Cooperative Alliances Research Articles

A Research and Exploration of Established Public Service Network Information Platform of University-Enterprise Cooperation

Practice teaching through the establishment of university-enterprise cooperation mechanism, the establishment of university-enterprise cooperation practice teaching operation mode, formulating university-enterprise cooperation practice teaching reform model, establishing higher education "university-enterprise cooperation, complement each other, “?win-win”? are to run the factors: professional practice teaching reform. So as to promote the development of colleges and universities, driving the development of enterprises to stimulate students' creativity, further developing the students' resilience. Building regional, public welfare, and participatory comprehensive embody characteristics of university-enterprise cooperation network public service platform, to explore a founded by the government, business, industry association, joint institutions, trust each other, long-term cooperation, mutual benefit and mutual university-enterprise cooperation alliance of network organization operation pattern, is conducive to integrate scattered and disorderly flow of information in the market, reduce market transaction costs and risks of cooperation, realize the government, schools, industries and enterprises linkage, depth to promote university-enterprise cooperation, improve the public service level of regional cooperation between colleges.

“Are You a LeBron Today?” Playfully Expanding Scaling Questions

This paper guides the reader through the development and implementation of original, playful solution-focused scaling questions when working with adolescents. A case example, building on an adolescent’s interest in the Miami Heat basketball team, is used to demonstrate the use of solution-focused brief therapy scaling questions. The creative use of the scaling question allows for emotional expression, concrete understanding, and development of a cooperative therapeutic alliance between client and therapist.

The Content of Our Cooperation, Not the Color of Our Skin: An Alliance Detection System Regulates Categorization by Coalition and Race, but Not Sex

Humans in all societies form and participate in cooperative alliances. To successfully navigate an alliance-laced world, the human mind needs to detect new coalitions and alliances as they emerge, and predict which of many potential alliance categories are currently organizing an interaction. We propose that evolution has equipped the mind with cognitive machinery that is specialized for performing these functions: an alliance detection system. In this view, racial categories do not exist because skin color is perceptually salient; they are constructed and regulated by the alliance system in environments where race predicts social alliances and divisions. Early tests using adversarial alliances showed that the mind spontaneously detects which individuals are cooperating against a common enemy, implicitly assigning people to rival alliance categories based on patterns of cooperation and competition. But is social antagonism necessary to trigger the categorization of people by alliance—that is, do we cognitively link A and B into an alliance category only because they are jointly in conflict with C and D? We report new studies demonstrating that peaceful cooperation can trigger the detection of new coalitional alliances and make race fade in relevance. Alliances did not need to be marked by team colors or other perceptually salient cues. When race did not predict the ongoing alliance structure, behavioral cues about cooperative activities up-regulated categorization by coalition and down-regulated categorization by race, sometimes eliminating it. Alliance cues that sensitively regulated categorization by coalition and race had no effect on categorization by sex, eliminating many alternative explanations for the results. The results support the hypothesis that categorizing people by their race is a reversible product of a cognitive system specialized for detecting alliance categories and regulating their use. Common enemies are not necessary to erase important social boundaries; peaceful cooperation can have the same effect.

Study on Multi-UAV Air Combat Game Based on Fuzzy Strategy

Multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) cooperative alliance combat is a new research problem. Through considering cooperative alliance's target value income index function, damage cost index function and voyage cost index function, the multi-UAV alliance cooperative game model is established in the paper, and its game matrix is structured. The definition of alliance characteristic function and mixed strategy Nash equilibrium are provided, the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium is obtained by using particle swarm optimization, and the cooperative game is solved by applying the method. At last, the feasibility and effectiveness of the method are presented by simulation results.

