concentration up to 30 min after oral dose of 250 mg/kg (F (4, 20) = 4.1, p = .048), and (F (4, 20) = 4.1, p = .036), respectively.ConclusionsEnzymatic assay for α-amylase inhibition using extracts was successfully evaluated. Also, the in-vitro and in-vivo study model revealed that medicinal plants could be a potent source of α-amylase inhibition. So, they could serve as potential candidates for future drug development strategies for curing diabetes with minimal or no adverse side effects.

α-VINIFERIN as a potential antidiabetic and antiplasmodial extracted from Dipterocarpus littoralis

Over the past few decades, complementary medicine therapy using medicinal plants have been developed in healthcare. Phytochemical studies about medicinal plants have been conducted to verify their potency as medicinal remedies in modern therapeutics. Dipterocarpus littoralis commonly known as Meranti Jawa in Indonesia is traditionally used to treat diseases such as diarrhea, diabetic and malaria. This study aimed to isolate bioactive compounds from D. littoralis using bioguided fractionation method. The bioactivity measured were antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiplasmodial activity. Alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase assays were applied to estimate the in vitro antidiabetic activity of D. littoralis. The antioxidant activities were determined by using the free radical scavenging assays 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2-2″-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). Analysis of total flavonoid and phenolic contents were expressed as Quercetin Equivalent (QE) and Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE), respectively. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity test of methanol extract of D. littoralis was also conducted against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7. Purification of the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract of D. littoralis resulted in an oligostilbenes namely α-viniferin (1). The structure of the α-viniferin was characterized by comprehensive spectral analysis including IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and in comparison with the literature data. Compound 1 showed an alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 256.17 and 212.79 μg/mL, respectively. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity test against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 at a concentration of 100 μg/mL revealed a strong antiplasmodial inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 2.76 μg/mL. Our findings indicated that α-viniferin (1) which is isolated from D. littoralis extract could be regarded as potential antidiabetic and antiplasmodial resources in the future.

Hypoglycemic Activity of Aegle marmelos using Different Extracts-Glucose uptake by yeast cells and Alpha-amylase inhibitory activity

Hypoglycemic Activity of Aegle marmelos using Different Extracts-Glucose uptake by yeast cells and Alpha-amylase inhibitory activity

CO2-assisted production of polyethylene glycol / lauric acid microparticles for extended release of Citrus aurantifolia essential oil

Applications of essential oils as chemotherapeutics are limited because these aromatic oils are generally volatile, insoluble in aqueous media and easily degraded to non-active constituents when subjected to thermal-oxidative processes. The particles from gas-saturated solution (PGSS) technology allows for non-destructive processing of volatile oils into micronized formulations under high pressure and moderate temperature using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). In this study, essential oil from lime (Citrus aurantifolia) with proven antidiabetic activity was processed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lauric acid (LA) using scCO2 in a high pressure reactor for 2 h at 120 bar and 45 °C. The polymer-oil mixtures were co-precipitated and micronized through a 500 μm nozzle. PGSS processing of C. aurantifolia oil with PEG and LA yielded roughly spherical microparticles with sizes ∼ 2 μm. Inclusion of the LA and encapsulation of the limonene-rich oil into the PEG particles were confirmed using FTIR and GC/MS respectively. Melting point and heat of fusion of the PEG/LA microparticles were lower when compared with particles produced with PEG only, resulting in higher oil loading capacity and yield. The scCO2-assisted polymeric encapsulation of the volatile oil reduced rapid vaporization and incorporation of LA with the PEG-oil formulation extended the mean release time in simulated physiological solutions. Free radical scavenging and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of the lime oil were also preserved following encapsulation in the PEG/LA microparticles. In summary, production of PEG/LA microparticles with high yield and loading capacity of bioactive lime essential oil was achieved using the scCO2 encapsulation technology.

Evaluation of alpha amylase inhibition activity, antioxidant capacities and caffeine content of commercially available ready to drink green tea sample in collected from Nepal

Evaluation of alpha amylase inhibition activity, antioxidant capacities and caffeine content of commercially available ready to drink green tea sample in collected from Nepal

Antimicrobial and Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Organic Extracts of Selected Sri Lankan Bryophytes.

Medicinal plants have been the main focus of natural product research. However, recent research has revealed that lower plants including bryophytes are also a major resource of biologically active compounds with novel structures. Sri Lanka is considered as a biodiversity hotspot with a higher degree of endemism flora including bryophytes. In this study, different species of bryophytes were investigated for their antimicrobial and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities. The air-dried plant materials of 6 different bryophyte species, Marchantia sp., Fissidens sp., Plagiochila sp., Sematophyllum demissum, Hypnum cupressiforme, and Calymperes motley, were subjected to sequential cold extraction with 3 different organic solvents. All three types of organic crude extracts were subjected to screening of antimicrobial bioassays using the disc-diffusion method against 3 bacterial strains and 1 fungal strain. According to the results obtained, 6 extracts out of 18 showed antibacterial activity for tested Gram-positive bacteria and 1 active against Gram-negative bacteria. Two extracts showed activity against the pathogenic fungus strain. Extracts from some plants were active against tested bacterial as well as fungal species. TLC-based bioautographic study was carried out to identify the corresponding active bands which is useful for active compound isolation. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate extracts were subjected to evaluate alpha-amylase inhibitory activity where three extracts out of six extracts showed moderate inhibitory activity for alpha-amylase with IC50 ranging 8–30%.

