Alkaloid Glycosides Research Articles

Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Potential of Parthenium hysterophorous and Lantana camara.

Parthenium hysterophorous and Lantana camara are notable for their significant phytochemical and antimicrobial properties. Advancements in phytochemical research have led to the development of novel formulations and products derived from P. hysterophorus and L. camara. For instance, patent extracts from these plants have been utilized in the formulation of pharmaceutical drugs, herbal supplements, cosmeceuticals, and agricultural products. P. hysterophorous, commonly known as Santa Maria feverfew or Congress grass, contains various bioactive compounds like terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and alkaloids.These compounds are the key to its medicinal properties, particularly its antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, L. camara, often referred to as wild sage, is rich in phytochemicals such as terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloid glycosides. P. hysterophorous and L. camara plants selected and checking their antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method. In our study, we found that the leaf extract of P. hysterophorous exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity against E. coli. P. hysterophorous exhibited the most potent antifungal activity against A. niger and T. viride, with a diameter of inhibition zone measuring 12 mm, followed by A. flavus and A. parasiticus. In case of L. camara, the inhibitory zone ranging from 14 to 18 mm was detected against S. abony, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and K. pneumonia. The leaf extract of the maximum zone of inhibition in case of L. camara was shown by A. flavus (12mm). The present study suggests that these two weeds could be useful in the development of bactericides and fungicides.

Inhibitory activities of Aruncus dioicus alkaloidal glycosides against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and α-glucosidase: A methodical theory-experiment investigation

Objective: Aruncus dioicus has been known by the scientific literature and folk experiences for its diverse biological activities, including anti-hyperglycemic effects. Methodology: The aerial parts of the plant collected from Quan Lan Island (Vietnam) were subjected to a methodical theory-experiment investigation for its chemical composition and biological potentials. Results: Firstly, experimental isolation and spectroscopic characterization identified the compositional compounds, ie sambunigrin (1), prunasin (2), uridine (3), and adenosine (4). Secondly, their elucidated structures were predicted with promising bio-chemo-pharmacological potentiality by different computational platforms, ie: docking simulation (docking scores < 10 kcal.mol−1); quantum calculation (dipole moments < 3 Debye); QSARIS model (satisfying Lipinski's rule of five); SwissADME model (satisfying Pires’ interpretations). Finally, the compounds (1-4) were under accumulative purification and in vitro tests against diabetes-related enzymes, ie: protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (1 with lowest IC50 value 0.39 ± 0.26 μM, 2 with no activity) and α-glucosidase (1 with lowest IC50 value 44.89 ± 0.93 μM, 2 with no activity); also, the inhibitory kinetics based on Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plot experiments revealed the competitive inhibition mode of 1 against PTP1B ( Ki value 0.49 μM). Conclusions: Altogether, the results obtained suggest that A. dioicus and its bioactive compounds, especially sambunigrin (1), uridine (3), and adenosine (4), could be considered as a natural source for further research and development of anti-diabetic agents.

Glycoalkaloids: Structural diversity and pharmacological activities

Glycoalkaloids (GAs) are a class of special secondary metabolites found in plants. Studies have found that they have a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer properties, with significant potential for development and utilization value. At present, alkaloid glucosides mainly fall into 2 categories: indole alkaloid glucosides and steroid alkaloid glucosides. In addition, there are small amounts of quinolines, isoquinolines, isoguanines, and other alkaloids. At present, only a few of the GAs have been found, which is inconsistent with the diversity of alkaloids. In addition, only a few GAs have been isolated and identified. This paper reviews the natural alkaloid glycosides from the perspectives of structural classification and pharmacological activity. It analyzes the reasons for the limited number of isolated components and proposes a rational separation method based on the literature. To provide references for the separation, identification, and bioactivity of glycoalkaloids.

Glucoconjugated monoterpene indole alkaloids with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity from Ophiorrhiza japonica

Continued interest in the bioactive alkaloids led to the isolation of five undescribed alkaloids (1–5), ophiorglucidines A-E, and seven known analogues (6–12) from the water-soluble fraction of Ophiorrhiza japonica. The structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data and quantum calculations as well as X-ray crystallographic analysis. The structure of 1 was characterized as a hexacyclic skeleton including a double bridge linking the indole and the monoterpene moieties, which is the first report of a single crystal with this type of structure. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of zwitterionic indole alkaloid glycosides on xanthine oxidase was found for the first time. The alkaloids 2 and 3, both of which have a pentacyclic zwitterionic system, were more active than the reference inhibitor, allopurinol (IC50 = 11.1 μM) with IC50 values of 1.0 μM, and 2.5 μM, respectively. Structure-activity relationships analyses confirmed that the carbonyl group at C-14 was a key functional group responsible for the inhibitory effects of these alkaloids.

Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Methanol Extract of Rauwofia vomitera Leaves (MERVL) Using In-vivo Based Assays

Background of the Study: The response of the body to harmful stimuli, such as tissue damage or a pathogenic infection is known as inflammation. Rauwofia vomitera is a medicinal plant that is native to large areas of tropical Africa and it belongs to the family of Apocynaceae. It is a medicinal herb used in traditional Nigerian medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. Aim of the Study:The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of Rauwofia vomitera leaves (MERVL) using in-vivo based assays. Methodology: The anti-inflammatory effect of (MERVL) was ascertained using the Egg albumin -induced inflammation using in vivo assay. A total of thirty (30) adult male albino rats (130-170g) were divided into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each for the in-vivo anti-inflammatory assay. Group 1 normal; Group 2 was given 10 mg/kg body weight of Indomethacin and Groups 3, 4 and 5 were given 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of MERVL) respectively. Acute toxicity was carried out using standard method. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Pharmacology Lab, Enugu State of University of Science and Technology Agbani Nigeria, between March 2021 and August 2021. Results: The percentage yield of the extract was 10.8%. The result of the quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screening of methanol extract of R. vomitoria leaves showed that Phenol (1590 ± 55.66) Flavonoid (1168 ± 11.43) and Tannin (1466 ± 40.73) were present in high concentration whereas, Alkaloid (549 ± 4.21) Glycoside (315 ± 61.38) and Terpenoid (162 ± 1.38) were present in moderate concentration. Saponin (1.16 ± 0.23) and Steroid (0.84 ± 0.03) were present in low concentrations. Acute toxicity tests showed no toxicity and mortality at doses up to 5000 mgkg-1. A significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the mean paw oedema was observed for all the treatment groups from 1 hour to 12 hours when compared to the normal group. The result shown that groups treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w of extract inhibit the inflammation in a non-dose dependent manner with percentage mobilization of 5.7%, 14.1% and 6.2% respectively. Conclusion: The study's results demonstrate that MERVL exhibits remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities and the extract yielded a better reduction in edema and increases mobilization in leukocyte in response to agar suspension. It also demonstrates that MERVL has a modulatory effect on the vascular changes that accompany inflammation. The plant's anti-inflammatory properties could potentially result from the interaction of different photochemical substances present. The findings suggest that, if used, the plant may serve as a source of anti-inflammatory agents.

Prediction of antioxidant capacity in faba bean from individual phenolic constituents

The relationship between individual phytochemical constituents and overall antioxidant capacity or total phenolic content (TPC) is poorly understood in faba bean. This study used a range of linear and nonlinear regression techniques to investigate whether the antioxidant capacity and TPC of 60 faba bean samples (flour and methanolic extracts) could be predicted from 12 individual compounds (10 common polyphenols and 2 alkaloid glycosides) measured in the same samples. Nonlinear regression using machine learning with a Radial Basis Function showed the best performance for antioxidant and TPC prediction across all sample types, while multiple linear regression allowed moderately accurate predictions in most sample matrices. Improved performance metrics were seen for the methanolic extracts compared to the flour samples. The strongest predictors of antioxidant activity in the multiple linear regression models were protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and ferulic acid, suggesting that these compounds are particularly important contributors to the high antioxidant activity of faba bean. Understanding the relationship between individual constituents and the antioxidant capacity may help food technologists and plant breeders develop faba bean products with maximal health benefits.

Lead phytochemicals and marine compounds against ceruloplasmin in cancer targeting