Male social bonds: strength and quality among co-resident white-faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus)

Social relationships among immigrant same-sex co-residents have received relatively little attention, particularly for species where males are the dispersing sex. White-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) are unusual in that immigrant males form cooperative alliances with co-resident males during intergroup encounters, and also have affiliative and tolerant intragroup relationships. We collected approx. 3341 h of focal animal data on 25 adult and subadult males in five groups of wild Cebus capucinus in the Santa Rosa Sector, Costa Rica, across three distinct field seasons. Using generalized linear mixed models, we examined the influence of number of co-resident males, group socionomic sex ratio, dominance status and age, and past parallel dispersal on social bond strength (i.e., proximity, contact rest, grooming, preferred grooming partners) and quality (i.e., grooming reciprocity) for 47 unique male–male dyads. Overall, dyads that included an alpha male had the weakest and least equitable bonds, while dyads composed of subordinate males had the strongest and most equitable bonds, with subordinate subadult peers being most likely to form preferred relationships. Several measures of bond strength and quality were highest among dyads in groups with few males and low socionomic sex (female-to-male) ratios. Dyad partners who had previously engaged in parallel dispersal had slightly better bonds than those that did not, suggesting that kinship and/or familiarity may be important. Our results indicate that within groups, male relationships are influenced by power asymmetry, partner availability, and dyad relationship history.

Forgiver Triumphs in Alternating Prisoner's Dilemma

Cooperative behavior, where one individual incurs a cost to help another, is a wide spread phenomenon. Here we study direct reciprocity in the context of the alternating Prisoner's Dilemma. We consider all strategies that can be implemented by one and two-state automata. We calculate the payoff matrix of all pairwise encounters in the presence of noise. We explore deterministic selection dynamics with and without mutation. Using different error rates and payoff values, we observe convergence to a small number of distinct equilibria. Two of them are uncooperative strict Nash equilibria representing always-defect (ALLD) and Grim. The third equilibrium is mixed and represents a cooperative alliance of several strategies, dominated by a strategy which we call Forgiver. Forgiver cooperates whenever the opponent has cooperated; it defects once when the opponent has defected, but subsequently Forgiver attempts to re-establish cooperation even if the opponent has defected again. Forgiver is not an evolutionarily stable strategy, but the alliance, which it rules, is asymptotically stable. For a wide range of parameter values the most commonly observed outcome is convergence to the mixed equilibrium, dominated by Forgiver. Our results show that although forgiving might incur a short-term loss it can lead to a long-term gain. Forgiveness facilitates stable cooperation in the presence of exploitation and noise.

Factors influencing households participation in the Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO) programmes in Uganda

Uganda Cooperative Alliance established SACCO’s as a response to Governments call to provide affordable financial services to rural poor. Over the year’s membership and share capital grew. This study investigated factors influencing household’s participation in SACCO programmes. Participants were disaggregated into savers and none savers. Degree of participation was estimated, an ordered probit function was used to establish likelihood of participation. Member’s participation increased with growth in incomes, dependants in secondary schools. Earning salary, rent, salaried spouse were less likely to participate. Increase in distance from the household to SACCO reduced household’s participation due to increased transaction costs.

Research on the Cooperative Game Between Tourist Spot's Public Operational Vehicles and Private Operational Vehicles

Tourist spot's public operational vehicles occupy the monopoly position in the market of tourist passenger transport, but they have a great defect of service quality which has a bad influence on the positive image of the tourist spot. Introducing private operational vehicles into the market is suggested which makes a corporate operation of public operational vehicles and private operational vehicles. Based on this, a cooperative game model is proposed and a kind of cooperation mode which makes the profit distribution reasonable and the alliance stable is sought. The results indicate that the formation of cooperative alliance can increase the profit of both sides and can increase the overall social benefits of tourist spot simultaneously.

Cooperation in International Strategic Alliances and Impact on Host Economies: Knowledge Transfer and Diffusion to Local Firms

Researchers have suggested that linkages between multinational enterprises entering developing countries and local firms can promote knowledge upgrading in local firms. Alliances are a particularly intense type of linkage, and this study investigates how the construct of cooperation, which is the essence of alliance activity, relates to knowledge transfer from foreign to local alliance partners, and then to how large a proportion of that knowledge is subsequently diffused to other local firms. The results suggest that although alliance cooperation is positively associated with knowledge transfer from the foreign to the local partner – thus raising the potential for knowledge diffusion – it is negatively related to the proportion of that knowledge that is diffused to the local partner’s competitors, and only insignificantly to the proportion diffused to its suppliers and customers. However, the difference between the coefficients for diffusion to competitors and to suppliers and customers is significant.