Evaluation of Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory and Antidiabetic Potential of Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives

Oxadiazoles are the heterocyclic compounds containing one oxygen and two nitrogen atoms in a five membered ring possessing a diversity of useful biological effects. 134-oxadiazole is one of the most important heterocyclic moieties has wide spectrum of therapeutic activities. The activities include anticancer antimicrobial anti-inflammatory anti- HIV antitubercular antidiabetic and antifungal. The present study aims to assess the in-vitro alpha amylase inhibitory and in-vivo antidiabetic activity of some novel 134-oxadiazole derivatives. The synthesized oxadiazole derivatives SOZDs viz. SOZD1 SOZD2 SOZD3 SOZD4 and SOZD5 were evaluated for the amylase inhibition and alloxan-induced diabetic rat model. The assessment parameters are body weight fasting blood glucose FBG lipid profile enzymes and pancreas histopathology. Alphalpha-amylase inhibition assay depicted that maximum inhibition was observed at the concentration of 7000 mugml. Furthermore SOZDs treated diabetic rats show significant depletion in serum FBG urea and creatinine levels. There were statistical differences between the diabetic control and SOZD treatment groups with regard to lipid profile enzymes. Besides SOZDs reinforce the healing of alpha and beta cells of the pancreas in diabetic rats. It is evident from results that SOZD4 and SOZD5 derivatives showed a significant improvement of body weight blood parameters and lipid profile enzymes. Hence the findings of our study delineated SOZD4 and SOZD5 could be emerging as potential molecules for diabetic patients.

Phytochemical analysis, phytotoxic and alpha amylase inhibition activity of Cyanodondactylon

Herbal medicines that obtained from medicinal plants are safe and oldest natural products used for treatment of different diseases. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the phytochemical analysis, phytotoxic activity and alpha amylase enzyme inhibition activity of methanolic extract of Cyanodondactylon. For this whole plant was collected and shade dried and grinded to get the powder. The extraction was carried out by cold percolation in methanol. The methanolic extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis for the absence or presence of secondary metabolites using standard protocol. In-vitro phytotoxic activity was performed by adopting the standard protocol. The alpha amylase enzyme inhibition activity of plant extract was carried out by using starch as substrate, pancreatic alpha amylase as the enzyme, and acarbose as standard. Phytochemical analysis displayed the presence of different chemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, terpenoids etc. The result of in-vitro phytotoxic bioassay revealed that the plant extract showed moderate activity with percentage growth regulation 75% in 1000 µg/ml and 30% in 10 µg/ml. The alpha amylase enzyme inhibition was 96.2% at 1000 µg/ml while 37.06% at 40 µg/ml concentration. The inhibition was found dose dependent.

In vitro alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of fruits of ficus auriculata lour.

In vitro alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of fruits of ficus auriculata lour.

A methodology for the isolation of marine microorganisms tolerant to hexavalent chrome for its bioreduction potential in wastewater

Over the past few decades, complementary medicine therapy using medicinal plants have been developed in healthcare. Phytochemical studies about medicinal plants have been conducted to verify their potency as medicinal remedies in modern therapeutics. Dipterocarpus littoralis commonly known as Meranti Jawa in Indonesia is traditionally used to treat diseases such as diarrhea, diabetic and malaria. This study aimed to isolate bioactive compounds from D. littoralis using bioguided fractionation method. The bioactivity measured were antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiplasmodial activity. Alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase assays were applied to estimate the in vitro antidiabetic activity of D. littoralis. The antioxidant activities were determined by using the free radical scavenging assays 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2-2″-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). Analysis of total flavonoid and phenolic contents were expressed as Quercetin Equivalent (QE) and Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE), respectively. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity test of methanol extract of D. littoralis was also conducted against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7. Purification of the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract of D. littoralis resulted in an oligostilbenes namely α-viniferin (1). The structure of the α-viniferin was characterized by comprehensive spectral analysis including IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and in comparison with the literature data. Compound 1 showed an alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 256.17 and 212.79 μg/mL, respectively. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity test against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 at a concentration of 100 μg/mL revealed a strong antiplasmodial inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 2.76 μg/mL. Our findings indicated that α-viniferin (1) which is isolated from D. littoralis extract could be regarded as potential antidiabetic and antiplasmodial resources in the future.

Alpha-Glucosidase and Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Novel Abietane Diterpenes from Salvia africana-lutea.