In silico docking studies serve as a swift and efficient means to sift through a vast array of natural and synthetic small molecules, aiding in the identification of potential inhibitors for cancer biomarkers. One such biomarker, ceruloplasmin (CP), has been implicated in various tumor types due to its overexpression, earning it recognition as a marker of aggressive tumors. This study focused on pinpointing inhibitors for the CP –Myeloperoxidase (MPO) interaction site, a complex formation known to impede HOCl production, a crucial process for inducing apoptotic cell death in tumor cells. The initial phase of our investigation involved in silico docking studies, which screened a diverse library of phytochemicals and marine compounds. Through this process, we identified several promising drug candidates based on their binding affinities. Subsequently, these candidates underwent rigorous filtration based on Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) properties. Finally, we subjected the selected compounds to molecular dynamics (MDs) simulation to further assess their viability. Lycoperoside F, a steroidal alkaloid glycoside derived from tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum), stood out with notable interactions at the binding site. Another noteworthy compound was Xyloglucan (XG) oligosaccharides, predominantly found in the primary cell walls of higher plants. During the subsequent MDs simulations, these interactions were accompanied by highly stable root mean square deviation (RMSD) plots, signifying the consistency and robustness of the observed MDs behavior. XG oligosaccharides demonstrated the highest binding affinity with CP, reaffirming their potential as strong candidates. Additionally, Ardimerin digallate, known as a retroviral ribonuclease H inhibitor for HIV-1 and HIV-2, displayed favorable interactions at the MPO interaction site. Given that promising drug candidates must meet stringent criteria, including non-toxicity, effectiveness, specificity, stability and potency, these phytochemicals have the potential to progress to in vitro studies as CP inhibitors. Ultimately, this could contribute to the suppression of tumor growth, marking a significant step in cancer treatment research. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Pentacyclic Triterpenoid from the Stem Bark of Gmeliana arborea and its Activities Against Some Clinical Isolates

This investigation was conducted with the goal of determining the chemical constituent(s) and antibacterial activities of the stem bark of the Gmelina arborea plant. The stem bark of the Gmelina arborea plant was extracted using the Soxhlet technique in conjunction with hexane and ethyl acetate as the solvents. This extraction process was carried out in a sequential fashion. Using a rotary evaporator and lower pressure, these extracts were condensed to a higher concentration. All of the extracts were put through a qualitative phytochemical screening to determine whether or not they contained secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites included alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, and anthraquinone. Both extracts included alkaloid, tannins, saponins, and cardiac glycosides, but only the hexane extract had flavonoid, while the ethyl acetate extract contained anthraquinone. Additionally, the hexane extract did not contain anthraquinone. The results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract did not contain anthraquinone. A quantitative phytochemical study was carried out in order to investigate the metabolite concentrations of the various compounds. Quantification and characterization were performed on eighteen (18) different bioactive substances. Ephedrine had the greatest concentration, measuring in at 45.066 g/mg, while kaempferol had the lowest concentration, measuring in at 0.386 g/mg. Antimicrobial activity against Gram negative organisms (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi); Gram positive organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin Resistant staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin Resistant enterococci, Enterococcus faecalis) using disc and broth diffusion methods was also carried out on the two different crude extracts and results compared with standard drugs as control. It was established where the zone of inhibition was and how sensitive the bacteria were. The Soxhlet extraction of ethyl ac

Two Novel Iboga-Type and an Oxindole Glucuronide Alkaloid from Tabernaemontana peduncularis Disclose Related Biosynthetic Pathways to Tabernaemontana divaricata.

Phytochemical investigation of the two Tabernaemontana species (Apocynaceae) T. peduncularis Wall. and T. divaricata (L.) R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult. indicated closely related biosynthetic pathways leading to lipophilic and hydrophilic alkaloids. In total, 18 specialized metabolites comprising indole-derived alkaloid aglycones, three oxindole-derived alkaloid glycosides, and two iridoid glucosides could be identified in the studied species. Among the alkaloids, the two Iboga-type alkaloids 3,7-coronaridine isoindolenine, coronaridine 3,4-iminium and a javaniside derivative bearing a glucuronic acid, named javanuronic acid, could be described by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods for the first time. A docking experiment using alpha-fold was performed to generate a protein model of the enzyme 7-deoxyloganetic acid glucosyl transferase. Performed bioassays exhibited a growth reduction of neonate Spodoptera littoralis larvae and reduced cell viability of HepG2 cells of the extracts containing Iboga alkaloids, whilst the javaniside derivatives containing hydrophilic fraction did not show any effects. These findings indicate a high flexibility in the formation of bioactive indole alkaloid aglycones by Tabernaemontana species and also evidence similar accumulation trends in both species as well as indicate that biosynthetic routes leading to oxindole alkaloids like javanisides are more widespread than reported. Furthermore, the incorporation of the three novel compounds into potential biosynthetic pathways is discussed.