Worldwide Regulation of Co-Operative Societies - An Overview

A short survey of such a vast subject matter cannot be complete. It remains a reasoned but arbitrary collection of ideas, data, facts and figures, biased by the personal experience of the author and his access to sources, inevitably leaving gaps. In the first part of the paper, the “co-operative society” as a legal pattern is defined and distinguished from other legal forms. In the second part, an overview is given of the different concepts of co-operatives, varying considerably from one country to another and even within countries. The main part of this paper deals with describing legal patterns of co-operative societies from different perspectives: (a) by origin, (b) by type of co-operative and (c) by continent. A special chapter is dedicated to innovations, e. g. appropriate legal technology, trends to develop supra-national ooperative law and in new fields: multi-stakeholder co-operatives and social cooperatives as part of Social Economy. Conclusions are drawn regarding international guidelines for good co-operative legislation around a common core – the Statement of Co-operative Identity of the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA) – as contained in the UN Guidelines of 2001 aimed at creating a supportive environment for the development of co-operatives and the International labour Organization (ILO) Recommendation 193 of 2002 for the promotion of co-operatives. A review of past experience highlights the critical points identified as benchmarks, obstacles and trends of the future work of law-makers dealing with co-operative legislation.

Global Airline Alliances in the Light of Economic Integrations – Croatia Airlines Challenges

When discussing airline strategy in the 21st century, the first reflection that comes to the mind is probably alliance cooperation and membership as a relatively new phenomenon that arose out of significant changes and challenges in aviation industry. The modern, globalized economy, largely relying on the opportunities which are developing a network of flights so it is practically possible in one day connect any two points on the globe. IATA reported for the year 2009, that the three strategic branded alliances, Star Alliance, SkyTeam, and oneworld, accounted for over 69 percent of realized revenue passenger kilometers in scheduled traffic. Star Alliance, as a biggest airline group was founded in 1997 and now has a total of 27 airline members. Croatia Airlines joined Star Alliance family by the end of 2004, after reaching wide range of operational, maintenance, technological, IT, customer service, quality and regulatory minimum requirement list. From the beginning of the year 2010 Croatia Airlines become full Star Alliance member, as an only relatively small non EU carrier. Driving motivation for the paper is connected with intention to evaluate what are the benefits and threats of membership for Croatia Airlines, compared to other alliances.

Cooperative Innovation, Common Development, Exploration and Practice to Cultivate High-Quality Talents - Faculty of Material Science and Engineering in KMUST

Abstract: To make cooperative innovation, common development and improve the ability of independent innovation, cultivating talents is fundamental. The aim of setting up joint-training mode between universities and research institute is to enforce education resource sharing, carry out the deep cooperation about talents and scientific research projects, and establish the cooperative innovation alliance. Kunming University of Science and Technology (KMUST) with the help of subject advantages of material college, training talents jointly with Structure Material Research Institute of Beijing Iron and Steel Research Institute has met the demand of the country and produced a marked effect. Now, the cooperation mode has already transformed to teachers' scientific research cooperation, not just the single joint-training to postgraduates. Thoroughly, Beijing Iron and Steel Research Institute has become the training base for young teachers who investigate on iron and steel materials. At the same time, the cooperation and contacts between university and iron and steel enterprises has increased significantly.

Cooperative Identity and the Law

This article deals with the legal identity of cooperatives. It is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the role and function of law and of comparative legal research on the topic of cooperative identity (sec. 2). The second part focuses on cooperative identity within the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) Principles and the ICA Statement on the Cooperative Identity at large (sec. 3). The third part compares the ICA Statement on cooperative identity with the legal identity that several European jurisdictions assign to cooperatives (sec. 4). Conclusions follow.