The re-investigation of a methanolic extract of Salvia africana-lutea collected from the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa (SA), afforded four new abietane diterpenes, namely 19-acetoxy-12-methoxycarnosic acid (1), 3β-acetoxy-7α-methoxyrosmanol (2), 19-acetoxy-7α-methoxyrosmanol (3), 19-acetoxy-12-methoxy carnosol (4), and two known named clinopodiolides A (5), and B (6), in addition to four known triterpenes, oleanolic, and ursolic acids (7, 8), 11,12-dehydroursolic acid lactone (9) and β-amyrin (10). The chemical structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was determined on the basis of one and two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), ultra violet (UV), fourier transform infrared (IR), in comparison with literature data. The in vitro bio-evaluation against alpha-glucosidase showed strong inhibitory activities of 8, 10, and 7, with the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 11.3 ± 1.0, 17.1 ± 1.0 and 22.9 ± 2.0 µg/mL, respectively, while 7 demonstrated the strongest in vitro alpha-amylase inhibitory activity among the tested compounds with IC50 of 12.5 ± 0.7 µg/mL. Additionally, some of the compounds showed significant antioxidant capacities. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of S. africana-lutea is a rich source of terpenoids, especially abietane diterpenes, with strong antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities that can be helpful to modulate the redox status of the body and could therefore be an excellent candidate for the prevention of the development of diabetes, a disease where oxidase stress plays an important role.

In vitro anti-amylase activity of some Indian dietary spices

Growth and yield performance of mutant ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) lines in South-Eastern NigeriaMary N. Abua, Godfrey A. Iwo, Macauley A. Ittah, Ekemini E. Obok, Richmond E. Edugbo

Antidiabetic Activity of an Ayurvedic Formulation Chaturmukha Rasa: A Mechanism Based Study.

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate antidiabetic activity of Chaturmukha rasa based on streptozotocin induced diabetes model, alpha amylase inhibitory activity, alpha Glucosidase inhibitory activity and inhibition of sucrase.MethodsChaturmukha rasa was prepared as per Ayurvedic formulary. Antidiabetic activity was measured in experimentally streptozotocin induced rats. The dose was taken as 45 mg/kg, i.p. The antidiabetic activity of Chaturmukha rasa was compared Triphala Kwatha, a marketed formulation. Further In vitro ά-Amylase Inhibitory Assay, In vitro salivary amylase Inhibitory Assay, In vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Assay and In vitro Sucrase Inhibitory Assay was performed with respect to Chaturmukha rasa. The IC50 value was calculated for all the above activity.ResultsStreptozotocin with Acarbose showed significant decrease in blood glucose level whereas streptozotocin with Triphala kwatha showed more decrease in blood glucose level than Streptozotocin with Acarbose. The combination of Streptozotocin + Triphala kwatha + Chaturmukha rasa showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level on 21st day. In vitro ά-Amylase Inhibitory Assay the Chaturmukha rasa showed IC50 value 495.94 μl when compared with Acarbose 427.33 μl, respectively. In the α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Assay Chaturmukha rasa showed IC50 value 70.93 μl when compared with Acarbose 102.28 μl, respectively. In vitro Sucrase Inhibitory Assay Chaturmukha rasa showed IC50 value 415.4 μl when compared with Acarbose 371.43 μl, respectively.ConclusionThis study supports that Chaturmukha rasa may inhibit diabetes by inhibition of salivary amylase or alpha Glucosidase or sucrase. This may be the mechanism by which Chaturmukha rasa inhibits diabetes. Further this study supports the usage of Chaturmukha rasa for the management of diabetes.

Iron chelating, reducing and anti-glycation activities of Coleus aromaticus leaves protein

Introduction: Coleus aromaticus a medicinal plant is grown as weeds in the tropical countries like India. It has a wide range of active constituents, which has potent medicinal properties. The present study, the authors investigated the Iron chelating, reducing and anti-glycation properties of Coleus aromaticus leaves protein (CALP) in invitro model system. Materials and Methods: Proteins from the extract is isolated by Ammonium sulphate protein precipitation method. In vitro antioxidant studies were carried out by iron chelating activity and iron reducing power methods. The alpha amylase inhibitory activity, alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity and glucose uptake by yeast cells invitro studies was done. Results: The iron chelating activity and iron reducing power of the crude protein of Coleus aromaticus was compared with standard antioxidants like EDTA and Ascorbic acid. In anti-glycation studies, standard drugs Acarbose and Metformin was used. Results showed the percentage inhibition of ferrous ion chelating activity, increased with increase in concentrations of crude protein of Coleus aromaticus extract is comparable with standard antioxidants. Anti-glycation property and the inhibitory activity of CALP was compared with standard drugs. Conclusion: This study concluded that the Coleus aromaticus proteins possess significant anti-glycation activity and antioxidant activity when compared to standard antioxidants. Antioxidant activities increased with increasing concentrations in concentration dependent manner. It was found to be significant and valuable. Keywords: Antioxidant, Coleus aromaticus leaves protein (CALP), Ferric ion reducing and ferrous ion chelating activity.