Discovery, isolation and structural identification of alkaloid glycosides in six traditional Chinese medicine such as Coptis chinensis

Alkaloids are important active ingredients occurring in many traditional Chinese medicines, and alkaloid glycosides are one of their existence forms. The introduction of saccharide units improves the water solubility of alkaloid glycosides thus presenting better biological activity.Because of the low content in plants, alkaloid glycosides have been not comprehensively studied. In this study, ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) was employed to identify and analyze the alkaloid glycosides in Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron chinense, Menispermum dauricum, Sinomenium acutum, Tinospora sagittata and Stephania tetrandra. The results showed that except Tinospora sagittata, the other five herbal medicines contained alkaloid glycosides. Furthermore, the alkaloid glycosides in each herbal medicine were identified based on UV absorption spectra, quasimolecular ion peaks in MS, fragment ions information in the MS/MS, and previous literature reports. A total of 42 alkaloid glycosides were identified. More alkaloid glycosides were identified in C. chinensis and Menispermum dauricum, and eleven in C. chinensis were potential new compounds. Furthermore, the alkaloid glycosides in the water extract of C. chinensis were coarsely se-parated by macroporous adsorption resin, purified by column chromatography with D151 cation exchange resin, ODS and MCI, combined with semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Two new alkaloid glycosides were obtained, and their structures were identified by mass spectrometry and NMR data as(S)-7-hydroxy-1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-2,2-N,N-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and(S)-N-methyltetrahydropalmatubine-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, respectively. This study is of great significance for enriching the information about the chemical composition and the in-depth development of C. chinensis. Meanwhile, it can provide a reference for rapid identification and isolation of alkaloid glycosides from other Chinese herbal medicines.

Investigation of endophytic fungi in <i>Moringa oleifera Lam</i>. and determination of the phytochemical and proximate contents of its leaves and seeds

Moringa oleifera Lam. is embedded with huge nutritional values hence, it is being utilized in folklore medicine for various therapeutic and pharmacological applications. This study was conducted to identify the endophytic fungi associated with commercial dried and fresh leaves and seeds of Moringa oleifera. The phytochemical and proximate contents of the ethylacetate extracts of the samples were also determined. Surface sterilization procedures were carried out to isolate fungi while identification was by standard identification manuals. The phytochemical content analysis was by standard protocols while the proximate content analysis was done using AOAC protocols. Endophytic fungi isolated are from genus; Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Saccharomyces, Xylaria, Mucor, Nigrospora, Trichoderma, Alternaria, Penicillium and Macrophomina. From the qualitative analysis, flavonoid, tannin, steroid, alkaloid, terpenoids and cardiac glycoside were observed in all samples while saponin and phlobatannins were not detected in any sample. Reducing power was only observed in the fresh leaves and seeds samples. In quantitative analysis, fresh leaves showed the highest quantity of flavonoids (55.86±0.36 mg/g) while the fresh seed had highest quantity of cardiac glucosides, tannin and terpenoids. The dried leaves showed highest quantity of steroid and alkaloids. In the proximate analysis, the dried leaves had higher carbohydrate and crude fibre of 39.06±0.27 % and 14.32±0.01 % respectively. Moisture content was highest in the fresh leaves sample (20.26±0.06 %). Dried branded seed had the highest ash, crude lipid and crude protein contents. This study has shown that the leaves and seeds of M. oleifera are domains of diversity of endophytic fungi.

Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents of Napoleona imperialis stem bark

The aim of this study was to determine the qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals of Napoleona imperialis stem bark. Methods: Extractions and Phytochemical analysis of Napoleona imperialis stem bark were done using standard procedures. Result: Aqueous Napoleona imperialis stem bark extract had yield of 76.9g (7.69%) and methanol Napoleona imperialis stem bark extract also yielded 58.5g (5.85%) when 1000g pulverized was used for each. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of this extract exhibited moderate quantities of alkaloid, steroid and terpenoid in aqueous extract while methanol extract had flavonoid, saponin and tannin also in moderate quantities. Scanty quantities of flavonoid, saponin, cardiac glycoside and tannin were seen in aqueous extract so also, scanty quantities of alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid and cardiac glycoside were seen in methanol extract. The quantitative analysis of the phytochemicals was carried out twice and the average taken. Phenol had a concentration of 1.173mg/kg, Steroids had 0.623mg/kg, Terpenoid had 3.031mg/kg, Flavonoid showed 58.240mg/kg, Saponin had 13.190mg/kg, Alkaloid had 13.530mg/kg, Cardiac glycoside with 3.910mg/kg, Phytate showed 2.320mg/kg, Tannin had 52.500mg/kg and Hydrogen cyanide showed13.500mg/kg. This research proves that Napoleona imperialis contains some phytochemicals that are useful for mankind and also the part of this plant extracts exhibit medicinal properties.

Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Lotion Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.)