Relevance and potential of co-operative values and principles for family business research and practice

Abstract Co-operative principles, and values, as defined by the International Co-operative Alliance, have served as the guiding, as well as defining, tenets of co-operative founding and functioning. Co-operatives that have stayed true to these tenets have delivered immense value to their members, as well as their communities and customers. In this paper, I tease out the relevance of these tenets to another kind of organization – the family business. I show that many of the co-operative principles and values are implicitly the foundation of family businesses as well. Recognizing the relevance of value of co-operative principles and values helps in advancing research and practice in family businesses. In addition, the explicit recognition of a somewhat common founding basis between co-operatives and family business also helps in furthering research and practice in the co-operative sector.

Cooperative Identity and the Law

This paper deals with the legal identity of cooperatives. It is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the role and function of law and of comparative legal research on the topic of cooperative identity (sec. 2). The second part focuses on cooperative identity within the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) Principles and the ICA Statement on the Cooperative Identity at large (sec. 3). The third part compares the ICA Statement on cooperative identity with the legal identity that several European jurisdictions assign to cooperatives (sec. 4). Conclusions follow.

Customer Relationship Management: the Enlightening Approach and Attitude of Co-operative Banks in Nashik District

Cooperative banking is retail and commercial banking organized on a cooperative basis. Today the cooperative banks are playing the vital role to render the service to common customers A cooperative is a business organization owned and operated by a group of individuals for their mutual benefit. A cooperative is defined by the International Cooperative Alliance's Statement on the Cooperative Identity as an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise. A cooperative may also be defined as a business owned and controlled equally by the people who use its services or by the people who work there. Cooperative banking institutions take deposits and lend money in most parts of the world. Cooperative banking includes retail banking carried out by credit unions, banks, building and cooperatives, as well as commercial banking services provided by mutual organizations to cooperative businesses. CRM is developing and implementing business strategies and supporting technologies that close the gaps between banking organizations current and potential performance in customer acquisition, growth and retention. CRM also help to create new customers, maintain existing customers.

Organizational ergonomics of occupational health methods and processes in a Brazilian oil refinery

Organizational ergonomics refers to the optimization of social technical systems, including their organizational structures, policies and processes. The relevant topics include communications, management of resources, work projects, temporal organization of work, team work, participative project, new work paradigms, cooperative work, organizational culture, network organizations and quality management (IEA, 2000). The purpose of this study was the reorganization of the methods and processes of the occupational health sector (SMS/SO - Portuguese acronym of the area) of a petrochemical company. The work involved thirty professionals: a coordinator, two occupational physicians, one cardiologist, one occupational dentist, two occupational nurses, eleven occupational health technicians, one social worker, one nutritionist, one phonoaudiologist, one ophthalmologist, one biochemist, two ergonomists, three administrative assistants, one administrator and one psychologist, during a six-month period. The methodology that was used sought to establish a cooperative alliance focused on change, transformation and acquisition of skills, reflecting directly on the attitudes and performance of the leaderships and their work teams. In addition to the feedback practice, the following supporting tools were used for the study's success: "Functional Polyvalence Matrix", "Management of Failures", 5W2H", "6M", "5 Why" and "process mapping". The intended results after the organization ergonomics restructuring process will allow the leader to help his or her team to make a diagnosis of the problems, identify options, develop strategies, establish targets and action plans, remove barriers, review contexts and implement the business management fundaments: planning, organization, management, coordination and control. The transformation possibilities allow us to consider some hypothesis: Before: Focus only on results. After: Engage collaborators to create sustainable results. Before: Operating profile. After: Tactical/strategic profile. Before: Find errors. After: Value effort and development. Before: Listen to what is being said. After: Understand what is being said. Before: Create fears of the consequences. After: Create room for risk. Before: Be the one who approves and decides. After: Be the cooperative support.