Papaya leaves contain phytochemical including alkaloid, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, triterpenoid, and asiaticoside glycoside. Flavonoid compounds in papaya leaves function as antioxidant that can capture free radicals. This study aims to determine the ethanol extract of papaya leaves can be formulated into lotion preparation and to test the antioxidant activity of these preparation. This study used an experimental method of lotion preparation made with varying concentrations of papaya leaf ethanol extract 2g (F1), 4g (F2), 6g (F3). Physical evaluation include organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, irritation test, spreadability test, and antioxidant activity test. All formulas met the physical evaluation requirements. The papaya leaf ethanol extract lotion has the highest IC50 value, namely at F3 of 44.72 ppm in the very strong antioxidant category.

Undescribed steroidal alkaloids from the bulbs of Fritillaria sinica

Eight undescribed steroidal alkaloid derivatives, including three cevanine-type isosteroidal alkaloids (two N-oxide glycosides and one D-ring aromatization) (1–3), one verazine-type steroidal alkaloid derivative (4), three solanidine-type steroidal alkaloid glycosides (5–7), and one veratramine-type analogue (8), along with three known compounds (9–11) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria sinica. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, acidic hydrolysis, and X-ray crystal diffractions. In the in vitro bioassay, the anti-cancer effect, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory activities for the isolates were evaluated at a concentration of 10 μM.

Formulation and analysis of physical properties of Turi leaf extract suspension (Sesbania grandiflora L.)

Sesbania Grandiflora .L is a type of plant that has so many benefits in the treatment of various kinds Diseases include laxatives, pain relievers (analgesics), fever reducers (antipyretic), laxative urine (diuretic), and others. Almost all parts of This plant belonging to the genus Sesbania Grandiflora is efficacious as a medicine covering the skin stems, flowers, leaves and roots. Sesbania Grandiflora .L contains alkaloid compounds, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and phenols which give a positive reaction in the phytochemical screening assay. Turi leaf extract need to be made in the form of pharmaceutical dosage forms for ease of use. One preparation that can be applied is a suspension.In this study, turi leaf extract was used as the active substance. The suspension was made in 3 formulas with different concentrations of turi leaf extract. The finished suspension was tested for physical characteristics including organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, density test and viscosity test.Based on the results of secondary metabolite tests, turi leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Based on the results of testing the physical properties of the suspension, it showed that all formulas met SNI standards based on organoleptic, homogeneity, pH and density tests. while based on the viscosity test the suspension made does not meet SNI standards.

PERBANDINGAN KANDUNGAN FLAVONOID EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN DAN BUAH CEPOKA (SOLANUM TORVUM SWARTZ) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS

Cepoka (Solanum torvum Swartz.) included in the herbaceous plants it can be cultivated as a traditional medicinal material. The parts most used as traditional medicine are the leaves and fruits. Cepoka leaves contain alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, quinone, polyphenols, saponins, steroids, monoterpenoids. While in the fruit chemical content is alkaloid compounds, saponins, anthraquinone, tannins, flavonoids and glycosides. The purpose of this study is compared flavonoid levels in leaves and fruit cepoka. The extraction method uses maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. Flavonoid level was measured with Spectrophotometer UV-Vis and quercetin standard.. The results of this study show that the content of flavonoids in the leaves cepoka amounted to 14.6346% W / W while the fruit contains cepoka flavonoids 0.9768% W / W.

Amomum subulatum: A treasure trove of anti-cancer compounds targeting TP53 protein using in vitro and in silico techniques.

Cancer is a primary global health concern, and researchers seek innovative approaches to combat the disease. Clinical bioinformatics and high-throughput proteomics technologies provide powerful tools to explore cancer biology. Medicinal plants are considered effective therapeutic agents, and computer-aided drug design (CAAD) is used to identify novel drug candidates from plant extracts. The tumour suppressor protein TP53 is an attractive target for drug development, given its crucial role in cancer pathogenesis. This study used a dried extract of Amomum subulatum seeds to identify phytocompounds targeting TP53 in cancer. We apply qualitative tests to determine its phytochemicals (Alkaloid, Tannin, Saponin, Phlobatinin, and Cardic glycoside), and found that alkaloid composed of 9.4% ± 0.04% and Saponin 1.9% ± 0.05% crude chemical constituent. In the results of DPPH Analysis Amomum subulatum Seeds founded antioxidant activity, and then we verified via observing methanol extract (79.82%), BHT (81.73%), and n-hexane extract (51.31%) found to be positive. For Inhibition of oxidation, we observe BHT is 90.25%, and Methanol (83.42%) has the most significant proportion of linoleic acid oxidation suppression. We used diverse bioinformatics approaches to evaluate the effect of A. subulatum seeds and their natural components on TP53. Compound-1 had the best pharmacophore match value (53.92), with others ranging from 50.75 to 53.92. Our docking result shows the top three natural compounds had the highest binding energies (-11.10 to -10.3kcal/mol). The highest binding energies (-10.9 to -9.2kcal/mol) compound bonded to significant sections in the target protein's active domains with TP53. Based on virtual screening, we select top phytocompounds for targets which highly fit based on pharmacophore score and observe these compounds exhibited potent antioxidant activity and inhibited cancer cell inflammation in the TP53 pathway. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations indicated that the ligand was bound to the protein with some significant conformational changes in the protein structure. This study provides novel insights into the development of innovative drugs for the treatment of cancer disorders.

Collective Total Synthesis of β-Carboline-Type Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloid Glycosides

AbstractThe collective and efficient asymmetric total syntheses of five β-carboline-type monoterpenoid indole alkaloid glycosides were achieved in fewer than thirteen steps. A Pictet–Spengler reaction with α-cyanotryptamine followed by the removal of the cyano group and autoxidation (aromatization) efficiently constructed the β-carboline motif. In addition, bioinspired reactions were developed to provide different alkaloid skeletons.

Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic, and Potential of Methanol Extract Musa balbisiana Colla as Antioxidant and Anti-Gout

In this study, Musa balbisiana Colla seeds were extracted using Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction method. it was found that seeds extract of Musa balbisiana Colla contained alkaloid, phenolic, saponin, tannin and steroid glycoside compounds by phytochemical test. Antioxidant activity was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazil and ferric reducing antioxidant power method while allopurinol was used to determine non uric acid capacity of Musa balbisiana Colla seeds extract. The total phenolic content of Musa balbisiana Colla seeds extract was 375mg/mg gallic acid. Antioxidant activity test was carried out using 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazil method and ferric reducing antioxidant power method with the result in the form of Inhibitory Concentration 50. Inhibitory Concentration 50 value of Musa balbisiana Colla seeds extract was around (94.27±0.22) mg/L by 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazil method which was classified as a very strong antioxidant activity. Inhibitory Concentration 50 value of Musa balbisiana Colla seeds extract using ferric reducing antioxidant power method was around (409.91±2.35)mg/L which was classified as very weak antioxidant activity. Anti-uric acid activity of Musa balbisiana Colla seeds was higher than the synthetic anti-uric acid drug allopurinol, which was around 38.27% and allopurinol was about 2.80%. These results illustrate that the seeds extract of Musa balbisiana Colla have the potential material as an ingredient in treating diseases caused by gout.

Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels): The conventional underutilized multifunctional plant-an exotic gleam into its food and functional significance

Jamun is a valuable therapeutic plant in India and is also referred to as “Black Jamun ” while, all the plant parts, i.e., leaves, bark, fruit, roots, and seeds, have therapeutic applications. The fruits are perishable seasonal berries containing the pulp and are processed into several value-added products like health drinks, juices, squashes, jellies, and wine leaving behind kernels as a significant waste. The kernels are not only rich in carbohydrates, protein, minerals, and crude fibers but also contain a substantial variety of biogenic phytochemicals with versatile applications in both the food and nonfood industries. The enormous functional properties of these bioactive compounds get well-reported while the plant parts are used to produce a variety of traditional medicines with antioxidants, anti-diabetic, anti-pyretic, nephroprotective, and anti-diarrheal activities. Amongst all, the anti-diabetic properties are the most promising and explored as the seeds contain jambosin, alkaloid, and anti-mellin or jambolin glycosides, which impede the diastatic starch to sugar conversion. The plant has a long history of therapeutic applications with limited documented evidence to support its use. Health-conscious people often seek healthy diets loaded with natural substances with the highest functional properties, which has resulted in increased consumption of Jamun fruits in the recent past. Thus, there is a need to evolve, establish and document the traditional medicinal use of the Jamun with strong scientific rationales to outspread its consumption further. Therefore, the present era demands scientific intervention to explore this plant for its utilization in the food and pharmacy industry. • Syzygium cumini, contains phytochemicals with enormous functional and therapeutic applications. • Fruits are processed into variety of traditional medicines and functional foods. • Limited clinical evidences to support role of Syzygium cumini in the therapeutic health management. • Systematic studies required to increase the utilization of Syzygium cumini in both food and pharmaceutical industry.