Developing International Collaborations in Physical Therapy Academia: A Case Example Emphasizing Education and Scholarship

Background and Purpose. International collaboration includes formal or informal cooperative alliances to jointly pursue academic ventures, including education, research, and service/clinical practice. The development of academic collaborations with colleagues in other nations can produce cross-pollination in physical therapist (PT) education and scholarship. The purpose of this case report is to describe a career-long process that has resulted in successful international collaborations and an international sabbatical for a US PT education program faculty member. Case Description. This case report presents general strategies to enhance the development of international relationships. One author discusses principles to help guide an individual through the process of developing international collaboration, and describes the sequence that led to his international sabbatical experience. Additionally, the case report provides a summary of Web-based technology to support international collaboration. Outcomes and Discussion. This case report highlights the positive benefits of international collaboration, including international education opportunities, enhanced scholarly productivity, and opportunities for service. International collaborations in academic or clinical settings can be rich and rewarding experienees that are life-changing. Intentional, long-term planning can make your experience a reality and may increase the likelihood of fruitful outcomes. Key Words: International education, International collaboration, Faculty development, Professional development, Faculty research. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The development of physical therapy collaborations with colleagues in other nations can produce a cross-pollination in physical therapist (PT) education and scholarship that is healthy and very beneficial for all involved. As new alliances form across national borders, exciting interactions can ignite an exchange of ideas and synergy of thought, yielding increased scholarly and academic productivity, and potentially life-long, significant friendships. Providing clinical services in other countries can also be extremely rewarding for the physical therapist and can significantly impact the lives of those who receive the care.1 Collaborative relationships benefit the individuals and institutions on both sides. International collaboration is used here as a broad term that includes any cooperative formal or informal alliances formed in the hopes of jointly accomplishing the many tasks and ventures of academia, including education, research, and service/clinical practice. International collaboration to enhance education programs appears to be a growing occurrence in physical therapist education as documented elsewhere in this special issue.28 The education program collaboration might occur as lectures via electronic or Internet media, sharing of educational resources, invited lectures, international visiting professors, or sabbatical experiences. The advent of the Internet gives greater opportunities for collaboration in education through distance education; however, this increases the need for specific modifications.9 International exchanges of students and faculty are a distinct component of international collaboration.10 In nursing education, Ekstrom11 found that politics and economics are usually obstacles to international education collaboration. These issues include immigration problems, political problems (including the politics of local professions), or conditions of political unrest, while economic limitations are inherent in how the position might be funded. Globalization and the specific changing conditions of travel, international media, transnational capitalism, and the role of global organizations and institutions12(p205) are driving changes in educational policy and practice in all countries.10 International collaboration to further research is growing in importance across higher education, including the education of health care professionals. …

El cooperativismo de consumo: orígenes y actualidad

<p>Los estatutos de la Cooperativa de Consumo de los Probos Pioneros de Rochdale, en 1844, marcan el inicio de los llamados principios cooperativos, que han venido sirviendo, actualizados por la Alianza Cooperativa Internacional, para delimitar los caracteres jurídicos de las sociedades cooperativas. Sin embargo, la legislación de cooperativas debe determinar, en cada caso, expresamente, los caracteres que delimitan la naturaleza jurídica de estas sociedades, basándose en precisiones jurídicas y sin atender a inseguros enunciados históricos, generalistas y filosóficos.<strong></strong></p><strong>Recibido</strong>: 03.05.11<br /><strong>Aceptado</strong>: 26.05.11

Reviewing theory, practices and dynamics of agricultural cooperatives: Understanding cooperatives’ development in Namibia

This paper reviews the principles of cooperatives as outlined by the International Cooperative Alliance. The evolution of agricultural cooperative thought, theory, and purpose as well as problems associated with cooperatives are reviewed from the standpoint of how cooperatives can provide benefits to their members. Globally economists, social theorists, and politicians have drawn considerable attention to the early dynamic development of cooperatives for their achievement of self-help through group action. Given the new perspectives on cooperative theory and the scope of changes in how cooperatives operate and are structured, cooperatives have even greater potential for coordinating self-help actions, but this potential needs the support of cooperative education services. The development and growth of cooperatives in Namibia, as in many other countries worldwide, have gone through substantial structural transitions in an effort to adjust to a rapidly changing economic environment characterised by increasing globalisation, economic crises, environmental uncertainties and agricultural industrialisation. The main problems and future of cooperatives, specifically agricultural organisations, are also highlighted in this paper. Key words: Agricultural cooperatives in Namibia, new institutional economics, transaction costs, property rights, agent theory.